Unit1牛津版?zhèn)湔n資料AmericanHighSchoolLifeHighSchoolInAmerica,aftermiddleschoolcomeshighschool,whichincludesgrades9through12.StudentsarerequirestotakecertainsubjectslikeEnglish,socialstudies,math,science,andphysicaleducation.Inaddition,theychooseamongelectivesubjectstocompletetheirhighschooleducation.Electiveincludesubjectsintechnology,music,art,andforeignlanguages.Eachstudentintheschoolhastheirownlockerforbooksandpersonalitems.Thisconveniencesavesstudentsfromcarryingtextbooks,andallowsstudentsasmallspacetheycandecoratewithpostersandfavoriteobjects.CheatinginanyformisstrictlyprohibitedinAmericanschools.Andinfact,highschoolstudentsusuallydon’tcheat.Astudentcaughtinplagiarism,forgery,orcopyinganotherstudentfacesseverediscipline,evenexpulsion.SportsMosthighschoolshaveatleastonesportsteamthatcompetesinlocalevents,andallstudentsareencouragedtobeinvolvedinathletics.Schoolsoftenofferfootball,baseballandsoftball,basketball,volleyball,tennis,andsoccer.Somemayevenhavesportslikegolf,swimming,gymnasticsandcross-countryskiing.JobsManyhighschoolstudentshavepart-timejobsbytheageof15or16,someevenearlier.Theirfirstjobsareoftenbabysittingorcuttinglawns,butlatertheywilllikelygetajobatafast-foodrestaurant,videostore,orclothingshop.DrivingSixteenyearsoldislegaldrivingageinmoststates,andstudentsusuallywanttoownacarassoonastheycan.Someparentsallowtheirchildrentodriveafamilyvehicle,andmayevenbuyacarasagraduationpresent.Otherspreferthattheirsonsanddaughtersearnenoughtopurchaseausedvehicle.Regardless,manyteenagersfeelit’sanecessitytoownacar,andwilldowhateverittakestobeabletodrive.(fromthemagazine“Avenglish”edition2022.4.)EducationinBritainandtheUSAspectsBritainUSAgesInBritainallchildrenhavetogotoschoolbetweentheagesof5and16.IntheUSchildrenmustgotoschoolfromtheageof6tobetweentheagesof14and16,dependingonthestatetheylivein.subjectsInEnglandandWalesthesubjectstaughtinschoolsarelaiddownbytheNationalCurriculum(課程),whichwasintroducedin1988andsetsout(制定)indetailthesubjectsthatchildrenshouldstudyandthelevelsofachievementtheyshouldreachbytheagesof7,11,14and16,whentheyaretested.TheNationalCurriculumdoesnotapplyinScotland,whereeachschooldecideswhatsubjectsitwillteach.IntheUSthesubjectstaughtaredecidedbynationalandlocalgovernments.WhereasBritishschoolsusuallyhaveprayers(祈禱)andreligious(宗教的)instruction,Americanschoolsarenotallowedtoincludeprayersortoteachparticularreligiousbeliefs(信仰).examinationsAt16studentsinEnglandandWalestakeGCSEexaminations.Theseexaminationsaretakenbystudentsofalllevelsofabilityinanyofarangeofsubjectsandmayinvolveafinalexamination,anassessment(評價)ofworkdoneduringthetwoyearcourse,orbothofthesethings.At18somestudentstakenA-levelexaminations,usuallyinnotmorethan3subjects.ItisnecessarytohaveA-levelsinordertogotoauniversityorpolytechnic(綜合技術大學).InScotlandstudentstaketheSCEexaminations.Ayearlater,theycantakeexaminationscalledHIGHS,afterwhichtheycaneithergostraighttoauniversityorspendafurtheryearatschoolandtaketheCertificate(證書)ofSixthYearStudy.InScotlandtheuniversitysystemisdifferenttothatinEnglandandWales.Coursesusuallylastfouryearsratherthanthreeandstudentsstudyalargernumberofsubjectsaspartoftheirdegree.IntheUSschoolexaminationsarenotasimportantastheyareinBritain.StudentsinHighSchoolsdohaveexamsattheendoftheirlasttwoyears,butthesefinalexamsareconsideredalongwiththeworkthatthestudentshavedoneduringtheschoolyears.socialeventsandceremonies(儀式)InBritain,therearenoformaldancesorsocialoccasions(場合)associated(和……有關)withschoollife.SomeschoolshaveSPEECHDAYattheendoftheschoolyearwhenprizesaregiventothebeststudentsandspeechesaremadebytheheadteacherandsometimesaninvitedguest.However,inmanyBritishschoolsstudentsandteachersorganize(組織)informaldancesfortheolderstudents.InAmericanhighschoolsthereisaformalceremonyforGraduation(=completionofhighschool).Studentswearaspecialcapandgownandreceiveadiploma(文憑)fromtheheadoftheschool.Studentsoftenbuyaclassringtowear,andayearbook,containingpicturesoftheirfriendsandteachers.TherearealsospecialsocialeventsatAmericanschools.Sportseven