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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川航天職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theprofessorrequiredthatwe(

)ourresearchreportsbyWednesday.

問題1選項

A.willhandin

B.musthandin

C.hadtohandin

D.weshouldhandin

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:教授要求我們必須在周三之前上交我們的調(diào)查報告。這里的require表要求時,后面要接should+動詞原形,所以答案選D。

2.填空題

MakingEveryDropCount

AThehistoryofhumancivilizationisentwinedwiththehistoryofthewayswehavelearnedtomanipulatewaterresources.Astownsgraduallyexpanded,waterwasbroughtfromincreasinglyremotesources,leadingtosophisticatedengineeringeffortssuchasdamsandaqueducts.AttheheightoftheRomanEmpire,ninemajorsystems,withaninnovativelayoutofpipesandwell-builtsewers,suppliedtheoccupantsofRomewithasmuchwaterperpersonasisprovidedinmanypartsoftheindustrialworldtoday.

BDuringtheindustrialrevolutionandpopulationexplosionofthe19thand20thcenturies,thedemandforwaterrosedramatically.Unprecedentedconstructionoftensofthousandsofmonumentalengineeringprojectsdesignedtocontrolfloods,protectcleanwatersupplies,andprovidewaterforirrigationandhydropowerbroughtgreatbenefitstohundredsofmillionsofpeople.Foodproductionhaskeptpacewithsoaringpopulationsmainlybecauseoftheexpansionofartificialirrigationsystemsthatmakepossiblethegrowthof40%oftheworld’sfood.Nearlyonefifthofalltheelectricitygeneratedworldwideisproducedbyturbinesspunbythepoweroffallingwater.

CYetthereisadarksidetothispicture,despiteourprogress,halfoftheworld’spopulationsstillsuffers,withwaterservicesinferiortothoseavailabletotheancientGreeksandRomans.AstheUnitedNationsreportonaccesstowaterreiteratedinNovember2001,morethanonebillionpeoplelackaccesstocleandrinkingwater,sometwoandahalfbilliondonothaveadequatesanitationservices.Preventablewater-relateddiseaseskillanestimated10,000to20,0000childreneveryday,andthelatestevidencesuggeststhatwearefallingbehindineffortstosolvetheseproblems.

DTheconsequencesofourwaterpoliciesextendbeyondjeopardizinghumanhealth.Tensofmillionsofpeoplehavebeenforcedtomovefromtheirhomes—oftenwithlittlewarningorcompensation—tomakewayforthereservoirsbehinddams.Morethan20%ofallfreshwaterfishspeciesarenowthreatenedorendangeredbecausedamsandwaterwithdrawalshavedestroyedthefree-flowingriverecosystemswheretheythrive.Certainirrigationpracticesdegradesoilqualityandreduceagriculturalproductivity.GroundwateraquifersarebeingpumpeddownfasterthantheyarenaturallyreplenishedinpartsofIndia,China,theUSAandelsewhere.Anddisputesoversharedwaterresourceshaveledtoviolenceandcontinuetoraiselocal,nationalandeveninternationaltensions.

EAttheoutsetofthenewmillennium,however,thewayresourceplannersthinkaboutwaterisbeginningtochange.Thefocusisslowlyshiftingbacktotheprovisionofbasichumanandenvironmentalneedsastoppriorityensuring‘someforall’,insteadof‘moreforsome’.Somewaterexpertsarenowdemandingthatexistinginfrastructurebeusedinsmarterwaysratherthanbuildingnewfacilities,whichisincreasinglyconsideredtheoptionoflast,notfirst,resort.Thisshiftinphilosophyhasnotbeenuniversallyaccepted,anditcomeswithstrongoppositionformsomeestablishedwaterorganizations.Nevertheless,itmaybetheonlywaytoaddresssuccessfullythepressingproblemsofprovidingeveryonewithcleanwatertodrink,adequatewatertogrowfoodandalifefreefrompreventablewater-relatedillness.

FFortunately—andunexpectedly—thedemandforwaterisnotrisingasrapidlyassomepredicted.Asaresult,thepressuretobuildnewwaterinfrastructureshasdiminishedoverthepasttwodecades.Althoughpopulation,industrialoutputandeconomicproductivityhavecontinuedtosoarindevelopednations,therateatwhichpeoplewithdrawwaterfromaquifers,riversandlakeshasslowed.Andinafewpartsoftheworld,demandhasactuallyfallen.

GWhatexplainsthisremarkableturnofevents?Twofactors:peoplehavefiguredouthowtousewatermoreefficiently,andcommunitiesarerethinkingtheirprioritiesforwateruse.Throughoutthefirstthree-quartersofthe20thcentury,thequantityoffreshwaterconsumedperpersondoubledonaverage;intheUSA,waterwithdrawalsincreasedtenfoldwhilethepopulationquadrupled.Butsince1980,theamountofwaterconsumedperpersonhasactuallydecreased,thankstoarangeofnewtechnologiesthathelptoconservewaterinhomesandindustry.In1965,forinstance,Japanusedapproximately13milliongallonsofwatertoproduce$1millionofcommercialoutput;by1989thishaddroppedto3.5milliongallons(evenaccountingforinflation)—almostaquadruplingofwaterproductivity.IntheUSA,waterwithdrawalshavefallenbymorethan20%fromtheirpeakin1980.

HOntheotherhand,dams,aqueductsandotherkindsofinfrastructurewillstillhavetobebuilt,particularlyindevelopingcountrieswherebasichumanneedshavenotbeenmet.Butsuchprojectsmustbebuilttohigherspecificationsandwithmoreaccountabilitytolocalpeopleandtheirenvironmentthaninthepast.Andeveninregionswherenewprojectsseemwarranted,wemustfindwaystomeetdemandswithfewerresources,respectingecologicalcriteriaandtoasmallerbudget.

【答案】1.xi

2.vii

3.v

4.i

5.ix

6.ii

7.x

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段,“Thehistoryofhumancivilizationisentwinedwiththehistoryofthewayswehavelearnedtomanipulatewaterresources.”,人類文明史與我們學(xué)會如何運用水資源的歷史交織在一起。第一段最后列舉了羅馬帝國時期對水資源的控制,建立了發(fā)達的水利系統(tǒng),給羅馬人提供了充足的水。可判斷出A段的主要內(nèi)容為古代的供水系統(tǒng)。選項xi符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第三段,“morethanonebillionpeoplelackaccesstocleandrinkingwater,sometwoandahalfbilliondonothaveadequatesanitationservices.Preventablewater-relateddiseaseskillanestimated10,000to20,0000childreneveryday”,超過10億人缺乏干凈的飲用水,約25億人沒有足夠的衛(wèi)生凈水設(shè)備。據(jù)估計,每天1萬至2萬名兒童死于與水有關(guān)的可預(yù)防疾病??膳袛喑鯟段的主要內(nèi)容為水和健康之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。選項vii符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章第四段,“Morethan20%ofallfreshwaterfishspeciesarenowthreatenedorendangeredbecausedamsandwaterwithdrawalshavedestroyedthefree-flowingriverecosystemswheretheythrive.”,超過20%的淡水魚物種現(xiàn)在受到威脅或瀕臨滅絕,因為大壩和取水破壞了它們賴以生存的自由流動的河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。本段還列舉了更多因為修建水利系統(tǒng)而帶來的環(huán)境影響,可判斷D段的主要內(nèi)容為環(huán)境問題。選項v符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第五段,“Somewaterexpertsarenowdemandingthatexistinginfrastructurebeusedinsmarterwaysratherthanbuildingnewfacilities”,一些水資源專家現(xiàn)在要求以更明智的方式使用現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,而不是建設(shè)新的設(shè)施,下文繼續(xù)強調(diào)了專家們在觀念上和措施上提出的轉(zhuǎn)變??膳袛喑鯡段的主要內(nèi)容為科學(xué)家們呼吁對政策進行改變。選項i符合題意。

5.根據(jù)文章第六段,“Fortunately—andunexpectedly—thedemandforwaterisnotrisingasrapidlyassomepredicted…inafewpartsoftheworld,demandhasactuallyfallen.”,出乎意料的是,對水的需求并沒有像一些人預(yù)測的那樣迅速增長。在世界上的一些地方,對水的需求實際上已經(jīng)下降??膳袛喑鯢段主要提到了人們對水的需求出現(xiàn)了令人驚訝的下降趨勢。選項ix符合題意。

6.根據(jù)文章第七段,“Whatexplainsthisremarkableturnofevents?Twofactors:peoplehavefiguredouthowtousewatermoreefficiently,andcommunitiesarerethinkingtheirprioritiesforwateruse.”,如何解釋對水資源的需求下降(上一段已提及)的這一顯著的轉(zhuǎn)變?兩個因素:人們已經(jīng)知道如何更有效地用水,并且正在重新考慮他們用水的優(yōu)先次序??膳袛喑鯣段主要對上一段提到的水資源需求下降的解釋。選項ii符合題意。

7.根據(jù)文章第八段,“Butsuchprojectsmustbebuilttohigherspecificationsandwithmoreaccountabilitytolocalpeopleandtheirenvironmentthaninthepast.”,與過去相比,這些項目必須按照更高的標準建造,必須考慮到當?shù)鼐用窦捌洵h(huán)境影響??膳袛喑鋈藗儗λY源基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)提出了更高的標準。選項x符合題意。

3.單選題

WhenIamonvacation,Iliketoexplorenewcitiesbywalkingrandomlythroughthedowntownstreets.

問題1選項

A.lazily

B.reflectively

C.aimlessly

D.deliberately

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項lazily“懶洋洋地;怠惰地,懶散地”;B選項reflectively“反映地;反照地”;C選項aimlessly“漫無目的地,無目標地”;D選項deliberately“故意地;緩慢而謹慎地”。句意:度假時,我喜歡在市中心的街道上隨意走動,探索新的城市。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞randomly“隨便地,任意地;無目的地,胡亂地;未加計劃地”,得知C為正確答案。

4.單選題

Wehaveinvested()80,000inthisprojectbuttillnowthereisnohopeforustogetapennyback.

問題1選項

A.subsequently

B.unexpectedly

C.approximately

D.reluctantly

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。subsequently隨后;unexpectedly想不到的;approximately大約,

近乎;reluctantly不情愿地。句意:我們在這個項目上投資了大約8萬美元,

但到目前為止,

我們還沒有希望收回一分錢。選項C符合句意。

5.單選題

TheChinagovernmenthasannounceditsintentiontodoublethecountry’sinvestmentinresearchonsolarpoweroverthenextthreeyears.

問題1選項

A.TheChinagovernment

B.itsintentiontodouble

C.inresearchon

D.overthenext

E.沒有問題

【答案】A

【解析】theChinagovernment應(yīng)改為theChinesegovernment或thegovernmentofChina.

6.單選題

ThedominantmodelofAmericanlegaleducationremainsoneinwhichstudentsaretaughthowtoargueaggressively,withnoquartergivenortaken,andhowtofightanopposingviewpointwith()technicalskill.

問題1選項

A.programmed

B.un-programmed

C.uncompromising

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。programmed“程序化的”;un-programmed“非程序化的”;uncompromising“不妥協(xié)的,堅定的”;promising“有希望的,有前途的”。句意:美國法律教育的主導(dǎo)模式仍然是這樣一種模式:學(xué)生們被教導(dǎo)如何進行激烈的辯論,不退縮也不接受對方的憐憫,以及如何以毫不妥協(xié)的技巧與對立的觀點進行斗爭。選項C符合題意。

7.單選題

OilcompaniesintheU.S.arealreadybeginningtofeelthepressure.Refineryworkers’andpetroleum-equipment-manufacturing,employeesarebeing____.

問題1選項

A.laidout

B.laidoff

C.laiddown

D.laidaside

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.laidout展示;安排B.laidoff解雇;休息

C.laiddown放下;制定D.laidaside擱置;儲蓄

【答案】B

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意:美國的石油公司已經(jīng)開始感受到壓力。煉油工人和石油設(shè)備制造業(yè)的雇員正在被……。根據(jù)邏輯,公司受到壓力時,有可能進行裁員,因此這些雇傭員工可能被解雇。因此選B。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】美國的石油公司已經(jīng)開始感受到壓力。煉油工人和石油設(shè)備制造業(yè)的雇員正在被解雇。

8.單選題

Itwasnotuntilonehundredthousandyearsafterthebigbangthatphotonswere()frommatter.

問題1選項

A.setapart

B.setoff

C.setout

D.setfree

【答案】D

【解析】句意:直到十萬年宇宙大爆炸之后,光子才從物質(zhì)中釋放出來。

考查短語辨析。D項“從…中釋放”符合句意。

9.單選題

Thegirlbegantocryandtearsslowly()downherface.

問題1選項

A.oozed

B.trickled

C.dribbled

D.leaked

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項oozed“滲出,泄漏(有慢慢滲出來的意思)”;B選項trickled“滴,細細地流”;C選項dribbled“流(口水);滴下”;D選項leaked“使?jié)B漏,泄露”。句意:女孩哭了起來,眼淚慢慢地從臉上_____。只有B選項可以與后面的down搭配,意為“一滴滴落下”;A選項與out搭配,表示“泄漏”;C選項一般后面不跟介詞;D選項與out搭配,意為“漏出”。而本句表達的是“眼淚一滴滴滑落”,因此B選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Asateenager,Iwas()byablindpassionforaslimstarIwouldnevermeetinmylife.

問題1選項

A.pursued

B.seduced

C.consumed

D.guaranteed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。pursue“追求”;seduce“引誘”;consume“消費;使……著迷”;guarantee“擔(dān)保”。句意:作為一個年輕人,我癡迷于這位在生命中從未見過的苗條的明星。選項C符合題意。

11.翻譯題

II.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishonyourANSWERSHEET.(10%)

中國堅持走低消耗、低排放、高效益、高產(chǎn)出的新型工業(yè)化道路,是國際社會加強環(huán)境保護、應(yīng)對氣候變化、實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展努力的重要組成部分。我們期待得到包括東亞國家在內(nèi)的國際社會的大力支持。中國將本著“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則,承擔(dān)應(yīng)有的國際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。

【答案】Chinaisstrivingtoembarkonanewpathtoindustrializationthatfeatureslowconsumptionofresources,lowemissions,highefficiencyandhighoutput,andthisisanintegralpartofinternationaleffortstoprotecttheenvironment,addressclimatechangeandachievesustainabledevelopment.Welookforwardtothestrongsupportforoureffortsfromtheinternationalcommunity,particularlyourEastAsianneighbors.Chinawillshoulderitsdueinternationalresponsibilitiesandobligationsinaccordancewiththeprincipleofcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities.

12.單選題

Noneofusknowsthenameofthat(

)insect.

問題1選項

A.funnylittlered

B.redlittlefunny

C.littlefunnyred

D.redfunnylittle

【答案】A

【解析】多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序為:限定詞(數(shù)量);外觀;形狀(大小,高矮,肥瘦),年齡,顏色,國籍,材料,用途。所以只有選項A正確。

13.單選題

Inspiteoftheincreasing(

)oftheirsentiments,thegroupknewtheyhadtoarriveataconsensussothattheawardcouldbepresented.

問題1選項

A.impartiality

B.polarity

C.incisiveness

D.judiciousness

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。impartiality公平,公正;polarity兩極;incisiveness深刻,敏銳;judiciousness頭腦精明的。句意:盡管他們的意見越來越分化,但是這個小組知道他們必須達成共識以便獎項能夠被頒發(fā)。由inspiteof及下文可知雙方有矛盾分歧,B項符合題意。

14.單選題

Whenaspaceshuttlehasaccomplishedits(

),itcanbereadyforanothertripinabouttwoweeks.

問題1選項

A.venture

B.mission

C.commission

D.responsibility

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。venture“冒險旅行”,mission“使命,任務(wù)”;commission“委員會,傭金”;responsibility“責(zé)任”。句意:當航天飛機完成了它的任務(wù),它可以在大約兩周后準備另一次飛行。因此選項B符合題意。

15.單選題

Itwasafoolishquestiontoask.It(1)moresenseformetohavelearnedifshehad

(2)

orapointofview,butitwas

(3)

forthatnowandIsupposedthatthe

(4)

RelationOfficehad

(5)

herbeforegrantingtheinterview.Ididn’thavetimetoread

(6)

piecesaboutcorporaterainmakersandtheirgoldenparachutesorwomenatamidtownlawfirm

(7)

sixtimesmysalarybutwhiningaboutbreakingthe

(8)

,ceiling.

“Won’twasteyourtime,”she(9).“ifthedetailsonyour

(10)

areaccurateandthearticlesLaura

(11)

mehavecorrectbackground,wewon’thaveto

(12)that.”I

(13)

.inapproval.Shewasobviouslya

(14)

,andanintelligentone

(15)

.Itwasalways

(16)

tositfora

(17)

whenthequestionerspentthefirsthouraskingwhatschoolsIhad

(18)

,howlong

(19)

,andwhetherIlikedmyjob.“Isitallright(20)youifwestartwithsomeinformationabouttheSexCrimesProsecutionUnit?”

“I’dlikethat,"Ireplied.

問題1選項

A.made

B.wouldmake

C.wouldhavemade

D.wouldbe

問題2選項

A.afishtofry

B.anuttocrack

C.asongtosing

D.anaxetogrind

問題3選項

A.stilllate

B.toolate

C.solate

D.past

問題4選項

A.Common

B.Financial

C.Local

D.Public

問題5選項

A.vetted

B.called

C.connectedwith

D.contactedwith

問題6選項

A.rushed

B.windy

C.puff

D.blowing

問題7選項

A.taking

B.making

C.slavingfor

D.osing

問題8選項

A.plastered

B.glass

C.fragile

D.limited

問題9選項

A.rambled

B.carriedon

C.lectured

D.wenton

問題10選項

A.application

B.curriculumvitae

C.report

D.folder

問題11選項

A.phoned

B.faxed

C.hadphoned

D.hadfaxed

問題12選項

A.repaint

B.remix

C.rewrite

D.rehash

問題13選項

A.trembled

B.grimaced

C.smiled

D.winked

問題14選項

A.girl

B.pro

C.tyro

D.mogul

問題15選項

A.atthat

B.atthis

C.toreboot

D.added

問題16選項

A.agreeable

B.instructive

C.impatient

D.aggravating

問題17選項

A.photo

B.portrait

C.profile

D.sketch

問題18選項

A.attended

B.matriculated

C.enrolled

D.preferred

問題19選項

A.Ihadworked

B.didIwork

C.wasIworking

D.wouldIworked

問題20選項

A.for

B.to

C.accordingto

D.with

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:C

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】(1)考查虛擬語氣。本題考查的是帶if的虛擬語氣,從前一句itwasfoolishquestiontoask可以推斷出考查的是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,因此主句的動詞應(yīng)該用would+havedone形式,所以選項C符合題意。

(2)考查邏輯關(guān)系??崭窈竺娴膬?nèi)容是“或一種觀點”(orapointofview),由此可推測空格處應(yīng)該是對應(yīng)的“有不同意見”,因此選項D符合題意。

(3)考查固定搭配。Itistoolateforsth.“對某事而言太遲”,因此,選項B符合題意。

(4)考查固定搭配??崭裉幒竺嫣岬搅恕霸试S這次采訪”(grantingtheinterview)PublicRelationOffice“公共關(guān)系辦事處”為固定搭配,選項D符合題意。

(5)考查動詞詞義辨析。Vet“審查;診療”;call“呼叫,稱呼,召集”;connectwith“連接,與……聯(lián)系”;contactwith“與……聯(lián)系”??崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐牵何也聹y公共關(guān)系辦事處在允許面試前對她進行了審查。因此選項A符合題意。

(6)考查固定搭配。puffpieces“吹捧文章”符合情境。選項C符合題意。

(7)考查動詞詞義辨析。take“采取”;make“使得;準備;制造”;slavefor“為……苦干”;lose“浪費;失去”??崭窈髎ixtimessalary可知此處說的是賺六倍工資,因此選項B符合題意。

(8)考查固定搭配。glassceiling指在公司或企業(yè)中,限制某些人口群體晉升職位的障礙。選項B符合題意。

(9)考查動詞詞義辨析。Ramble“漫步;閑逛”;carryon“參與;繼續(xù)”;lecture“講課”;goon“繼續(xù)”。根據(jù)上下文情境,可知空格處是“繼續(xù)說道”,選項D符合題意。

(10)考查邏輯關(guān)系。application“申請”;curriculumvitae“簡歷”;report“報告”;folder“文件夾”。根據(jù)第一段提到的“grantingtheinterview”(允許這次面試)可知空格處應(yīng)填入“簡歷”這個單詞,因此選項B符合題意。

(11)考查邏輯關(guān)系??崭裉巹釉~的賓語是article,因此可以排除選項A與C。fax是費延續(xù)性動詞,因此不能用完成時,所以選項B符合題意。

(12)考查動詞詞義辨析。repaint“重畫,重新繪制”;remix“使混合”;rewrite“重寫,改寫”;rehash“重新處理”。空格處所在句子的大意是:如果你簡歷上的細節(jié)和羅拉傳真給我的文章都是真的,我們將不會重新處理。選項D符合題意。

(13)考查動詞詞義辨析。tremble“發(fā)抖”;grimace“扮鬼臉”;smile“微笑”;wink“眨眼”。在面試這種正式的場合中,面試者一邊會微笑認同面試官的說法,因此選項C符合題意。

(14)考查名詞詞義辨析。girl“女孩”;pro“職業(yè)選手”;tyro“新手”;mogul“有權(quán)勢的人”??崭窈蟮摹癮nintelligentone”說明這個面試者是個聰明的人,那能力自然也不言而喻,選項B符合題意。

(15)考查固定搭配。根據(jù)上題可知該面試者非常有能力,并且聰慧,二者存在遞進關(guān)系,選項Aatthat“而且”符合題意。

(16)考查形容詞詞義辨析。agreeable“令人愉快的”;instructive“有益的”;impatient“沒有耐心的”;aggravating“加重的;令人惱怒的”。從后文可以看出對于面試官花了一個小時的時間來問一些繁瑣的事情讓人惱怒,因此選項D符合題意。

(17)考查名詞詞義辨析。photo“照片”;portrait“肖像;描寫”;profile“外形;人物簡介”;sketch“索描;梗概”。從空格處后面的內(nèi)容可以得知面試官是在詢問面試者的履歷,因此選項C符合題意。

(18)考查固定搭配。面試時,面試官會問面試者上學(xué)的學(xué)校,attendschool為固定搭配,選項A符合題意。

(19)考查邏輯關(guān)系??崭袂笆褂玫氖沁^去完成時,此處與前面是并列結(jié)構(gòu),因此也應(yīng)該使用過去完成時態(tài),因此選項A符合題意。

(20)考查固定搭配。Beallrightwithsb.“對某人而言是可以的”,選項D符合題意。

16.單選題

Ifyou()thebottleandcigarettes,you’llbemuchhealthier.

問題1選項

A.takeoff

B.keepoff

C.getoff

D.setoff

【答案】B

【解析】短語辨析。句意:如果你酒瓶和煙,你會更健康。takeoff脫掉,起飛;keepoff擋住,禁食,不接近;getoff下車;setoff出發(fā),(使)開始。因此,B項keepoff符合句意,在此表示“遠離,戒掉,不接近”。

17.單選題

Wagneronce()withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofmusicthatwaspopularwiththeyoungpeople.

問題1選項

A.merged

B.constituted

C.partitioned

D.collaborated

【答案】D

【解析】句意:瓦格納曾與另一位音樂家合作創(chuàng)作了一首深受年輕人歡迎的音樂。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。merge合并,吞沒;constitute組成,建立;partition分割,分隔,區(qū)分;collaborate合作,勾結(jié),通敵。

18.單選題

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:Saltisbadforyou—regardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard.“Thereisadirectrelationship,”USCongressmanNealSmithnoted,betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn’tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.’’Dustan’smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureunderwentnochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Foranaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissaltallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“l(fā)owsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayesJr.admitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.’’Infact,thereisincreasingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium,obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium),genericpredisposition,stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon’tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed(

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat(

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat(

4.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

問題1選項

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth.

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders.

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases.

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease.

問題2選項

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople.

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure.

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient.

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone.

問題3選項

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt.

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt.

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease.

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation.

問題4選項

A.Thatthesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thattheoriginofhypertensionisnowfound.

C.Thatthemoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Thatsaltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的文章意思,以及第三句中的“directrelationship”,可以得出選項C最符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內(nèi)容,試驗中一半的高血壓患者在食用低鹽食品時血壓有所降低,可以推斷出低鹽飲食可以作為治療高血壓患者的一個方法。選項A符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段,充足或者稍微過量的攝入鹽,會拯救更多的人,而不是只會害死人,不可能建議所有人群都禁止食用食鹽。選項D符合題意。

4.信息歸納題。根據(jù)文章意思,A選項中的理論并未得到證實,B和D選項文中沒有提及。用排除法可知,選項C符合題意。

19.單選題

Thepoliceadmitted______amistakeinarrestinganinnocentman

問題1選項

A.tomake

B.tohavemade

C.tohavingmade

D.tomaking

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。admittodoingsth.表示“承認作某事”,為固定搭配。“犯錯”這個動詞發(fā)生在“承錯誤”這個動作之前,根據(jù)admitted(admit的過去式)可知空格處應(yīng)為過去完成時,因此選C。句意:警方承認在逮捕一名無辜男子時犯了錯誤。

20.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

Today,theworldalsoneedsaparadigmshiftoneconomysystem.Butthistimeitistheprevailingeconomicmodelthatmustbetransformed.(1)By2030,theglobalmiddleclasswilltotalnearlyfivebillionpeople,allofwhomwillexpectthesamekindsofopportunities.

andcomfortsthatwealthypopulationshavelongenjoyed.Thiswillputincreasingstrainontheenvironmentanddepletetheworld’sstockofresources.

(2)Theproblemisthattheworldhaslongmaintainedamyopicfocusonproducingandconsuminggoodsascheaplyaspossible,thusleadingtoaresultasalineareconomybasedontherapiduse,disposal,andreplacementofgoods.Sustainingthecurrentmodelwouldrequireunlimited,easilyaccessibleresourcesandinfinitespaceforwaste—somethingthatclearlyisnotpossible.(3)

Indeed,theconsequencesofourdisposableeconomy—skyrocketingCO2emissions,unmanageablewastestreams,andtheincreasingdifficultyofextractingresources,

tonameafewarealreadyapparent.Tofindasustainablealternative,oneneedonlylooktonature,wherenothingiswasted.Forests,forexample,arecompletelyefficientsystems,withspecies’lifecyclesoccurringinperfectharmonywiththeseasons.Thisunderpinslevelsofresilienceandlongevitythateconomicsystemsshouldstrivetoemulate.(4)Justasecosystemsreuseeverythinginanefficientandpurposefulcycle,a“circular”economicsystemwouldensurethatproductsweredesignedtobepartofavaluenetwork,withinwhichthereuseandrefurbishmentofproducts,components,andmaterialswouldensurethecontinualre-exploitationofresources.

Ofcourse,buildingacirculareconomywouldrequireafundamentalrestructuringofglobalvaluechains.Insteadofsellingproducts,businesseswouldretainownership,sellingtheuseofthegoodstheymakeasaservice.(5)

Sellingaproduct’sbenefitsinsteadoftheproductitselfwouldcreateapowerfulincentivefortheproducerstodesignforlongevity,repeatedreuseandeventualrecycling,whichwouldenablethemtooptimizetheiruseofresource.

【答案】1.到2030年,全球中產(chǎn)階級總數(shù)將接近五十億人,他們期待與富人長期享有的同樣的機會和舒適。

2.問題在于,長期以來,世界一直短視地專注于以盡可能低的成本生產(chǎn)和消費商品,從而導(dǎo)致了一種后果——以商品的快速使用、處置和替代為基礎(chǔ)的線性經(jīng)濟的出現(xiàn)。

3.的確,我們一次性經(jīng)濟的后果(僅僅舉幾個例子,如高漲的二氧化碳排放量、難處理的廢水、開采資源難度的日益增加等)已經(jīng)很明顯了。

4.正如生態(tài)系統(tǒng)以一種高效且有目的的循環(huán)重復(fù)使用一切,一種“循環(huán)的”經(jīng)濟體系將確保產(chǎn)品被設(shè)計成一個價值網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分,在該經(jīng)濟體系中產(chǎn)品、部件和材料的重復(fù)使用和翻新將確保資源持續(xù)不斷地被再度開采。

5.銷售一件產(chǎn)品所帶來的的好處而不是該產(chǎn)品本身,將為生產(chǎn)者帶來強有力的動力,使其為了產(chǎn)品的持久使用、反復(fù)再次使用和最終回收而進行設(shè)計,而這將使他們能夠優(yōu)化自身對資源的使用。

21.單選題

Afterdeliberatingforsevenhours,thejuryreachedamajority________of10to3infavorofthedefendant.

問題1選項

A.declaration

B.conclusion

C.opinion

D.verdict

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“declaration”,意為“公告;宣告;申報(單)”;B選項“conclusion”,意為“結(jié)論;結(jié)局;推論”;C選項“opinion”,意為“意見;想法;(群體的)觀點,信仰”;D選項“verdict”,意為“(陪審團的)裁定,裁決,裁斷”。句意:經(jīng)過7個小時的商議,陪審團以10比3的多數(shù)__裁定__被告勝訴。本句表示“由陪審員經(jīng)過商議后得出的結(jié)論,所以應(yīng)該是裁定、裁決”。因此D選項符合題意。

22.單選題

Thechild’sparentswere______intoacceptingthedemandofthekidnappers.

問題1選項

A.pleaded

B.intoxicated

C.intimidated

D.besieged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項plead“借口,為……辯護,托稱”,B項intoxicate“(酒或毒品)(使)麻醉,(使)中毒”,C項intimidate“恐嚇,威脅,脅迫”,D項besiege“圍困,包圍,煩擾”。由kidnappers“綁匪”可知,空格處填入“恐嚇”符合語境。句意:孩子的父母受到恐嚇而接受了綁架者的要求。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

23.單選題

Thephrase“agriefago”(

)fromtheconventionalnormthatweshouldputaperiodoftimesuchas“fiveminutes”before“ago”.

問題1選項

A.deviates

B.disconnects

C.detaches

D.distortes

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項deviate“使脫離,偏離”;B選項disconnect“拆開,使分離”;C選項detach“分離,派遣”;D選項distort“扭曲,變形”。根據(jù)句子的主語“phrase短語”和介詞from,可知空格意思為“偏離”,四個選項中deviatefrom有“偏離……”的意思,最符合空格意思,故正確答案選A。

24.單選題

Peopletendtobemoreaggressivewhenthey’reyoungandmore____astheygetolder.

問題1選項

A.progressive

B.permissive

C.conservative

D.intensive

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.progressive進步的;先進的B.permissive放任的;縱容的

C.conservative保守的D.intensive加強的;集中的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句中,young“年輕的”和older“年老的”形成對比,因此空格處的形容詞與aggressive“侵略性的;好斗的”作對比,因此選C.conservative保守的,符合句子邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】人們年輕的時候往往激進,年老時則傾向于保守。

25.單選題

TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarketofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheIsleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentsfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope’sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.

Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersoftheclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.

TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers,itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransformingCard

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