命題點(diǎn)5說(shuō)明文本類(lèi)考題解答錦囊說(shuō)明文往往圍繞一個(gè)問(wèn)題從不同的側(cè)面來(lái)加以說(shuō)明。說(shuō)明文往往結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,因此也是高考完形填空中較難把握的一種文體。要做好高考完形填空中的說(shuō)明文,最重要還是要抓住作者說(shuō)明的中心是什么,說(shuō)明文話(huà)題呈現(xiàn)的方式比較單一,往往是開(kāi)始就交代說(shuō)明的對(duì)象,然后再?gòu)牟煌慕嵌燃右哉f(shuō)明另外因?yàn)檎f(shuō)明丈針對(duì)某一個(gè)對(duì)象從不同的側(cè)面和角度加以說(shuō)明,每一段往往就是其中的一個(gè)角度或側(cè)面,因此大家應(yīng)注意概括每一段的中心大意。最后,還要注意文章結(jié)尾的段落,因?yàn)槲恼陆Y(jié)尾的段落,往往對(duì)說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行總的概括。Ⅰ高考最新熱門(mén)題1(典型例題Adultsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpractisedinthemeantime.Amanwhohasnothadanopportunitytogoswimmingforyearscan1swimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleafterseveraldecadesandstill2away.Amotherwhohasnot3thewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"orrecitethestoryofCinderellaorSnowWhite.Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:4wehavelearnedsomethmg,additlonallearningincreasesthe5oftimewewillrememberit.Ichildhood,weusuallycontinuetopractisesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleridinglongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoand6ourselvesofpoemssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaorSnowWhite.Wenotonlylearnbut7.Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí)foranexamination,8itmayresultinapassinggrade,iinota9waytolearnaschoolcourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning,10isusuallyagoodinvestmenttowardthefuture.1.A.onlyB.hardlyC.stillD.even2.A.moveB.driveC.travelD.ride3.A.thoughtaboutB.caredforC.showedupD.broughtup4.A.BeforeB.OnceC.UntilD.Unless5.3..accuracyB.unitC.limitD.length6.A.remindB.informC.warnD.recall7.A.reciteB.overlearnC.researchD.improve8.A.thoughB.soC.ifD.after9.A.convenientB.demandingC.satisfactoryD.swift10.A.amostB.bythewayC.ontheotherhandD.intheend命題目的與解題技巧:本文是完形填空中的說(shuō)明題材,考查學(xué)生的邏輯能力與對(duì)文章的整體把握,此類(lèi)題材往往是圍繞一個(gè)問(wèn)題從不同的側(cè)面加以說(shuō)明,作者首選列舉人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪械慕?jīng)驗(yàn)即學(xué)會(huì)了的東西一般不會(huì)忘記,從而引出本文說(shuō)明的主題“充分學(xué)習(xí)”,然后再通過(guò)日常生活中的現(xiàn)象加以說(shuō)明,最后強(qiáng)調(diào)“充分學(xué)習(xí)”在人們學(xué)習(xí)中的作用,比突出學(xué)習(xí)要好,從而達(dá)到了作者說(shuō)明的“充分學(xué)習(xí)”lovelearning的作用,做好此類(lèi)型題的關(guān)鍵是抓住作者要說(shuō)明的對(duì)象,再運(yùn)用一定的方法進(jìn)行介紹和說(shuō)明。1.C解析:根據(jù)第一句的意思,多年不游泳仍然游得很好,選still.2.D解析:根據(jù)bicycle選ride.3.A解析:從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到過(guò),其他選項(xiàng)都不能和words搭配。4.B解析:overlearn的含義就是一次學(xué)會(huì)后不斷加強(qiáng)記憶,其他不符合題意。5.D解析:時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短用thelength。ftime.6.A解析:remlndourselves“提醒自己”;infom通知,warn警告,recall回憶,都不符合題意。8.A解析:根據(jù)前后句的not可知雖然突出學(xué)習(xí)能通過(guò)7.B解析:根據(jù)第二段第一句的提示可知選overlearn.考試但是不能學(xué)好,選thougll9.C解析:satisfactory令人滿(mǎn)意的;convenient方便的;demanding過(guò)分要求的;swift迅速的。10.C解析:前后是說(shuō)事物兩個(gè)方面,選。ntheotherhand.2.(典型例題ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,vidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorehabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon'twanttobe2holdingthehaby,"Whatweknowisthatit'sgoodfortrhe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren,'saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n5dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers6togiveyoungwomenthepermanentjobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(產(chǎn)假.InJanuary,Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonths'paidleave,withawarning:useitor7it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse."It'snotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace."hesays."Butit'sgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9arelationship."InNorway,a(n10policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.1.A.inspiteofB.atthecostofC.inadditiontoD.dueto答案:A指導(dǎo):根據(jù)前后意思用inspite。2.A.sentB.leftC.caughtD.seen答案:B指導(dǎo):婦女不愿懷孕離開(kāi)工作。3.A.birthrateB.incomeC.healthD.spirit答案:A指導(dǎo):根據(jù)第一段提示用birthrate.4.A.JustasB.OnlyifC.EventhoughD.Nowthat答案:C指導(dǎo):根據(jù)第一段提示用birthrate.5.A.oneB.mereC.onlyD.single答案:D指導(dǎo):singleday強(qiáng)調(diào)連一天都……。6.A.willingB.reluctantC.likelyD.unable答案:B指導(dǎo):雇主是不愿給用完所有帶薪產(chǎn)假的年輕婦女永久的職位,而不是不能或者愿意。7.A.reserveB.misuseC.ignoreD.lose答案:D指導(dǎo):根據(jù)use和or的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,選lose.8.A.discussionB.attackC.controlD.pressure答案:D指導(dǎo):男人是在壓力(pressure下留下工作。9.A.makeoutB.addupC.buildupD.setaside答案:C指導(dǎo):建立關(guān)系用build叩arelationship.10.A.impersonalB.similarC.severeD.global答案:B3.(典型例題Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.1springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe2areaslikethedesert.Thecontrolispossibleevenwithoutpossessionoflargeareasof3land.IntheearlydaysoftheAmericanWest,sunfightswerenot4forthewaterresources(資源,andlawshadtobe5toprotectthewaterrightsofthe6andtheuseofthewaterresourcesaccordingly.7isknowntousall,thereisnot8waterinallplacesforeveryonetouseasmuchashelikes,Decidingonthe9ofwaterthatwillheusedinanyparticularperiod10carefulplanning,sothatpeoplecanmanageandusewatermore11.Farmershavetochangetheiruseofordemandforwater12thewatersupplyforecast(預(yù)報(bào).The13watersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe14thanfromthebelow.Interestis15inthewaystoincreaserainfallbyman--mademethods,andtogetwaterfromthewintersnowonmountain16.Withspecialequipment,somescientistsarestudyingthewaysinwhichthemountainsnowcanbe17,andwiththehelpofarepeaterstation,theysendthe18data(數(shù)據(jù)tothebasestation.Theoperatoratthebasestationcangetthedataatanytimeby19abutton.Inthenearfuture,theforecastanduseofwater20probablydependontheadvanceknowledgeofsnowonmountains,notolwaterunderground.1.A.UsingB.HoldingC.OwningD.Finding答案:C指導(dǎo):own擁有。從下文可以看出,由于地球上的水源不充足,凡是有水的地方就意味著需要管理。2.A.dryB.distantC.desertedD.wild答案:A指導(dǎo):根據(jù)下文中的thedesert可判斷出是干旱地區(qū)。3.A.fineB.beautifulC.richD.farming答案:C指導(dǎo):richland富饒的土地。即使沒(méi)有大片的富饒的土地也需要管理。4.A.unlawfulB.unacceptableC.unpopularD.uncommon答案:D指導(dǎo):uncommon罕有的。這是一個(gè)雙重否定句,表示在早期美國(guó)西部的人們經(jīng)常為了水源發(fā)生槍?xiě)?zhàn)。5.A.madeB.designedC.readD.written答案:A指導(dǎo):makelaws制訂法律。6.A.winnersB.settlersC.fightersD.supporters答案:B指導(dǎo):settler移民者。制訂法律保護(hù)移民者用水的權(quán)力和按照規(guī)定使用水源。7.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As答案:D指導(dǎo):as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,意思是"正如……”。8.A.plentifulB.enoughC.anyD.much答案:B指導(dǎo):根據(jù)常識(shí)可推斷出世界上沒(méi)有足夠的水供人們隨便使用。9.A.typeB.qualityamountD.level答案:C指導(dǎo):theamountofwater水的數(shù)量。10.A.requestsB.requiresC.meansD.suggests答案:B指導(dǎo):require需要。決定任何特殊時(shí)期使用的用水量需要仔細(xì)計(jì)劃。11.A.effectivelyB.easilyC.convenientlyD.actively答案:A指導(dǎo):e“ectively有效地。以便使人們更加有效地用水。12.A.leadingtoB.duetoC.owingtoD.accordingto答案:D指導(dǎo):accordingto根據(jù)。農(nóng)民必須根據(jù)供水預(yù)報(bào)改變他們的用水量。13.A.correctB.furtherC.averageD.early答案:A指導(dǎo):thecorrectwatersupplyforecast正確的供水預(yù)報(bào)。14.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.above答案:D指導(dǎo):根據(jù)下文中的dependontheadvanceknowledgeofsnowonmountains,notofwaterunderground可確定應(yīng)選above作為正確答案。theabove指山上的積雪;thebelow指地下水。15.A.raisingB.risingC.buildingD.lasting答案:B指導(dǎo):rise是不及物動(dòng)詞,人們對(duì)人工增雨的興趣不斷增加。raise是及物動(dòng)詞,后面要接賓語(yǔ)。16.A.rocksB.tipsC.topsD.trees答案:C指導(dǎo):onmountaintops在山頂上。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,在冬天,雪會(huì)堆積在山頂上。17.A.takencareofB.madeuseofC.piledupD.savedup答案:B指導(dǎo):makeuseof使用?？茖W(xué)家正在研究使用山上積雪的方法。18.A.pickedB.producedC.usedD.gathered答案:D指導(dǎo):thegathereddata積累的數(shù)據(jù)。人們?yōu)榱死蒙缴系姆e雪,需要不斷地收集有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。19.A.touchingB.knockingC.pressingD.turning答案:C指導(dǎo):pressabutton按鍵。操作員通過(guò)按鍵的方法獲得數(shù)據(jù)。20.A.mightB.canC.willD.should答案:C指導(dǎo):根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthefuture可確定要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Ⅱ題點(diǎn)經(jīng)典類(lèi)型題1.(典型例題檢測(cè)Whenyouareswimming,youmayshiverasyoucomeoutofthewater.Thatisspeciallytrueifthereisalightgentle1.Youwrapupinapieceofclothtokeep2.Butstillyoushiver,andyour3knocktogetherbecauseofthecold.Waterischanginginto4fromyourbody,andthe5takesawayheat.Youshiverbecausethe6ofyourbodyaretryingtoproduceheattoputbacktheheatyouare7.Mostbodyheatismade8themuscles.Inthecellsoxygeniscombinedwithcarbo-hydrates(碳水化合物andfats,producing9Animalbodiesinludinghuman's"10"foodjustaswoodisburnedinafire,11theprocessisslowerinthebodytheheatissetoffgradually.12alwaysproduceSometimesmore,sometimes13Whenyouexercise,14moreactiveandsomoreheat.Whenyouarelosingheat15,thebestdoisto16.Ifyoudon't,youwillshiver.Thatistheother17themusclesproduceheat.Anotherwayofsayirthemusclesmoverapidlyandcontinuously18wards.Nexttimeyoushiver,try19abit.You'llaftertwoorthree20theshiveringwilldisappearcankeepnormalbodytemperature.1.A.sunlightB.windC.waterD.heal2.A.coldB.wetC.warmD.dry3.A.handsB.armsC.feetD.teet4.A.airB.steamC.windD.ice5.A.shiveringB.swimmingC.changingD.running6.A.skinsB.musclesC.bonesD.part7.A.gettingB.makingC.producingD.losi8.A.fromB.ofC.inD.intc9.A.energyB.musclesC.bloodD.stea10.A.haveB.needC.liveonD.bur11.A.exceptB.exceptthatC.exceptforD.besides12.A.FoodB.HeatC.FatD.Mu13.A.quickerB.slowerC.greaterD.less14.A.they'reB.you'reC.it'sD.he's15.A.slowlyB.rapidlyC.completelyD.hur16.A.standstillB.sitstraightC.runslowlyD.liedown17.A.timeB.wayC.placeD.rea18.A.backwardsB.forwardsC.upwardsD.downwards19.A,runningB.jumpingC.heatingD.wea20.A.secondsB.minutesC.quartersD.hou答案:1.B解析:當(dāng)你游泳后從水里出來(lái)時(shí),你可能會(huì)發(fā)抖,如果有一點(diǎn)兒小風(fēng)尤為如此。2.C解析:裹上一塊布來(lái)保暖。3.D解析:teethknocktogether是人們冷得發(fā)抖時(shí)的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。4.B解析:根據(jù)邏輯推理可知。5.C解析:水從你的身體里變成了水蒸氣,這種變化帶走了身體的熱量。7.D解析:你發(fā)抖是因?yàn)槟闵眢w的肌肉在試圖產(chǎn)生熱量來(lái)彌補(bǔ)你:正在失去的熱量。8.C解析:這咀的這里的bemadein不是表示產(chǎn)于何處,in表示“住……里”,所以其他選項(xiàng)不符合題意。9.A解析:大部分的身體熱量是在肌肉中產(chǎn)生的,在細(xì)胞中,氧氣與碳水化合物和脂肪相結(jié)合,產(chǎn)生能量。10.D解析:動(dòng)物的身體,包括人的身體,就像木頭在火中燃燒一樣“燃燒”食物。11.B解析:exceptthat后面接從句。12.D解析:文中已經(jīng)提過(guò)。13.D解析:肌肉產(chǎn)生能量,有時(shí)多,有時(shí)少。14.A解析:they指muscles.15.B解析:運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)熱量消失速度非常快,故選rapidly.16.C解析:當(dāng)你快速失去熱量時(shí),最好的辦法就是慢跑。17.B解析:那是肌肉產(chǎn)生熱量的另一種辦法。18.A解析:backwards和forwards相對(duì)。19.A解析:第三段第二句已有提示。20.B解析:兩三分鐘以后,身體就不會(huì)發(fā)抖了。Ⅲ新高考命題探究CIoze1MillionsofpeopleinBritainstruggleoutofbedeachmorning,fumble(亂摸intosomeclothes,andmadetheirwaytoacupofcoffeeandthemorningnewspaper.Theyneedsomething1tonanindthemthattherestofthedaywillbe2differentthangettingup.Thisneedmaybethe3thatmanyofthemturntheir4eyestothecartoonssectionofthenewspaperastheysip(呷theirfirstcupsoftheday.Cartoonsreflect(反映thetimesandthetroublesandworriesofpeople.Theygivepeopleanopportunity(機(jī)會(huì)to5themselvesandatfamiliarsituations.Intimesofprosperity(繁榮,forexample,cartoonsshowpeople6thegoodeconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)上的situation.Theyalsomakefunofthe7thatpeoplemakeforthemselveslikemakingaproblemoutofwhichtypeofcartobuy.In8timesofeconomictroublespeoplewantsomeoneorsomethingto____9_____theirtroubleson.Cartoonsprovidescapegoats(替身.Theyalsohelppeopletoseethe10inanot-so-funnysituation.11,acartoonmightsaythatthegovernmentofacountryisresponsibleforthebadeconomyand12showthegovernmentleadersasagroupofridiculous(可笑的people.Beingabletousetheleadersasscapegoatsandtolaughattheleaderssomehowmakepeoplefeel13abouttheirsituation.Cartoonsalsomakepeoplelaughattheirownpersonal14.Youngpeoplewhoarenotalways15ofhowtoactcansmileattheirawkwardness(尷尬.Cidpeoplewhose16childrenpaylittleattentiontothemcanchuckle(暗笑attheirneglect(疏忽andloneliness.Studentswhohavestudiedtoo17beforeanexaminationcanlaughattheirworries.Anyone'sproblemsaremadebiggerthanlifeinthecartoons.Perhapstheproblems18funnybecausethereishumorinsomethingthatisrealbeingmadeunreal.Acartooncombines(結(jié)合artandhumor.Whenitisskillfully19,asimplelinedrawingandafewwordscanmakepeoplelaugh.Theirtroubleseemless20andtheyenjoylifemorefully.1.A.cheerfulB.dullC.prettyD.different答案:A指導(dǎo):英國(guó)人想在平淡的日子中找點(diǎn)樂(lè)趣,故用cheerful。different與后面重復(fù);dull與題意產(chǎn)生矛盾;pretty般修飾人。2.A.mostB.alreadyC.nearlyD.less答案:D指導(dǎo):lessdifferent用于說(shuō)明英國(guó)人日子的平淡。由后面的than可排除其他選項(xiàng)。3.A.wayB.reasonC.funD.doubt答案:B指導(dǎo):前面所提到的需求就是英國(guó)人如此偏愛(ài)卡通的“原因”。從因果關(guān)系人手可排除其他選項(xiàng)。4.A.sharpC.half-openC.near-sightedD.bright答案:B指導(dǎo):前文提到英國(guó)人早晨剛剛起床就上看卡通。從“剛剛起床”這一語(yǔ)境可排除其他選項(xiàng)。5.A.laughatB.playticksonC.encourageD.worry答案:A指導(dǎo):此處表示英國(guó)人借卡通來(lái)“自嘲”。playtrickson意為“捉弄”,英國(guó)人不可能捉弄自己,故不用B,其他不合題意。6.A.praisingB.enjoyingC.makingD.improving答案:B指導(dǎo):經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況好的時(shí)候,卡通也反映了英國(guó)人“享受”生活的情景。C、D兩項(xiàng)與前面“經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮”在語(yǔ)意上矛盾;“贊揚(yáng)”太片面。7.A.familiesB.namesC.questionsD.problems答案:D指導(dǎo):此處還是表示英國(guó)人喜歡“自嘲”,嘲笑自己制造的問(wèn)題。questions為“疑問(wèn)”,不是實(shí)際要解決的問(wèn)題;其他不合題意。8.A.happyB.goodC.hardD.modern答案:C指導(dǎo):后面有timesofeconomictroubles作為信息提示,因此用“艱難時(shí)期”。由信息提示可排除其他選項(xiàng)。9.A.blameB.shareC.placeD.burden答案:A指導(dǎo):后面有英國(guó)人“找替罪羊”的信息提示,因此此處是找“責(zé)備、發(fā)泄”的對(duì)象。由信息提示可排除其他選項(xiàng)。10.A.pleasureB.humourC.hopeD.chance答案:B指導(dǎo):卡通的作用就是在枯燥的環(huán)境中為人們提供樂(lè)趣,令人發(fā)笑。從后面的“不太滑稽”這一信息提示,可捧除其他選項(xiàng)。11.A.AsaresultB.ForexampleC.What'smoreD.Ontheotherhand答案:B指導(dǎo):下文是舉例說(shuō)明英國(guó)人從卡通中“找樂(lè)”的情況。12.A.tooB.onlyC.alsoD.either答案:C指導(dǎo):and說(shuō)明前后文是并列關(guān)系。either一般用于否定句;too用在此處位置不對(duì)。13.A.betterB.worseC.dearerD.mompuzzled答案:A指導(dǎo):英國(guó)人通過(guò)嘲笑政府官員在經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣的環(huán)境中找點(diǎn)好心情。從前面“嘲笑官員”可知,英國(guó)人是為了發(fā)泄白己的不滿(mǎn),使自己心情好一點(diǎn)。14.A.successB.happinessC.failureD.worries答案:D指導(dǎo):后文所述皆是生活中的“煩惱”。15.A.sureB.proudC.fondD.hopeful答案:A指導(dǎo):由后面“尷尬”可知,這些年輕人對(duì)自己缺乏自信。16.A.cruelB.grownC.badD.useless答案:B指導(dǎo):由后面老年人孤獨(dú)、被忽略可知,孩子已長(zhǎng)大成人。17.A.muchB.hardC.lateD.little答案:D指導(dǎo):由后面“擔(dān)心”可知,這些學(xué)生考試之前沒(méi)有下工夫。18.A.seemB.appearC.feelD.look答案:A指導(dǎo):此處表示通過(guò)夸張使“問(wèn)題”顯得好笑。seem和appear都表示“顯得”,但seem往往表示有根據(jù)的判斷,而appear含有“表面上看是一回事,而實(shí)際并非如此”之意。C19.A.takenB.askedC.broughtD.done答案:D指導(dǎo):done此處相當(dāng)于drawn,表示卡通如果畫(huà)得好。20.A.necessaryB.importantC.comfortableD.expensive答案:B指導(dǎo):有了卡通帶來(lái)的幽默,人們可暫時(shí)忘掉生活中的煩惱、難題。Cioze2Thebenefitsofpuppylove"Haveatalkwithyourdogandcallmeinthemorning."That's1doctorsmightsayafterreadingthestudiesthathavebeendoneaboutpeopleandtheir2Thestudiesareshowingthatpetsaregoodforyourhealth.Itdoesn'tseemto3whetheryourpetisadogoralizard(蜥蜴oragold-fish.Petsmaydo4foryouthanyouwilleverdoforthem.5youhavehadalongandtiringday,andfeelalittleanxious.Thebestwayto6maybetochatwithyourcatorhug(擁抱yourdog.7ofpeopleandpetswasdoneattheUniversityofPennsylvania.This8wasdiscovered:thebloodpressuresofsomepeoplewhowerestudiedstayedthesameor9whentheyspoketoanimals.10bloodpressureisimportanttogoodhealth.And,doctorssay,bloodpressureoftengoesupwhenpeopletalkto11!Animalsalsoseemtohelppeoplewhoaresickorlonely.Peopleinnursinghomesshowedgreat12whenpetswerebroughttothem.Theylikedto13theanimalsandtalktothem.Andtheylikedtotalktooneanotherabouttheanimals.Onemanhad14astroke(中風(fēng)andhadnotspokenforalongtime.Apuppy(小狗wasplacedinhiswheelchair.Suddenlythemanwaslaughingsoftly."Puppy,'hewhispered.15atamentalhospitalweregivensmallanimals,suchaswhitemice,birds.Caringforthepetsgavethesepatientsareasontotalkandworktogether.Manybecame16andmorehelpfulInFrance,peoplefoundthatpetshelpedchildrenwho17nottalktootherpeople.Thechildrenfirsttouchedandplayedwithpets,thenbeganspeakingwithadults(成年人.Doanimalshavemagic(有魔力的18tohelppeople?Scientiststhinkthemagicissimplyloveandtrust.Petsarelikelyto19peopleandshowthemaffection(感情.Theygivepeoplesomethingto20about.Theymakepeoplefeelwantedandneeded.Thestudiesseemtoshowthatanimalsare"goodmedicine".Maybetheanimalshaveknownthatallalong.1.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.how答案:A指導(dǎo):what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,本身作賓語(yǔ)。其他選項(xiàng)也可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,但不是作者要表達(dá)的問(wèn)題。2.A.dogsB.friendsC.hobbiesD.pets答案:D指導(dǎo):從下文看,研究的是人跟寵物之間的關(guān)系。其他選項(xiàng)都偏離了文章的中心。3.A.mindB.careC.matterD.show答案:C指導(dǎo):此處表示養(yǎng)什么寵物沒(méi)有關(guān)系。mind"介意”,care“關(guān)心、在乎”都不合題意,而且作主語(yǔ)的都是人。4.A.lessB.betterC.moreD.worse答案:C指導(dǎo):本文介紹的是養(yǎng)寵物的好處,因此選more。不能說(shuō)寵物做的“更好”。其他不合題意。5.A.ImagineB.SupposeC.RememberD.Think答案:B指導(dǎo):此處是“假設(shè)”某種情況?！跋胂瘛?、“思考”不合邏輯。6.A.calmdownB.slowdownC.relaxD.ease答案:C指導(dǎo):從前面人們勞累了一天以及后面“跟寵物聊天及擁抱寵物”判斷,這兒指人們“放松”的方式。calmdown"鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)”;slowdown'"放慢速度”;ease"變得容易”都不合題意。7.A.StudyB.RelationC.FriendshipD.Search答案:A指導(dǎo):前面已經(jīng)有信息提示,因此此處還是指對(duì)人類(lèi)跟寵物之間的關(guān)系的研究。8.A.newsB.ruleC.factD.theory答案:C指導(dǎo):研究所發(fā)現(xiàn)的只能是“事實(shí)”?！靶侣劇?、“規(guī)則”、“理論”都不合題意。9.A.wentupB.wentdownC.changedD.reduced答案:B指導(dǎo):人們跟寵物聊天,心情放松,血壓應(yīng)是“下降”。A項(xiàng)不合題意;C項(xiàng)“改變”沒(méi)有說(shuō)明是好的方面還是壞的方面;D"減少”不合邏輯。10.A.AverageB.NaturalC.OrdinaryD.Normal答案:D指導(dǎo):“正?！毖獕簩?duì)人的健康有好處。average,natural,ordianary都不能用來(lái)修飾血壓。11.A.peopleB.childrenC.enemiesD.leaders答案:A指導(dǎo):從“血壓升高”這一信息可推斷出此處指人與“人”交談。12.A.surpriseB.joyC.courageD.happiness答案:B指導(dǎo):當(dāng)寵物被帶到養(yǎng)老院時(shí),人們的表現(xiàn)自然是“高興”?！靶腋！闭Z(yǔ)意太強(qiáng),用在此處不合適。其他不合題意。13.A.touchB.feedC.raiseD.love答案:A指導(dǎo):此處表示人們喜歡“愛(ài)撫”寵物。14.A.hitB.caughtC.sufferedD.struck答案:C指導(dǎo):此處是指“中風(fēng)”的人,“遭受”為最佳答案。catch當(dāng)“染上”某種疾病講,從后面好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不說(shuō)話(huà)可知,此處不表示“剛剛?cè)静　钡那闆r,而是長(zhǎng)期患病。hit,strike當(dāng)自然災(zāi)害“襲擊”某個(gè)地方講。15.A.WorkersB.PatientsC.NursesD.Doctors答案:B指導(dǎo):此處指用寵物對(duì)“病人”進(jìn)行治療。16.A.calmerB.wannerC.cleverD.worse答案:A指導(dǎo):寵物對(duì)病人有安慰作用,因此他們變得“更安靜”了。17.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.might答案:C指導(dǎo):would此處表示“意愿”。此處是指那些性情乖僻,不愿跟人講話(huà)的孩子。其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)此用法。18.A.strengthB.powerC.energyD.wonder答案:B指導(dǎo):power當(dāng)“巨大或神奇的力量”講。strengh“體力”,energy"精力,自然界的能”,wonder"驚奇”都不合語(yǔ)境。19.A.welcomeB.greetC.helpD.treasure答案:A指導(dǎo):狗會(huì)對(duì)人表示“歡迎”。greet“問(wèn)候、打招呼”,treasure"珍惜”不能用來(lái)形容狗的行為。20.A.thinkB.goC.careD.bring答案:C指導(dǎo):狗為人提供了可以“關(guān)心”的對(duì)象。Cloze3Iwouldliketosharewithyouastoryofthemonkey.InThompson'sTheOutlineofSciencethereisstoryaboutascien-tistwho1severalchimpanzeesandmonkeysinorderto2animalpsychology,Hetookaglassbottle,3itscork(瓶塞andputtwopeanutsinsidethebottle.Needlesstosay,thepeanutsdroppedtothebottleandwereeasilyseenfromthe4.Hethenpassedthebottletoamonkey,whoshookit5foralongwhileandwas6abletogetthepeanutswhenthey7fellout.Thescientistthenputsomepeanutsintothebottleagain8hehaddonebeforeandshowedthemonkeythatitonlyneededto9thebottleupsidedownforthepeanutstodropout.10themonkeyalwaysignoredhis11.Eachtimeitjustshookthebottlefrantically,wlthgreat12butwithoutnecessarilyachieving13result.Nowthequestioniswhythemonkeywasunabletounderstandwhatthescientistinstructs.14becauseallitsattea-tionwasfocusedonthepeanuts.Asitwassimplemindedlyconcentratingonreachingthefood,ithadnotimeforunderstanding15learning.Tolearn,itmusttakeitseyesoffthepeanutsandshiftitsattentiontothe16movementofthemanandthe17thebottlewasturnedupsidedown.Toshiftitsattention,ithadto18downandnotbetakenowbytheimpulse(誘惑ofitsappetite.Yetthemonkeywastxabletounderstandthis.Itisinstanceslikethis19revea(提示themonkey'slackof20.1.A.keptB.raisedC.fedD.caught答案:A指導(dǎo):keep"飼養(yǎng)”,此處指科學(xué)家飼養(yǎng)了幾只黑猩猩和猴子,以研究動(dòng)物心理。本題干擾性最強(qiáng)的是raise,但raise一般當(dāng)“撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大”講,相當(dāng)于bringup;feed"喂食”,意思不全面。2.A.learnB.knowC.studyD.find答案:C指導(dǎo):科學(xué)家飼養(yǎng)黑猩猩和猴子顯然是研究它們的心理。3.A.movedB.removedC.takenD.loosen答案:B指導(dǎo):科學(xué)家要把兩個(gè)堅(jiān)果放到瓶子里面,應(yīng)首先把瓶塞“除去”?！耙苿?dòng)”“松開(kāi)”等都不合邏輯。4.A.insideB.topC.upsideD.outside答案:D指導(dǎo):因?yàn)閳?jiān)果是在瓶子里面,所以我們從“外面”可以看得到。其他選項(xiàng)不合語(yǔ)境。5.A.happilyB.anxiouslyC.hurriedlyD.easily答案:B指導(dǎo):猴子急于想吃到堅(jiān)果,因此應(yīng)是“著急地”晃瓶子。6.A.quiteB.onlyC.ofcourseD.not答案:B指導(dǎo):根據(jù)語(yǔ)境分析,只有當(dāng)堅(jiān)果出來(lái)的時(shí)候,猴子才能吃到它們。7.A.suddenlyB.accidentallyC.occasionallyD.quickly答案:B指導(dǎo):由語(yǔ)境判斷,猴子并沒(méi)有很好的辦法把堅(jiān)果取出來(lái),因此在晃動(dòng)下,堅(jiān)果只能“碰巧、偶然”掉了出來(lái)。oceasionally"偶而”說(shuō)明的是頻率,都不合邏輯。8.A.asB.thatC.whatD.until答案:A指導(dǎo):as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,當(dāng)“以……的方式”講。其他都不能引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。9.A.hangB.putC.turnD.hold答案:C指導(dǎo):turnsth.upsidedown是“把……倒轉(zhuǎn)”過(guò)來(lái)之意。只要把瓶子口朝下,堅(jiān)果就會(huì)被倒出來(lái)。10.A.ButB.ThenC.ThereforeD.Thus答案:A指導(dǎo):通過(guò)后面猴子忽視指令判斷,此處應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。11.A.directionsB.explanationsC.performancesD.instructions答案:D指導(dǎo):這兒指猴子忽視了教授的“指令、命令”。directions當(dāng)“產(chǎn)品、藥品”的說(shuō)明講;“解釋”、“表演”不合語(yǔ)境。12.A.effortB.strengthC.powerD.force答案:A指導(dǎo):指猴子“非常吃力地”搖晃瓶子。withgreateffort意為“非常賣(mài)力地”。此處猴子搖晃瓶子,不僅是用“體力”,也不是用“權(quán)利”和“武力”。13.A.expectingB.interestingC.desiredD.satisfyin答案:C指導(dǎo):desired過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),當(dāng)“所期望的”講,相當(dāng)于expectedo猤子沒(méi)有獲得期望的緯果。其他不合語(yǔ)法。14.A.ProbablyB.LikelyC.SimplyD.Nearly答案:C指導(dǎo):simply"僅僅”此處用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。指猴子僅僅把注意力集中在堅(jiān)果上而忽視了科學(xué)家的指令。15.A.norB.andC.butDinstead答案:B指導(dǎo):此處是并列關(guān)系。16.A.gestureB.mouthC.handD.eye答案:C指導(dǎo),科學(xué)家在教猴子怎樣把瓶子顛倒過(guò)來(lái),因此是“手”的動(dòng)作。17.A.mannerB.wayC.methodD.direction答案:B指導(dǎo):此處應(yīng)是瓶子被顛倒的方式。猴子沒(méi)有注意到科學(xué)家的演示。manner指的是人的“行為方式”,mothod指具體做事情的“方法”,用法比way正式。18.A.sitB.getC.letD.calm答案:D指導(dǎo):此處指猴子要想轉(zhuǎn)移注意力,必須首先“冷靜”下來(lái),不被誘惑所控制。其他選項(xiàng)不合題意。19.A.thatB.whichC.howD.what答案:答案:A答案:答案:DCloze4指導(dǎo)：that此處引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。其他不合語(yǔ)法要求。B.abilityC.trainingD.wisdom指導(dǎo)：這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明猴子缺乏“智慧”。其他選項(xiàng)都脫離了文章的中心。20.A.speechThewesternworldhasalwaysbeendividedintotwotypeofpeople--thecoolanduncnol.Itisa1thatstartsinschoolThe23kidsaregoodatsports.Theyaregoodlookingandpeople4abigeffort.Thatwouldwanttonotcool.Theuncoolkidsareinhavegreat5corneroftheplayground.Theyareverybright,buttheydon'tatsports.Whentheyarenot8computersdoingcalculus(微asthegeeks.theywill6skillstheyare7theirstyle.Theycandothehomeworkbuttheydon't積分intheirheads,theyarereadingcomebooksandwatchingshows.Theyare9putvirus(病毒inyourcomputerand12gooddegrees.Themostimportant11Here'sthegeeks.Thegeeksaretakingover(占上風(fēng)Makefriendswiththemnow10yourmathshomeworktoGeeksmightnotbepopularatschool,yettheydopasstheirexaminations,andtheymightnotbetoopopularatuniversity,mt13ofthe21stcentury,computesandIT,hasbeenatleastpartly14otherstofollowtheirexamples.Be:ageekistheInternetgavethema15oftheirowntopopularculturehascreatedbygeeks.GeckhenslikeBillGatesworkandplayinmakingthemaglobalforce.awayofearninggoodmoney.Andthecreationofstartedanewtrend(趨勢(shì).ItisdwcooltobeButtherearealso1A.division答案:答案:A答案:答案:B3.A.take答案:答案:C4.A.have答案:答案:D答案:答案:A個(gè)”。6.A.operating答案:答案:C7.A.good答案:答案:C達(dá)的語(yǔ)境正好相反。8.A.programming答案:答案:AB.makingB.speakingB.activeC.socialC.hopeless5.A.theother2.A.pleasantB.partB.cool2016,theeffectofthegeeks18.Geekcultureisbecominganimportantrtmofgeneralpopularculture,inwhichwhatyouknowisboreimportantthan19youlooklike..Geekswereoftenbullied(欺侮orlaughedatinschool.NowaC.groupC.crazyD.habitD.populargeckmaybeyourboss.Perhapsitistimeforpunishment.指導(dǎo)；這里指的是thecool和theuncool的“分類(lèi)”。由前面的divide可排除其他選項(xiàng)。指導(dǎo)：由下文Thatwouldnotbecool可知這里指的是第一類(lèi)人，thecool"很酷的”孩子往往擅長(zhǎng)體B.actC.copyD.advance育。從上下文的對(duì)比關(guān)系可排除其他選項(xiàng)。指導(dǎo)；copy用作動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)“模仿”講。此處是說(shuō)，那些擅長(zhǎng)體育的孩子長(zhǎng)得很帥，因此人們都喜B.sufferB.anyC.supportC.otherD.makeD.another歡模仿他們。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與style不搭配。指導(dǎo)：make．．effort是動(dòng)詞的固定搭配“付出……努力”．。指導(dǎo)：這里指和thecool相對(duì)應(yīng)的另一個(gè)陣營(yíng)。把事物分為兩部分，其余的一部分我們往往用theother．other表示“另外的一些”，是指把事物分為三部分以上；another表不三者或三者以上的“另一D.experimentalD.sharp指導(dǎo)；從后文看theuncool一類(lèi)人不善“社交”，即缺乏“社交技能”。指導(dǎo)：theuncool一類(lèi)人在體育方面也不行，因此選hopeless"無(wú)望的?。其他形容詞與此處所表C.repairingD.selling指導(dǎo)：programme用作動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)“編程序”講，此處指信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的奇才們?cè)趯W(xué)校里主要是編程序。-11-9.A.admired答案:答案:C類(lèi)人并不被人B.thoughtC.knownD.reeognized指導(dǎo)；beknownas意為“作為……出名”。他們就是人所共知的“奇才”。從文章所給的信息看，這看好，因此不用beadmiredasia作為……被崇拜”或berecognizedass!作為……被承認(rèn)”。10.A.and答案:答案:C答案:答案:C11.A.putB.soB.causeC.orC.bringD.thatD.take指導(dǎo)：or連接并列句，引出與前文相反的后果。指導(dǎo)；bringsomethingtoruin是固定短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于ruin“毀滅”。此處表達(dá)的意思是：如果B.takeC.wishD.finishB.progressD.improvementB.discourageD.promiseB.worldC.chanceB.HoweverD.BesidesD.heaven不跟這些人交朋友，他們會(huì)報(bào)復(fù)你，使你的電腦癱瘓。12.A.win答案:答案:B13.A.industryC.discovery答案:答案:A14.A.exciteC.demand答案:答案:A答案:答案:B15.A.space16.A.ThereforeC.Though答案:答案:D表“讓步”。17.A.in答案:答案:C答案:答案:B18.A.richB.ofB.uncoolC.onD.for指導(dǎo)：effect和介詞on搭配，表示“對(duì)……的影響”。C.attractiveD.handsome指導(dǎo)：Geeks一類(lèi)人獲得了巨大成就，對(duì)大眾文化也產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，因此人們對(duì)什么是coolB.thatB.questionsC.bowmuchD.what指導(dǎo)：take／get／obtainadegree"獲得學(xué)位”。指導(dǎo)：這里指信息產(chǎn)業(yè)，故用industry．指導(dǎo)：信息產(chǎn)業(yè)人才迅速崛起，獲得巨大成功，因此“激勵(lì)”人們仿效他們。指導(dǎo)：因特網(wǎng)的誕生為信息產(chǎn)業(yè)人才提供了廣闊的“世界”。前面有不定冠詞a，因此不選space．指導(dǎo)；besides用作副詞，表示“增補(bǔ)”關(guān)系。therefore表“結(jié)果”；however表“轉(zhuǎn)折”；though的觀點(diǎn)也發(fā)生了變化；過(guò)去uncool的Geeks現(xiàn)在成為人們真正崇拜的對(duì)象。19.A.how答案:答案:D答案:答案:ACloze5Thetaskofbeingacceptedandenrolled(招收inauniversitybeginsearlyforsomestudents.Long1theygraduatefromhighschool,thesestudentstakespecial32toprepareforadvancedstudy.Theymayalsotakeoneormoreexaminationsthattesthowuniversity.Inthefinalyearofhighschool,they46studentrecords,totheoniversifieswhichtheyhopetofrightened,theyare5preparedtheyareforthe20.A.dangers指導(dǎo)：現(xiàn)在人們意識(shí)到知識(shí)比外表更重要。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，本身作表語(yǔ)。C.possibilityD.chances指導(dǎo)：過(guò)去Geeks在校園里是被人欺負(fù)和嘲笑的對(duì)象，而現(xiàn)在卻當(dāng)了老板。因此此處說(shuō)，原來(lái)欺負(fù)他們的人也許就成了“奇才們”的雇員，被他們所控制，就是一種“危險(xiǎn)”。apphcations(申請(qǐng)andsendthem,withtheir.Sonaehighschoolstudentsmaybeandusuallyvery11before15fortohaveaninterviewwithrepre-senta--fivesoftheuniversity.Neatly7Whenthenewstudentsarefinally8toshowthattheyhaveagoodattitudeandthe9tosucced10,therem