語(yǔ)法填空專題公開課導(dǎo)學(xué)案四川省蒼溪中學(xué)校英語(yǔ)組張銘導(dǎo)入（Leading-in）由一篇語(yǔ)法填空導(dǎo)入課題（2023年全國(guó)卷Ⅲ）InancientChinalivedanartist.61paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir62(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould63(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver～perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith64(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.65heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand66(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout67(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,68(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds69(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartist70earth,MotherNature.【解析】whose考查定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為anartist，在從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾paintings，意為“……的”； finest考查形容詞，用最高級(jí)，表示“最好的作品”；bechosen考查動(dòng)詞，choose與he為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；curiosity考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，作介詞with的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞；65.When/As考查狀語(yǔ)從句，表時(shí)間，表示“當(dāng)……”；66.pointed考查動(dòng)詞，and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該保持一致；67.tofind考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，setouttodosth.“開始做某事”；68.gently考查副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞moved； 69.surrounding考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作saw的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與賓語(yǔ)clouds為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞； 70.on考查介詞，onearth為固定搭配“世界上，人世間”?？季V解讀高考新課標(biāo)卷語(yǔ)法填空題從考點(diǎn)上分為純空格式（無(wú)提示詞）與給詞填空式（有提示詞）兩類,共10小題,每小題分。該考點(diǎn)設(shè)置為在一篇200詞左右的語(yǔ)言材料中留出10個(gè)空，部分空的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需的內(nèi)容(填1個(gè)詞)或所提供單詞的正確形式（填1-3個(gè)詞）。試題從語(yǔ)法角度對(duì)短文進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)胤稚⑼诳?，其目的是考查學(xué)生理解語(yǔ)篇的能力、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力及熟練運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法的能力。年份卷別/文體/考查點(diǎn)有提示詞類無(wú)提示詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)換謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較等級(jí)名詞的數(shù)代詞冠詞介詞代詞并列連詞從屬連詞2023全國(guó)卷Ⅰ（說(shuō)明文）23110100101全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（說(shuō)明文）31211011000全國(guó)卷Ⅲ（記敘文）321100010022023全國(guó)卷Ⅰ（說(shuō)明文）22210011001全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（記敘文）22300010011全國(guó)卷Ⅲ（記敘文）322000010022023全國(guó)卷Ⅰ（說(shuō)明文）21211001101全國(guó)卷Ⅱ（說(shuō)明文）32200011001全國(guó)卷Ⅲ（記敘文）122101110013年統(tǒng)計(jì)211717622572110（一）有提示詞類1.考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所給提示詞為動(dòng)詞，如果該詞所在的句子缺謂語(yǔ)，就要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和意思確定動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、數(shù)（主謂一致）以及語(yǔ)氣的變化。（1）Ittookalongtimebuteventuallywe__________(solve)theproblem.（2）Theboy__________（laugh）atforhisdisability.【答案】1.solve；2.waslaughed考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所給提示詞為動(dòng)詞，如果該詞所在的句子不缺謂語(yǔ)，就要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和意思，確定動(dòng)詞的使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：1）如果表示將來(lái)或目的：todo2）如果與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系：doing3）如果與它的邏輯主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系：done（3）__________（judge）fromhisaccent,heisfromthesouthofChina.（4）Hemakeseveryeffort_________(achieve)hisgoal.（5）__________（compare）withotherbirds,cowsaremuchcleverer.【答案】3.Judging；4.toachieve;5.Compared考查形容詞和副詞所給提示詞為形容詞或副詞，主要考查比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（反義詞）。1）在表示范圍的in/of介詞短語(yǔ)或形容詞前有the時(shí)，一般要用最高級(jí)；than之前和even,much之后，一般要用比較級(jí)；2）.注意“越…,越…”The+比較級(jí)..,，the+比較級(jí)（6）Aftermanytalks,they__________(gradual)becamebestfriends.（7）Thehigheryoustand,the__________(far)youwillsee.【答案】6.gradually；7.farther考查名詞所給提示詞為名詞，主要涉及名詞的單/復(fù)數(shù)和詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。（8）Janeknewfrompastexperiencethather_______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.（9）Canyoutellusyoursecretfor________(happy)andalonglife?（10）Therearemanyother________(factor)thatmayhelppeoplelivelonger.【答案】8.choice；9.happiness;10.factors（二）無(wú)提示詞類1.考查冠詞名詞前若沒(méi)有形容詞性物主代詞或some/any等限定詞，就很可能要填冠詞。此外還要注意一些固定搭配中的冠詞。Sarahlookedat_______finishedpaintingwithsatisfaction.ThoughIlovemyfather,Iamat_______losshowtoshowit.【答案】11.the；12.a考查代詞句子缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，一般是考慮填代詞或名詞（多考代詞）。代詞主要考查：主格、賓格、形容詞/名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞以及特殊句式。（it,its）I’dappreciate_______ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.Thetrees_______(they)alsohaveaneffectontheclimate.【答案】13.it；14.themselves考查連詞若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連接詞，就可能是填并列連詞；若兩句之間沒(méi)有引導(dǎo)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)，一般考慮填并列連詞。（注意各種從句的引導(dǎo)詞）（15）Givemeachance,________I’llgiveyouawonderfulsurprise.（16）Inourclassthereare46students,halfof______wearglasses.【答案】15.and；16.whom考查介詞注意常見(jiàn)介詞的意思及適用語(yǔ)境。比如，with通常是“有、用”的意思；此外還要注意一些固定搭配中的介詞。（17）ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,mostpeopleeat____theirhands.（18）ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway_____carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetterknowncity.【答案】17.with；18.by考點(diǎn)歸納：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致、語(yǔ)氣等。動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：todo;doing;done名詞：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)；詞性轉(zhuǎn)換等有提示詞形容詞/副詞：比較級(jí)；最高級(jí)；原級(jí)等（6-7空）動(dòng)詞變名詞、形容詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)化名詞變形容詞形容詞與副詞互換連詞：并列連詞：andbut等從屬連詞：thatwhat等無(wú)提示詞代詞：主格、賓格、adj./n.性物主代/反身代、特殊句式等（3-4空）介詞：基本用法、固定搭配等冠詞：不定冠詞、定冠詞等隨堂練習(xí)FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome65dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.【答案】61.dishes 62.who/that 63.it 64.visiting 65.wasshocked66.havebecome 68.higher69.weight 70.for四、課后作業(yè)（homework）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（2023全國(guó)卷Ⅰ）Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探測(cè)器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—61(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis62(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山),moreso65thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-466(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin."Thisreallyexcitesscientists,"CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,"becauseit67(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68(construct)."Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow69iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.【答案】61.touched 62.extremely63.where 64.interest 65.than66.tofind 68.isconstructed69.much 70.its（2023全國(guó)卷Ⅱ）DecoratingwithPlants,FruitsandFlowersforChineseNewYearChineseNewYearisa61(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers62(carry)specialsignificance.Theyrepresenttheearth63(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.Thesearesomeofthemostpopularinmanypartsofthecountry:Oranges:Orangetreesaremore64decoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanyt