1.IntroductiontochinaChineseKungFuPekingOperaopentoandembracetheworldshowbrilliantvitalityinthisancientcountrywelcomeyouwithopenarms中國功夫

京劇

走向現(xiàn)代，開放國門

同放光彩（vital:adj.重要的，有活力的）

張開雙臂歡迎你2.NIHAOgreetingthehomeof“etiquette”wishyouwellwishyougoodhealth,agoodjobandahappyfamily問候（sendsb’sgreetings/respects/regardstosb

禮儀之邦

祝福你一切美好的事物

祝福你健康，有一個好的工作和幸福的家庭3.ConfuciusberaisedinapoorfamilydevelophisthoughtsintoasystemofphilosophyConfucianismself-cultivationharmoniousrelationshipswitheachotherrespectfortheelderlymakeanefforttoprovideahappylifeforpeoplepromoteeducationforordinarypeopletravelaroundtopromotehispoliticalthinkingagreatChinesespiritualleaderberegardedasthesymboloforientalculture出身貧寒

將思想發(fā)展成一套哲學(xué)體系

儒家思想

自我修養(yǎng)

人與人之間的和諧關(guān)系

對長輩的尊敬

致力于讓人民生活幸福

倡導(dǎo)每個人都有受教育的權(quán)利

周游列國，宣傳政治思想

偉大的精神領(lǐng)袖

被視為東方文化的象征4.SunTzutheSpringandAutumnPeriod:春秋時期TheArtofWar:《孫子兵法》

beregardedastheultimatemasterofwar(“兵圣”ultimate:adj.最終的；最好/重要/壞…;根本的）Competitionbetweeneconomiesandlogistics(后勤）isthenatureofwar.(戰(zhàn)爭制勝的基礎(chǔ)是…)Onlyifthenationisprosperousanditspeoplearestrongenough,willtheywinthewar.(國強(qiáng)民富）bringhugedamagestothenationandpeopleGatheringinformationonyourenemiesisthekeytowinningwars.

directtroops:v.管理，指導(dǎo)（directtheproject）subdue/defeattheenemywithoutforce:不用武力使敵人投降Peaceisthecommonobjectiveweshouldpursue.5.LaoTzuadragonwhohidintheclouds:像一條神龍，隱藏在云霧當(dāng)中allhislifebetranslatedintomanyforeignlanguagesPeopleshouldlearnfromnatureandkeepaharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureasaintshouldactlikeflowingwaterWatergiveslifetoothers,butdoesnotfightwithothers.水善于滋養(yǎng)外物，而不與萬物爭奪利益。beconsideredtheeliteofteachers:老師中的老師(elite:n.上層集團(tuán)；社會精英amemberoftheintellectualelite)4.LaoTzu6.Sunbringlifeandvitalitytotheworld:(vital:adj.要的，有活力的）重couldn’tputupwiththehotweathershootsthdownwithhisbow(弓箭）:24solartermsaccordingtothecirculationlawsoftheSun(24節(jié)氣）guidefarmingactivities:theriseandsetoftheSunrepresentshopeintheheartsofChinesepeople6.Sun7.MoonMythicalmeaningsareattributedtothemooninChineselegends.(myth:n.神話；mythicalheroes)(attributesth…to…認(rèn)為…具有某種特質(zhì)：Ancientpeopleattributedmagicpropertiestocertainstones.古人認(rèn)為某些石頭具有魔力。）Legendhasitthat…（同位語從句）

becameafairyandflewtothemoon

withtheonlycompanyofarabbitworshipthemoon：崇拜，崇敬（toloveandadmiresbsomuchthatyoucannotseetheirfaultse.g.Sheworshipsherchildren.極度寵愛）Aroundmoonrepresentsfamilyreunion,andoftenremindspeopleoftheirfamily.7.MOON8.TheLunarCalendar24daysmark24divisionsofthesolaryear(分割；分歧；區(qū)分）“Lichun”/thebeginningofthespring“Jingzhe”’thewalkingofinsects:gettingwarmer“Lixia”/thebeginningofsummer:cropsareblooming(bloom:flowerTheappletreeswereinbloom.ayounggirl,stillinthebloomofyouthHerfacehadlostitsusualbloom.(ayouthfulorhealthyglowinaperson’scomplexion青春容光，健康的容顏）5.“Dahan”/thegreatcold:theendofseverewinter

8.theLunarCalendar八月十五中秋節(jié)：theMid-autumnFestival;fallonAugust15thoftheLunarCalendar;onthe15thdayofthe8thmonthoftheLunarCalendar9.Compassindicatenorthandsouth(指示）

looklikeaspoonWhenthespoonwasonaplate,itshandlecouldpointtothesouth,usingmagneticfields(磁鐵的原理）.usealittlesteelneedletoreplacethespoon(鋼針）

makeiteasiertocarry:便于攜帶

withthehelpofthecompass

boostthedevelopmentofnavigation（航海）（boost:makesthincreaseorbecomebetterormoresuccessful:boostprofits/sb’sconfidence;n.giveaboosttotheeconomy）

9.Compass10.gunpowder

byaccident/chance:偶然themixturewouldexplode(mixawithb;

explosiveadj./explosion：n.)3.thesteelage:冷兵器時代gunpowder-basedweapons(-based:基于…的；home-basedbusiness:基于家庭，家庭為單位的產(chǎn)業(yè))primitiveguns:(primitivebeliefs:原始的、最初的信仰）thesplendidfireworksattheBeijingOlympicGameswideacclaimandadmirationfromtheaudience（acclaim:n./v.稱譽(yù)，高度贊揚(yáng)..winacclaimforcommitmentto…她因致力于…而為人贊譽(yù)）10.gunpowder11.paperpaper-making:n.造紙術(shù)

bemadeofsilkonly…couldaffordtouseit

makesthoutoftreebarkandrags:利用樹皮、破布Xuanpaper,akindofhighqualityricepaper,bestshowsthecharmoftraditionalChinesepaintingandcalligraphy.(宣紙最能展示中國畫和中國書法的魅力。)Jutepaper(黃麻紙）isusedtotranscribeChineseclassics(書寫古老的經(jīng)書）spreadtotheWestvia/throughtheChineseSilkRoadThousandsofyearsofcultureandcivilizationwererecordedonpaperandpassedtodifferentpartsoftheworld.11.paper12.printingBiShenginventedmovabletypeprint.（活字印刷術(shù)）cubes(madeofbakedclay)：泥制長方體石塊(WaterCube:水立方，北京奧運(yùn)會主游泳館）characters:漢字looklikethesealswidelyusedinChina（seal:印章；海豹；信物asealofourfriendship我們友誼的見證）

Themovablecomponents（組成成分）couldbearrangedfreelytoformdifferentvocabulariesandsentences.

incertainsequence：insequenceinorder,順序；一連串Thistechniqueimprovedtheefficiencyofprintingandtransformedtraditionaltranscriptionintomodernprinting:讓傳統(tǒng)的手工手寫發(fā)展成批量印刷

withthehelpofprinting12.printing13.PekingOpera

withahistoryof200yearsfourkindsofrolesaccordingtodifferentidentitiesandpersonalities（Sheng/Dan/Jing/Chou）

accompaniedbydozensofmusicalinstruments

enchantmanyChinesepeopleandforeignerswithitsuniquecharm(enchant:v.fillsbwithgreatdelight使陶醉，入迷，常用beenchantedwith，e.g.Marywasenchantedwiththeidea.瑪麗對這個想法入了迷。；anenchantedgarden被施了魔法的花園）13.PekingOpera14.TraditionalChinesePaintingheavy(濃的）,light（淡的）…changesofwaterandinkonpapershowthemysteriesoftraditionalChinesepainting.writingbrushes毛筆；ricepaper:宣紙

Water,inkandlinesarethemostessentialfactorsfortraditionalChinesepainting.水墨與線條threedimensionsorrealism:立體與寫實(shí)

auniqueChineseviewofscenery:It’sverycommonthataChinesepaintingisattachedwithapoem.IfyouunderstandtraditionalChinesepainting,youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofChinesepeople.14.TraditionalChinesePainting15.Frescoes(壁畫）

datebacktotheprehistoricperiodsome10,000yearsago

carveimagesofhumanactivitiesandnaturalviewsonrocksclear,vividandcolorful(將…刻在石頭上）

Legendhasitthatanancientpainterdrewadragononthewallandwhenheaddedeyestothedrawing,theimageturnedintoarealdragon.

withtheintroductionofBuddhismtoChinaDunhuangMogaoGrottoes：敦煌莫高窟…acollectionofmasterpiecesofnumerouspaintersinthepast1,000years：一批/一群historicaltalesandreligiousstories15.Frescoes(壁畫）16.DanceScenesofdancingweredrawnonpottery…danceatceremoniesforworship:祭拜Shedancedsolightlythatshesupposedlywouldflyawaywhenthewindblew.returnintriumph：(triumph:agreatsuccess,achievementorvictory巨大成功，成就，勝利oneofthegreatesttriumphsofmodernscience現(xiàn)代科學(xué)最重大的成就之一）powerfulandvigorous：(vigorous:energetic)abundantstylesofdanceinChina,acountry/composedofmanyethnicgroups:中國是多民族融合的國家

shortenthedistancebetweenpeople16.Dance17.Music

originatefromnature:(origin:n.起源）

Thesoundsofthewindblowingthroughthetrees,birdschirpingandwaterflowingaretheinspirationofChinesemusic.Xun,anancientegg-shapedinstrument/madeofpottery,canimitatethesoundofthewindbyblowingthroughtheholes.theboneflute(骨笛）theprivateorchestra(管弦樂隊(duì)）ofanoble:貴族家里的樂隊(duì)thenaturalbeautyofChinesemusichasenduredfromclassicstyletothemoderncompositions(作文；作品；組成部分）:始終未變的是它的自然之美。（endure:bear,e.g.thepainwasalmosttoogreattoendure.;last,e.g.asuccessthatwillendure.）17.music18.ChimeBells(編鐘）themostmajestic(莊嚴(yán)的）andholyancientinstrument:最為莊嚴(yán)神圣，氣勢恢宏的古代樂器beusedforsacrificialceremoniesorothercrucialceremonies（sacrificev.犧牲；n.祭祀）

becomposedofbellswithdifferentscales:大小不同（scale:n.范圍，規(guī)模，程度onalargescale大范圍的）createthesoundsofsevenmusicalscales:音階（scale:n.音階）

What’smoreamazingisthatonebellcangenerate(產(chǎn)生，形成）twonoteswhen（itis）struckatdifferentspots.

seethelightofday：開始存在，為人所知（cometolight）Itsexquisitecastandpuresound（鑄造精美，音質(zhì)純正；cast:castawelcomingsmiletosb;n.全體演員；鑄造）revealedthehighlevelofancientChinesecivilizationandwisdom.18.ChimeBells(編鐘）19.GuQin

makefriendswithhimthebody…thestringsaremadeofsilkPlayingguqininanelegantenvironmentbringspeoplebacktonature:優(yōu)雅的環(huán)境

purifythesoul：（pure:adj.純凈的）Itrepresentswisdom,talentandemotion(才智，才藝，才情的化身）arecordingofFlowingWater：《高山流水》19.GuQin假定你是李華，你的加拿大朋友Peter打算暑假來中國，希望與你一起去學(xué)習(xí)中國古琴(ChineseGuqin)。請給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.學(xué)習(xí)安排。

Hearingthatyou’relongingtoattendChineseGuqinlessonswithmeduringyoursummerholiday,I’mmorethandelightedtogiveyouawarmwelcomeandinformyouofthestudyarrangements.

TolearntheChinesetraditionalmusicalinstrumentsystematically,we’llsignupforacourseofferedbyanexperiencedteachernamedLiYi.Asscheduled,thelessonswillstartfromJuly7toAugust7inShanghai,duringwhichwe’llbeshownthehistoryandtechniquesofGuqin..Inthisway,notonlywillyougothroughthelessonmoresmoothly,butyouwillalsogainabetterunderstandingofGuqinandChinesemusic.

Whatismorethrillingisthattherewillbeopportunitiesforlearnerswhodistinguishthemselvestogiveaperformanceafteramonth’sstudy.WithstrongdeterminationtolearnChineseGuqinwell,I’mfirmlyconvincedthatyou’llmakeit.WelcometoChinaandIcan’twaittostarttheexplorationofChineseGuqinwithyou.20.Calligraphy(書法）writingartandtechniqueswithwritingbrushes:用毛筆書寫的藝術(shù)和技法WangXizhi,aprominentcalligrapherinChina:最受尊崇的書法家（prominent:renowned,famous,celebrated,distinguished）Writingbrushes,Chineseinks,ricepaperandinkslabsarethebasictoolsofcalligraphy.筆墨紙硯

Propertechniqueforhandlingthewritingbrushesandmaintainingtheproperanglebetweenthetipsofbrushesandthepaperarerequired.(…注意筆尖和紙的角度）

Thestructureofeachindividualcharacterandoverallarrangementarebothimportant.(單個字的結(jié)構(gòu)和整體布局）plentyofmasterpieceswhichhavebeenpassedfromgenerationtogenerationrepres