書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-包頭鋼鐵職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Duringtheoilcrisisofthe1970s,manystates（

）speedlimitstoreducegasolineuse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implanted

B.imposed

C.impaired

D.impressed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。implant“種植；灌輸”；impose“強(qiáng)加，征稅”；impair“損害；削弱”；impress“蓋印；給人留下印象”。句意：在1970石油危機(jī)期間，很多州強(qiáng)制限速來(lái)減少對(duì)石油的消耗。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（）themselves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。expand“擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展”；stretch“延伸”；prolong“延長(zhǎng)，拖延”；extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大”。stretchoneself為固定用法，意為“伸懶腰；伸展身體”。句意：完成了上午的工作后，職員們站到自己辦公桌的后面伸展身體。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Agoodeducationisan（

）youcanfallbackonfortherestofyourlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asset

B.ethic

C.inventory

D.obligation

【答案】A

【解析】句意:好的教育是你余生能依靠的資產(chǎn)。

考查名詞辨析。Asset資產(chǎn),優(yōu)點(diǎn),有利條件;ethic道德準(zhǔn)則,倫理標(biāo)準(zhǔn);inventory清單,財(cái)產(chǎn)清單,(商店的)存貨;obligation義務(wù),職責(zé),責(zé)任。因此A符合句意。

4.單選題

Somemodemanthropologistsholdthatbiologicalevolution（）notonlyhumanmorphologybutalsohumanbehavior.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasrelated

B.isrelated

C.isshaped

D.hasshaped

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。relate“有聯(lián)系”；shape“形成，塑造”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，evolution和動(dòng)詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選項(xiàng)B和C可排除。句意：一些現(xiàn)代人類學(xué)家認(rèn)為，生物進(jìn)化不僅塑造了人類的形態(tài)，而且還塑造了人類的行為。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.寫作題

Differentfromtheblindoptimismintheachievementsofmodernsciencethroughoutthe20thcentury,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizethedestructiveeffectsofscientificprogressuponhumansociety.Manyevenbelievethatwhateverbenefitssciencebringstohumanity,itwillalsobringaboutthemostinhumanviolencetoanimalsandeveryimaginablesortofhorriblemeddlingwithhumanlife.Nowyouaresupposedtowriteanessayinnofewerthan300wordstoshowwhetheryouagreewithsuchabelief.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organizationgrammarandappropriateness.

【答案】【參考范文】

Throughoutthecenturiestothehistoryofscientificdevelopment,scienceandtechnologyhasbeenagreatprogresscomparedtotheprevious,weliveintheeraofrapidchangesinscienceandtechnology,hasfelttheconveniencebroughtbytechnology.Indeed,technologyhasbroughtusalotofbenefits,butalsobroughtmanydisadvantages.Personally,Ithinkthesedisadvantagesarerealandcannotbeignored.Whatweneedtodoistotreatthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologycorrectlyandbringoutitsmaximumpositivesignificance.

Ontheonehand,thankstothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourlivescanbegreatlyenrichedandmadeeasier.Electriclights,newmeansoftransportation,theinventionoftheInternet—thereisnoonewhohasnotbenefitedfromthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Whenyousitathomeandtapthemouse,youareabletocommunicateface-to-facewithyourrelativesinfarawayplaces;whenyouareontheroadoftravel,holdingthesteeringwheeltightly,youareabletotravelalloverthecountryandenjoythescenery;whenyoustayinahotelandpresstheremotecontroloftheairconditionerleisurely,youenjoythepleasureofwarmthandcoolness.Comparedwiththepast,humanhealthandlivingstandardshavechangedalot.Technologyhasbroughtustoomuchconvenienceandmadegreatprogressinhumandevelopment.

Ontheotherhand,asthesayinggoes,“Thingswilldevelopintheoppositedirectionwhentheybecomeextreme.”Ifanythinggoodisusedtoexcessandtakentotheextreme,therewillbea“double-edgedsword”effect,andthesameistrueforscience.ThedevelopmentofphysicaltheoryhasenabledmankindtomasternuclearenergytechnologybutalsobroughtaboutthenucleardisastersofHiroshimaandNagasaki,wheremankindhadtheabilitytodestroyitselfforthefirsttime.Thedevelopmentofchemistryhasgivenustheunprecedentedabilitytotransformnature,butourgunpowderandexplosiveshavealsoharmedtensofmillionsofourfellowhumanbeings.Advancesinoilexplorationtechnologyhaveallowedmankindtoadvanceatamuchfasterpace.Wehavebeenabletoflyfasterthanthespeedofsound,butthishasalsobroughttoomanywarsandtoomuchstrife,andmadetheearthstarttocatchafever.Atthesametime,theatmospherehasbeendamaged,waterhasbeenpolluted,andenvironmentalproblemsarebecomingincreasinglyserious,causingmanyplantsandanimalstolosetheirhabitats.

Allinall,technologicaldevelopmenthasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.However,weshouldneitherblindlydevelopscienceandtechnologyregardlessoftheconsequencesbecauseitisbeneficial,norshouldwegotostopthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologybecauseithasdisadvantages.Scienceandtechnologyarethegreatdrivingforceofhumansocialprogressonlywhentheyareinbalancewithpeople’sneedsandhumannature.Humanbeingsshouldmakefulluseofthepositiveeffectsofscienceandtechnologyandtrytolimitandovercomethenegativeeffectsbroughtbyscienceandtechnologyinthecontinuouspracticeofunderstandingnatureandtransformingit.

6.單選題

Thestormsweepingoverthispartofthecountryissuretocause（）ofvegetablesinthecomingdays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rarity

B.preliminary

C.inefficiency

D.invalidity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。rarity“罕見，珍貴”；preliminary“初步行動(dòng)；準(zhǔn)備工作”；inefficiency“效率低；無(wú)效率”；invalidity“無(wú)效，無(wú)價(jià)值?！薄氨槐╋L(fēng)雨襲擊”與“蔬菜”之間的關(guān)系是前者會(huì)造成后者短缺，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Hecomplicatedwiththerequirementthatallgraduatestudentsineducation（

）athesis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.write

B.writing

C.towrite

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。在英語(yǔ)中，表示“命令、建議、愿望、要求”等的詞（不管是動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞）之后的從句用should+動(dòng)詞原詞，而且should可以省略。句中的requirement表示“要求”，其后是由that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，因此選A。句意：他把教育中所有研究生都要寫論文的要求復(fù)雜化了。

8.單選題

Thecoalitionpartieshaveaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupporttheailingmarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidlyexpanding

B.steadilyimproving

C.makingchanges

D.havingdifficulties

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。橫線單詞ailing意為“生病的，身體不舒服的；病態(tài)的；處境困難的”；A選項(xiàng)“rapidlyexpanding”意為“迅速擴(kuò)大的”；B選項(xiàng)“steadilyimproving”意為“穩(wěn)定提高的”；C選項(xiàng)“makingchanges”意為“交換；更改”；D選項(xiàng)“havingdifficulties”意為“有困難的”。句意：聯(lián)合政黨已要求政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金，幫助支撐低迷的市場(chǎng)。由題干可知，thegovernmenttoconsiderusingmorefundstohelpsupportthemarket（政府考慮動(dòng)用更多資金幫助支撐市場(chǎng)），可以推測(cè)出市場(chǎng)的情況不好，出現(xiàn)了困難。由此可知，ailing在此處最可能是“處境困難的”的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Likeatiredmarriage,therelationshipbetweenlibrariesandpublishershaslongbeenreassuringlydull.E-books,however,arecausingheartache.Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoowaryofpiracyandlostsalestoco-operate.Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.Theothershaveeitherdeniedrequestsorarereluctantlyexperimenting.InAugust,forexample,PenguinwillstartapilotwithpubliclibrariesinNewYork.

Publishersarewisetobenervous.Ownersofe-readersareexactlythecustomerstheyneed:book-loverswithmoney(neitherthedevicesnorbroadbandconnectionscomecheap).Ifthesewonderfulpeopleswitchtoborrowinge-booksinsteadofbuyingthem,whatthen?

Electronicborrowingisawfullyconvenient.Unlikeprintedbooks,whichmustbecheckedoutandreturnedtoaphysicallibrarymilesfromwhereyoulive,bookfilescanbedownloadedathome.Digitallibrarycataloguesareoftenbrowsedatnight,fromacomfysofa.Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredue(whichmeansnolatefees,norworryaboutlostordamagedbooks).

Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextravalue.Youcannotresellit,lendittoafriendorburnittostaywarm.Owningabookisusefulifyouwanttosavor(品嘗)itrepeatedly,butwhoreads“FiftyShadesofGrey”twice?

E-lendingisnotsimple,however.Therearelotsofdifferentandoftenincompatiblee-bookformats,devicesandlicenses.MostlibrariesuseacompanycalledOverDrive,aglobaldistributorthatsecuresrightsfrompublishersandprovidese-booksandaudiofilesineveryformat.Some35mtitleswerecheckedoutthroughOverDrivein2011,andthecompanynowsendsusefuldataonborrowingbehaviortoparticipatingpublishers.YetpublishersandlibrariesareworriedbyOverDrive’smarketdominance,asthecompanycanincreasinglydictatefeesandconditions.

Libraryboostersarguethatbookborrowersarealsobookbuyers,andthatlibrariesarevitalspacesforreaderstodiscovernewwork.ManywerecheeredbyarecentPewsurvey,whichfoundthatmorethanhalfofAmericanswithlibrarycardssaytheyprefertobuytheire-books.Butthereportalsonotedthatfewpeopleknowthate-booksareavailableatmostlibraries,andthatpopulartitlesofteninvolvelongwaitinglists,whichmaybewhatinspirespeopletobuy.

Sopublisherskeeptweaking(對(duì)……稍作調(diào)整)theirlendingarrangementsinsearchoftherightbalance.

RandomHouseraiseditslicensingpricesearlierthisyear,andHarperCollinslimitslibrariestolendingitstitles26times.Penguinplanstokeepnewreleasesoutoflibrariesforatleastsixmonths,andeachbookwillexpireafterayear.Thestoryofthelibrarye-bookisanail-biter.

6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebigsixpublishers?

7.Whatistheadvantageofelectronicborrowing?

8.WhyarepublishersandlibrariesworriedaboutOverDrive’smarketdominance?

9.WhatwasshowninPewsurvey?

10.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Thestoryofthelibrarye-bookisanail-biter.”?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyknowtheyneedtocooperatewithlibraries.

B.Theyhaverecentlysolde-bookstomostlibraries.

C.Mostofthemhesitateincooperationwithlibraries.

D.Theystandoutagainstsellinge-bookstolibraries.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutdeadlines.

B.Itcanpayforthelatefeesautomatically.

C.Readerscanlendthebookfilestotheirfriends.

D.Itismuchcheaperthantraditionalprintedbooks.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Publisherandlibrarieswilllosetheirmarketsharesofe-books.

B.OverDriveprovidesvariousformatofe-booksandaudiofiles.

C.OverDrivewillincreasinglydividetheirprofitofe-books.OverDrive

D.E-readerswillnotlende-booksoraudiofilesfromlibraries.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thedesiretocollectpopularbooksinspirespeopletobuythem.

B.E-readersinAmericaprefertobuytheire-booksfromlibraries.

C.MorethanhalfofAmericansarebookborrowersandbookbuyers.

D.Peoplewithlibrarycardsusuallyhavetowaitforpopulare-books.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Manyproblemsaboute-booklendingneedtobesolved.

B.Itiswiseforpublisherstocooperatecloselywithlibraries.

C.Cooperationbetweenpublishersandlibrariesisawin-winstrategy.

D.Librarieswilldominantthebookmarketbylendinge-books

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】6.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第一段四五句話Amongthebigsix,onlyRandomHouseandHarperCollinslicensee-bookswithmostlibraries.Theothershaveeitherdeniedrequestsorarereluctantlyexperimenting“在六大出版社中，只有蘭登書屋和哈珀柯林斯向大多數(shù)圖書館授權(quán)使用電子書。其他人要么拒絕了請(qǐng)求，要么不情愿地嘗試”，由此可知答案選C選項(xiàng)“他們中的大多數(shù)人在與圖書館合作方面猶豫不決”。

A選項(xiàng)“他們知道他們需要與圖書館合作”，定位到第一段第二句Librariesknowtheyneeddigitalwaresiftheyaretoremainrelevant,butmanypublishersaretoowaryofpiracyandlostsalestoco-operate“圖書館知道，如果要保持相關(guān)性，他們需要數(shù)字產(chǎn)品，但許多出版商對(duì)盜版和銷售損失過(guò)于謹(jǐn)慎，不愿合作”，這里可知他們是不愿意和圖書館合作的，這里屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“他們最近向大多數(shù)圖書館出售了電子書”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，是某些出版社向大部分圖書館銷售電子書并不是全部的出版社，這里屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“他們堅(jiān)決反對(duì)向圖書館出售電子書”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有出版社向圖書館出售電子書了，這里屬于反向干擾。

7.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句Thefilesdisappearfromthedevicewhentheyaredue(whichmeansnolatefees,norworryaboutlostordamagedbooks)“當(dāng)文件到期時(shí)，它們就會(huì)從設(shè)備上消失（這意味著沒(méi)有滯納費(fèi)，也不用擔(dān)心丟失或損壞書籍）”，從這里可知時(shí)間到了之后文件會(huì)自動(dòng)消失，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心最后期限”。

B選項(xiàng)“它可以自動(dòng)支付滯納金”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，因?yàn)槲募詣?dòng)消失所以不存在逾期費(fèi)，這里屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“讀者可以把圖書檔案借給他們的朋友”，定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句Youcannotresellit,lendittoafriendorburnittostaywarm.“你不能轉(zhuǎn)賣它，不能把它借給朋友，也不能把它燒掉取暖”，由此可知C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“它比傳統(tǒng)印刷書籍便宜得多”，定位到第三段倒數(shù)第三句Awkwardlyforpublishers,buyingane-bookcostsmorethanrentingonebutofferslittleextravalue“讓出版商尷尬的是，買一本電子書比租一本要貴，但幾乎沒(méi)有額外價(jià)值”，這里是對(duì)比電子書租借和電子書購(gòu)買的，和紙質(zhì)書沒(méi)有關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)全文沒(méi)有提及，所以不能選，屬于無(wú)中生有。

8.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第五段倒數(shù)第一句YetpublishersandlibrariesareworriedbyOverDrive’smarketdominance,asthecompanycanincreasinglydictatefeesandconditions。“然而，出版商和圖書館對(duì)OverDrive的市場(chǎng)主導(dǎo)地位感到擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)樵摴究梢栽絹?lái)越多地控制收費(fèi)和環(huán)境”，從這里可知出版社是擔(dān)心公司壯大后開始收費(fèi)分走自己的利潤(rùn)所以答案選C選項(xiàng)“將越來(lái)越多地分享電子書的利潤(rùn)”。

A選項(xiàng)“出版商和圖書館將失去他們的電子書市場(chǎng)份額”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有，不選；

B選項(xiàng)“OverDrive提供各種格式的電子書和音頻文件”，定位到第五段第三句MostlibrariesuseacompanycalledOverDrive,aglobaldistributorthatsecuresrightsfrompublishersandprovidese-booksandaudiofilesineveryformat“大多數(shù)圖書館都使用一家名為OverDrive的全球分銷商，這家公司從出版商那里獲得版權(quán)，并提供各種格式的電子書和音頻文件”，由這里可知B選項(xiàng)雖然是正確的，但是這并不是出版商擔(dān)心的原因，這里屬于出處錯(cuò)誤，B選項(xiàng)排除；

D選項(xiàng)“電子閱讀器不會(huì)從圖書館借閱電子書或音頻文件”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有，不選。

9.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到第六段倒數(shù)一二句話ManywerecheeredbyarecentPewsurvey,whichfoundthatmorethanhalfofAmericanswithlibrarycardssaytheyprefertobuytheire-books.Butthereportalsonotedthatfewpeopleknowthate-booksareavailableatmostlibraries,andthatpopulartitlesofteninvolvelongwaitinglists,whichmaybewhatinspirespeopletobuy.“皮尤研究中心最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查讓許多支持電子書進(jìn)入圖書館的人感到振奮，該調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，超過(guò)一半擁有圖書卡的美國(guó)人表示，他們更喜歡購(gòu)買電子書。但報(bào)告也指出，很少有人知道電子書在大多數(shù)圖書館都可以買到，而熱門書目往往需要排很長(zhǎng)的等候名單，這可能是促使人們購(gòu)買電子書的原因”，由此可知答案選A選項(xiàng)“收集流行書籍的欲望激勵(lì)人們?nèi)ベ?gòu)買它們?！?/p>

B選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)電子書閱讀者更喜歡從圖書館購(gòu)買電子書”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，文章沒(méi)有提到美國(guó)電子書閱讀者喜歡在那里買電子書，但是文章有提到大部分人都不知道圖書館可以買電子書，所以這里屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“超過(guò)一半的美國(guó)人是借書人和購(gòu)書人”，是超過(guò)半數(shù)擁有圖書卡的美國(guó)人不是所有美國(guó)人，這里屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“有借書證的人通常需要等待流行的電子書”，他們等待的是實(shí)體書，因?yàn)榈炔坏剿圆艜?huì)轉(zhuǎn)向電子書，這里屬于張冠李戴。

10.推理判斷題。第一步，尋找上下文線索，文章圍繞的是出版社和圖書館在電子書出借這個(gè)問(wèn)題上的角力。出版社對(duì)電子書出借問(wèn)題一直持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，和圖書館合作做電子書出借項(xiàng)目會(huì)影響電子書銷售業(yè)務(wù)，而且出借項(xiàng)目也還有些問(wèn)題沒(méi)解決，這些沒(méi)解決的問(wèn)題也有可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致自己的收益減少，雖然有調(diào)查顯示電子書出借會(huì)推動(dòng)電子書的銷量但是參與電子書出借的三個(gè)出版社對(duì)圖書出借還是設(shè)立各種限制。由此可知文章最后一句這樣說(shuō)的原因是A選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于電子書借閱還有很多問(wèn)題需要解決”。

B選項(xiàng)“出版商與圖書館密切合作是明智的”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“出版商與圖書館的合作是一種雙贏的戰(zhàn)略”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“圖書館將通過(guò)借閱電子書主導(dǎo)圖書市場(chǎng)”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

10.單選題

Becauseoftheeconomiccrisis,industrialoutputintheregionremained_____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.motionless

B.inactive

C.stagnant

D.immobile

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。motionless靜止的，不運(yùn)動(dòng)的；inactive不活躍的，怠惰的；stagnant停滯的，蕭條的；immobile固定的，不變的。句意：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，該地區(qū)的工業(yè)產(chǎn)出仍然停滯不前。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.單選題

“I’malittleworriedaboutmyfuture,”saidDustinHoffmaninTheGraduate.Heshouldbeluck.AllhehadtoworryaboutwaswhethertohaveanaffairwithMrs.Robinson.Inthesixties,thatwasthesumtotalofpost-graduationanxietysyndrome.

Hoffman’smoderncounterpartsarenotsofortunate.TheMrs.Robinsonsaren’tsittingaroundathomeanymore,seducinggraduates.Theyareoutintheworkplace,doingthehigh-poweredjobsthegraduateswant,butcannotget.Forthosefreshoutofuniversity,desperateforworkbutunabletogetit,thereisabigimbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.Andthereisnonarrowingofthegapinsight.

Thelatestunemploymentfiguresshowthat746,000of18-24year-oldsareunemployed—arecordrateof18percent.Manyofthosewillhavegraduatedthissummer.Theyarenopanickingyet,butasthejobrejectionsmountup,theyarebeginningtofeelashamed.

Ofcourse,itiseasytoblametheGovernmentand,inparticular,thetargetthatLabourhaslongtrumpeted—50percentofschool-leaversinhighereducation.Thatwasnottoosmart.TheGovernmenthasnotonlyfailedtomeetitstarget—theactualfigureisstillcloserto40percent—butithasraisedexpectationstounrealisticlevels.

Parentsfeelasbadlyletdownastheyoungpeoplethemselves.Middle-classfamiliesseetheirgraduateoffspringonthedolequeueandwonderwhytheybotheredpayingschoolfees.Working-classfamiliesfeelanevenkeenersenseofdisappointment.Formanysuchfamilies,gettingachildintouniversitywasthefulfillmentofalifelongdream.Itrepresentedupwardsocialandfinancialmobility.Itwasproofthattheywerelivinginadynamic,economicallysuccessfulcountry.Thatdreamdoesnotseemsorosynow.

Graduateunemploymentisnot,ultimately,apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved.Job-creationschemesforgraduatesareverylowdowninministerialin-trays.IfDavidCameron’sConservativeshadabrilliantideaforguaranteeingeverygraduateawell-paidjob,theywouldhaveunveileditbynow.Itisasocialproblem,thoughamoredeep-seatedsocialproblemthanpeopleperhapsrealize.

26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.

27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.

28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?

30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnow

B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduation

C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannow

D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthen

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.hopeful

C.indifferent

D.furious

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.infavourof

B.doubtfulabout

C.stronglycriticalof

D.mildlycriticalof

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.

B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.

C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.

D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduates

B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissue

C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissue

D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissue

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.26.作者以《畢業(yè)生》中的一段插曲作為開頭，是為了______。

A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnowA.支持現(xiàn)在有更多女性工作這一事實(shí)

B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduationB.說(shuō)明很少有畢業(yè)生一畢業(yè)就開始工作

C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannowC.說(shuō)明當(dāng)時(shí)的畢業(yè)生要比現(xiàn)在少得多

D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthenD.強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在和那時(shí)之間的鮮明對(duì)比

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞TheGraduate定位到第一段，文章開頭以電影《畢業(yè)生》為例，指出60年代畢業(yè)生對(duì)將來(lái)只是有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，而且擔(dān)心的并不是找不到工作；第二段緊接著指出，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的畢業(yè)生們就沒(méi)有霍夫曼那么幸運(yùn)了，因?yàn)轭愃齐娪啊读_賓森夫人》的女士們占據(jù)著畢業(yè)生們渴望而又無(wú)法得到的高職，供需之間嚴(yán)重失衡。綜合可推斷，這是過(guò)去與現(xiàn)在就業(yè)形勢(shì)的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比，D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)是為了進(jìn)行對(duì)比，并不是題干的目的，屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“渴望工作卻又找不到工作（desperateforworkbutunabletogetit）”可知，B項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.27.關(guān)于年輕畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，作者聽起來(lái)______。

A.pessimisticA.很悲觀

B.hopefulB.很有希望

C.indifferentC.很冷漠

D.furiousD.很憤怒

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】定位第二段最后兩句“對(duì)于那些剛走出大學(xué)校門、渴望工作卻又找不到工作的人來(lái)說(shuō)，供需之間存在著巨大的失衡（bigimbalance）。目前還沒(méi)有縮小這一差距的跡象?！?，從此可見，作者對(duì)年輕畢業(yè)生就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的態(tài)度是悲觀的，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文，文中沒(méi)有字眼表明作者情緒激烈到憤怒的程度。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.28.作者_(dá)_____工黨政府的目標(biāo)：50%的高中畢業(yè)生接受高等教育。

A.infavourofA.支持

B.doubtfulaboutB.懷疑

C.stronglycriticalofC.強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)

D.mildlycriticalofD.溫和批評(píng)

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】定位到第四段第一句“當(dāng)然，指責(zé)政府很容易，尤其是工黨長(zhǎng)期吹噓（trumpeted）的目標(biāo)：50%的高等教育畢業(yè)生”，從trumpeted一詞可知作者對(duì)工黨的做法的嘲諷和不屑之情；結(jié)合第二句“那不太聰明（nottoosmart）”可知，作者對(duì)工黨政府的批評(píng)還是比較溫和，D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文，文中作者明確指出“并未達(dá)到該目標(biāo)（failedtomeetitstarget）”，所以這并不是懷疑的態(tài)度；

C選項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文，作者雖然批評(píng)工黨的做法，但文中并沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)批評(píng)的過(guò)激字眼，strongly并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?29.以下關(guān)于父母感受的陳述哪一個(gè)是正確的？

A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.A.工薪階層的父母也同樣感到失望。

B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.B.父母和他們的孩子同樣感到失望。

C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.C.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的父母感到更失望。

D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.D.父母比孩子更失望。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位文章倒數(shù)第二段首句“父母和年輕人一樣感到非常失望”，可知，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位第五段第三句“工薪階層家庭的失望感更加強(qiáng)烈（anevenkeenersenseofdisappointment）”可知，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)定位第二句“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭看到他們的畢業(yè)生子女在領(lǐng)取失業(yè)救濟(jì)金的隊(duì)伍中，不明白他們?yōu)槭裁匆秾W(xué)費(fèi)”，第一句講的是“父母和孩子一樣失望”，所以中產(chǎn)階級(jí)父母同樣感到失望，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)與原文相反，也屬于反向干擾。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.30.在文章的最后，作者暗示______。

A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduatesA.將會(huì)有為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的計(jì)劃

B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissueB.大學(xué)生失業(yè)更多的是一個(gè)政治問(wèn)題

C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissueC.大學(xué)生失業(yè)既是一個(gè)政治問(wèn)題，也是一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題

D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissueD.保守黨在解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題上做得還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位到最后一段第一句“從根本上說(shuō)，畢業(yè)生失業(yè)并不是一個(gè)有待解決的政治問(wèn)題（apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved）”，換句話說(shuō)，畢業(yè)生失業(yè)是一個(gè)政治問(wèn)題，但是不容易解決；最后一句又說(shuō)“這是一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題（asocialproblem），盡管這個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題比人們可能意識(shí)到的更根深蒂固”，所以畢業(yè)生失業(yè)問(wèn)題既是一個(gè)政治問(wèn)題也是一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位最后一段第二句“為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的計(jì)劃在政府部門的公文中處于非常低的位置”可知，為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的計(jì)劃暫時(shí)沒(méi)有，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)不全面，屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)作者明確指出，這個(gè)問(wèn)題不是想解決就能解決的政治問(wèn)題，所以屬于曲解原文。

12.單選題

Sometimes,whilelivinginaforeigncountry,onecravesaspecialdishfromhome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.desires

B.eats

C.prepares

D.orders

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。crave表示“渴望，懇求”；A項(xiàng)desire“想要，渴望”，B項(xiàng)eat“吃”，C項(xiàng)prepare“準(zhǔn)備”，D項(xiàng)order“命令，下單”。句意：生活在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，有時(shí)會(huì)想吃家鄉(xiāng)的特色菜。因此A項(xiàng)正確。

13.翻譯題

Youcan'tbuyhappiness.Butitlookslikeyoucanatleastinheritit.BritishandAustralianresearcherssaid.

Astudyofnearly1000pairsofidenticalandnon-identicaltwinsfoundgenescontrolhalfthepersonalitytraitsthatmakepeoplehappywhilefactorssuchasrelationships,healthandcareersareresponsiblefortherestofourwell-being.Wefoundthataroundhalfthedifferencesinhappinessweregenetic,'saidTimBates,aresearcherattheUniversityofEdinburghwholedthestudy."Itisreallyquitesurprising.*'

Theresearchersaskedthevolunteersranginginagefrom25to75aseriesofquestionsabouttheirpersonality,howmuchtheyworriedandhowsatisfiedtheywerewiththeirlives.

Becauseidenticaltwinssharethesamegenesandfraternaltwinsdonot,theresearcherscouldidentifycommongenesthatresultincertainpersonalitytraitsandpredisposepeopletohappiness.

Peoplewhoaresociable,active,stable,hardworkingandconscientioustendtobehappier,theresearchersreportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience."Whatthisstudyshowedwasthattheidenticaltwinsinafamilywereverysimilarinpersonalityandinwell-being,andbycontrast,thefraternaltwinswereonlyaroundhalfassimilar,"Batessaid,"Thatstrongimplicatesgenes.

Thefindingsareanimportantpieceofthepuzzleforresearcherstryingtobetterunderstanddepressionandwhatmakesdifferentpeoplehappyorunhappy,Batessaid.

Peoplewithpositiveinheritedpersonalitytraitsmay,ineffect,alsohaveareserveofhappinesstodrawoninstressfultimes,hesaid.’’Animportantimplicationisthatpersonalitytraitsofbeingoutgoing,calmandreliableprovidearesource,wecallediteffectivereservethatdrivesfuturehappiness"Batessaid.

【答案】快樂(lè)買不到，但英國(guó)和澳大利亞的研究人員稱，快樂(lè)至少可以遺傳得到。

一項(xiàng)對(duì)近千對(duì)同卵及異卵雙胞胎開展的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在快樂(lè)的性格特征中，有一半是由基因控制的，而另一部分則受到人際關(guān)系、健康、職業(yè)等因素的影響。研究負(fù)責(zé)人愛丁堡大學(xué)的蒂姆?貝茨說(shuō)：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究對(duì)象在快樂(lè)方面的差異約有一半受到遺傳基因的影響。這個(gè)結(jié)果實(shí)在令人驚訝?！?/p>

研究人員向年齡在25歲至75歲之間的志愿者提出了一系列問(wèn)題，問(wèn)題涉及他們的性格特點(diǎn)、焦慮程度以及對(duì)目前生活的滿意度。

由于同卵雙生的雙胞胎基因完全相同，而異卵雙胞胎不完全相同，所以研究人員可以分辨出決定某些性格特征及使人容易快樂(lè)的共同基因。

研究報(bào)告在《心理科學(xué)》期刊上發(fā)表。研究人員指出，善于交際、活潑、踏實(shí)、勤奮、有責(zé)任心的人更加快樂(lè)。貝茨說(shuō)：“該研究表明，同卵雙胞胎的性格特征和快樂(lè)程度十分相似，然而，異卵雙胞胎僅有約50%的相似度。這充分說(shuō)明了基因的作用。”

貝茨說(shuō)，研究人員一直在努力尋找有關(guān)“人為什么會(huì)郁悶”的更為合理的解釋及影響不同的人快樂(lè)與否的因素，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)無(wú)疑為這一難題提供了一個(gè)重要解釋。

他說(shuō)，具有積極遺傳性格特征的人實(shí)際上同時(shí)擁有一種“快樂(lè)儲(chǔ)備”，供他們?cè)谟魫灥臅r(shí)候“支取”。貝茨說(shuō)：“這說(shuō)明了很重要的一點(diǎn)，外向、冷靜和可靠的性格特點(diǎn)能形成一種“情感儲(chǔ)備”，為將來(lái)的快樂(lè)提供保障?！?/p>

14.單選題

Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid.Thenewcomersalsotendtoseeofficematterswithafresheye,intheprocesssometimescomingupwithcriticalanalysesoftheforcesthatshapeeveryone’sexperienceintheorganization.

ConsiderthenovelviewsofHarveyColemanofAtlantaonthesubjectofgettingahead.Colemanisblack.Hespent11yearswithIBM,halfofthemworkinginmanagementdevelopment,andnowservesasaconsultanttothelikesofAT&T.Coca-Cola,Prudential,andMerch.Colemansaysthatbasedonwhathe’sseenatbigcompanies,heweighsthedifferentelementsthatmakeforlong-termcareersuccessasfollows:performancecountsamere10%,image,30%;andexposure,afull60%.Colemanconcludesthatexcellentjobperformanceissocommonthesedaysthatwhiledoingyourworkwellmaywinyoupayincreases,itwon’tsecureyouthebigpromotion.Hefindsthatadvancementmoreoftendependsonhowmanypeopleknowyouandyourwork,andhowhighuptheyare.

Ridiculousbeliefs?Nottomanypeople,especiallymanywomenandmembersofminorityraceswho,likeColeman,feelthatthescales(障眼物)havedroppedfromtheireyes.“Womenandblacksinorganizationsworkunderfalsebeliefs,”saysKaleelJamison,aNewYork-basedmanagementconsultantwhohelpscorporationsdealwiththeseissues.“Theythinkthatifyouworkhard,you’llgetahead—thatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgiveyouapromotion.”Sheadds,“Mostwomenandblacksaresofrightenedthatpeoplewillthinkthey’vegottenaheadbecauseoftheirsexorcolorthattheyplaydowntheirvisibility.”Heradvicetothosefolks:learnthewaysthatwhitemaleshavetraditionallyusedtofindtheirwayintothespotlight.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid”(Para.1)probablyrefersto“________”.

2.Toachievesuccessinyourcareer,themostimportantfactor,accordingtothepassage,isto________.

3.Thereasonwhywomenandblacksplaydowntheirvisibilityisthatthey________.

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticismsthatshapeeveryone’sexperience

B.theopinionswhichcontradicttheestablishedbeliefs

C.thetendenciesthathelpthenewcomerstoseeofficematterswithafresheye

D.theideaswhichusuallycomeupwithnewwaysofmanagementintheorganization

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.performwellyourtasksgivenbyyoursuperiors

B.projectafavorableimagetothepeoplearoundyou

C.workasaconsultanttoyoursuperiors

D.letyoursuperiorsknowhowgoodyouare

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.knowthatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgivethemapromotion

B.wanttogivepeopletheimpressionthattheyworkunderfalsebeliefs

C.don’twantpeopletothinkthattheirpromotionswereduetosexorcolor

D.believetheycangetpromotedbyreasonoftheirsexorcolor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.RoleofWomenandMinoritiesinManagement

B.TheImportanceofBeingVisible

C.JobPerformanceandAdvancement

D.SexandCareerSuccess

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,“thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid”(Para.1)probablyrefersto“________”.根據(jù)文章，“以前認(rèn)為最好不要說(shuō)的事情”（第一段）可能指的是“________”。

A.criticismsthatshapeeveryone’sexperienceA.形成每個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的批判

B.theopinionswhichcontradicttheestablishedbeliefsB.與既定信念相矛盾的觀點(diǎn)

C.thetendenciesthathelpthenewcomerstoseeofficematterswithafresheyeC.有助于新人用新眼光看待辦公室事務(wù)的傾向

D.theideaswhichusuallycome