磁懸浮列車牽引系統(tǒng)MaglevTractionSystem磁懸浮列車牽引系統(tǒng)MaglevTractionSyste2ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev2ContentOverviewofMaglev3BackgroundChangesIncreaseofpopulationUrbanizationQualityoflifeProblemsofAirservicesAutomobilesConventionaltrains3BackgroundChanges4MaglevMagneticlevitationtrainLevitatedandpropelledusingelectromagnetismGuidewayArmElevatedtrack4MaglevMagneticlevitationtra5HistoryFirstpatentbyHermannKemperofGermanyin1934Quickeningperiodofthe1960sMaturityofthe1970s–1980sTestperiodofthe1990sPracticalpublicservicein2003MainresearchdonebyGermanyandJapan5HistoryFirstpatentbyHerman6ComparisonMaglevWheel-on-RailNoise60~65[dB]75~80[dB]SafetyNoderailmentandslippingDerailsfromaminordefectMaintenanceVerylittlePeriodicGrade80~100/100030~50/1000Curve30[m]inradius150[m]inradiusOperatingspeedUpto500km/hBelow300km/h6ComparisonMaglevWheel-on-Rail7CharacteristicsNotsuitableforfreightLesssusceptibleforicyconditionsEnvironmentfriendlyGoodaccelerationanddecelerationDifficultforswitchingorbranchingoffExpensiveforconstructionDangerouswhenelectricitysupplyisinterrupted7CharacteristicsNotsuitablef8ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev8ContentOverviewofMaglev9MagnetismMagnetismarisesfrommovingchargesMeasurementMagneticinductionIineMagneticfluxdensityMagneticflux9MagnetismMagnetismarisesfro10Electromagnetism(I)Right-handscrewrule(Ampere'srule)10Electromagnetism(I)Right-ha11Electromagnetism(II)Faraday'slawofinductionLenz’slawAninducedelectromotiveforce(EMF)alwaysgivesrisetoacurrentwhosemagneticfieldopposestheoriginalchangeinmagneticflux11Electromagnetism(II)Faraday12Electromagnetism(III)Right-handruleLeft-handrule12Electromagnetism(III)Right-13ElectricalengineeringFunctionTypicalCircuitRectifierAC->DCBridgerectifierInverterDC->ACPWMinverterChopperDC->DCBuck/boostcircuitTransformerAC->AC-VFDAC->ACRectifier+Filter+Inverter13ElectricalengineeringFuncti14ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev14ContentOverviewofMaglev15SubsystemsLevitationGuidancePropulsionBrakingEnergysupply15SubsystemsLevitation16EDSElectrodynamicsuspensionCharacteristicsMagneticrepulsiveforceAirgapabout100mmSuitableforhigh-speedoperationCannotlevitatebelow100km/hNeedrubbertires16EDSElectrodynamicsuspension17OnetypeClassificationPermanentMagnet(PM)SuperconductingMagnet(SCM)17OnetypeClassification18Anothertype18Anothertype19EMSElectromagneticsuspensionCharacteristicsMagneticattractionforceAirgapabout10mmNeedprecisecontrolEasierthanEDStechnicallyCanlevitateinzeroorlowspeeds(backupbattery)Coilsontheguideway19EMSElectromagneticsuspensio20ClassificationIntegratedtypeSeparatedtype20ClassificationIntegratedtyp21DevelopmentUsesuperconductingmagnetinsteadofconventionalelectromagnetPermanentmagnetsarepartlyusedwithelectromagnets21DevelopmentUsesuperconducti22GuidanceMechanicalguidewheel‘Zeromagneticflux’guidanceMagneticforceRepulsiveforceAttractionforce22GuidanceMechanicalguidewhe23MagneticforceAttractionforceRepulsiveforce23MagneticforceAttractionfor24PropulsionMagneticforceLinearmotor24PropulsionMagneticforce25ACasynchronousmotor25ACasynchronousmotor26ACsynchronousmotor26ACsynchronousmotor27Linearmotor27Linearmotor28LIMLinearinductionmotor28LIMLinearinductionmotor29LP/SPLongPrimary

/ShortPrimary29LP/SPLongPrimary/Short30LSMLinearsynchronousmotor30LSMLinearsynchronousmotor31ClassificationFieldlocationLongPrimaryShortPrimaryMagneticfieldPermanentMagnetElectromagnetwithiron-coreSuperconductingmagnetwithair-core31ClassificationFieldlocation32BrakingMethodSwapthepolesofelectromagnetSwapthephasesequenceofprimarywireloopsStrategyDecreasethenumberofrailwaystationsRegenerativebrakingandeddycurrentbrakingasprimarybrakingOilbrakingassecondarybraking32BrakingMethod33HybridbrakingAboveacertainspeed(usually5~20km/h)RegenerativebrakingEddycurrentbrakingBelowacertainspeedOilbrakingHigh-frictionskids(backup)33HybridbrakingAboveacertai34EnergyCollectionOn-boardbatteries:insufficientElectricpowersupplyfromgroundsidetosupportLevitationPropulsionOn-boardelectricalequipmentBatteryrecharging34EnergyCollectionOn-boardb35ClassificationLow-mediumspeedoperationMechanicalcontactsuchasapantographSPtypemaglevusedinthissituationHighspeedoperationLineargenerator35ClassificationLow-mediumspe36Lineargenerator36Lineargenerator37EnergyinfrastructureTransformerRectifierFilterInverterLoadTransformer37EnergyinfrastructureTransfo38ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev38ContentOverviewofMaglevOverviewShanghaimaglevTransittypeMagneticlevitationBeganoperationJanuary1,2004Numberoflines1Numberofstations2Length30.5kmMaxoperationalspeed431km/hOverviewShanghaimaglevTransitTechnologyShanghaimaglevLevitationEMSPropulsionLP-LSMGuidanceMagneticrepulsiveforceAirgapAbout10mmPrimarybrakingTrackeddycurrentbrake(>5km/h)SecondarybrakingRegeneratingbrake(>5km/h)Oilbrake(<5km/h)High-frictionskidsTechnologyShanghaimaglevLevitElectricpowersupplyElectricpowersupplyComparisonHSST(Japan)MLU(Japan)LevitationEMSEDSPropulsionSP-LIMLP-LSMAirgap8~12mm80~150mmMaxspeed100km/h581km/hGuidanceIntegratedIntegratedServiceLow-mediumspeed,shortdistanceHighspeed,longdistanceComparisonHSST(Japan)MLU(JapEndEnd磁懸浮列車牽引系統(tǒng)MaglevTractionSystem磁懸浮列車牽引系統(tǒng)MaglevTractionSyste45ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev2ContentOverviewofMaglev46BackgroundChangesIncreaseofpopulationUrbanizationQualityoflifeProblemsofAirservicesAutomobilesConventionaltrains3BackgroundChanges47MaglevMagneticlevitationtrainLevitatedandpropelledusingelectromagnetismGuidewayArmElevatedtrack4MaglevMagneticlevitationtra48HistoryFirstpatentbyHermannKemperofGermanyin1934Quickeningperiodofthe1960sMaturityofthe1970s–1980sTestperiodofthe1990sPracticalpublicservicein2003MainresearchdonebyGermanyandJapan5HistoryFirstpatentbyHerman49ComparisonMaglevWheel-on-RailNoise60~65[dB]75~80[dB]SafetyNoderailmentandslippingDerailsfromaminordefectMaintenanceVerylittlePeriodicGrade80~100/100030~50/1000Curve30[m]inradius150[m]inradiusOperatingspeedUpto500km/hBelow300km/h6ComparisonMaglevWheel-on-Rail50CharacteristicsNotsuitableforfreightLesssusceptibleforicyconditionsEnvironmentfriendlyGoodaccelerationanddecelerationDifficultforswitchingorbranchingoffExpensiveforconstructionDangerouswhenelectricitysupplyisinterrupted7CharacteristicsNotsuitablef51ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev8ContentOverviewofMaglev52MagnetismMagnetismarisesfrommovingchargesMeasurementMagneticinductionIineMagneticfluxdensityMagneticflux9MagnetismMagnetismarisesfro53Electromagnetism(I)Right-handscrewrule(Ampere'srule)10Electromagnetism(I)Right-ha54Electromagnetism(II)Faraday'slawofinductionLenz’slawAninducedelectromotiveforce(EMF)alwaysgivesrisetoacurrentwhosemagneticfieldopposestheoriginalchangeinmagneticflux11Electromagnetism(II)Faraday55Electromagnetism(III)Right-handruleLeft-handrule12Electromagnetism(III)Right-56ElectricalengineeringFunctionTypicalCircuitRectifierAC->DCBridgerectifierInverterDC->ACPWMinverterChopperDC->DCBuck/boostcircuitTransformerAC->AC-VFDAC->ACRectifier+Filter+Inverter13ElectricalengineeringFuncti57ContentOverviewofMaglevFundamentalsTractionsystemandsubsystemsShanghaiMaglev14ContentOverviewofMaglev58SubsystemsLevitationGuidancePropulsionBrakingEnergysupply15SubsystemsLevitation59EDSElectrodynamicsuspensionCharacteristicsMagneticrepulsiveforceAirgapabout100mmSuitableforhigh-speedoperationCannotlevitatebelow100km/hNeedrubbertires16EDSElectrodynamicsuspension60OnetypeClassificationPermanentMagnet(PM)SuperconductingMagnet(SCM)17OnetypeClassification61Anothertype18Anothertype62EMSElectromagneticsuspensionCharacteristicsMagneticattractionforceAirgapabout10mmNeedprecisecontrolEasierthanEDStechnicallyCanlevitateinzeroorlowspeeds(backupbattery)Coilsontheguideway19EMSElectromagneticsuspensio63ClassificationIntegratedtypeSeparatedtype20ClassificationIntegratedtyp64DevelopmentUsesuperconductingmagnetinsteadofconventionalelectromagnetPermanentmagnetsarepartlyusedwithelectromagnets21DevelopmentUsesuperconducti65GuidanceMechanicalguidewheel‘Zeromagneticflux’guidanceMagneticforceRepulsiveforceAttractionforce22GuidanceMechanicalguidewhe66MagneticforceAttractionforceRepulsiveforce23MagneticforceAttractionfor67PropulsionMagneticforceLinearmotor24PropulsionMagneticforce68ACasynchronousmotor25ACasynchronousmotor69ACsynchronousmotor26ACsynchronousmotor70Linearmotor27Linearmotor71LIMLinearinductionmotor28LIMLinearinductionmotor72LP/SPLongPrimary

/ShortPrimary29LP/SPLongPrimary/Short73LSMLinearsynchronousmotor30LSMLinearsynchronousmotor74ClassificationFieldlocationLongPrimaryShortPrimaryMagneticfieldPermanentMagnetElectromagnetwithiron-coreSuperconductingmagnetwithair-core31ClassificationFieldlocation75BrakingMethodSwapthepolesofelectromagnetSwapthephasesequenceofprimarywireloopsStrategyDecreasethenumberofrailwaystationsRegenerativebrakingandeddycurrentbrakingasprimarybrakingOilbrakingassecondarybraking32BrakingMethod76HybridbrakingAboveacertainspeed(usually5~20km/h)RegenerativebrakingEddycurrentbrakingBelowacertainspeedOilbrakingHigh-frictionskids(backup)33HybridbrakingAboveacertai77EnergyCollectionOn-boardbatteries:insufficientElectricpowersupplyfromgroundsidetosupportLevitationPropulsionOn-boardelectricalequipmentBatteryrecharging34EnergyCollectionOn-boardb78ClassificationLow-mediumspeedoperationMechanica