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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南昌航空大學(xué)科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Motherwarned______theelectriclamp.

問題1選項

A.nottotouch

B.himnottotouch

C.himnottouching

D.himnottouch

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞用法。句意:媽媽告誡他不要碰電燈。告誡某人不要做某事用warnsb.nottodosth.,所以B選項himnottotouch符合題意,故正確。其余選項語法錯誤。因此B選項正確。

2.不定項選擇題

PsychologistsagreethatI.Q.contributeonlyabout20percentofthefactorsthatdeterminesuccess.Afull80percentcomesfromotherfactors,includingwhatIcallemotionalintelligence.Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped:

1.Self-awareness.Theabilitytorecognizeafeelingasithappensisthekeystoneofemotionalintelligence.Peoplewithgreatercertaintyabouttheiremotionsarebetterpilotsoftheirlives.

Developingself-awarenessrequirestuningintowhatneurologistAntonioDamasiocalls“gutfeelings.”Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem.Forexample,whenpeoplewhofearsnakesareshownapictureofasnake,sensorsontheirskinwilldetectsweat,asignofanxiety,eventhoughthepeoplesaytheydonotfeelfear.Thesweatshowsupevenapictureispresentedsorapidlythatthesubjecthasnoconsciousawarenessofseeingit.

Throughdeliberateeffortwecanbecomemoreawareofourgutfeelings.Takesomeonewhoisannoyedbyarudeencounterforhoursafteritoccurred.Hemaybeawareofhisirritabilityandsurprisedwhensomeonecallsattentiontoit.Butifheevaluateshisfeelings,hecanchangethem.

Emotionalself-awarenessisthebuildingblockofthenextfundamentalofemotionintelligence:beingabletoshakeoffbadmood.

2.MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance.

Weoftenhavelittlecontroloverwhenwearesweptbyemotion.Butwecanhavesomesayinhowlongthatemotionwilllast.PsychologistDianneTiceaskedmorethan400menandwomenabouttheirstrategiesforescapingfoulmoods.Herresearch,alongwiththatofotherpsychologists,providesvaluableinformationonhowtochangeabadmood.

Ofallthemoodsthatpeoplewanttoescape,rageseemstobethehardesttodealwith.Whensomeoneinanothercarcutsyouoffonthehighway,yourreflexivethoughtmaybe:Thatjerk!Hecouldhavehitme!Ican’tlethimgetawaywiththat!Themoreyoustew,theangrieryouget.Suchisthestuffofhypertensionandrecklessdriving.

Whatshouldyoudotorelieverage?Onemythisthatventilatingwillmakeyoufeelbetter.Infact,researchershavefoundthat’soneoftheworststrategies.Amoreeffectivetechniqueis“refraining”,whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency.Thisisoneofthemostpotentways,Ticefound,toputangertorest.

Goingoffalonetocoolclownisalsoaneffectivewaytorefuseanger,especiallyifyoucan’tthinkclearly.Ticefoundthatalargeproportionofmencooldownbygoingforadrive—afindingthatinspiredhertodrivemoredefensively.Asaferalternativeisexercise,suchastakingalongwalk.Whateveryoudo,don’twastethetimepursuingyourtrainofangerthoughts.Youraimshouldbetodistractyourself.

Thetechniquesofreframinganddistractioncanalleviatedepressionandanxietyaswellasanger.Addtothemsuchrelaxationtechniquesasdeepbreathingandmeditationandyouhaveanarsenalofweaponsagainstbadmoods.

1.Whataregutfeelings?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theimportanceofknowingone’sgutfeelingsisthat().

3.Theword“spice”inParagraph6isclosedinmeaningto().

4.Theessenceof“refraining”inParagraph9is().

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Theyarefeelingoneisbornwith.

B.Theyarefeelingsonemaybeunawareof.

C.Theyarefeelingsoffearandanxiety.

D.Theyarefeelingsfeltbysensiblepeople.

問題2選項

A.onecandevelopthem

B.onecancallother’sattentiontothem

C.onemaygetridofthem

D.onemaycontrolthem

問題3選項

A.addinterestto

B.lengthen

C.makedull

D.bringintoexistence

問題4選項

A.toforgettheunpleasantsituation

B.toadoptapositiveattitude

C.toprotectoneselfproperly

D.toavoidroadaccidents

問題5選項

A.WhatisEmotionalIntelligence?

B.HowtoDevelopEmotionalIntelligence.

C.StrategiesforGettingRidofFoulMoods.

D.HowtoControlone’sGutFeelings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“gutfeelings”定位到第三段第二句話“Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem”(直覺可能在一個人沒有意識到的情況下發(fā)生)可知,直覺是人們可能沒有意識到的感覺。A選項“它們是天生的”沒有原文依據(jù);C選項“它們是恐懼和焦慮的感覺”錯誤,直覺包括很多種感覺;D選項“它們是理智的人所感受到的感情”錯誤,人都會有直覺,沒有理性和感性之分。因此B選項正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。由題干定位到第四段倒數(shù)一、二句話“Hemaybeawareofhisirritabilityandsurprisedwhensomeonecallsattentiontoit.Butifheevaluateshisfeelings,hecanchangethem”(他可能意識到了自己的易怒,當(dāng)有人提醒他時,他會感到驚訝。但如果他評估自己的感受,他就能改變。)可知既然可以改變,那就是可以控制的。A選項“可以開發(fā)它們”、B選項“一個人可以引起別人的注意”、C選項“人們可以擺脫它們”均說法錯誤,文中沒有相關(guān)表述。因此D選項正確。

第3題:語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“spice”定位到第六段“MoodManagement.Badaswellasgoodmoodsspicelifeandbuildcharacter.Thekeyisbalance”(情緒管理。好心情和壞心情可以豐富生活,塑造性格。關(guān)鍵是平衡)可知spice是豐富的意思,即給生活增加樂趣。A選項“增加樂趣”;B選項“延長”、C選項“乏味”、D選項“產(chǎn)生”三項與該處語義不符。因此A選項正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“refraining”定位到第九段“Amoreeffectivetechniqueis‘refraining’,whichmeansconsciouslyreinterpretingasituationinamorepositivelight.Inthecaseofthedriverwhocutsyouoff,youmighttellyourself:Maybehehadsomeemergency”(一種更有效的方法是“克制”,這意味著有意識地以一種更積極的態(tài)度重新解釋當(dāng)前的情況。對于插隊的司機(jī),你可以告訴自己:也許他遇到了緊急情況)可知遇到問題時要克制自己,當(dāng)遇到插隊的司機(jī)時的想法告訴我們要用積極的態(tài)度去思考這些問題。A選項“忘記不愉快的處境”;C選項“妥善保護(hù)自己”、D選項“避免交通意外”三項不是本質(zhì),而是具體可以怎么去讓自己的處境變得舒緩一點的方法,所以排除。因此B選項正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。由題干定位到第一段最后一句話“Followingaretwoofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped…”(以下是構(gòu)成情商的兩個主要品質(zhì),以及如何開發(fā)它們……)可知本文主要圍繞如何開發(fā)情商所展開。A選項“什么是情商”概括不全面,文章不是主要講了情商的定義,有簡單的提及;C選項“擺脫壞心情的策略”、D選項“如何控制自己的直覺”兩項都是如何開發(fā)情商的不同的兩個方法,不能概括整個文章的主旨大意,所以排除。因此B選項正確。

3.單選題

Whydoesacompanywantto(1)itsmoneywithotherpeople?Thereareseveralreasons.First,thecompanymay(2)verywell.Itmayneedmoneyto(3).Bysellingsharesof

(4),thecompanycangetthemoneyitneeds.Sometimes,itis(5)forthecompanytogopublicfortaxreasons.Becauseofthetax(6),thecompanymaysavemoneyontaxesbysellingsharesonthestockexchange.Sometimes,acompanymayowealotofmoney(7)

However,thereasonswhycompaniesselltheirstocksonthestockexchangeareoften(8).Ingeneral,allcompanies(9)sellsharesofstockonthestockexchangeneedto(10)moneyforonereasonoranother.Investors(11)buysharesofstockinacompanymaymakemoneyintwoways.Theymaybegintomakemoney(12).Supposethatapersoninvestsinacompany,andthecompanymakesmoney.Thecompanysharesthismoneywiththe(13).Thismoneythatissharediscalleda(14).Dividendsareusuallysenttoinvestorsonceeverythreemonthswhilethey(15)thestock.Asecondwaythatinvestorsmay(16)istosellthestockatahigherpricethanthey(17)

ofeachshareofstockgoesupifthecompanydoeswell.Itmayalso(19)formanyotherreasons.Butwhenitdoesgoup,apersonmaysellitandmakea(20).

問題1選項

A.distract

B.permeate

C.share

D.recede

問題2選項

A.havedone

B.bedoing

C.do

D.havebeendoing

問題3選項

A.perplex

B.dominate

C.integrate

D.expand

問題4選項

A.utilities

B.contributions

C.earnings

D.laws

問題5選項

A.to

B.for

C.on

D.from

問題6選項

A.complex

B.essential

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

問題7選項

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.while

問題8選項

A.locate

B.admit

C.proclaim

D.raise

問題9選項

A.stake

B.stock

C.stalk

D.stack

問題10選項

A.potential

B.advantageous

C.sensitive

D.actual

問題11選項

A.who

B.which

C.until

D.if

問題12選項

A.bymistake

B.todate

C.onearth

D.rightaway

問題13選項

A.observer

B.director

C.investor

D.instructor

問題14選項

A.tuition

B.postage

C.tip

D.dividend

問題15選項

A.offer

B.own

C.convince

D.equip

問題16選項

A.sellmoney

B.sharemoney

C.takemoney

D.makemoney

問題17選項

A.confronted

B.extracted

C.spilled

D.paid

問題18選項

A.price

B.investment

C.cost

D.value

問題19選項

A.tightenup

B.stockup

C.goup

D.stirup

問題20選項

A.profit

B.benefit

C.award

D.input

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:D

第11題:A

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

第16題:D

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:A

【解析】(1)distract轉(zhuǎn)移,分心,一般與介詞from搭配;permeate滲透;share分享,常與介詞with搭配;recede退去,減弱。根據(jù)原文:為什么一個公司想要和其他人分享它的資金呢?選項C更符合原文。

(2)may是情態(tài)動詞,后面接be動詞或動詞原形。根據(jù)后面的well可知,本題還考查doingwell的搭配。選項B正確。

(3)perplex使困惑;dominate控制,支配,占優(yōu)勢;integrate一體化;expand擴(kuò)張。句意:它可能需要資金來擴(kuò)張。選項D符合。

(4)sharesofstock股票,股份。為固定搭配。

(5)這里為形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:有時,由于稅收原因,上市對公司是有利的。

(6)句意:根據(jù)稅法的規(guī)定,公司可以通過在證券交易所出售股票來節(jié)省稅款。Taxlaws指稅收的法律。

(7)考查固定搭配。oweto為固定搭配,指“欠...”,這里指公司可能欠銀行很多錢。。

(8)根據(jù)下文“foronereasonoranother”這樣或者那樣的原因,說明公司在證券交易所出售股票的原因往往很復(fù)雜。選項A符合原文。

(9)句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整,說明不缺成分,that在這里引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句,不充當(dāng)任何成分,解釋說明company。

(10)根據(jù)上文“Bysellingsharesofstock,itmaybeabletopaythebanks.”通過出售股票,它也許能夠支付欠銀行的錢。所以這里應(yīng)該是籌集資金。選項D正確。

(11)先行詞是investors,表人用who來引導(dǎo)從句。

(12)bymistake錯誤的;todate迄今為止;onearth究竟,到底;rightaway立刻,馬上。根據(jù)原文:購買公司股票的投資者可以通過兩種方式賺錢。他們可能會馬上開始賺錢。選項D符合原文。

(13)根據(jù)上文,假設(shè)一個人投資了一家公司,這家公司賺了錢,公司應(yīng)該會與這位投資者分享這筆錢,選項C正確。

(14)tuition學(xué)費;postage郵費;tip小費;dividend紅利,股息。顯然選項D更符合原文。句意:這些被分享的錢叫做紅利。

(15)own擁有,持有,這里根據(jù)投資者指持有的股票進(jìn)行分紅。

(16)根據(jù)上文“Investorswhobuysharesofstockinacompanymaymakemoneyintwoways.”購買公司股票的投資者可以通過兩種方式賺錢,前面介紹了一種賺錢方式,這里應(yīng)該是第二種賺錢的方式。選項D符合原文。

(17)根據(jù)原文:投資者可能賺錢的第二種方式是以高于買入時的價格賣出股票。選項D符合原文。

(18)根據(jù)原文:如果公司業(yè)績好,每股股票的價格就會上漲。選項A符合原文。

(19)根據(jù)上下文均出現(xiàn)了goup可知,此處也應(yīng)為goup,選項C符合原文,指價格上漲。

(20)makeaprofit為固定搭配,指獲利,盈利。句意:當(dāng)價格上漲時,人們可能會賣掉它并從中獲利。

4.單選題

Frenchareelegantpeople.Theyareartistsineverydaylife,havingaverygoodtasteineverything.Theydon'tlikeAmericantouristswearingjeanstogointotheirluxuriousandexquisitefive-starrestaurants.Sooneoftherestaurantsputanoticeoutsideitsfrontdoor.Itread“Notrousers,please!”

AgourmetcoffeewassoldinTokyoasanantidotetostress.Itsnamesupposedlymeanttopeoplethatitwouldsmooththetroubledbreast.YetwhenitwasprintedinEnglish,itturnedouttobe“EaseYourBosoms”.

SwedesstartedapromotionstunttopromotethesalesoftheirvacuumcleanernamedElectro.Theiroriginaladsloganwastranslatedas“NothingsucksLikeElectro”.

TheGeneralMotors'sellingofChevroletwasverybadinSouthAmerica.Andthereason?Thetranslationofthisbrandsoundslike“nova”,whichmeans“Itdoesn'tgo”inSpanish.

WhenPepsi-colainvadedthehugeChineseandGermanmarkets,theeffortsinitiallyfizzled.Theproduct'sslogan,“ComealivewiththePepsigeneration,”wasrenderedintoGermanas“comeoutofthegravewithPepsi.”Coca-ColaalsodiscoveredsomethinghadgonewronginTaiwan.TheChinesecharacterschosenfortheworld-famousproductsoundlike“BitetheWaxTadpole.”

Abeercompany’sslogan“Turnitloose”became,inSpanish,equivalentto“sufferfromdiarrhea.”

AcompanytranslateditsstickytapesloganintoJapaneseandcameupwithastickyproblem.

Theslogan“Stickslikecrazy”becameliterally“itsticksfoolishly”inJapanese.

AtonicproducedinChinaismadeofroyaljellyandissupposedtobeveryeffectiveforsomechronicdiseases.Yetitwastranslatedas“oralliquid”,whichmeans“saliva”inEnglish.Inthebrochure,itwasdescribedinthisway:“ittasteslikemedicine”,whenthelanguageintheoriginalmeanttouseitasafoodtherapy.

Eventhewrongnonverbalcuecanbringhavoctoaproduct.AbabyfoodcompanyinitiallypackagedtheirAfricanproductsjustthesameasintheUS—withacutebabypictureonthejar.Theydidn'trealizethatbecausesomanyAfricanscannotread,nearlyallpackagedproductssoldinAfricacarrypicturesofwhatisinside.Pureedbaby!Howhorrible!

InanAsiancity,wheretrafficisreallyverybad,tosecurepeople'ssafety,themunicipalgovernmenthasbuiltundergroundpassageways.Pedestriansareaskedtousethemwhenevertheyneedtocrossthemainstreet.Asignwaspostedonceontheroadside,pointingtotheentrancetoanundergroundpassageway,intendingtonotifyEnglish-speakingpassengers,“Gounderground.”

Wechuckledatsuchclumsytranslations.Isthereanythingwronginthelanguage?Wemustbeawarethatfewwordsandidiomscanbeliterallytranslated.It'sbesttohirethebestfortranslation.Don'ttakeitforgrantedthataslongasonespeaksalittleEnglish,heisautonomouslyabletodothetranslation.Ittakesawhiletolearntobeagoodtranslator.

1.“Notrousers,please!”soundsfunnyonthefrontdoorofafive-starrestaurant,becauseitcouldmean“()”inEnglish.

2.Fromthepassage,youmayguessthatChevroletismostprobably().

3.Anyproductwithacutebabypictureonthejarwillmostprobably()inAfrica,accordingtotheauthor.

4.TheChinesecharacterschosenforCoca-Cola()inTaiwanfirst.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.Takeoffyourtrousers,thencomein,please

B.Wedon’tsellanytrousershere

C.Wedon’thaveanypairsoftrousershere

D.Anyonewhodoesnotweartrousersisnotwelcome

問題2選項

A.shoesofsomekindthatSouthAmericanslike

B.thebrandnameofakindofvehicle

C.apetanimalwhichrunsfast

D.awordinSpanishwhichhasaverybadmeaning

問題3選項

A.sellwell

B.receivefavorableattention

C.causegreatinterest

D.bringanendtotheproduct

問題4選項

A.werewellreceived

B.hadawrongname

C.soundedterribleinthelanguage

D.wereallterriblewords

問題5選項

A.Clumsytranslationscansometimesproducethedesiredeffect.

B.Weshouldnottakeitforgrantedthatanythingcanbetranslated.

C.Fewwordsandidiomscanbeliterallytranslated.

D.Clumsytranslationcouldmeanmorethanjustalaughingmatter.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“Theydon'tlikeAmericantouristswearingjeanstogointotheirluxuriousandexquisitefive-starrestaurants.”,他們不喜歡別人穿著牛仔褲走進(jìn)豪華的五星級酒店,希望人們有好的品味。但是在英文里,這句話的意思是“請不要穿褲子!”。選項A符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段,“Thetranslationofthisbrandsoundslike“nova”,whichmeans“Itdoesn'tgo”inSpanish.”,雪佛蘭汽車的牌子翻譯成西班牙語,有“不走”的意思。選項D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第九段,“Theydidn'trealizethatbecausesomanyAfricanscannotread,nearlyallpackagedproductssoldinAfricacarrypicturesofwhatisinside.Pureedbaby!Howhorrible!”,可知因為非洲人不識字,外包裝上的圖案就是罐子里面銷售的產(chǎn)品,所以對產(chǎn)品來說是一種破壞。選項D符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段,“Coca-ColaalsodiscoveredsomethinghadgonewronginTaiwan.TheChinesecharacterschosenfortheworld-famousproductsoundlike“BitetheWaxTadpole.”??煽诳蓸吩谂_灣語言中聽起來像“BitetheWaxTadpole”這種可怕的意思。選項C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題??v觀全文,根據(jù)文章最后一段,“Wechuckledatsuchclumsytranslations.Isthereanythingwronginthelanguage?Wemustbeawarethatfewwordsandidiomscanbeliterallytranslated.”。笨拙的翻譯不僅有點可笑,并且還會帶來很多不好的影響,排除選項D。并且提到有些文字和習(xí)語不能逐字逐句地翻譯,排除選項C。文章并未提及笨拙的翻譯能夠帶來預(yù)期的效果。選項A符合題意。

5.單選題

Apersonwhoisfoundguiltyofembezzlementmayberequiredto(

)hispropertyaspenalty.

問題1選項

A.concede

B.defray

C.forfeit

D.gape

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。Concede“承認(rèn),退讓”;defray“支出,支付”;forfeit“喪失”;gape“裂開,張開”。句意:被發(fā)現(xiàn)犯有貪污罪的人,會被要求沒收財產(chǎn)作為處罰。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

Theterroristskidnappedthedirectorofthecompanyanddemandedalargesumsofmoneyforhis().

問題1選項

A.liberty

B.relief

C.relaxation

D.release

【答案】D

【解析】上下文語義。句意:恐怖分子綁架了這家公司的經(jīng)理,要求得到一大筆錢才會釋放他。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses.“B2E—business-to-employee—didn’thaveacrash,”saysBipinPatel,inchargeofdevelopingthepotentialofthecorporateintranetattheFordMotorCompany,“It’sstillgrowing.”

Fordhasgonefurtherthanmostcompaniestogetitsemployeesonline:itoffereditsAmericanemployeespersonalcomputers,and90%ofthemaccepted.FordhopesthatthefreePCswillsaveitsownanditsemployees’timebymovingservicesonline.GeneralMotors,Ford’sgreatrival,consideredasimilarschemebutfoundthatmostemployeeswillingtousePCsalreadyhadthem.Itishelpingstafftopayforhigh-bandwidthconnectionsinstead.

AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.Inthepast,employeessometimesfoundthatittookweekstogetacopyofthepayinformationtheyneededtodotheirtaxreturns,andthedepartment’sstaffspentmind-numbinghoursansweringthesamequestionsfromhundredsofdifferentemployees.Nowemployeescanlookatapassword-protectedsitethatdisplaystheirpayslipsovertheprevious18months.Theycanseealldeductions,andthehourstheyworked.Allthisinformationwasonthehuman-resourcesdatabase:displayingittoemployeeshassavedstafftime.

“Peoplewantmoreandmoreofthisself-serviceinformation,whichtheycanmanagethemselves,”observesMr.Patel.“Thereisnosuchthingasinformationoverloadherebecauseit’stheirinformation.”Eventrainingseemstoworkbetteronline:Fordemployeescannowdownloadarangeofcourses,includingoneon“ListeningandHandlingToughSituations”,alldesignedfordigestionin10-or15-minutegobbets.Thecompanyclaimstohavecuttrainingcostsby$2millionduringthepastsixmonths,asfewerpeopleleavetheirdeskstolearn.

Thecompanyalsousesitsintranettocommunicatewithitsstaffaroundtheworld.JacquesNasser,Ford’sboss,sendsout“Let’schat”notesonceaweek.Infact,Mr.Nasserdoesmostofthechatting.HegetshundredsofE-mailsinreply,butthecommunicationisbasicallyaone-wayflow.Thecompanyalsorunschatrooms,inwhichemployeescanquestionvariousin-houseexpertsandoutsideanalystsliveonthecorporateintranet.

Intime,thinksMr.Patel,communicationstechnologywillreshapecorporatebehavior.Itwillencouragecollaborationandteam-working.Already,theInternetiscausingdisintermediationwithincompanies,heargues,justasitdidine-commerce:thehuman-resourcesdepartmentdoesmuchlessadministrationoncethebenefitssystemismoreself-service,butrathermoreadvisingandconsulting.Oneday,workinginhumanresourcesmightevenbefun.

61.Howdoestheauthorintroducehistopic?

62.WhydidFordandGMintendtoprovidetheiremployeeswithPCs?

63.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofInternet?

64.Theexpression“aone-wayflow”mostprobablymeans____.

65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項

A.Explainingaphenomenon.

B.Posingacontrast.

C.Justifyinganassumption.

D.Makingacomparison.

問題2選項

A.ProvidngPCsisawayofcompetition.

B.B2Eisagrowingthing.

C.PCscanhelpthemsavealot.

D.TheemployeesprefertousePCs.

問題3選項

A.Itcansavecost.

B.Itcansavetime.

C.Itmakeshuman-resourcesdepartmentaneasyjob.

D.Itencouragescollaborationandteam-working.

問題4選項

A.notencouragingopenanswers

B.onlyonesideaskingquestions

C.onlyyesornoquestions

D.thetopicslackvariety

問題5選項

A.Theemployeescanmanagealltheinformationbythemselves.

B.TheInternetcanhelpDOTCOMScomebacktolife.

C.TheInternetmakestheworkofhuman-resourcesdepartmentmoredirectandinteresting.

D.Thecoursesdownloadedarepractical,buttime-consuming.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】61.判斷推理題。題干“作者是如何引入主題的?”本文第1句DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses(網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司可能奄奄一息,但在公司內(nèi)部,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)仍在尋找節(jié)省成本的新途徑),擺出觀點;接著舉例論證該觀點,舉FordMotorCompany(福特汽車公司)的例子,介紹該公司是怎么節(jié)省成本;最后一段,通過福特公司的例子進(jìn)一步展望通信技術(shù)將重塑企業(yè)行為。C選項“論證一個假設(shè)”比較符合原文。A選項“解釋一種現(xiàn)象”、B選項“設(shè)置一個對照”、D選項“進(jìn)行對比”,均未體現(xiàn)。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

62.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為什么福特和通用打算給他們的員工提供個人電腦”,可定位到第1段第4句FordhopesthatthefreePCswillsaveitsownanditsemployees’timebymovingservicesonline.(福特公司希望免費的個人電腦通過將服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)移到網(wǎng)上節(jié)省公司和員工的時間。)由此可知,公司這么做的原因是為了節(jié)省時間。C選項“個人電腦可以幫他們節(jié)省很多”表述符合原文。A選項“提供個人電腦是一種競爭方式”、B選項“B2E正在發(fā)展中”、D選項“員工更喜歡使用個人電腦”,原文均不符合題意,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

63.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“以下哪項不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的優(yōu)勢?”A選項“它可以節(jié)省成本”,可定位到第3段最后一句Thecompanyclaimstohavecuttrainingcostsby$2millionduringthepastsixmonths,asfewerpeopleleavetheirdeskstolearn.(該公司聲稱,在過去6個月里,由于離開辦公桌去學(xué)習(xí)的人越來越少,培訓(xùn)成本降低了200萬美元。)由此可知,公司利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供線上培訓(xùn)課程,大大節(jié)省了培訓(xùn)成本,選項表述正確,排除;B選項“這樣可以節(jié)省時間”,可定位到第2段最后一句Allthisinformationwasonthehuman-resourcesdatabase:displayingittoemployeeshassavedstafftime.(所有這些信息都在人力資源數(shù)據(jù)庫中:向員工展示這些信息可以節(jié)省員工的時間。)由此可知,公司利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)建立人力資源信息庫,大大節(jié)省了員工的時間,選項表述正確,排除;C選項“這讓人力資源部門的工作變得簡單”,可定位到最后一段最后一句thehuman-resourcesdepartmentdoesmuchlessadministrationoncethebenefitssystemismoreself-service,butrathermoreadvisingandconsulting.Oneday,workinginhumanresourcesmightevenbefun.(一旦福利系統(tǒng)變得更加自助式,人力資源部門的行政管理工作就會大大減少,而會更多地提供建議和咨詢。有一天,在人力資源部門工作甚至可能會很有趣。)由此可知,雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)減少了人力資源部門的行政管理工作,但是增加了建議和咨詢工作,可能會讓工作更有趣,但并沒有讓工作變得更簡單。選項表述錯誤。D選項“它鼓勵合作和團(tuán)隊合作”,可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第1句Thecompanyalsousesitsintranettocommunicatewithitsstaffaroundtheworld.(該公司還利用內(nèi)部網(wǎng)與世界各地的員工進(jìn)行溝通。)由此可知,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)促進(jìn)了公司員工之間的溝通。最后一段第2句Itwillencouragecollaborationandteam-working.(它將鼓勵合作和團(tuán)隊合作。)由此可知,選項表述正確,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

64.語義推測題。題干“aone-wayflow這個短語最有可能的意思是____”可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第4句HegetshundredsofE-mailsinreply,butthecommunicationisbasicallyaone-wayflow.(他收到了數(shù)百封電子郵件的回復(fù),但交流基本上是____。)由此可知,one-wayflow的意思是溝通是單向的,即老板提出問題,員工只做回答,不會向老板提問,B選項“只有一方提出問題”最符合語境;A選項“不鼓勵公開回答”、C選項“只有是或否的問題”、D選項“主題缺乏多樣性”不符合語境。因此,本題最佳選項為B。

65.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)文章,下列哪個選項是正確的?”A選項“員工可以自己管理所有的信息”,可定位到第2段第1句AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.(在福特公司,人力資源部門首創(chuàng)了一項計劃,向員工提供有關(guān)工資和福利的最新信息。)由此可知,并不是所有的信息,而是有關(guān)工資和福利的信息,另外,也不是由員工自己管理,而是向員工開放這些信息,選項表述錯誤,排除;B選項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以幫助網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司起死回生”,可定位到第1段第1句DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses.(網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司可能奄奄一息,但在公司內(nèi)部,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)仍在尋找節(jié)省成本的新用途。)由此可知,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)只是在奄奄一息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司內(nèi)部,有助于節(jié)省成本,原文并無關(guān)于起死回生的表述,選項表述錯誤,排除;C選項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使人力資源部門的工作更加直接和有趣”,可定位到第2段第1句AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.(在福特公司,人力資源部門首創(chuàng)了一項計劃,向員工提供有關(guān)工資和福利的最新信息。)由此可知,人力資源部門向員工直接提供工資和福利相關(guān)信息,即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓人力資源部門的工作更加直接。最后一段最后一句Oneday,workinginhumanresourcesmightevenbefun.(有一天,在人力資源部門工作甚至可能會很有趣。)綜上,選項表述與原文相符;D選項“下載的課程很實用,但很耗時”,可定位到第3段倒數(shù)第2句Fordemployeescannowdownloadarangeofcourses…alldesignedfordigestionin10-or15-minutegobbets.(福特員工現(xiàn)在可以下載一系列課程……所有課程都是為10到15分鐘的時間消化而設(shè)計的。)由此可知,下載的課程時長很短,并不耗時,選項表述錯誤,排除。因此,本題最佳選項為C。

8.問答題

With(A)thewordscientistwemeanonewhoisequippedto(B)spendalifetimefor(C)theadvancementofsciencetothebest(D)ofone'sability.

【答案】試題答案:A;by

【解析】考查介詞用法。with意為“和,同,具有”,此處表示“根據(jù)科學(xué)家這個詞,我們說的是一個……”,因此用by(根據(jù),按照)。

9.單選題

ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilder(筑堤人)culturewasdeclining,perhapsbecauseofattacksfromothertribesorperhapsbecauseofsevereclimaticchangesthatunderminedagriculture.Tothewestanotherculture,basedonintensiveagriculture,wasbeginningtoflourish.Itscenterwasbeneathpresent-daySt.Louis,anditradiatedouttoencompassmostoftheMississippiwatershed,fromWisconsintoLouisiansandfromOklahomatoTennessee.Thousandsofvillageswereincludedinitsorbit.ByaboutA.D.700thisMississippianculture,asisknowntoarchaeologists,begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes.LiketheMoundBuildersoftheOhioregion,thesetribes,probablyinfluencedbyMeso-Americanculturesthroughtradeandwarfare,builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces.Thelargestofthem,risinginfourterracestoaheightofonehundredfeet,hasarectangularbaseofnearlyfifteenacres,largerthanthatoftheGreatPyramidofEgypt.BuiltbetweenA.D.900and1100thishugeearthworkfacesthesiteofapalisaded(用柵圍護(hù))Indiancitywhichcontainedmorethanonehundredsmallartificialmoundsmarkingburialsites.Spreadamongthemwasavastsettlementcontainingsome30000peoplebycurrentestimations.ThefinelycraftedornamentsandtoolsrecoveredatCahokia,asthiscenterofMississippicultureiscalled,includeelaborateceramics(陶器)finelysculptedstonework,carefullyembossedandengravedcopperandmica(云母)sheets,andonefuneralblanketfashionedfrom12000shellbeads.TheyindicatethatCahokiawasatrueurbancenter,withclusteredhousing,markets,andspecialistsintoolmaking,hide-dressing,potting,jewelry-making,weaving,andsalt-making.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Theparagraphprecedingthisonemostprobablydiscussed(

).

3.InrelationtotheMississippianculture,theMoundBuilderculturewas

located(

).

4.TheMississippiancultureinfluencedthecultureofthe(

5.Accordingtothepassage,themoundswereusedas(

).

問題1選項

A.TheMississippianculture.

B.ThedeclineofMoundBuilderculture.

C.ThearchitectureofMeso-AmericanIndians.

D.Theeasternwoodlandstribes.

問題2選項

A.theMoundBuilderculture

B.warfareinAD500

C.thegeographyoftheMississippiarea

D.agricultureneartheMississippiRiver

問題3選項

A.inessentiallythesamearea

B.farthersouthalongthewatershed

C.totheeast

D.tothewest

問題4選項

A.easternwoodlandtribes

B.MoundBuilders

C.Meso-Americans

D.Egyptians

問題5選項

A.palacesfortheroyalfamilies

B.fortressesfordefense

C.centersforconductingtrade

D.placesforburyingthedead

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。作者以時間為軸線介紹了密西西比文化。

2.推斷題。第一句為:ByaboutA.D.500theMoundBuilder(筑堤人)culturewasdeclining,緊接著這種文化衰退的兩個可能性的因素,進(jìn)而又講述了另一種文化的繁榮。因此推測上一段應(yīng)該是關(guān)于'theMoundBuilderculture’。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。文章介紹完‘筑堤人文化’之后接著說到‘Tothewestanotherculture/因此可以得知‘密西西比文化位于筑堤人文化的西邊。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。文章指出:begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeofmostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes(密西西比文化開始向東影響大多數(shù)技術(shù)落后的林地部落的生活)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。文章指出:builtgiganticmoundsasburialandceremonialplaces(‘themounds'是用來做葬禮和祭祀的地方)。

10.不定項選擇題

Theword“biodiversity”isatermheardwithincreasingfrequencyintheongoingdebateoverhowbesttoprotecttheworld’senvironment,andmorespecifically,howtopreserveitsrapidlydwindlingnumbersofplantandanimalspecies.Inverygeneralterms,“biodiversity”referstothenumberofplantandanimalspeciesthatcanbefoundinaparticularhabitatorecosystem.Thisisapparentlyaverysimpleconcept,butthesimplicityofitbeliesitssignificance.Abetterpopularunderstandingoftherealmeaningofbiodiversityandofitsimportancetothecircumsta

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