書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽電氣工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

ThisistheChinese______,translatedfromEnglish.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.publication

B.editor

C.printing

D.version

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)publication“發(fā)行，出版物”；B選項(xiàng)editor“（報(bào)刊、雜志的）主編”；C選項(xiàng)printing“（書籍的）一次印刷”；D選項(xiàng)version“（電影、劇本、樂曲等的）版本”。句意：這是英文翻譯過來的中文______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是這原來是英文的，被翻譯成了中文，D選項(xiàng)version“（電影、劇本、樂曲等的）版本”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby（

）.

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

（

）.

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

（

）.

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

（

）.

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對(duì)美國(guó)政府的信心下降了多少？”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年，說明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認(rèn)為大政府對(duì)國(guó)家未來的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認(rèn)為大政府有威脅（A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices），由此可知國(guó)民對(duì)政府的信心下降了51%。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“在大蕭條時(shí)期前美國(guó)政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時(shí)期美國(guó)人對(duì)華盛頓本能的謹(jǐn)慎”（We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression），說明在大蕭條時(shí)期政府在民眾心中的地位就低，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認(rèn)為國(guó)會(huì)會(huì)把事情搞砸（Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中，62%的美國(guó)人認(rèn)為政客的道德和誠(chéng)實(shí)度已經(jīng)下降（OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen），以及比起通過好的法規(guī)，議員們花更多的時(shí)間在他們的政治前途上嗎？（Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?）可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定，他們往往更滿意（sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereports,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountriesarebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerableregions.Dr.Pielkesaidtheclimatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention.”Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmhecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed.”

However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAdreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ratesofdeathfromillnesseshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.

B.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.

B.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists

C.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.

D.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.

B.Itdeservesourclosetsattention.

C.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced

B.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards

C.Howemissionsofheattrappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalsale.

D.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，“Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum…”，可知全球人道主義論壇的一份報(bào)告顯示，全球變暖每年導(dǎo)致30多萬人死亡，造成大約1250億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。可判斷出全球人道主義論壇發(fā)現(xiàn)全球變暖導(dǎo)致疾病死亡率上升。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一二段主要提到了人道主義論壇報(bào)告的具體內(nèi)容，第三段提到了相關(guān)態(tài)度和評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.”，可知這份報(bào)告招致了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的批評(píng)，他們對(duì)報(bào)告的方法和結(jié)論提出了質(zhì)疑?？膳袛喑鲞@份報(bào)告受到了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的質(zhì)疑。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“RogerPielkeJr….saidtheForum’sreportwas‘a(chǎn)methodologicalembarrassment…’”，可知皮爾克=表示，該論壇的報(bào)告存在“方法論的尷尬”?？膳袛喑鯠r.Pielke在方法論上是無效的。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“…sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.”，可知SorenAdreasen認(rèn)為這份報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)只是粗略估計(jì)，是針對(duì)世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，他們將在于12月在哥本哈根舉行會(huì)議，就一項(xiàng)新的國(guó)際氣候條約進(jìn)行談判。可判斷出Adreasen認(rèn)為報(bào)告的粗略估計(jì)是為了引起世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的注意。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.”，可知Annan強(qiáng)調(diào)，談判需要把重點(diǎn)放在增加從富有地區(qū)流向貧困地區(qū)的資金問題上，以幫助他們降低面對(duì)氣候?yàn)?zāi)害的脆弱性，同時(shí)減少溫室氣體的排放?？膳袛喑鯧ofiAnnan認(rèn)為哥本哈根會(huì)議的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在富國(guó)如何才能更好地幫助貧困地區(qū)減少氣候?yàn)?zāi)害的問題上。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

Corntariffs,whichthediplomathaddismissedas______issue,turnedouttobepertinentand______inthenegotiationsforanewtradeagreement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anapt…pusillanimous

B.anaberrant...indomitable

C.atangential…trenchant

D.aningenious…acclaimed

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.anapt…pusillanimous恰當(dāng)?shù)?，靈敏的……膽怯的，懦弱的B.anaberrant...indomitable違反常規(guī)的，反常的……不屈不撓的

C.atangential…trenchant切線的，離題的……尖刻的，苛刻的D.aningenious…acclaimed有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，機(jī)靈的……受到贊揚(yáng)的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“玉米關(guān)稅曾被這位外交官斥為______事情，現(xiàn)在在新貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判中被證明是有意義的和______”可知，玉米關(guān)稅現(xiàn)在被證明是有意義的，說明之前被認(rèn)為是“不合常理的”，第一個(gè)空格填入anaberrant符合句意；第二個(gè)空格與pertinent為并列成分，可知第二個(gè)空格表示積極的意義，綜合理解可知該題選擇B項(xiàng)最恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】玉米關(guān)稅曾被這位外交官斥為一件違反常規(guī)的事情，現(xiàn)在在新貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判中被證明是有意義的、不可動(dòng)搖的。

5.單選題

Opinionpollsurveysshowthatthepublicseescientistsinaratherunflatteringlight.

Commonlythescientistisalsoseenasbeingmale.Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female".

Theimagemostpeoplehaveofscienceandscientistscomesfromtheirownexperienceofschoolscience,andfromthemassmedia_ScienceteachersthemselvesSeeitasaproblemthatsomanyschoolpupilsfindschoolscienceanunsatisfyingexperience,thoughoverthelastfewyearsmoreandmorepupils,includinggirls,haveoptedforsciencesubjects.

Inspiteofexcellentdocumentaries,andsomegoodpopularsciencemagazines,scientificmodesinthemediastillusuallyalternatebetweenmiracleandscientificthreat.Thepopularstereotypeofscienceislikethemagicoffairytales:ithaspotentialforenormousgoodorawfulharm.Popularfictionisfullof“good”scientistssavingtheworld,and"mad"scientiststryingtodestroyit.

Fromallthemanyscientificstorieswhichmightbegivenmediatreatment,thosewhicharechosenareusuallythosewhichcanbeframedintermsoftheusualnewsangles:novelty,threat,conflictorthebizarre.Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities(asinembryoresearch),threateningpublichealth(asinweaponsresearch),orfightingitoutwitheachother(ingivingevidenceatpublicenquiriessuchasthoseheldontheissuesconnectedwithnuclearpower).

Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproduct

ofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible.Afurthereffectofthisisthatsciencecomestobeseenasathinginitself:akindofunpredictableforceatideofscientificprogress.

Itisnosuchthing,ofcourse.Scienceiswhatscientistsdo;whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates,andwhatisclonewiththeirworkdependsverymuchonwhohasthepowertochangetheirdiscoveriesintotechnology,andwhattheirinterestsare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,ordinary-peoplehaveapooropinionofscienceandscientistspartlybecause（

）.

2.Fewergirlsthanboysstudysciencebecause

（

）.

3.Mediatreatmentofsciencetendstoconcentrateon

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,over-personalizationofscientificworkwillleadscience

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatascientistdoes（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofthemisleadingofthemedia

B.opinionpollsareunflattering.

C.scientistsareshownnegativelyinthemedia

D.science,isconsideredtobedangerous

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theythinkthatscienceistoodifficult

B.theyareoftenunsuccessfulinscienceatschool

C.scienceisseenasaman’sjob

D.scienceisconsideredtobetedious

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theroutineeverydayworkofscientists

B.discoveriesthatthepublicwillunderstand

C.themoresensationalaspectsofscience

D.thesatisfactionsofscientificwork

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.isolationfromtherestoftheworld

B.improvementsonschoolsystem

C.associationwith"femaleness"

D.troubleharecruitingyoungtalent

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.shouldbeattributedtohisindividualgenius

B.dependsonthecoordinationofthesociety

C.showshisindependentpower

D.isunpredictable

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第三段提到人們對(duì)于科學(xué)的認(rèn)知大多來源于他們?cè)趯W(xué)校關(guān)于最科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)以及大眾媒體。文章第五段和第六段講述了大眾媒體對(duì)科學(xué)工作的負(fù)面描述和夸大（Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork），因而導(dǎo)致了人們對(duì)科學(xué)和科學(xué)家們有誤解，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句Itistruethatmostscientistsaremale,butthepictureofscienceasamaleactivitymaybeamajorreasonwhyfewergirlsthanboysoptforscience,exceptwhenitcomestobiology,whichisseenas"female"提到看為什么大部分科學(xué)家是男性，女性很少的原因，因?yàn)樗齻冋J(rèn)為科學(xué)就是男性的工作，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第五段Theroutineandoftentediousworkofthescientistslipsfromview,tobereplaced:withapictureofscientistsforeveroffendingpublicmoralsensibilities,threateningpublichealth,orfightingitoutwitheachother提到媒體關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)不再是科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)這些繁瑣的工作，而是將關(guān)注點(diǎn)放在科學(xué)家們沒有公共道德情感、危害公眾健康或者相互爭(zhēng)斗等等，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.文章第六段第一句Themassmediaalsolendstoover-personalizescientificwork,depictingitastheproductofindividualgenius,whileneglectingthesocialorganizationwhichmakesscientificworkpossible提到大眾媒體將科學(xué)工作過分私人化。作者認(rèn)為如果脫離了社會(huì)組織，科學(xué)工作將無法進(jìn)行。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到科學(xué)家們的工作是為了促進(jìn)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步whattheydoiswhataparticularkindofsocietyfacilitates，因此他們依靠的是整個(gè)社會(huì)的協(xié)作，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Specieswithrelatively（）metabolicrates,includinghibernators,generallylivelongerthanthosewhosemetabolicratesaremorerapid.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prolific

B.sedentary

C.sluggish

D.measured

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prolific“多產(chǎn)的，豐富的”；B選項(xiàng)sedentary“定居的，靜坐的”；C選項(xiàng)sluggish“蕭條的，遲鈍的”；D選項(xiàng)measured“量過的，慎重的”。根據(jù)句中關(guān)鍵信息“hibernators”以及后半句“通常比代謝率更快的物種活得更長(zhǎng)”可知，填空處應(yīng)指代謝率相對(duì)緩慢，所以選項(xiàng)C符合語境。句意：代謝率相對(duì)緩慢的物種，包括冬眠動(dòng)物，通常比代謝率更快的物種活得更長(zhǎng)。選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.單選題

Theweedsandtallgrassinthatyardmakethehouselookaslongasithasbeenvacantforquite

A

B

C

D

sometime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.weeds

B.make

C.look

D.aslongas

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語。aslongas意為“只要”，與句意不符，故用asif（好像，似乎）。

句意：院子里的雜草使得這座房子看起來似乎荒廢了很久。

試題答案：D;asif

8.單選題

Hisshirtfactoryisgrowingsofastthathemust（

）moreworkers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeon

B.takeup

C.takeout

D.takeover

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。takeon意為“承擔(dān)，接受，雇用”；takeup意為“開始從事”；takeout意為“取出，除去”；takeover意為“接收，接管”。

句意：他的襯衫工廠發(fā)展很快，以至于他必須雇傭更多的工人。

9.單選題

Manycompaniesallowyoutotryequipmentandwill______equipmenttoyouinyourownhome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.proclaim

B.demonstrate

C.recommend

D.package

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)proclaim“宣告；成為標(biāo)志”；B選項(xiàng)demonstrate“證實(shí)；表現(xiàn)，顯露”；C選項(xiàng)recommend“舉薦；建議”；D選項(xiàng)package“將……包裝好；包裝成”。句意：許多公司允許您試用設(shè)備，并將設(shè)備______送到您自己家中。橫線處和equipment“設(shè)備”形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)package“將……包裝好”可以進(jìn)行搭配，符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

WhendidtheSecondWorldWarbegin?Manyhistorians,1tothinkofEurope2thecenteroftheworld,datethewarfrom1September1939whenGermanyattackedPolanD.Thisisnotan3thatwouldsatisfytheAbyssiniansortheChineseforwhomthewarbeganearlier.ItwouldnotsatisfytheRussiansandAmericansforwhomthewarbeganlater.In4casethisEuropeanwar5endedinJune1940withGermany6theentireContinentwestofRussiA.Ifaformaldeclarationofwar7thestartingpoint,theSecondWorldWarbeganinApril1932whenMaoTse-tungandChou.ThedeclaredwaragainstJapan8oftheKiangsiSoviet.Ifwewait9thewarwasbeingfoughtineverycontinentexceptthetwoAmericas,thedate10be1942oreven1944.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concede

B.conceal

C.conditioned

D.considered

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.to

C.with

D.in

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.answer

B.advice

C.affection

D.assertion

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.any

B.both

C.either

D.neither

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.finally

B.eventually

C.ultimately

D.virtually

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.dominated

B.dominating

C.beingdominated

D.havingbeendominated

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.symbolizes

B.marks

C.implies

D.remarks

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.withthetitle

B.withthestatus

C.inthename

D.indesignation

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.if

B.since

C.after

D.until

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.would

B.should

C.must

D.may

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:D

【解析】1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)concede“承認(rèn)；退讓；給予，容許；讓步”；B選項(xiàng)conceal“隱藏；隱瞞”；C選項(xiàng)conditioned“決定；使適應(yīng)；使健康；以……為條件”；D選項(xiàng)considered“考慮；認(rèn)為；考慮到；細(xì)想”。根據(jù)上下文判斷出此處表達(dá)“認(rèn)為”，故D項(xiàng)最符合。

2.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文“thecenteroftheworld”可知此處想表達(dá)的是“認(rèn)為歐洲是世界的中心”,故as最為準(zhǔn)確。

3.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文“WhendidtheSecondWorldWarbegin?”這個(gè)問句，可以判斷出此處答案應(yīng)該是A選項(xiàng)answer“回答”。B選項(xiàng)advice“建議”；C選項(xiàng)affection“喜愛，感情；影響；感染”；D選項(xiàng)assertion“斷言，聲明；主張，要求；堅(jiān)持；認(rèn)定”。

4.考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)inanycase“不管怎樣；總之；在任何情況下”；B選項(xiàng)inbothcase“在兩種情況下”；C選項(xiàng)ineithercase“不論發(fā)生何種情況”；D選項(xiàng)inneithercase“在兩種情況下都不”。根據(jù)語境和句意，可知A為正確答案。

5.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)finally表達(dá)經(jīng)過一長(zhǎng)段時(shí)間（通常是指經(jīng)歷了困難和滯遲），表示“終于……”；B選項(xiàng)eventually“最終”含有時(shí)間因素，表示目前還未發(fā)生，但終將發(fā)生；C選項(xiàng)ultimately“最終”除了包含時(shí)間因素外，還有狀態(tài)順序，表示最基本因素；D選項(xiàng)virtually“事實(shí)上，幾乎；實(shí)質(zhì)上”。根據(jù)下文“endedinJune1940”及詞義判斷出答案為A。

6.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。dominate意為控制，結(jié)合上文ended的時(shí)態(tài)，表示過去，可知A為正確答案。

7.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)symbolize“象征；用符號(hào)表現(xiàn)；采用象征；使用符號(hào)；作為……的象征”；B選項(xiàng)mark“標(biāo)志；做標(biāo)記于；打分?jǐn)?shù)”；C選項(xiàng)imply“意味；暗示；隱含”；D選項(xiàng)remark“評(píng)論；覺察”。根據(jù)下文“theSecondWorldWarbeganinApril1932whenMaoTse-tungandChou”可知空格處應(yīng)為“象征、代表”，因此A最合適。

8.考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)withthetitleof“標(biāo)題為”；B選項(xiàng)withthestatusof“以……的地位”；C選項(xiàng)inthenameof“以……的名義”；D選項(xiàng)indesignationof“指定”。theKiangsiSoviet意為“中華蘇維埃共和國(guó)”，根據(jù)上下文“ThedeclaredwaragainstJapan28oftheKiangsiSoviet”以及句意判斷出正確答案為C。

9.考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。until引導(dǎo)從句，waituntil表示直到；等到；等待某個(gè)條件滿足；留待；一直等到，符合句意“IfwewaituntilthewarwasbeingfoughtineverycontinentexceptthetwoAmericas...”,中文翻譯為：如果我們等到除了兩個(gè)美洲以外的所有大陸都在打仗。因此答案為D

10.考查條件狀語從句。此處是if引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句，真實(shí)條件句一般遵循主將從現(xiàn)、主情從現(xiàn)（情指情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）、主祈從現(xiàn)（祈指祈使句）等原則。因此可知D為正確答案。

11.單選題

Thesecurityguard（）twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.expelled

B.propelled

C.repelled

D.dispelled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)expelled“開除；驅(qū)逐”；B選項(xiàng)propelled“推進(jìn)；促使”；C選項(xiàng)repelled“擊退；驅(qū)逐”；D選項(xiàng)dispelled“消除”。句意：保安人員……兩名在法庭喊叫的男子。法庭不允許大聲喧嘩，因此空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入與驅(qū)逐有關(guān)的單詞。由此可以排除B選項(xiàng)。expel意為“趕走”；repel意為“擊退，排斥，拒絕”；dispel意為“驅(qū)散（云霧等）”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Wenowcometothevitaltopicofmoney.First,wemustrememberthatscience,onanysignificantscale,existsonlyineconomieswherethereissurplusofgoodsandservices.Aprosperouseconomyformsanecessarybaseforscientificwork.Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped"countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupporting—anysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch.ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered.Theprimarythemeofhisaddressisthatthegapisnotclosing;onthecontrary,itsteadilygrowswider.

TheUnitedStates,asthemostwealthyindustrialnation,spendsagreateramountonresearchanddevelopmentthananyothernations.Itisbeyondthescopeofthisbooktoconsiderindetailwhethertheamountspentisadequate,eitherinrelationtoourowneconomyorinrelationtoourpositionintheworld.Atbestthequestionisanopenone.

Inthelastfewyears,financialsupportforsciencehaschangedsignificantly.Itisfrustratingtoreportthat,inspiteofnumerousstatementsabouttheextentandnatureofthesechanges,ithasbeenimpossibletofindsufficientagreementtobesurejustwhathashappened.Twopointsdoappearclear.First,therehasbeenanoverallcutinresearchfunds,furtherreinforcedbysubstantialinflationofprices.Second,therehasbeenincreasedemphasison"relevant"researchthatisresearchwithimmediatepracticalapplications.

Onereportthatreflectsmostcloselyourownestimateofthesituationwasmadebyafive-membercommitteefromtheNationalAcademyofSciences.ThisgroupinvestigatedfundingofchemistryprojectsbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf.Thecommitteefoundthatvariousinstitutes,in-houseresearch,administrativebudgets,andcontinuingextramural（校外的）grantshadbeenprotectedwiththeresultthatnewandrenewalgrantshadbecomeadisasterarea.Otherreportsstatingthatfederalinstitutes’fundshavehadonlylimitedcutshaveapparentlyignoredthepointmadebytheNationalAcademyCommittee.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe"underdeveloped"countries?

2.Whichofthefollowingwordsmeansnearlythesameas“disparity”usedinline6ofparagraphone?

3.“Atbestthequestionisanopenone”inthesecondparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.Whichareaofresearchhassufferedmostfromthecutsinthefederalinstitutes’funds?

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldbebestusedforthetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyneedscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearchbadly.

B.Theyaretoopoortospareenoughforthedevelopmentofscience.

C.Theyhaveotherprioritiesinsteadofspendingadecentamountofmoneyonscience.

D.Allofabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Dispute

B.Diversion

C.Inequality

D.Argument

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thequestionhastobelefttothepublictodecide

B.thequestionistooself-evidenttobediscussedanyfurther

C.differentpeoplemayhavedifferentopinionaboutthisquestion

D.moreinformationhastobecollectedbeforethequestioncanbefinallyanswered

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Appliedresearch

B.Basicresearch

C.Chemistryprojects

D.Newresearchprojects

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Disputeaboutresearchfunding

B.Trendsofresearchfunding

C.Researchanddevelopment

D.Basicandappliedresearches

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:他們對(duì)科學(xué)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和研發(fā)有極強(qiáng)的需求,B:他們太窮，以至于沒有足夠的科學(xué)發(fā)展資金,C:他們有其他需要優(yōu)先考慮的事情，而不是花大量資金在科研上。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞the“underdeveloped”countries定位至第一段:Tragically,theeconomiesofthe"underdeveloped”countries,wheretheneedisoverwhelming,havenotsupported--norhavetheybeencapableofsupportinganysubstantialscientificandtechnicaltrainingorresearch(可悲的是，欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家有很強(qiáng)的科研需求，但其經(jīng)濟(jì)卻無法支持，或者沒有能力支持任何一項(xiàng)實(shí)質(zhì)的科學(xué)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)或研發(fā)),由此判斷此題選D“以上所有選項(xiàng)”。

2.詞義題?！癲isparity”所在句為:ReadthespeechofP.M.S.Blackette,PresidentoftheRoyalSociety,inwhichtheexistinggreatdisparitybetweenthe"have"and"have-not"economiesisconsidered(閱讀皇家學(xué)會(huì)主席P.M.S.Blackette的演講，其中就考慮了“有”和“沒有”經(jīng)濟(jì)體之間存在的巨大…),由此推測(cè),“disparity”表示“不同”或者“差異”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,C項(xiàng)inequality(不同)與之意思最為接近。

3.語義題。“Atbestthequestionisanopenone”表示“充其量是一個(gè)開放的問題”,因此C項(xiàng)“對(duì)此問題，不同的人有不同的觀點(diǎn)”比較符合這句話意思。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出:Thecommitteeconcludedthatfundinghadbeendeclinedbyanaverageof20%andthatthesectionmostcloselyrelatedtobasicresearchhadfundscutinhalf(委員會(huì)得出的結(jié)論是，資金平均己經(jīng)削減了20%,與此最密切相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)研究的基金減少一半)。故選B“基礎(chǔ)研究”。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要講述了財(cái)政對(duì)科研的支持的不同報(bào)道和不同觀點(diǎn)。經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力強(qiáng)的國(guó)家能為科研提供更多支持，經(jīng)濟(jì)欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家更需要發(fā)展科研，但是卻沒有足夠的資金支持，因此人們對(duì)于財(cái)政支持科研發(fā)展有不同的觀點(diǎn)看法。因此A項(xiàng)“關(guān)于研究經(jīng)費(fèi)的討論”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

13.單選題

（

）eatriceratherthanpotatoes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mostofpeople

B.Mostofthepeople

C.Themostofpeople

D.Themostpeople

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。most后面可以直接跟可數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“大多數(shù)”；mostof后面接有定冠詞、指示代詞或物主代詞所修飾的名詞，表示“特定范圍中的大多數(shù)”；themost后面通常跟形容詞，表示最高級(jí)。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

14.單選題

Whilethemissionofpublicschoolshasexpandedbeyondeducationtoincludesocialsupportandextra-curricularactivities,theacademicschedulehaschangedlittleinmorethanacentury.

Reclaimingtheschooldayforacademicinstructionandescapingthetime-boundtraditionsofeducationarevitalstepsintheschool-reformprocess,saysareportreleasedtodaybytheNationalEducationCommissiononTimeandLearning.

Thecommission'sreport,titled"PrisonersofTime,"callsthefixedclockandcalendarinAmericaneducationa"fundamentaldesignflaw”indesperateneedofchange."Timeshouldservechildreninsteadofchildrenservingtime,"thereportsays.

Thetwo-yearcommissionfoundthatholdingAmericanstudentsto"world-classstandards"willrequiremoretimeforclassroominstruction."Wehavebeenaskingtheimpassibleofourstudentsthattheylearnasmuchastheirforeignpeerswhilespendinghalfasmuchasincoreacademicsubjects,"itstates.

TheCommissioncomparedtherelationshipsbetweentimeandlearninginJapan,Germany,andtheUnitedStatesandfoundthatAmericanstudentsreceivelessthanhalfthebasicacademicinstructionthatJapaneseandGermanstudentsareprovided.Onaverage,Americanstud