Unit

4Earthquakes基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)分類排查；災(zāi)禍ruin

n．廢墟；nation

n．民族；國家；國民vt.report；使nationalaccidentnationalityelectricalcongratulate去式

injure

v．損害；adj.

受傷的n.動(dòng)詞

v．?dāng)喽ǎ慌袛?；；n.

裁判員

n.adj.

破壞性的

shock

v．(使)震n.

休克；打擊；

adj.驚；的→

adj.

令人

的

express

vt.

表達(dá)trap

v．使陷入困境

n.

陷阱；困境→

trapped

過去→

injured→

injuryfrighten

v．使驚嚇→frightenedadj.

受驚的→

frightening

adj.

令人恐懼的

judge→judgement判斷，審判

destroy

v．破壞；毀壞→

destruction

n.破壞→

destructive→shockedshocking式→

trapped

過去分詞

bury

vt.

掩埋；隱藏→buried過去式

burst

v．爆裂；爆發(fā)

n.

突然破裂→

burst

過n.

快車；速遞→

expression

n.

詞語；表達(dá)→

expressive

adj.

有表現(xiàn)力的形容詞/副詞useless

adj.

無用的；無效的→

useful

(反義詞)extreme

adj.

極度的→

extremely adv.

極其，非常

sincerely

adv.

地動(dòng)詞短語dig

out 掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)

wake

up

醒來give

a

speech介詞短語atan

end

結(jié)束；終結(jié)

in

ruins

嚴(yán)重受損形容詞/副詞短語right

away

adv.

立刻；馬上

a(great)

number of

adj.

許多；大量的短語連詞as

if

仿佛；好像In

the

farmyards，the

chickens

and

even

the

pigswere

too

nervous

toeat

.在農(nóng)家大院里的雞，甚至連豬都緊張得不想吃食。It

seemed

asif

the

world

was

at

an

end.

好像重點(diǎn)

世界

到了。句式

3．

Everywhere

they

looked

nearlyeverything

was

destroyed.人們無論朝哪里看，那里的一切都幾乎被毀了。Allhope

Was

not

lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。Mice

ran

out

of

the

fields

looking

for

places

tohide

.老鼠跑出田地，尋找地方躲藏。單元語法：定語從句company

myfather.The

noodles

that/which

I

had

were

delicious.This

is

the

boy

whose compositiontheteacher

talked

of.3．The

boss

inwhoseworked

is

a

verykind課前自主預(yù)習(xí)手冊Ⅰ.詞匯訓(xùn)練A．語境填詞1．A

great

many

houses

were

(破壞)in

theearthquake

and

many

people

becamehomeless.[答案]

destroyed2

．

When

an

earthquake

comes

people

can

feel

thehouse

(

)．[答案]

shaking3．Afterwinning

the

men's

400m

free

in

the

WorldSwimming

Championships，he

(突然)into

tearsand

thanked

hiscoach.[答案]burst4

．Many

men

were

(埋葬)undergroundwhen

theaccident

at

the

minehappened.[答案]buriedThe

( )

and

sufferings

brought

aboutby

World

War

Ⅱ

shall

never

be

forgotten.[答案]

disasterThe

firemen

(

援救)

the

boy

from

theburning

house.[答案]

rescuedTeachers

have

(表達(dá))

concern

about

theemphasisontesting.[答案]

expressedWhile

I

was

cooking

supper，the

(電)wentoff.[答案]

electricity

(判斷)

from

what

he

said

just

now，hemust

be

an

honestman.[答案]

JudgingThesoldiers

(使陷入困境)their

enemiesand

forced

them

to

give

in.[答案]

trappedB．用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空The

headmaster

wrote

a

letter

to

her

onher

good

performance

and

the

exciting

encouragedher

greatly.(congratulate)[答案]congratulate；congratulationsOn

seeing

the

scene，the

little

girl

wasso

that

she

burst

outcrying.(frighten)[答案]frightening；frightenedIn

the

crash

he

was

seriously

.He

sufferedsevere

to

the

head

and

arms.(injure)[答案]

injured；injuriesThe

of

the

railway

was

a

big

loss

in

thestorm，which

was

the

most

in30years.(destroy)[答案]

destruction；destructive5．He

was

to

learn

his

wife

was

killed

in

atraffic

accident.The

newshim.(shock)[答案]

shocked；shockwas

a

terrible

toA．用方框think

little

of；be

probe

buried

in；put

up1．I

the

heavy

rain

oschool

yesterday.[答案]

was

trapped

in2．When

I

came

in，he

playingcomputer

games

in

his

study.[答案]

was

buried

in3．I

didn't

persuade

them

to

do

the

experiment

in

thatway；you

know，they

my

suggestion.[答案]

thought

little

of4．

hismuch

ofour

plan.[答案]

Judgingfromlook

，

he

doesn't

thinkHis

past

record

is

certainly

something

to

.[答案]

be

proudofThe

houses

in

1976

and

are

stillvery

strongnow.[答案]

were

put

upB．用方框內(nèi)所給短語填空right

away；a

great

number

of；at

an

end；as

if；inruins1．St.

Petersburg

was

almost

：firesburned

everywhere.[答案]

in

ruins2

．

You

treat

them

they

were

yourownparents.[答案]

as

if

world

famous

paintings

are

onshow

in

this

exhibition.[答案]

A

great

number

ofWhen

the

meeting

conversation

was

，they

all

rose

and

left.[答案]

at

anendHe

is

ill；you

should

call

in

thedoctor

.[答案]

rightawayⅢ.句型訓(xùn)練He

was

unhappy；

he

wantedus

to

leave.他不太高興，看起來他好像想讓我們離開。[答案]

it

seemed

as

ifHe

is

so

difficult

a

problem.他太小了不能理解這么難的問題。[答案]

too

young

tounderstand在3．All

night

long

he

lay

awake，

.他整夜躺不睡覺，思考著那個(gè)問題。[答案]thinking

of

the

problem4

．The

football

player

is

rolling

on

theground

badlyintheleg.那個(gè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在操場上打著滾，好像他的腿傷得很厲害。[答案]as

if(he

is)

hurt5．Ilove

running，but

is

bornto

be

arunner.我喜歡跑步，但不是每個(gè)人生來就適合跑步。[答案]

noteverybodyⅣ.語法訓(xùn)練1

．

(2015·

石

家

莊

二

檢

改

編

)The

little girl

，

was

not

little

anymore，left

home

and

went

intothe

world.[解析]

根據(jù)先行詞“Thelittlegirl”可知，此處用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語。[答案]

who2

．

When

you get

stressed

，

one

of

thethings

happenis

that

blood

pressure

rises.[解析]句意：當(dāng)你遇到壓力時(shí)，首先發(fā)生的事情之一是你的血壓升高?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞things，由于things被the

修飾，所以只能用that。[答案]

that3

．

Mrs.

White

is

a

teacher

with

rich

teachingexperience，from

much

can

belearned.[解析]

句意：White

夫人是一位教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的老師，從她那兒能學(xué)到很多(

東西)。定語從句的先行詞為Mrs.White，指人，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞作介詞from

的賓語，故用關(guān)系詞whom。[答案]

whom4

．(2015·

西寧一檢改編)It

is

important

to

fly

ourdreams

，

especially

for

those

are

senior

highschoolstudents.[解析]分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，those后的句子是一個(gè)定語從句。關(guān)系詞指代人，代替先行詞在從句中作主語，故填who。指代人的不定代詞作先行詞且在從句中作主語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用who。[答案]

who5．The

old

woman

often

told

her

grandson

the

pastdays

she

worked

hard

to

make

a

living.[解析]

句意：這位老婦人經(jīng)常給 孫子講她過去辛苦謀生的日子。分析句子成分可知，先行詞為the

past

days，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，故用when引導(dǎo)該定語從句。[答案]

whenⅤ1．He

was

on

the

pin.[答案]while→when2．Hproblem.[答案]He→It3．Tof

these

events，were

asleep

as[答案]which→who4．Ikilometers

away.[答案]where→which5．Tearthquake.[答案]was→were單詞短語應(yīng)試點(diǎn)撥1．rise

vi.上升，升起；(價(jià)格、費(fèi)用等)上漲；起身；起床[應(yīng)試方向]

一詞多義以及同類詞的含義辨析[

P26]

For

three

days

the

water

of

the

village

wellsrose

and

fell,rose

and

fell.連續(xù)三天村里的井水起起浮浮。Sales

rose

by

20%over

the

Christmas.圣誕節(jié)期間銷售量增長了20%。類詞辨析rise

(rose,

risen)vi.上升；上漲；起身arise

(arose,

arisen)vi.起來；升起；出現(xiàn)；呈現(xiàn)raise

(raised,

raised)vt.舉起；籌 金等)；飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；種植[名師微語]

掌握以上三個(gè)詞，除其用法外，掌握其詞性以及過去式和過去分詞的形式也是十分重要的。用rise,arise

和raise

的適當(dāng)形式填空①(2015·吉林實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三階段檢測)A

complesituationwill

when

the

examination

system

comesinto

existence.[答案]

arise②The

water

level

of

this

river

is

going

to

to17

metres

because

of

the

rain.[答案]

rise③Thepriceofmeathasbeen

recently.[答案]

raised2．burst

vt.&vi.(使)爆裂；(使)裂開；(使)炸開；突然出現(xiàn)；爆發(fā)

n．突然破裂；爆發(fā)[應(yīng)試方向]

“burst＋介(副)詞”類短語的含義[ P26]In

the

city,the

water

pipes

in

somebuildingscrackedandburst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來。burst out

crying/laughing

burst

intotears/laughter

突然哭起來/笑起來burst/break

in/into

闖入，突然破門而入burst

with

anger/grief/joy

勃然大怒/悲痛欲絕/樂不可支[名師微語]

部分同學(xué)對(duì)

burst into

和

burst out

后面跟什么形式分不清，名師告訴你：into

是介詞，后面當(dāng)然要接名詞，如tears,

laughter

等；out

是副詞，后面須用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，如crying,

laughing

等。另外，burst

in

中的

in

是副詞，不接賓語，需接賓語時(shí)用

into。在

burst

with＋名詞中，with

表示原因。你記住了嗎？Last

night

the

room

was

burst

into

but

nothing

wastaken

away.昨晚有人闖入房間但沒有帶走任何東西。介、副詞填空①M(fèi)y

father

burst

awhen

he

came

into

the

room.[解析]

考查固定短語。burstwithanger是固定短語，意為：勃然大怒。[答案]

with②On

seeing

the

former

champion

of

the

Olympicsappear

on

the

stage,the

audience

burst

cheering.[解析]

考查固定短語。句意：一看到前奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，觀眾爆發(fā)出歡呼聲。burst

outburst

into＋n.。[答案]

outng相當(dāng)于③She

was

so

amused

with

the

magician's

tricks

that

sheburst

as

.[解析]

考查burst的用法。句意：她對(duì)魔術(shù)師的表演如此開心以至于突然笑起來。burst into后接名詞，相當(dāng)于burst

out＋[答案]ng，表示“突然……起來”。into；3．ruin

n．[U]毀壞；跡

v．(使)

；(使)

；n．[C](pl.)廢墟；遺[

P26]

In

fifteen

terrible

seconds

a

large

city

lay

inruins.在可怕的15

秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就成為一片廢墟。inruins

成為廢墟(注意復(fù)數(shù)形式)bring

sb.

to

ruin

使

失?。皇箖A家蕩產(chǎn)come/fall

to/into

ruin

，

；

；破壞掉ruin

one's

health/fame

毀壞

的健康/名譽(yù)(2015·福建卷)Don't

let

negativity

ruin

your

motivation.不要讓消極的觀念毀掉你的

。類詞辨析ruin指經(jīng)過長時(shí)間的侵蝕damage一般是部分損壞，可以修復(fù)destroy指徹底的毀壞、摧毀，不可修復(fù)A．語法填空①YearsoffightinghasleftIraq

(ruin)．[答案]

ruined②It

rained

for

two

weeks

(ruin)

our

holiday.on end

，

comple

y[答案]

ruining③This

country

was

once

proud

ofsystem.Nowitseemstobe

ruins.its

education[答案]

inB．用destroy,damage和ruin的適當(dāng)形式填空④A

torrent

of

rain

came

down

and

thecrops.[答案]

damaged⑤His

house

was

comple

y

，

so

the

farmerdecided

to

build

a

new

one.[答案]

destroyed⑥According

to

a

recent

survey,

too

many

cigarettes

andtoomuchwine

many

people's

health.[答案]

are

ruining4．injure

vt.損害；[應(yīng)試方向]

類詞含義的辨析與考查[

P26]

Two-thirds

of

them

died

or

were

injured中

或受傷。during

the

earthquake.他們中有2/3

在injured

adj.受傷的the

injured

傷員injury

n.

傷；傷口；do

sb.

an

injury/do

an

injuryto

sb.The

injured

were

sent

to

hospital

right

away.傷員被立即送往醫(yī)院。類詞辨析injure多指意外事故造成的

，也可指對(duì)名譽(yù)、地位的損害wound指人在戰(zhàn)斗、 中受傷，身體上出現(xiàn)明顯的傷口，多指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷hurt多指精神上受到 ，也可指身體上的疼痛用hurt，wou①He

retired

from

the

armfight.

Soon

after,

he

met

with

an

accidentnot

luckilybut

to

some

degr[答案]

being

wounded；injured；was

hurt②(2015·青島質(zhì)檢)I

received

his

mother's

phone

call

atten.

Only

then

did

I

know

that

he

in

an

accidentthe

day

before

yesterday.[答案]

was

injured5．trap

vt.使陷入困境；困住；誘騙

n．陷阱；困境[應(yīng)試方向]

非謂語動(dòng)詞句

能的考查[

P26]

Some

of

the

rescue

workers

and

doctorswere

trapped

under

the

ruins.有些救援

和醫(yī)生被困在廢墟下。set/lay

a

trap

for

為……設(shè)下圈套be

caught

in

a

trap＝fall

into

a

trap

落入陷阱be

trapped

in

被困在……；使陷入……困境trap

sb.

into

ng...誘騙

做……語法填空①Were

you

just

trying

to

trap

hermistaken

decision?[答案]

into②HermotherDonna

(trap)

in

the

destroyedbuilding.[答案]

wastrapped③Mary

set

a

trap

Peter

and

he

really

fell

it.[答案]

for；into④

(trap)

in

a

traffic jam

，

he

had

to

bepatient，waiting.[答案]

Trapped6．bury

v．埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；沉浸；覆蓋(cover)；掩藏(hide)[應(yīng)試方向]

非謂語動(dòng)詞句能的考查[

P26]

The

army

organized

teams

to

dig

out

thosewho

were

trapped

and

to

bury

the

dead.救援組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，并將死者掩埋。bury

one's

face

in

one's

hands

雙手掩面bury

oneself

in

埋頭于，專心于be

buried

in,專心于[拓展探究]

表示“專心于……”時(shí)，除beburiedin外還有哪些？[答案]

be

absorbed

in；fix

one's

attention

on;

payattention

to等。Since

she

left,he

has

been

buried/has

buried

himself

inhis

work.自從她走后，他全心撲在工作上。語法填空①Shesatthere,

(bury)

inthought.[答案]

buried②

(bury)himself

in

the

newspaper,

he

didn'tnotice

what

washappening.[解析]

bury

oneself

in

＝

be

buried

in埋頭于，專心于。[答案]

Burying7．shelter

n．[U]

掩蔽；遮蔽；庇護(hù)；棲身地vi.躲避vt.提供庇護(hù)所[

P26]

Workers

built

shelters

for

survivors

who...工人們?yōu)槟切┬掖嬲叽钇饚づ?。take

shelter

from

躲避……under

the

shelter

of

在……的庇護(hù)下；受……的保護(hù)shelter

sb.庇護(hù)Some

parents

want

to

shelter

their

kids

from

every

kindof

danger,real

or

imagined.有些父母想保護(hù)孩子，以使孩子免遭任何實(shí)際的或者憑空想象出來的

。語法填空①People

took

shelter

the

shower

in

thedepartment

store.[答案]

from②The

house

used

to

(shelter)from

the

coldwind

by

the

trees,

but

now

the

trees

are

gone.[答案]

be

sheltered8．congratulation(

P30)n.祝賀；(復(fù)數(shù))賀詞[應(yīng)試方向]

交際用語中的用法①Congratulations

on

your

happy

marriage!

祝賀你喜結(jié)良緣！②Congratulations

on

your

new

job！祝賀你有了新工作。類詞辨析celebrate

v.celebration

n．表示“慶祝，祝賀”，指以行動(dòng)(如送禮、開聚會(huì)等)來慶祝生日、節(jié)日等，celebrate的對(duì)象是事物congratulate

v.congratulation

n．意為“祝賀”，指用言語表達(dá)賀意，其對(duì)象是人③

John

and

I

will

celebrate

our

fortieth

weddingnext

month.我和

下個(gè)月將慶祝我們結(jié)婚

40。[名師微語]congratulation

n．祝賀，賀詞。應(yīng)用功、結(jié)婚、畢業(yè)等個(gè)人性的祝詞，不用于節(jié)日致辭，常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，且與介詞

on

連用。congratulate

是及物動(dòng)詞。構(gòu)成短語

congratulate

sb.

on

sth.為某事祝賀

。語法填空①—I

got

that

job

I

wanted

atthe

public

library.—

(congratulate)!

That's

good

news.[答案]

Congratulations②I

congratulate

on

having

chosen

a

goodwomanto

be

mywife.[答案]

myself③We

congratulated

him

having

passed

theexam.[答案]

onP30)

v．?dāng)喽?；判斷；n．裁判員；語法填空①You

should

never

judge

a[答案]

by②

honest

man.[答案]

Judging

hislooks.P30)

v．準(zhǔn)備；調(diào)制準(zhǔn)備……②Jprep

ra作準(zhǔn)備。語法填空①The

Foreign

Minister

w

such

questions.[答案]

for②If

we

hconference

wouldn't

have

been

so

successful.[答案]

preparations③Well

_felt

quite

confident.[答案]

prepared11．honor

v．尊重；尊敬；給( )榮譽(yù)n．榮譽(yù)[

P30]

Nextmonththe

city

will

open

a

ne rk

tohonour

those

who

died

in

the

terrible

disaster.下個(gè)月我市將開放一個(gè)新公園，以紀(jì)念在那次可怕的

中死去的人們。in

honour

of...為了紀(jì)念……，為向……表示敬意show/give

honour

to...向……表示敬意have

the

honour

ofsth./of ngsth.得到某殊榮；有幸做某事honour

sb.(withsth.)尊敬/尊重(2015·

卷

表達(dá))I

felt

honored

to

have

the

chanceto

help

you

with

your

Mandarin

learning.有機(jī)會(huì)幫助你學(xué)習(xí)普通語我感到十分榮幸。介詞填空①As

a

student,

he

should

show

hteachers.[答案]

to②Wouldyouhonourus

avisit?[答案]

with③He's

ready

to

fight

the honour

of

hiscountry.[答案]

for④A

e

dinner

was

given

honour ofthe

visiting

of

our

friendsfrom

America.[答案]

in12．think

little

of

以為……沒什么了不起；對(duì)……滿不在乎；輕視；忽視[應(yīng)試方向][

P26]“thank＋副詞＋of”在寫作中的運(yùn)用But

the

one

million

people

of

the

city,

whothought

little

of

these

events,

were

asleep

as

usual

that

night.但唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒把這些情況當(dāng)回事兒，當(dāng)天晚上照常

睡覺了。think

much/highly/well

of

重視；看重；對(duì)……高度評(píng)價(jià)be

well/highly

thought

of

被……高度評(píng)價(jià)sing

high

praise

for

高度評(píng)價(jià)[

拓

展

探

究

]

和

thinkthink_ill_(badly,_nothing)_of...。littleof...

類似的還有[一句填讀]

Mr.Zhang

thinks

much

of

his

work,

butthinks

little

of

money,so

he

is

well

thought

of.

張先生重視工作，輕視金錢，所以他受到了高度評(píng)價(jià)。A．完成句子①Aschildren，we

theseeducationalwonders.作為孩子對(duì)這些教育的[答案]

thought

very

little

aboutB②(2014·遼寧新民writer，is

not

only

(high)but

also

admired

all

over

the

world.[解析]

考查副詞的用法。think

highly

of是固定搭配，意為“高度評(píng)價(jià)(贊揚(yáng))……”。[答案]

highly13．a(chǎn)t

an

end

結(jié)束；終結(jié)[應(yīng)試方向]與

end

構(gòu)成不同介詞短語的含義辨析It

seemed

as

if

the

world

was

at

an

end.

好[

P26]像世界到了。類詞辨析at

of既可作時(shí)間狀語也可作地點(diǎn)狀語，表示

“在……末，在……的盡頭；在……的末梢”by

of用作時(shí)間狀語，表示“到……末為止；不遲于……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)最后時(shí)限，常和過去完成時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)態(tài)連用in用作時(shí)間狀語，表示“最后；終于”，不可與of連用By

theEnglish

words.到去年底為止，他已學(xué)了2000

個(gè)用

at

an

end,at ,in

和

by①They

gave

up

the

plan

.[答案]

in填空②Thehotdaysareatlast

.[答案]

at

anend③

of

last

month,

he

had

been

lost

for

twoyears.[答案]

By④

of

the

party

he

remained

to

clean

theroom.[答案]

At14．a(chǎn)

(great)

number

of( P26)許多；大量的(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù))[應(yīng)試方向]

(1)主謂一致

(2)number

前冠詞的考查the

number

of...

……的數(shù)量(作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))表示“許多；大量”的其他表達(dá)方式：a

great/good

many＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞manyquite

a

fewa

great/good

many

of＋(the，my

等)修飾語＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞a

lot

of/lots

of＋plenty

of復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞ties

ofmasses

of＋可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞a

great/large

amount

of＋a

great

deal

of不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞①(2015·

卷)There

are

an

extremely

large

number

ofants

worldwide.全世界有數(shù)量相當(dāng)可觀的螞蟻。②

tiesof/Massesoffoodwereonthetable.飯桌上有許多飯菜。[拓展探究]

a

great/large ty

of...作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；large ties

of...作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)tiesofwater

(pollute)．have

been

polluted[答案]②In

China，the

number

of

cities

(increase)whose

development

is

recognized

across

the

world.[答案]

isincreasing③A

number

of

high

buildings

(arise)

wherethere

was

nothinga

year

ago

butruins.[答案]

have

arisen句型語法重點(diǎn)突破句型語法重點(diǎn)突破15．[好像世界P26]

It

seemed

as

if

the

worldwas

at

an

end!到了！[應(yīng)試句型]

asif

引導(dǎo)的從句as

if＝as

though

“好像”，常引導(dǎo)表語從句或狀語從句。(1)如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的情況時(shí)，句子要用陳述語氣。①Hurryup!It

looks

asifitisgoingto

rain.快點(diǎn)！看起來好像要下雨了。(2)當(dāng)說話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或極少可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)(be

動(dòng)詞常用were)與過去事實(shí)相反從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)(如果從句有過去時(shí)間，則謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí))與將來事實(shí)相反從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞

”②My

daughter

stared

at

me

angrily，as

if

I were

herwicked

stepmother.女兒生氣地瞪著我，好像我是她

的后媽一樣。①I

suggest

that

you

should

stay

here

as

ifnothing

.我建議你應(yīng)該待在這兒，好像什么事也沒有發(fā)生。[答案]

had

happened②Jason

paused

as

if

Lanny

to

speak.停下來，好像他在期待

。[答案]

(he

was)

expecting16．[都破滅了。P26]All

hope

was

not

lost.并不是所有的希望[應(yīng)試句型]部分否定結(jié)構(gòu)[名師微語]

all...not＝not

all...部分否定。具有總括意義的代詞(each，everybody，everything，all

both

等)、形容詞(complete，whole

等)和副詞(comple

y，always，wholly，altogether

等)與否定詞

not

連用，構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no

moreno

longer

等表示否定意義的詞與謂語一起使用構(gòu)成了全部否定。①All

the

students

did

not

go

to

see

the

movie“Under

theHawthornTree”．＝Not

all

thestudents

went

tosee

themovie“Under

the

Hawthorn

Tree”．并非所有的學(xué)生都去看電影《山楂樹之戀》了。②Every

boy

is

not

interested

in

sports.＝Not

every

boyis

interested

in

sports.并非所有的男孩都喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。把下列部分否定的句子改為全部否定①Not

everything

she

did

pleased

him.[答案]

Nothing

she

did

pleasedhim.②Both

of

them

are

not

my

brothers.[答案]Neither

of

them

is

my

brother.③I

do

not

remeber

all

the

details.[答案]I

remember

none

of

the

details.④Snews.[答案]news.【探究追問】在下列幾種情況中，關(guān)系代先行詞為不定代詞，如all，aneverything，nothing，none

等詞時(shí)；先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)；修飾時(shí)，如

the

worst

day(3)先行詞被形容詞的that＋定語從句；(4)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，如thelast等；，the

second，...

the(5)先行詞被the

only，the

very，every，each，all，no,some，few，any

等詞修飾時(shí)。1．(2015·重慶卷改編)He

wnearly

half

of

were

published

in

the

1990s.[解析]

考查定語從句。句意：他寫了許多兒童讀物，幾乎有一半的書是在二十世紀(jì)九十年代

的。逗號(hào)之后是一個(gè)修飾children'sbooks