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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京物資學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Asordinarypeople,scientistsarebynomeansmorehonestor()thanotherpeople,butasscientist,theyattachspecialvaluetohonestwhiletheyareintheirworkingsphere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aesthetic

B.ethnic

C.esthetic

D.ethical

【答案】D

【解析】句意:作為普通人,科學(xué)家絕不會(huì)比其他人更誠實(shí)、更講道德,但是,在工作中,他們則更為重視誠實(shí)。

考查形容詞辨析。aesthetic藝術(shù)的,美學(xué)的:ethnic種族的;esthetic審美的;ethical倫理的,道德的。Or連接honest(誠實(shí)的)和空格,因此空格處應(yīng)填入與honest相近且并列的詞,故選D。

2.單選題

Ijustlearntfrom’'InterculturalEducation"coursethatanEnglishmanseldom()aconversationamongstrangers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.breaksdown

B.givesriseto

C.initiates

D.resumes

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞和詞組。A選項(xiàng)breakdown表示“分解,發(fā)生故障”,B選項(xiàng)giveriseto表示“使發(fā)生,引起”,C選項(xiàng)initiates表示“啟動(dòng),開始”,D選項(xiàng)resume表示“重新開始,重新回到,重新占用”。由句意可知,我剛從“跨文化教育”課程中了解到,英國(guó)人很少與陌生人對(duì)話??杖碧巻卧~需與conversation構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓短語,表示“發(fā)起會(huì)話”,因此只有initiate最符合語境,故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Theindomitablespiritdisplayedbyathletesembodiesthenewlookofthisnation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.specific

B.unsubduable

C.determined

D.industrious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)specific“特定的”;B選項(xiàng)unsubduable“不屈不撓的”;C選項(xiàng)determined“堅(jiān)決的”;D選項(xiàng)industrious“勤勉的”。句意:運(yùn)動(dòng)員們不屈不撓的精神體現(xiàn)了這個(gè)國(guó)家的新面貌。劃線部分indomitable是不屈不撓的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hisintelligenceandexperiencewillenablehimto()thecomplicatedsituation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.copewith

B.settledown

C.intervenein

D.interferewith

【答案】A

【解析】copewith處理,應(yīng)對(duì);settledown定居;intervenein干預(yù),插手;interferewith干擾,妨礙。句意:他的智慧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)將使他能夠應(yīng)付復(fù)雜的局面。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

His()thighswerebarelystrongenoughtosupporttheweightofhisbody.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inanimate

B.rustic

C.malleable

D.shrunken

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。inanimate“死氣沉沉的,無生氣的,單調(diào)的”;rustic“鄉(xiāng)村的”;malleable“有延展性的,可鍛的,可塑的”;shrunken“縮小的”。句意:他那毫無生氣的大腿還不足以強(qiáng)壯到支撐他的身體。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Catherine

won'tmindifyou()her

workload—sheneedstheextramoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amountto

B.addto

C.putup

D.goon

【答案】B

【解析】amountto指等于,意味著;addto指增大;putup指呈現(xiàn);goon指繼續(xù)。句意:Catherine不會(huì)介意你加大她的工作量,她急需用錢。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

7.單選題

Thevirusattackstheplant,theflowerdoesnotopen,and()noseedsareproduced.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consequently

B.subsequently

C.simultaneously

D.spontaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副詞辨析題。consequently因此,結(jié)果;subsequently隨后,后來;simultaneously同時(shí)地;spontaneously自發(fā)地,不由自主地。句意:病毒攻擊植物,花不能開放,因此種子也沒有發(fā)芽。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是因果聯(lián)系,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

8.單選題

MykidstellmethatIam“so20thcentury”,whichtroublesme.Apersonlikestofeelthatheis“withit”,asweusedtosayinthe20thcentury.

SoIhavebeenthinkinghowImightchangemyselfintoatrue21st-centuryman.Clearly,inmyadvancedstateofageIwouldbefoolishtoattemptsomewildleapintothecontemporaryfashion.Andanyway,mydistinctivetasteattractsmuchfavorablecomment.

Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.HowcouldIhavelivedforhalfacenturywithoutafingerprint-operatedfrontdoor?(“Neverlockyourselfoutofyourhomeagain!”)Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)Orautomaticgardensprinklerswhicharesosmartthattheyturnthemselvesoffwhenitstartstorain?Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.

Besides,thosewerejustthesimplerthings.Forthetruesmarthomeowner,aplasma(等離子)TVfireplaceisamust.Atfirstglanceit’sjustanelectricfirewithamantelpiece,butpressyourremoteandagiantTVscreenrisesfromthemantelpiece.“Thieveswon’tevenknowit’sthere,”aspokesmanclaimed.Justaswell.At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.They’reoldhat.Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat£18.000to£25,000foranaveragehome.Hmm.Iwon’tbeenteringthe21stcenturyjustyet,then.

1.Tobe“21stcentury”,theauthordecidedto().

2.Theauthor’scommentonthevacuumcleanerimpliesthat().

3.Whatisthemostrevolutionarysmarthometechnologyaccordingtotheauthor?

4.TheSmartHomeShow().

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuyingthesmarthomeproducts?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.movetoanewhouse

B.changethewayhelived

C.improvehisdressingstyle

D.talkinthemosttrendyfashion

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hebelievedthatitwasuseless

B.hewantedtopurchaseonehimself

C.hehatedtocauseinconvenience

D.hethoughtthatitwasnotworththeeffort

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheplasmaTVfireplace.

B.Theautomaticgardensprinkler.

C.MirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.

D.Heatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.seemedtoogoodtobetrue

B.wasatrueeye-openerfortheauthor

C.leftanegativeimpressionontheauthor

D.appealedlesstothemiddle-andold-aged

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hewasinterested,butfoundthemtooexpensive.

B.Hewasfascinated,anddeterminedtobuythem.

C.Hewasn’tattracted,andwouldn’tbuythem.

D.Hewasn’tsure,sohewouldratherwaitandsee.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“要變得‘21世紀(jì)’,作者決定……”。文章第三段第一句提到Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.(但如果我的服裝太有特色而無法改變,也許我應(yīng)該改變一下我的生活方式),由此可知B項(xiàng)“改變生活方式”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“搬進(jìn)一個(gè)新房子”,文章最后一段提到There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat£18.000to£25,000foranaveragehome.(只有一個(gè)問題:一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8萬至2.5萬英鎊之間),由此可知作者搬進(jìn)一個(gè)新房子的可能性不是很大;C項(xiàng)“改善著裝風(fēng)格”,文章作者提到服裝太有特色而無法改變,所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)“以最時(shí)髦的方式交談”文章沒有提及。故該題選B正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“作者對(duì)真空吸塵器的評(píng)論暗示著……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第五句Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)(真空吸塵器是通過墻壁上的管道系統(tǒng)將灰塵直接吸進(jìn)垃圾箱嗎?你所要做的就是重建你的整個(gè)家),由此可知,要安裝這個(gè)吸塵器還要把房子重新建造一遍,作者認(rèn)為這個(gè)耗時(shí)又耗力,所以D項(xiàng)“覺得不值得這么做”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“相信真空吸塵器沒有用處”,文章作者沒有說這個(gè)吸塵器沒有用處;B項(xiàng)“想要自己買一個(gè)”,內(nèi)容與原文相反;C項(xiàng)“討厭制造麻煩”為干擾項(xiàng),根據(jù)原文中的內(nèi)容,作者不是覺得吸塵器麻煩,而是覺得為了一個(gè)吸塵器來重建房子不值得。故該題選D正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“作者認(rèn)為最具革命性的智能家居技術(shù)是什么?”。第四段最后兩句提到Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens…Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.(但真正的革命發(fā)生在浴室;當(dāng)你洗衣服的時(shí)候,你再也不需要感覺與世界事件隔絕了;忘掉那些變成電視屏幕的鏡子吧;現(xiàn)在浴室里的話題都是加熱毛巾架變成電視),由此可知D項(xiàng)“可以變成電視的加熱毛巾架”正確;C項(xiàng)“可以變成電視屏幕的鏡子”錯(cuò)誤;A項(xiàng)“等離子電視壁爐”,根據(jù)At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.(65,280英鎊,如果它壞了就太可惜了)可知,作者覺得等離子電視壁爐太貴,A項(xiàng)不選;B項(xiàng)“花園自動(dòng)灑水器”,第三段最后一句提到Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.(當(dāng)然,你可以看著窗外,看到正在下雨,然后自己把灑水器關(guān)掉,但那是20世紀(jì)的事了),由此可知,B項(xiàng)也不正確。故該題選D正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“智能家居展……”。第三段第二句提到SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.(所以上周我?guī)ё约喝EC參加智能家居展,這是一個(gè)“致力于智能家居技術(shù)最新趨勢(shì)的展覽”,太令人震驚了),接著第四段和第五段都是智能家居展覽中的一些智能家居的應(yīng)用,根據(jù)作者對(duì)例子的表述和作者的語氣可知B項(xiàng)“讓作者大開眼界”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“看起來太好以至于不真實(shí)”,作者只是提到了很貴,所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)“給作者留下了負(fù)面的印象”和D項(xiàng)“對(duì)中老年人吸引力較小”內(nèi)容與原文相反。故該題選B正確。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對(duì)購買智能家居產(chǎn)品有什么看法?”。根據(jù)文章最后一段Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat£18.000to£25,000foranaveragehome.(夠了!我被說服了:我想要一個(gè)智能家居;但只有一個(gè)問題:一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8萬至2.5萬英鎊之間)可知,作者對(duì)智能家居很感興趣,但是價(jià)格太昂貴了,所以A項(xiàng)“他很感興趣,但覺得太貴了”正確。B項(xiàng)“他被迷住了,決定買下它們”和C項(xiàng)“他沒有興趣,也不會(huì)買”內(nèi)容與原文不符;D項(xiàng)“他不能肯定,所以他寧愿等著瞧”,文章中作者沒有提到要等著瞧,D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A正確。

9.單選題

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Atallchimney.

B.Ahugepieceofrock.

C.Thepeakofamountain.

D.Thestumpofagianttree.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Humanactivity.

B.Chemicalprocesses.

C.Windandwater.

D.Fireandfury.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasbuiltinancienttimes.

B.Itisahistoricalmonument.

C.Itwascreatedbysupernaturalpowers.

D.ItisIndians’sacredplaceforworship.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Bykillingtheattackingbears.

B.Byshelteringtheminacave.

C.Byliftingthemwellabovetheground.

D.Bytakingthemtothetopofamountain.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Devil’sTower,thefirstnationalmonumentinAmerica,couldalmostbemistakenforthestumpofanenormoustree.Itssheerrocksidessweepupfromabroadbaseuntiltheycutoffabruptlyattheflatsummit.Risingmorethan1,000feetinthemiddleofthegentlyrollingplainsofWyoming,themassivecolumnofrock,looksasthoughitwasdroppeddownintothislocationfromadifferenttimeandplace.

Inasense,itwas.Devil’sTowerisarelicofthepastwhenthemeltedrockoftheearth’scoreforceditswaytothesurfacetoformthethroatofavolcano.Asthecenturiespassed,therockcooledandhardened,shrinkingandcrackingintolongcolumns,borninfireandfury.[10]Devil’sTowerwasthenshapedbytheslow,gentleworkofwindandwater.Theouterlayersofthevolcanowerewornawayuntilthehardcorestoodcompletelyexposed.

[11]SmallwonderthatanIndianlegenddescribedDevil’sTowerasbeingformedbysupernaturalpowers.Thelegendsaysthatwhensevengirlswereattackedbybears,theytookrefugeontopofasmallrock,andtheyappealedtotheRockGodforhelp.[12]TheGodcausedtherocktogrowandtoliftthegirlsfarabovetheground,whileitssideswerescoredbytheclawsoftheangrybears.Eventoday,saysthelegend,thegirlscanbeseenabovethetoweringrockassevenshiningstarsinthenightsky.

9.WhatdoesDevil’sTowerlooklike?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問惡魔塔看上去像什么?錄音首句就指出,惡魔塔為美國(guó)的第一個(gè)國(guó)家紀(jì)念碑。因其獨(dú)特的外形,差點(diǎn)被人們誤認(rèn)為是一棵巨大無比的樹樁。因此D選項(xiàng)“巨大的樹樁”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)高大的煙囪”和C選項(xiàng)“一座山的頂峰”在錄音中沒有提及;B選項(xiàng)“一塊巨大的巖石”,錄音有提及惡魔塔實(shí)質(zhì)上是由巨大的巖石構(gòu)成,但題目問的是惡魔塔看上去像什么,因此B選項(xiàng)不符合題干。

10.Whatcausedthevolcano’souterlayertowearaway?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問是什么導(dǎo)致了火山表面的侵蝕?錄音中有提到惡魔塔是如何形成的。它是由巖石冷卻、變硬、收縮和斷裂而最終形成的。在此漫長(zhǎng)過程中,惡魔塔受到風(fēng)化水蝕?;鹕奖砻姹磺治g掉,堅(jiān)硬的中心巖石完全暴露出來。因此,C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“人類活動(dòng)”和B選項(xiàng)“化學(xué)過程”在錄音中均沒有提及;D選項(xiàng)“火的燃燒與灼熱”,錄音中提到此信息是描述惡魔塔所產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境,并不是其外層被侵蝕掉的原因,因此D選項(xiàng)不正確。

11.WhatdoesanIndianlegendsayaboutDevil’sTower?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于惡魔塔的印第安傳說是怎樣的?錄音提到,印第安傳說中說魔鬼塔是由超自然力量形成的。C選項(xiàng)“它是由超自然力量創(chuàng)造的”與錄音原文表述一致,因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它是在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代建造的”和D選項(xiàng)“它是印第安人敬奉的圣地”在錄音中沒有信息提及;B選項(xiàng)“它是一個(gè)歷史紀(jì)念碑”,錄音中雖有提及惡魔塔是一座國(guó)家紀(jì)念碑(nationalmonument),但不等同于歷史紀(jì)念碑(historicalmonument),而且這與題目問的印第安傳說沒有相關(guān)性,因此可排除B選項(xiàng)。

12.HowdidtheRockGodhelpthesevengirlsintheIndianlegend?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問“石神”是如何幫助印第安傳說中的七個(gè)女孩的?錄音最后詳細(xì)講述了這個(gè)關(guān)于惡魔塔的印第安傳說:七個(gè)印第安女孩遇到熊的攻擊。女孩們無處可逃,爬上了小巖石的頂部,向“石神”求助。“石神”讓巖石往上“長(zhǎng)”起來,熊只能用爪子在巖石上抓出一道道的深痕。因此,C選項(xiàng)“從地面上把她們抬升起來”符合原文表述。A選項(xiàng)“殺死攻擊人的熊”;B選項(xiàng)“在山洞里掩護(hù)她們”和D選項(xiàng)“將她們帶到山頂”在錄音中均沒有提及。

10.案例題

Everybodywastestime.Insteadofdoinghishomework,theschoolboywatchestelevision.Insteadofwritingheressaythestudentgoesoutwithherfriends.Theyallhavegoodintentions,buttheykeepputtingoffthemomentwhentheymuststartwork.Asaconsequence,theybegintofeelguilty,andthenwasteevenmoretimewishingtheyhadnotallowedthemselvestobedistracted.

Whensomeoneelseisorganizingourtimeforus,asforinstanceduringlessonsorworkinghours,wedonotnecessarilyworkmoreefficiently,butatleastwearesubjecttothedisciplineofaroutine.Itiswhenweareresponsiblefororganizingourowntimethattheneedforself-disciplinearises.

Iknowtwowriterswhoseemtoworkinquitedifferentways.Bobisextremelymethodical.Hearrivesathisofficeat9a.m.andiscreativeuntil12:30.At2p.m.hereturnstohisdeskandiscreativeuntil5p.m.,whenhegoeshomeandswitchesoffuntilthefollowingmorning.Alan,ontheotherhand,worksininspiredbursts,oftenmissingmealsandsleepinordertogethisideasdownonpaper.Suchperiodsofintenseactivityareusuallyfollowedbydayswhenhepottersaroundhisflat,listeningtoMozartandflickingthroughmagazines.

Theirplacesofworkreflecttheirstyles.Bob'sbooksareneatlyarrangedontheshelves;hecanalwaysfindthebookshewants.Alan,ontheotherhand,hasbooksandmagazinesallovertheplace.Theyareabouteverysubjectunderthesun,mostlyunconnectedwithhiswork.Allthesamehehasaknackofmakinguseoftheunlikelyinformationtoilluminatehisbooks.

1.Peopleoftenwastetheirtimeby().

2.Self-disciplineisneededwhenone().

3.WhydoestheauthorsayBobisextremelymethodical?

4.Alanoftengoeswithoutmealsandsleepwhen().

5.Alanreadsagreatvarietyofbooksandmagazines,sothat().

【答案】1.sparfortime.

2.arrangetimeforhimself.

3.BecauseBobalwaysarrangeswellwithhisdailyscheduleandworkingtools.

4.Allenneedstoburstintothoughtsandrecorditdown,hedoesn'teatnorsleep.

5.sparkinspiration.

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第四句"Theyallhavegoodintentions,buttheykeepputtingoffthemomentwhentheymuststartwork."人們通過拖延時(shí)間而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

2.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Itiswhenweareresponsiblefororganizingourowntimethattheneedforself-disciplinearises."當(dāng)我們組織自己的時(shí)間時(shí),自律的產(chǎn)生就很有必要了。

3.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知:Bob的生活特別規(guī)律,他把自己的作息時(shí)間和工作安排的井并有條,所以作者說鮑勃是一個(gè)非常有條理的人。

4.根據(jù)第三段的倒數(shù)第二句"Alan,ontheotherhand,worksininspiredbursts,oftenmissingmealsandsleepinordertogethisideasdownonpaper."艾倫的作品靈感迸發(fā),經(jīng)常為了把自己的想法寫在紙上而錯(cuò)過吃飯和睡覺。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句"Allthesamehehasaknackofmakinguseoftheunlikelyinformationtoilluminatehisbooks."盡管如此,他還是有辦法利用這些不太可能的信息來照亮他的書。也就是說以便激發(fā)靈感。

11.單選題

These99pearlsandjewelsareworthalotofmoney,(

)andcollectively.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.individually

B.independently

C.irrespectively

D.separately

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)individually“單獨(dú)的,單個(gè)的”;B選項(xiàng)independently“獨(dú)立的,自立的”;C選項(xiàng)irrespectively“無關(guān)地,不考慮地”;D選項(xiàng)separately“分別地;分離地”。填入一個(gè)意義與collectively“全體地”相反的副詞做狀語,individually“單獨(dú)的,單個(gè)的”最合適,句意為:這99顆珍珠和寶石,單個(gè)和加在一起,都值很多錢。故答案選A。

12.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

ApaperpublishedinNatureinJulyfoundthatEstonia(愛沙尼亞)hadoneofthehighestratesofforestlossinEurope.TherehadbeenarapidincreaseinforestharvestingacrossmanyEuropeancountries,theauthorsofthestudyfound,whichseemedbroadlylinkedtoagrowingdemandforwoodproducts.

Worldwide,astheareacoveredbyforestshasdecreasedbymorethan440millionacressince1990,treeplantationshaveincreasedbymorethan300millionacres.Forestsareincreasinglybeingconvertedintoindustrialtreefields—andtinyEstoniahasbecomeapointedcasestudyinthisglobaltransformation.ThelossofforestscutsdeepintoEstonianhistoryandtradition.

TheEstonianCulturalAssociationlists80sacredsitesthathavebeenclearedbyindustrialloggers.Theyhavemapped1,200additionalsites,manyofwhichhavenoformalprotection,puttingthematriskofbeinglogged.Manyofthesitesareinold-growthforests,whichmakeupabout2percentofEstonia’sremainingforestcover.

Thereisdebateabouttheaccuracyofthemap;theEstonianHeritageConservationAgencyhasnotadoptedit.ButattheheartofEstonianculture,liestheideaoftheforestasanactivepresence,athinghumansdonotcreatebutrather“getoutofthewayof”.Therespectfornaturehereispowerful.

Asforeigninvestmentandlogisticalsupportpouredin,Estoniansdrivingthecountry’shighwaysbegantoseeharvestermachinesontheedgeoftheforests,pullingtreesoutlikegrass.Intheirplacehavecomeevenlyspacedrowsofpineandspruceplantedfortheglobalmarket,areplacementoftheforestwithsomethingfarsimplerandmoreprofitable,asEstonianecologistAskoLohmushassaid.

9.Accordingtothestudy,forestlossinEuropeappearedtobeassociatedwith____.

10.TheimpactofforestlossonEstonialiesmainlyin____.

11.WhydidtheEstoniaCulturalAssociationworry?

12.Thereasonforpinesandsprucesbeingplantedisthat____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reduceddeforestation

B.risingneedoftimber

C.deterioratingenvironment

D.attackingofinsects

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thenationaleconomy

B.theworkingopportunities

C.thebalanceofpoliticalforces

D.thehistoricalandculturalheritage

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausemorethanathousandsiteshavebeendestroyed.

B.Becausefarlessthanonetenthoftheold-growthforestremained

C.Becausemostoftheforesthasnotbeenofficiallypreserved.

D.Becausemanyloggerslosttheirjobsduetoforestloss.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyareenvironmentallyadapted

B.theyareeconomicallyefficient

C.theyrequirelesslandandwater

D.theyhaveshortergrowingperiod

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】9.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothestudy,forestlossinEuropeappearedtobeassociatedwith____.根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究,歐洲的森林損失似乎與____有關(guān)。

A.reduceddeforestationA.減少森林砍伐

B.risingneedoftimberB.木材需求上升

C.deterioratingenvironmentC.環(huán)境惡化

D.attackingofinsectsD.昆蟲的攻擊

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞forestlossinEurope定位到原文第一段最后一句,該句提到“許多歐洲國(guó)家的森林采伐迅速增加,這似乎與對(duì)木材產(chǎn)品日益增長(zhǎng)的需求密切相關(guān)(linkedtoagrowingdemandforwoodproducts)?!庇纱丝芍珺選項(xiàng)“木材需求上升”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“減少森林砍伐”,原文并未提及,根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷可知,減少森林砍伐有利于保護(hù)森林,而不是造成森林損失,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

C選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境惡化”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“昆蟲的攻擊”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

10.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheimpactofforestlossonEstonialiesmainlyin____.森林損失對(duì)愛沙尼亞(Estonia)的影響主要體現(xiàn)在____。

A.thenationaleconomyA.國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)

B.theworkingopportunitiesB.工作機(jī)會(huì)

C.thebalanceofpoliticalforcesC.政治力量的平衡

D.thehistoricalandculturalheritageD.歷史文化遺產(chǎn)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞forestloss和Estonia定位到原文第二段。本段最后一句提到“森林的消失深深影響著愛沙尼亞的歷史和傳統(tǒng)(cutsdeepintoEstonianhistoryandtradition)。”由此可知,森林損失對(duì)愛沙尼亞的影響主要體現(xiàn)在D選項(xiàng)“歷史文化遺產(chǎn)”上。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)”,原文雖然提到森林損失與木材需求上升有關(guān),但因此認(rèn)為森林損失對(duì)愛沙尼亞的影響主要體現(xiàn)在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)上,理由并不充分,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推理;

B選項(xiàng)“工作機(jī)會(huì)”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

C選項(xiàng)“政治力量的平衡”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

11.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhydidtheEstoniaCulturalAssociationworry?愛沙尼亞文化協(xié)會(huì)為什么會(huì)擔(dān)心?

A.Becausemorethanathousandsiteshavebeendestroyed.A.因?yàn)橛幸磺Ф嗵幍刂繁粴А?/p>

B.Becausefarlessthanonetenthoftheold-growthforestremainedB.因?yàn)楸A粝聛淼脑忌诌h(yuǎn)少于十分之一。

C.Becausemostoftheforesthasnotbeenofficiallypreserved.C.因?yàn)榇蟛糠稚譀]有得到官方的保護(hù)。

D.Becausemanyloggerslosttheirjobsduetoforestloss.D.因?yàn)樵S多伐木工由于森林損失而失去了工作。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞EstoniaCulturalAssociation定位到原文第三段。本段第二句提到“他們又繪制了1200個(gè)地點(diǎn),其中很多都沒有正式的保護(hù)措施(manyofwhichhavenoformalprotection),使它們面臨被砍伐的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?!庇纱丝芍蟛糠值纳诌€沒有受到正式的保護(hù),面臨被砍伐的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榇蟛糠稚譀]有得到官方的保護(hù)”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橛幸磺Ф嗵幍刂繁粴А保啥ㄎ坏皆牡谌蔚谝痪?,該句提到“愛沙尼亞文化協(xié)會(huì)列出了80個(gè)被工業(yè)伐木工清除的圣地。”由此可知,被毀的地址是80個(gè),而不是一千多處,原文一千多處是他們另外繪制的一些地址,不是被毀的森林地址,該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴;

B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)楸A粝聛淼脑忌诌h(yuǎn)少于十分之一”,可定位到原文第三段最后一句,該句提到“許多遺址位于原始森林中,這些森林大約占愛沙尼亞剩余森林覆蓋面積的2%”,由此可知,原文是說,愛沙尼亞現(xiàn)存的原始森林,占森林覆蓋面積的2%,而不是說只有2%的原始森林保留下來了,該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文;

D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樵S多伐木工由于森林損失而失去了工作”,原文并未提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

12.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thereasonforpinesandsprucesbeingplantedisthat____.種植松樹和云杉的原因是____。

A.theyareenvironmentallyadaptedA.它們能適應(yīng)環(huán)境

B.theyareeconomicallyefficientB.它們有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益

C.theyrequirelesslandandwaterC.它們需要更少的土地和水

D.theyhaveshortergrowingperiodD.它們生長(zhǎng)周期更短

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pinesandspruces定位到原文最后一段。本段最后一句提到“愛沙尼亞生態(tài)學(xué)家AskoLohmus說,取而代之的是為全球市場(chǎng)種植的一排排均勻分布的松樹和云杉,是更簡(jiǎn)單、更有利可圖的森林(somethingfarsimplerandmoreprofitable)。”由此可知,種植松樹和云杉主要是為了謀取更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,B選項(xiàng)“它們有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“它們能適應(yīng)環(huán)境”,原文雖然提到了它們更簡(jiǎn)單,但是無從得知是否是更能適應(yīng)環(huán)境,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

C選項(xiàng)“它們需要更少的土地和水”,原文雖然提到了它們更簡(jiǎn)單,但是無從得知是否是因?yàn)樗鼈冃枰俚耐恋睾退撨x項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;

D選項(xiàng)“它們生長(zhǎng)周期更短”,原文雖然提到了它們更簡(jiǎn)單,但是無從得知是否是因?yàn)樗鼈兩L(zhǎng)周期更短,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

13.單選題

Thewestistraditionallythelandofthepioneersandthecowboys,where____couldbeeasilymadeincattleorland.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fortunes

B.property

C.opportunities

D.treasure

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析與固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)fortunes“一大筆錢”;B選項(xiàng)property“(某人的)財(cái)產(chǎn);不動(dòng)產(chǎn)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)歸屬;C選項(xiàng)opportunities“機(jī)會(huì)”;D選項(xiàng)treasure“金銀財(cái)寶,指金銀珠寶一類”。句意:傳統(tǒng)上西部是拓荒者和牛仔的領(lǐng)地,在那里可以很容易的用牛或者土地創(chuàng)造___。根據(jù)句意,此處是指用牛和土地就可以創(chuàng)造財(cái)富,排除C選項(xiàng);不強(qiáng)調(diào)財(cái)富的歸屬,排除B選項(xiàng);不是特指金銀珠寶一類,排除D選項(xiàng)。另外,原文____couldbeeasilymade,考查固定搭配makeafortune/makefortunes“發(fā)大財(cái);賺大錢;創(chuàng)造財(cái)富”,A選項(xiàng)最符合語境。因此,本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

14.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Poppingfoodintothemicrowaveforacoupleofminutesmayseemutterlyharmless,butEurope’sstockofthesequick-cookingovensemitasmuchcarbonasnearly7millioncars,anewstudyhasfound.Andtheproblemisgrowing.Withcostsfallingandkitchenappliancesbecoming“status”items,ownersarethrowingawaymicrowavesafteranaverageofeightyears.Thisispushingsalesofnewmicrowaveswhichareexpectedtoreach135millionannuallyintheEUbytheendofthedecade.

AstudybytheUniversityofManchestercalculatedtheemissionsofCO2—themaingreenhousegasresponsibleforclimatechange—ateverystageofmicrowaves,frommanufacturetowastedisposal.“Itiselectricityconsumptionbymicrowavesthathasthebiggestimpactontheenvironment,”saytheauthors.Theauthorsalsocalculatethattheemissionsfromusing19microwavesoverayeararethesameasthosefromusingacar.Accordingtothesamestudy,effortstoreduceconsumptionshouldfocusonimprovingconsumerawarenessandbehavior.Forexample,consumerscoulduseappliancesinamoreefficientwaybyadjustingthetimeofcookingtothetypeoffood.

However,DavidReay,professorofcarbonmanagement,arguesthat,althoughmicrowavesuseagreatdealofenergy,theiremissionsareminorcomparedtothosefromcars.IntheUKalone,therearearound30millioncars.ThesecarsemitmorethanallthemicrowavesintheEU.Backingthisup,recentdatashowthatpassengercarsintheUKemitted69milliontonsofCO2in2015.Thisis10timestheamountthisnewmicrowaveovenstudyestimatesforannualemissionsforallthemicrowaveovensintheEU.Further,theenergyusedbymicrowavesislowerthananyotherformofcooking.Amongcommonkitchenappliancesusedforcooking,microwavesarethemostenergyefficient,followedbyastoveandfinallyastandardoven.Thus,risingmicrowavesalescouldbeseenasapositivething.

1.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?

2.Whyarethesalesofmicrowavesexpectedtorise?

3.WhatrecommendationdoesthestudybytheUniversityofManchestermake?

4.WhatdoesProfessorDavidReaytrytoargue?

5.WhatdoesProfessorDavidReaythinkoftheuseofmicrowaves?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Quick-cookingmicrowaveovenshavebecomemorepopular.

B.Thefrequentuseofmicrowavesmaydoharmtoourhealth.

C.CO2emissionsconstituteamajorthreattotheenvironment.

D.TheuseofmicrowavesemitsmoreCO2thanpeoplethink.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarebecomingmoreaffordable.

B.Theyhaveashorterlifecyclethanotherappliances.

C.Theyaregettingmucheasiertooperate.

D.Theytakelesstimetocookthanotherappliances.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cookingfoodofdifferentvarieties.

B.Improvingmicrowaveusers’habits.

C.Eatinglesstocutenergyconsumption.

D.Usingmicrowaveovenslessfrequently.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Therearefarmoreemissionsfromcarsthanfrommicrowaves.

B.Peopleshouldbepersuadedintousingpassengercarslessoften.

C.TheUKproduceslessCO2thanmanyothercountriesintheEU.

D.Moredataareneededtoshowwhethermicrowavesareharmful.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itwillbecomelesspopularinthecomingdecades.

B.Itmakeseverydaycookingmuchmoreconvenient.

C.Itplaysapositiveroleinenvironmentalprotection.

D.Itconsumesmorepowerthanconventionalcooking.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“這項(xiàng)新研究有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)?”。文章第一段第一句提到Poppingfoodintothemicrowaveforacoupleofminutesmayseemutterlyharmless,butEurope’sstockofthesequick-cookingovensemitasmuchcarbonasnearly7millioncars,anewstudyhasfound.(把食物放進(jìn)微波爐加熱幾分鐘似乎完全無害,但一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn),歐洲的這些快速烤箱所排放的碳相當(dāng)于近700萬輛汽車的排放量)可知D項(xiàng)“使用微波排放的二氧化碳比人們想象的要多”正確。A項(xiàng)“快速烹飪的微波爐越來越受歡迎”和C項(xiàng)“二氧化碳排放對(duì)環(huán)境構(gòu)成重大威脅”在文中沒有提到,B項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常使用微波爐對(duì)我們的健康有害”表述與原文不符。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“為什么微波爐的銷量會(huì)上升?”。第一段指出Withcostsfallingandkitchenappliancesbecoming“status”items,ownersarethrowingawaymicrowavesafteranaverageofeightyears.Thisispushingsalesofnewmicrowaveswhichareexpectedtoreach135millionannuallyintheEUbytheendofthedecade.(隨著成本的下降和廚房電器成為“有身份”的物品,業(yè)主們正在扔掉平均8年后的微波爐;這推動(dòng)了新型微波爐的銷售,預(yù)計(jì)到本世紀(jì)末,新型微波爐在歐盟的年銷量將達(dá)到1.35億臺(tái))可知,因?yàn)槌杀鞠陆邓晕⒉t的銷量上升,故A項(xiàng)“它們變得越來越便宜”正確。B項(xiàng)“相比其他電器,它們有一個(gè)較短的生命周期”,原文指出平均8年的微波爐可知,微波爐的壽命不短;C項(xiàng)“它們?cè)絹碓饺菀撞僮鳌焙虳項(xiàng)“它們比其他電器花更少的時(shí)間做飯”在文中都沒有相關(guān)的描述。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“曼徹斯特大學(xué)的研究提出了什么建議?”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句Accordingtothesamestudy,effortstoreduceconsumptionshouldfocusonimprovingconsumerawarenessandbehavior.(根據(jù)該研究,減少消費(fèi)的努力應(yīng)該集中在提高消費(fèi)者的意識(shí)和行為上)可知,曼徹斯特大學(xué)的研究建議消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該改變自己對(duì)微波爐使用的意識(shí)和行為,所以B項(xiàng)“改善微波爐用戶的使用習(xí)慣”符合題意。第二段最后一句提到Forexample,consumerscoulduseappliancesinamoreefficientwaybyadjustingthetimeofcookingtothetypeoffood.(例如,消費(fèi)者可以通過調(diào)整烹飪時(shí)間以更有效的方式使用電器)可知A項(xiàng)“烹飪不同種類的食物”錯(cuò)誤;C項(xiàng)“少吃以減少能源消耗”和D項(xiàng)“減少使用微波爐的次數(shù)”在文中沒有相關(guān)信息。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“大衛(wèi)雷伊教授想要論證什么?”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章最后一段第一句However,DavidReay,professorofcarbonmanagement,arguesthat,althoughmicrowavesuseagreatdealofenergy,theiremissionsareminorcomparedtothosefromcars.(然而,碳管理教授大衛(wèi)雷伊認(rèn)為,盡管微波消耗大量能源,但與汽車相比,它們的排放量要小得多)可知,A項(xiàng)“汽車排放的廢氣比微波爐多得多”正確。B項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該說服人們減少使用轎車的次數(shù)”,汽車的二氧化碳排放量高只是雷伊教授論證中的一個(gè)對(duì)比,B項(xiàng)不選;C項(xiàng)“英國(guó)產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳比許多其他歐盟國(guó)家要少”,表述與原文相反,原文指出ThesecarsemitmorethanallthemicrowavesintheEU(這些汽車的排放量超過了歐盟所有國(guó)家的微波爐排放量),C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)“需要更多的數(shù)據(jù)來證明微波爐是否有害”文中沒有提到。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“大衛(wèi)雷伊教授對(duì)微波爐的使用有什么看法?”。文章最后兩句提到Amongcommonkitchenappliancesusedforcooking,microwavesarethemostenergyefficient,followedbyastoveandfinallyastandardoven.Thus,risingmicrowavesalescouldbeseenasapositivething.(在常用的廚房用具中,微波爐是最節(jié)能的,其次是爐子,最后是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)烤箱;因此,微波爐銷量的上升可以被視為一件積極的事情),由此可知,在常用的廚具中,微波爐比其他電器都要節(jié)能,所以C項(xiàng)“它在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面發(fā)揮了積極的作用”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“在未來的幾十年里,它會(huì)變得不那么受歡迎”表述與原文不符;B項(xiàng)“它使每天做飯更方便”在最后一段沒有提到;D項(xiàng)“它比傳統(tǒng)烹飪消耗更多的能量”表述與原文相反。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Theapartmenthasbeen(

)sineSmith'smovedout.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vacant

B.versatile

C.vacuum

D.vain

【答案】A

【解析】vacant空虛的,空缺的,空閑的;versatile多才多藝的,萬能的;vacuum真空的;vain徒勞的,自負(fù)的。句意:自從Smith搬出去后,那套公寓一直空著。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.單選題

Apersonwhoisfoundguiltyofembezzlementmayberequiredto(

)hispropertyaspenalty.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concede

B.defray

C.forfeit

D.gape

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Concede“承認(rèn),退讓”;defray“支出,支付”;forfeit“喪失”;gape“裂開,張開”。句意:被發(fā)現(xiàn)犯有貪污罪的人,會(huì)被要求沒收財(cái)產(chǎn)作為處罰。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

17.單選題

Thethieves(

)thewastepaperallovertheroomwhiletheyweresearchingforthering.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spread

B.scratched

C.scattered

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spread傳播,散布;scratch搔,抓;scatteralloverthefloor滿地皆是;burn燃燒。句意:小偷找鉆戒的時(shí)候,把廢紙弄得滿屋都是。由“searchingforthering”可知小偷為了找到戒指會(huì)滿屋子翻箱倒柜,把廢紙弄得到處都是。答案C

18.單選題

Howcanyou()andwatchthecountrygotoruin?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standby

B.standfor

C.standup

D.standupfor

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。standby袖手旁觀,站在旁邊;standfor代表,象征;standup站起來,堅(jiān)持;standupfor支持,擁護(hù)。句意:你怎么能袖手旁觀,看著這個(gè)國(guó)家走向毀滅呢?選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

19.單選題

TheChinesefoodintheUnitedStatesisusually______forAmericanpeople.

問題1選

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