現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在發(fā)生的事情或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now,listen,look等詞連用，結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are)+動(dòng)詞ing.如：Itisrainingnow.外面正在下雨Itissixo'clocknow.現(xiàn)在6點(diǎn)了Myparentsarereadingnewspapersinthesittingroom.我父母正在客廳看報(bào)紙Look!Thechildrenarehavingarunningracenow.看！孩子們正在賽跑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移前，否定句在be動(dòng)詞后+not.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday(weekyear…)onSundays等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)即he,she,it,Tom,mymother,theboy等詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞后加s或es.如：WehaveanEnglishlessoneveryday.我們每天都要上英語(yǔ)課Dotheboysrunfasterthanthegirls?Yes,theydo.男孩比女孩跑的快嗎？是的問(wèn)句借助于do,does否定句借助于don't,doesn't，后面動(dòng)詞一定要還原。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，常與justnow;amomentago;…ago;yesterday;last(week;month;year;Monday;weekend);thismorning等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was;were)或主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。注意：be動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式不可同時(shí)使用。如：Myearphoneswereonthegroundjustnow.我的耳機(jī)剛剛還在呢。Wherewereyoulastweek?Iwasatacamp.你上個(gè)星期去哪了？我去野營(yíng)了Whatdidyoudoyesterday?Ivisitedafarm你昨天去干嘛了？我去參觀農(nóng)場(chǎng)了。問(wèn)句有be動(dòng)詞將be動(dòng)詞移前，沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞借助于did,后面動(dòng)詞還原；否定句有be動(dòng)詞在后面加not，沒(méi)有借助于didn\'t后面動(dòng)詞還原。4一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要打算發(fā)生的事情或動(dòng)作，常與tomorrow,nextweek(year;Tuesday…)，thisweek(weekend;evening;afterneohtoday等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)goingto+動(dòng)原或主語(yǔ)+will動(dòng)原。女0：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Iamgoingtohaveapicnic.你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐。Thechildrearegoingtohaveasportsmeetingnextweek.孩子們下個(gè)星期將參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。Tomwill/isgoingtoseeaplaywithhisfatherthisevening.Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞或wil移前；否定句在be動(dòng)詞或wil后加not.5情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can;caht;should;shoUldn；must;mql后一定加動(dòng)詞原形。0：Thegirlc'antswim,butshecanskate.女孩不會(huì)游泳，但是會(huì)滑冰Don'ttalkinclass,youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully.不要再課上說(shuō)話，你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽(tīng)老師講。6祈使句肯定祈使句以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭；否定祈使句以don't加動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。0：Opentheboxforme,please.請(qǐng)為我打開(kāi)盒子。LiuTao!Pleasegetupearliertomorrow.劉濤，明天請(qǐng)?jiān)琰c(diǎn)起床！Don'twalkonthegrass!不要在草地上走！Helen!Don'tclimbthetree,please.海倫！不要爬樹(shù)。7go的用法去干嘛用go+動(dòng)詞ing0:goswimming;gofishing;goskating;gocamping;gorunning;goskiing;gorowing-?8比較than前用比較級(jí)；as???as之間用原級(jí)。如：Mymotheristwoyearsyoungerthanmyfather.我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。LiuTaojumpsasfarasBen.劉濤跳得和本一樣遠(yuǎn)。9喜歡做某事用like+動(dòng)詞ing或like+to+動(dòng)原。如：SuYanglikesgrowingflowers.蘇陽(yáng)喜歡種花。ThechildrenliketoplaywithlanternsatSpringFestival.孩子們喜歡在春節(jié)去玩花燈。10想要做某事用wouldlike+to+動(dòng)原或want+to+動(dòng)原。例：I'dliketovisittheHistoryMuseum.=IwanttovisittheHistoryMuseum11some用于肯定句中，在否定句和問(wèn)句中改為any,但當(dāng)表示委婉語(yǔ)氣時(shí)仍用如：CanIhavesomewritingpaper?Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?12代詞人稱代詞主格做主語(yǔ)用一般放在句首或動(dòng)詞前，主格分別是Iyouhesheitweyouthey。賓格做賓語(yǔ)用，一般放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后如:Openthemforme.Letus…,joinme等。賓格分別是meyouhimheritusyouthem。形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前，不能單獨(dú)使用，分別是myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形物加名詞，它只能單獨(dú)使用后面不好加名詞，分別是mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs。13介詞介詞后要么不加動(dòng)詞，加動(dòng)詞只能加動(dòng)詞ing形式如：begoodatrunning;dowellinjumping;14時(shí)間介詞季節(jié)前，月份前用介詞in如：insummer；inMarch具體的哪一天如星期幾，幾月幾日用介詞on如：onSaturday;onthesecondofApril;onWednesdaymorning在幾點(diǎn)鐘前用介詞at如：ataquartertofour;只在上下午晚上用in如：inthemorning/afternoon/evening;但在夜間用atnight。另：季節(jié)，月份和星期前不好加the.名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成的方法有規(guī)則的有：(1)直接在名詞后加s如orange—oranges;photo—photos;⑵以x,s,sh,ch結(jié)尾的加es如：box—boxes;glass—glasses;waitress—waitresses;watch—watches;peach--peaches⑶以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加es如：study—studies；library—libraries;hobby—hobbies;family—families;⑷以f,fe結(jié)尾的改f,fe為v+es如：knife—knives;thief—thieves(注:以o結(jié)尾的我們學(xué)過(guò)的只有mango加es,mango—mangoes其余加s,)不規(guī)則的有：man—men;woman—women;people—people;child—children動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成直接在動(dòng)詞后加s如：run—runs;dance—dances以s,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的加es如：do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加es如：study—studies;carry—carries;現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成直接在動(dòng)詞后加ing如：sing—singing;ski—skiing;雙寫詞尾加ing如：swim—swimming;jog—jogging;run—running;以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的去e加ing如：ride—riding;dance—dancing;make—making;規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成(1)直接在動(dòng)詞后加ed如：clean—cleaned;milk—milked;play—played;⑵以e結(jié)尾的直接加d如：dance—danced;taste—tasted;⑶以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加ed如：study—studied;carry—carried;雙寫詞尾加ed如：stop—stopped;jog—jogged;不規(guī)則的有：am,is—was;are—were;do,does—did;have,has—had;go—went;meet—met;sit—sat;see—saw;get—got;tell—told;run—ran;come—came;steal—stole;read—read;形容詞副詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則的：(1)直接在形容詞或副詞后加er如；small——smaller;low——lower;⑵以e結(jié)尾的加r如：late—larer;(3)雙寫詞尾加er如：big—bigger;thin—thinner;fat—fatter;⑷以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i加er如：heavy—heavier;early—earlier;不規(guī)則的有：good,well—better(最高級(jí)為best);many,much---more(最高級(jí)為most);far-farther;20rain與snow的用法(1)作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不可數(shù)名詞如：Thereisalotofrainthereinspring.那兒的春天有很多雨水。(2)作為動(dòng)詞意思是下雨和下雪，有四種形式分別是動(dòng)詞原形rain，snow；第三人稱單數(shù)rains，snows；現(xiàn)在分詞raining；snowing過(guò)去式rained；snowed;如：①Look!Itisrainingnow.瞧！天正在下雨。ItoftenrainsinNantonginsummer南通夏天經(jīng)常下雨。Itrainedyesterday昨天下了雨。Itisgoingtoraintomorrow.明天要下雨。⑶形容詞為rainy和snowy意思是有雨的和有雪的如：Itisoftenrainyhereinspring這兒的春天經(jīng)常是有雨的。Ifitisrainytomorrow,'IIstayathome.如果明天是有雨的，我將呆在家里。21比較級(jí)注意只有同類事物才可進(jìn)行比較。如：Myeyesarebiggerthanhers.YourschooIbagisheavierthanmine.MycomputerisnicerthanNancy's.Mybrotherisstrongerthanme.22have,has表示某人有（has用于第三人稱單數(shù)）；Thereis/are;Therewas/were表示某地存在有注意Therebe句型的就近原則單數(shù)或不可數(shù)用thereis/was;復(fù)數(shù)用thereare/were.23本身就是復(fù)數(shù)的詞眼鏡glasses;耳機(jī)earphones;鞋shoes;褲子trousers等詞本身是復(fù)數(shù)。如：MygIasseswereonthechairjustnow.但如果表示這雙，這副，一雙的時(shí)候用單數(shù)如：Thereisapairofchopsticksontheplate.Thispairofearphonesisforyou.24五個(gè)元音字母分別是Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu;25一個(gè)的用法a用于輔音前不是輔音字母前；an用于元音前不是元音字母前。如：Thereisan's',a‘t',a‘u',a‘d',an‘e',an‘n',anda‘t'intheword‘student'.26時(shí)間表示法有兩種：(1)直接讀時(shí)鐘和分鐘。如6:10讀成sixten;7:30讀成seventhirty;8:45讀成eightforty-five;(2)用to與past表示。在半小時(shí)包括半小時(shí)以內(nèi)用幾分past幾點(diǎn)如：6：10讀成tenpastsix;7:30讀成halfpastseven;過(guò)了半小時(shí)用下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)差幾分如7：45讀成aquartertoeight;9:50讀成tentoten;27基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的方法基變序有規(guī)律，結(jié)尾加上th;一二三特殊例，結(jié)尾字母t、d(即first,second,third);八去t，九去e，ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth;nine—ninth;five--fifth;twelve—twelfth)ty改y為ie后加th別忘記(即整十?dāng)?shù)如twenty—twentieth；forty—fortieth);幾十幾十位為基個(gè)位為序(如第二十一為twenty-first)。另外強(qiáng)調(diào)序數(shù)詞前一定要加the。28日期的表示法用the+序數(shù)詞+of+月如:三月三日thethirdofMarch;12月25日the25thofDecember.29both表示兩者都如：Myparentsarebothteachers.all表示三者以上都如：Thestudentsareallveryexcited.30節(jié)日的表示法有day的節(jié)日前用on.沒(méi)有day的節(jié)日前用at,如：atChristmas;onChristmasDay;atNewYear;onNewYear'sDay.31激動(dòng)興奮的excited表示激動(dòng)的，興奮地主語(yǔ)是人；exciting表示令人激動(dòng)的，令人興奮的主語(yǔ)是事情如：Therunningraceisveryexciting,soallthestudentsareveryexcited.賽跑非常令人激動(dòng)，因此所有的學(xué)生都很激動(dòng)。比較兩者比較用比較級(jí)，三者以上比較用最高級(jí)如：Whorunsfaster,theboyorthegirl?Theboydoes誰(shuí)跑得更快，男孩還是女孩？男孩。Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Ilikeautumnbest.你最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)？我最喜歡秋天。Whichseasondoyoulikebetter,summerorwin