中級(jí)翻譯資格考試筆譯模擬題附答案【第一題】奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的生命力和非凡魅力在于在奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)中居核心地位的奧林匹克精神。體育的目的在于追求人類身心全面發(fā)展，并在此基礎(chǔ)上促進(jìn)社會(huì)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步?，F(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的創(chuàng)始人顧拜旦(PieeredeCoubertin)認(rèn)為體育是全人類的一項(xiàng)偉大事業(yè)。他將奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)的目標(biāo)設(shè)定為促進(jìn)不同國家、不同文化之間的相互理解，從而促進(jìn)和維護(hù)世界和平，推進(jìn)人類文明。這一理想使奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)得以經(jīng)百年而不衰。作為全世界奧林匹克大家庭成員的一個(gè)盛大聚會(huì)，奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)已經(jīng)成為促進(jìn)世界和平、進(jìn)步與發(fā)展的一只重要社會(huì)力量。參考答案：ThevitalityandspecialappealoftheOlympicGameslieintheOlympicspirit,whichisthesoulofthesouloftheGames.Thegoalofsportsistopursuecomprehensivephysicalandmentaldevelopmentand,onthebasisofthis,toacceleratesocialprogress.PierredeCoubertin,founderofthemodernOlympiad,consideredsportsagreatundertakingofhumanity.ThegoaloftheOlympicMovementdefinedbyhimistopromoteundertakingamongdifferentcountriesandcultures,maintainworldpeaceandadvancehumancivilization.ThisidealhasenabledtheOlympicGamestothriveformorethanacentury.TheOlympicGameshavebeenagrandgatheringofmembersoftheOlympicfamilythroughouttheworld,andtheOlympicMovementhasbecomeamajorsocialforcetopromoteworldpeace,progressanddevelopment.【第二題】人們通常喜歡聽好聽的話，一聽到拂耳之言就容易產(chǎn)生不悅甚至慍怒。一個(gè)人特別是身居要職的人要能夠心悅誠服地傾聽逆耳之良言并從中獲得智慧，就需要一種容忍和大度的雅量，而這往往依賴于人們的心性修養(yǎng)和對(duì)人性缺陷的克制;否則，就會(huì)給那些善于運(yùn)用花言巧語和投其所好的人提供可乘之機(jī)，并傷害那些直言不諱的忠誠之人。在理智上，人們大概愿意接受“兼聽則明，偏信則暗”、“忠言逆耳利于行”等一類古老的真理，或者樂于信服老子說的“美言不信，信言不美”的哲理。但在行為上，人們又時(shí)常背離這些古訓(xùn)，不愿意聽或聽不進(jìn)“逆耳”之言，”最終犯下嚴(yán)重的過失。【參考譯文】Wetendtohearwordspleasanttotheearbuthavedispleasureandresentmentatwordsharshtotheear.Aman,especiallyoneoccupyinganimportantposition,needstoleranceandmagnanimitytolendaneartotruthfulyetoffensivewordswithheartfeltadmirationsoastogainwisdomfromthem,andthosequalitiescanbeonlycultivatedthroughthenurturingofthesoulandtherestraintinhumanweaknesses.Otherwise,opportunitiesareexploitedtotheadvantageofthosewithsweetwordsonthelipstotickletheearofothers,onlytohurtthoseloyalpeopleoutspokenintheirremarks.Intellectually,weareprobablywillingtobelieveintheancienttruthsthatwe’llbeenlightenedifwelistentobothsidesandwewillbebenightedifweheedonlyoneside,thathonestadvice,thoughunpleasanttotheear,benefitsconduct.Also,wearedelightfullyconvincedofLaotzi’sphilosophythattruewordsarenotembellishedandtheembellishedwordsarenottrue.However,inourbehaviours,wetendtodepartfromthoseestabilishedmaxims,reluctanttoacceptandfollowthoseuncomfortabletruthsuntileventuallygraveerrorsarecommitted.【第三題】ThefirstoutlineofTheAscentofManwaswritteninJuly1969andthelastfootoffilmwasshotinDecember1972.Anundertakingaslargeasthis,thoughwonderfullyexhilarating,isnotenteredlightly.Itdemandsanunflaggingintellectualandphysicalvigour,atotalimmersion,whichIhadtobesurethatIcouldsustainwithpleasure;forinstance,IhadtoputoffresearchesthatIhadalreadybegun;andIoughttoexplai-nwhatmovedmetodoso.Therehasbeenadeepchangeinthetemperofscienceinthelast20years:thefocusofattentionhasshiftedfromthephysicaltothelifesciences.Asaresult,scienceisdrawnmoreandmoretothestudyofin-dividuality.Buttheinterestedspectatorishardlyawareyethowfar-reachingtheeffectisinchangingtheimageofmanthatsciencemoulds.Asamathematiciantrainedinphysics,Itoowouldhavebeenunaware,hadnotaseriesofluckychancestakenmeintothelifesciencesinmiddleage.Ioweadebtforthegoodfortunethatcarriedmeintotwoseminalfieldsofscienceinonelifetime;andthoughIdonotknowtowhomthedebtisdue,IconceivedTheAscentofManingratitudetorepayit.TheinvitationtomefromtheBritishBroadcastingCorporationwastopresentthedevelopmentofscienceinaseriesoftelevisionprogrammestomatchthoseofLordClarkonCivilisation.Televisionisanadmirablemedium-forexpositioninseveralways:powerfulandimmediatetotheeye,abletotakethespectatorbodilyintotheplacesandprocessesthataredescribed,andconversationalenoughtomakehimconsciousthatwhathewitnessesarenoteventsbuttheactionsofpeople.Thelastofthesemeritsistomymindthemostcogent,anditweighedmostwithmeinagreeingtocastapersonalbiographyofideasintheformoftelevisionessays.Thepointisthatknowledgeingeneralandscienceinparticulardoesnotconsistofabstractbutofman-madeideas,allthewayfromitsbeginningstoitsmodernandidiosyncraticmodels.Thereforetheunderlyingconceptsthatunlocknaturemustbeshowntoariseearlyandinthesimplestculturesofmanfromhisbasicandspecificfaculties.Andthedevelopmentofsciencewhichjoinstheminmoreandmorecomplexconjunctionsmustbeseentobeequallyhuman:discoveriesaremadebymen,notmerelybyminds,sothattheyarealiveandchargedwithindividuality.Iftelevisionisnotusedtomakethesethoughtsconcrete,itiswasted.參考答案：《人類的進(jìn)程》一書的提綱初稿是1969年7月完成的，影片的最后一部分是在1972年12月拍攝的。像這樣大的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，雖然異常精彩，令人激動(dòng)，卻并不是輕易上馬的。它要求我保持旺盛的腦力和體力，專心致志地投入工作。我必須確保持之以恒，并從中得到樂趣;比方說，我不得不停下已經(jīng)開始的研究工作;我還應(yīng)當(dāng)說明一下，究竟是什么促使我承擔(dān)這項(xiàng)工作的。二十年來，科學(xué)的發(fā)展趨勢發(fā)生了深刻的變化：關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)已經(jīng)從自然科轉(zhuǎn)移到生命科學(xué)。結(jié)果，便把科學(xué)越來越吸引到個(gè)體特征的研究上來。然而感興趣的旁觀者幾乎沒有意識(shí)到此事對(duì)于改變科學(xué)塑造的人的形象產(chǎn)生了多么深遠(yuǎn)的影響。我是一個(gè)研究數(shù)學(xué)的人，以前學(xué)過物理學(xué)，若不是中年有幸有幾次機(jī)會(huì)涉足生命科學(xué)，我也不會(huì)有所認(rèn)識(shí)。我應(yīng)當(dāng)感謝我交的好運(yùn)，是它使我在一生中參與了兩個(gè)啟發(fā)性的科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。盡管我并不知道應(yīng)該向誰表示感謝，我編寫了《人類的進(jìn)程》一書，以表示我的感激之情。英國廣播公司邀請(qǐng)我做的是通過一套電視節(jié)目來表現(xiàn)科學(xué)的發(fā)展過程，以與克拉克勛爵制作的關(guān)于文明的電視節(jié)目相匹配。通過電視來進(jìn)行解說有幾大好處：它有力、直觀，能使觀眾身臨其境或親身參與所描述的過程，它的語言親切，能使觀眾覺得他所看到的是人們的行動(dòng)而不是事件。這些優(yōu)