英語】八年級英語下冊語法填空試題和答案一、八年級英語下冊語法填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(含答案解析)1．按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空(每空不多于2個(gè)單詞)Marylivedinasmallvillage.Onemorning,herfathertookhertoher(uncle)homeintown.Shehadgoodtimethere.BeforeMary(leave)intheevening,herunclegaveherajar(罐子)andsaid,""Theresomecandyinit.Youmayputyourhandintothejarandtakesomewhenyouwant(eat)."Marylookedatthejarshewasonthetrain.Ithadalongandsmallneck.She(put)herhandintothejarandwantedtotakefive(piece).shecouldn'tgetherhandout.Sheturnedherhandagainagain.Atlastsheletgooffourpieces.Thenshecouldpullherhandoutofthejar.【答案】uncle's；had；left；is；toeat；when；put；piece；But；and【解析】【分析】本文講述了Mary從罐子里拿糖，懂得了做人不能太貪婪的故事。句意：一天早上，她父親帶她去了她叔叔在城里的家。根據(jù)uncle和home都是名詞，故其前是名詞所有格，故填uncle's。句意：她在那里玩得很開心。描述過去用一般過去時(shí)，haveagoodtime，玩得開心，have的過去式是had，故填had。句意：瑪麗晚上走之前，她叔叔給了她一個(gè)罐子，說里面有些糖果。描述過去用一般過去時(shí)，leave的過去式是left，故填left。句意：瑪麗晚上走之前，她叔叔給了她一個(gè)罐子，說里面有些糖果。直接引語是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，candy是不可數(shù)名詞，故therebe中的be用is,故填is。句意：你可以把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，想吃的時(shí)候拿一些。wanttodo,固定搭配，需要做歐式，故填toeat。句意：瑪麗在火車上看著罐子。在火車上和look是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，故此處是時(shí)間狀語從句，故用引導(dǎo)詞when，當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，故填when。句意：她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，拿了一塊。過了一會(huì)兒，她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，想拿五塊。描述過去用一般過去時(shí)，put的過去式是put，故填put。句意：她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，拿了一塊。過了一會(huì)兒，她把手伸進(jìn)罐子里，想拿五塊。基數(shù)詞five后是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，piece是名詞，故填piece。句意：但她沒能把手伸出。根據(jù)handintothejar和couldn'tgetherhandout可知，伸進(jìn)去和拿不出來是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but，但是，故填But。句意：她一次又一次地把手轉(zhuǎn)過來。againandagain，一次又一次，固定搭配，故填and?！军c(diǎn)評】考查語法填空，注意謂語的時(shí)態(tài)，非謂語動(dòng)詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法。2．語法填空NewYork,London,Parisandotherbigcitiesareexcitingplaces(live)in.Therearemanyinterestingthingstoseeandtodo.Youcangotodifferent(kind)ofmuseums,playsandfilms.Youcanbuythingsallovertheworld.thereareseriousproblemsinbigcitiestoo.isexpensivetolivethere,andtherearemanypeopleinsomeplacesofbigcities.Everyyearmanypeoplemovetothecitiestofindjobs,tostudyatgoodschoolsandreceivegood(medicine)care.Butsometimesthesepeoplecannotfindworkgoodplacestolivein.Alsoitishardtokeepthecitiessafeandclean.Somepeopleenjoy(live)inbigcities;(other)donot.theymovetoabigcity,theyshouldthinkabouttheproblemsoflivingthere.【答案】tolive；kinds；also；But；It；medical；or；living；others；Before【解析】【分析】本文介紹了在大城市生活的優(yōu)勢和缺點(diǎn)。句意：紐約、倫敦、巴黎和其他大城市都是令人興奮的可以居住的地方。不定式做后置定語，故填tolive。句意：你可以去不同種類的博物館、戲劇和電影。different后是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，kind是名詞，故填kinds。句意：你可以買到世界各地的東西。此處是副詞修飾動(dòng)詞buy,表示并列關(guān)系，位于句中，故是also，也，故填also。句意：但是大城市也有嚴(yán)重的問題。此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，表示對比大城市的好和問題，故填But。句意：住在那里很貴，有很多人在大城市的某些地方。it做形式主語，tolivethere是真正的主語，故填I(lǐng)t。句意：每年都有許多人搬到城市去找工作，去好學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)，接受良好的醫(yī)療保健。care是名詞，其前是形容詞，medicine是名詞，medical是形容詞，故填medical。句意：但是有時(shí)這些人找不到工作和好地方居住。根據(jù)cannot，可知連接否定關(guān)系，表示并列用連詞or,故填or。句意：有些人喜歡住在大城市，有些人不喜歡。enjoydoing，固定搭配，喜歡做某事，故此處是動(dòng)名詞，故填living。句意：有些人喜歡住在大城市，有些人不喜歡。some...others，固定搭配，一些......另一些，故填others。句意：他們搬到一個(gè)大城市之前應(yīng)該考慮住在那里的問題。此處是連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，考慮住在那里的問題是在去大城市之前，故是before，連詞，故填Before?！军c(diǎn)評】考查語法填空，注意謂語的非謂語動(dòng)詞，詞性，連詞搭配等多種用法。3．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適合的單詞或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。TheGreatWallofChinahasahistoryofovertwothousandyears.ItrunsfromtheeastthewestinNorthChina.It'sabout6,300kilometerslong.It'soften(call)"Ten-Thousand-LiGreatWall".Itisoneofthe"SevenWondersoftheAncientWorld".TheGreatWalliswideenoughforten(man)towalksidebyside.Horsescanalsorunalongit,too.TheGreatWallwasmadestonesandbricks(磚).Therearehugestonesoneachsideandonhighestpart.Butnowsomesectionsofitarewornout.TherearetallwatchtowersalongtheGreatWall.(one)uponatime,thesoldierskept(watch)theenemies(敵人)inthewatchtowersdayandnight.Theymadefireonthetowerstotelleachotherwhentheenemies(come).Nowadayswe(not)usetheGreatWalltokeepawaytheenemiesanymore.Itisafamousplaceofinteresttoallthepeopleintheworld.Everyyearthousandsofpeoplecometovisitfromallovertheworld.【答案】to；called；men；of；the；Once；watching；came；don't；it【解析】【分析】這篇短文描寫了長城。長城的大小及長城在古代和現(xiàn)代的作用。(1)句意：在中國北部他從東蜿蜒到西。from...to...,從......到......，古代短語，故答案為：to。(2)句意：它經(jīng)常被稱作萬里長城。句子的主語和謂語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，is/am/are+done,故答案為：called。句意：長城足夠?qū)捵屖畟€(gè)人肩并肩的走過。ten十個(gè)，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，man人，可數(shù)名詞，故答案為：men。(4)句意：長城是有石頭和磚建成的。bemadeof由..制成，能看出材料，故答案為：of。句意：在每邊和最咼地方有巨石。形容詞的最咼級前有定冠詞the，故答案為：the。句意：從前，戰(zhàn)士們整天整夜在瞭望臺(tái)觀看敵人。onceuponatime，從前，固定短語，故答案為：Once。句意：從前，戰(zhàn)士們整天整夜在瞭望臺(tái)觀看敵人。keepdoingsth.不斷做某事，故答案為：watching。句意：當(dāng)敵人來時(shí)他們在瞭望臺(tái)上點(diǎn)火來告訴彼此。根據(jù)主從句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，可知此處用一般過去時(shí)，故答案為：came。句意：現(xiàn)在我們不再使用長城來把敵人阻止在外。根據(jù)nowadays，可知句子使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)詞是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，否定結(jié)構(gòu)借助于助動(dòng)詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)don't，故答案為：don't。句意：每年全世界成千上萬人來參觀長城。前面提到長城，在下文再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)用it代替，故答案為：it?！军c(diǎn)評】此題考查語法填空。跳過空格，不看選項(xiàng)，快速地閱讀全文，從整體上感知全文，掌握大意。復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。先易后難。三讀短文，上下參照，驗(yàn)證答案。4．語法填空Anartistpaintedmanypicturesofgreatbeauty.Buthefoundthathehadnotyetpainteda"real"picture.Hebeganhistriptolookthemostbeautifulthingintheworld.theway,hemetanagedpriest(神父)who(ask)himwherehewasgoing."Idon'tknow,"saidtheartist."Iwant(paint)themostbeautifulthingintheworld.Perhapsyoucandirectmetoit.""Howeasy,"repliedthepriest."Inanychurch,youwillfindit'Faith'（信仰,信任)isthemostbeautifulthingintheworld."Theartisttraveledon.(late),ayoungmothertoldhimthemostbeautifulthingis"Love"."Love"(make)theworldgoround.Withoutlovethereisnobeauty.Stilltheartistcontinuedhissearch.Heaskedasoldierthesamequestionandhisanswerwas"Peace".Hesaid,"Warisuglyandwhereveryoufindpeace,youwillfindbeauty,faithandlove.""HowcanIpaintallof(they)—Faith,LoveandPeace?"Hethoughtandthought.Hewassurprisedthatwithout(think)wherehewasgoing,hehadgottohisfamiliarplace.Inthe(face)ofhiswifeandchildren,hesawLoveandFaith."Wearethinkingofyouallthetime.Weprayed(祈禱)youwouldreturntoussafely,"saidhiswife.Theartistsatonhisfavouriteoldchairandhisheartwasatpeace.Theartistpaintedthemostbeautifulthingintheworldand(call)it"Home".5．語法填空Myfriend,James,hasadreamthatonedayhecanhaveatriptotheuniversehewantstoknowwhatthespaceislike.Heisacook.Helikes(Italy)foodverymuch,sohehasalreadytoItalytostudy.Now,heisverygoodat(cook)andbecomesanexcellentcook.Hewillentera(compete)thisyear,anditwillhim￡2.Ifhe(win),hisdramwillcometruebecausethefirstprizeisatripthespaceandhewillstayinanenvironmentwithair.Jamesthinksitmustbean(amaze)experience.6．語法填空Everyone,richpoor,canhavehappiness.Youdon'tneedtothinktoomuchthoserichpeople.Theymayalwaysfeel(lone)becausetheirhousesarctoobig,andtheymaywant(walk)oncountryroadsbecausetheydrivetoworkeverydayinthebusycity.Infact,happinessisalwaysaroundyou.Whenyouareunhappy,your(friend)willcometohelpyouandthiswillsurely(make)youhappy.Whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,youwillgetgoodgradesofcourseyouwillfeelhappyaboutit.Ifyoudon'tfeel(good,yourparentswilltakegoodcareofyouandyouwillbehappy.Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouarehappyyoumayhavesomethingelsethatmoneycan'tbuy.Whenyouhaveproblems,say(loud)thatyouarehappybecauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Thenyoucansucceedinwhatyoudoandthismaybringyouhappiness.7．閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號內(nèi)詞語的正確形式填空。Doyouhaveanyspecialmemoriesthatyoustillrememberwhenyougrowup?Actually,thereareafewmemoriesinour(child)thatwillstaywithusforever.Somethatseemedsoterribleatthattimemaymakeus(smile)yearslater.OnesuchmemoryisaphonecallIgotIwasaboutfouryearsold.Mymothertookpartinacompetitiononaradioshow.Competitorswouldtellinterestingstoryabouttheirchildrenandthe(win)wouldgetaphonecallfromMr.SantaClauswhoworkedattheradiostation.Mr.SantaClauswouldgivethewinner'schildsomegifts.Whenthecallcame,MomtalkedtoMr.SantaClaus(one)andthenshegavemethephone.Atthattime,MomhadtoldMr.SantaClausthatI(draw)onawallwithcrayons.ThenMr.SantaClausaskedmeaboutmyartworkthephone.IregardedthatmanastherealSantaClaus,soIthrewdowntheandrancryingoutoftheroom.SantaClauswouldknowthatIhadbeenbad!However,Ididgettwosoft(toy)fromtheradiostation.AndIguessedSantaClausdidn'tfindoutaboutthewall.Maybehedidbutjustforgotaboutit.8.【答案】health；as；less；(to)build；helps；a；for；strong；relaxed；running【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，如今跑步是越來越流行了，經(jīng)常跑步能夠使我們的身體更加健康，遠(yuǎn)離疾病，驅(qū)散寒冷，也能使我們放松。(1)考查名詞。句意：為了我們的健康，我們許多人跑步。形容詞性物主代詞后面接名詞，故填health。(2)考查介詞。句意：醫(yī)生說許多健康問題來自一些不好的飲食習(xí)慣，像吃的太多，喝酒太多，吸煙，熬夜和不進(jìn)行足夠的鍛煉。such...as固定短語“像......"，故填as?？疾楦痹~。句意：醫(yī)生告訴我們，吃少點(diǎn)，不要吸煙，有足夠的睡眠和足夠的鍛煉即可。此處是副詞比較級作狀語，故填less。考查不定式。句意：跑步是很好的一種鍛煉因?yàn)樗軒臀覀兗訌?qiáng)身體強(qiáng)壯。helpsb.(to)dosth.固定短語，"幫助某人做"故填(to)build。(5)考查動(dòng)詞。句意：它總是幫著人們減輕體重。it作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填helps。(6)考查冠詞。句意：一位二十五歲的女教師每周跑步五次，每天早上半小時(shí)。fivetimesaweek"—周五次"，不定冠詞表示“每一，故填a?？疾榻樵~。句意：在其他方面，跑步對于我們的健康也有好處。begoodfor固定短語，“對有益”，故填for?？疾樾稳菰~。句意：許多跑步運(yùn)動(dòng)員說跑步能叫人們強(qiáng)壯。makesb+adj,固定短語，“使某人”，形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填strong。(9)考查形容詞。句意：接下來，你就會(huì)感到很放松并且精力充沛。此處形容詞作表語，故填relaxed。(10)考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：因此，現(xiàn)在各個(gè)年齡階段的男性和女性都喜歡跑步。enjoydoingsth固定短語“喜歡做某事”。根據(jù)句意，故填running?！军c(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及名詞、介詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)詞、冠詞以及形容詞等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查。綜合性強(qiáng)，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。二、八年級英語下冊閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（含答案解析）9?閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。OnFebruary3rd,1949,NewYorkHarbor（港）wasanexcitingplace.ManypeopleweretheretogreetashipfromFrance.Ontheshipwere49Frenchrailroadboxcars（火車車廂）filledwithgiftsfromthepeopleofFrancetothepeopleofAmerica.TheseboxcarswerefromthefamousMerciTrain（Merci:aFrenchwordmeaning"thankyou"）.AfterWorldWarII,alotoffactories,roadsandfarmsinFrancehadbeendestroyed.ManyFrenchpeoplehadnojobsormoneyandhadlittletowearandlittletoeat.Inthewinterof1947,atrainwassentacrosstheUnitedStates,stoppingincitiesandtownsalongtheway.Ateverystop,peoplegavewhatevertheycould.Factoriesgaveclothingandmedicine.Farmersgavefood.Familiesgavemoney.Evenschoolchildrengaveawaytheirpocketmoney.AllthethingswerethentakentoFrancebyship.By1949,theFrenchhadbeguntorecover（恢復(fù)）fromthewar.TheMerciTrainwastheirwayofsaying"thankyou"toAmerica.Frenchpeoplehadfilledtheboxcarswithgifts.Mostofthemwerepersonal,likehand-madetoys,children'sdrawings,orpostcards.Buttheboxcarsthemselveswereperhapsthemostmeaningfulofthegifts.Oneachcar,theFrenchpeoplehadpaintedthepicturesofalltheir40provinces,withanAmericaneagleonthefront.TheboxcarsweretakentoeachstateofAmerica,wheretheywerewarmlygreeted.Nowmanyofthestatesstillkeeptheirboxcars.GiftssentbytheFrenchpeoplecanstillbeseeninsomemuseums.TheMerciTraincameoutofthewar,butitnowremindstheworldthatcountriescanalsoworktogetherinpeace.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z（1）ManypeoplecrowdedatNewYorkHarboronFebruary3rd,1949to.welcometheMerciTrainB.meettheirfamiliesC.haveabigpartyD.startatripbyship（2）In1947,atrainstoppedincitiesacrossAmericainorderto.giveawayclothingandfoodB.getmoresoldiersforthewarC.collectthingstohelpFrenchpeopleD.showexhibitionsfromthemuseums（3）Theunderlinedword""them"inParagraph3refersto（扌旨）.theAmericanpeopleB.theFrenchpeopleC.theboxcarsD.thegifts（4）Thepassageismainlyabout.thestoryoftheMerciTrainB.thehistoryofWorldWarIC.giftsthatAmericanpeoplelikedD.Americanmuseumswheretheboxcarswerekept【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介紹了來自法國的MerciTrain的故事。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段ManypeopleweretheretogreetashipfromFrance.很多人在那里歡迎一艘來自法國的船，可知這一天人們聚集在紐約港是為了歡迎MerciTrain。故選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AllthethingswerethentakentoFrancebyship.所有的東西通過船被帶到法國，可知火車在美國的每個(gè)城市停留是為了收集物資幫助法國人民。故選C。代詞辨析題。根據(jù)上文Frenchpeoplehadfilledtheboxcarswithgifts.法國人用禮物填滿了火車車廂，可知?jiǎng)澗€代詞them指代的是上文的gifts"禮物”。故選Do主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，短文主要介紹了來自法國的MerciTrain的故事。故選Ao【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、代詞辨析題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；代詞辨析題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出代詞指代的內(nèi)容；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10.閱讀短文，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Everyonegetsangry.Manythingsmaymakeyouangry.Maybeyourteachergaveyoutoomuchhomework.Ormaybeafriendborrowedyourfavoritevideogameandthenbrokeit.Youmaygetangrywhensomethingdoesn'tgoyourway.Maybeyougetmadatyourselfwhenyourteamlosesanimportantgame.Ormaybeyoubecomearoadrager(路怒族)whenadriveraccidentallycutsinfrontofyou.Thatmakesyouangry!Youneedtoknowwhattodowithyouranger.Herearesomethingsyoucandowhenyoufeelangry：Talktoafriendyoucantrust.Countto10.Getorgivehug.Takesomeexercise.Drawapictureofyouranger.Playvideogame.Runaroundtheoutsideofthehousefivetimesasfastasyoucan.SingalongwiththeCDplayer.Pullweedsinthegarden.Thinkgoodthoughts(maybeaboutafunvacationoryourfavoritesport).Takeabikeride,goskating,playbasketball-dosomethingactive!Nevergettingangryisimpossible.Butwhenyou'reangry,youcandosomethinganditcanmakethingsbetterorworse.Don'tletangerbethebossofyou.Takechargeofit!Inthepassage,thewritergivesuspiecesofadvice.tenB.elevenC.twelveD.thirteenTheunderlinedpart""whensomethingdoesn'tgoyourway"means.A.whenyougetlost.B.whenyouareonawrongway.C.whenyoumeetwithsomethingdifficult.D.whenthingsdon'tgoasyouimagine.Ityourunaroundtheoutsideofyourhousefivetimes,andyourhouseisacircleof260meters,youwillrun.A.1,300metersB.1,300kilometersC.1,360metersD.1,360kilometersAsfordealingwithanger,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?Talktoafriendyoubelieve.B.Getahug.C.Pullweedsinthegarden.D.Haveafightwithafriend.Thepassageismainlyabout.howtodealwithyouranger.B.lettingangerbethebossofyou.C.drinkingmorewaterwhenyou'reanger.D.doingsomethingactivewhenyouareangry.【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)A(4)D(5)A【解析】【分析】文章大意：每個(gè)人都會(huì)生氣。很多事情都會(huì)讓你生氣。我們可以采取一些措施來讓自己避免生氣。理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，作者一共提供了11條建議，故選B。句意理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Youmaygetangrywhensomethingdoesn'tgoyourway.理解可知，當(dāng)事情沒有按照你的預(yù)算發(fā)展的時(shí)候，你會(huì)生氣的。故選Do理解計(jì)算題。根據(jù)題干提示可知，如果你在屋外跑了五圈，而房子是一個(gè)260米的圓圈，你就會(huì)跑5*260=1300meters,故選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段的內(nèi)容可知，與朋友打一架沒有涉及到，故選Do理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，此文主要介紹了怎樣處理憤怒，故選Ao【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題，詞義推斷題，推理判斷題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題，詞義推斷題以及判斷題都需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出正確選項(xiàng)。11．閱讀理解MostAmericanchildreneatpotatoes.Butmanychildrendon'tknowwhatofthepotatoisthebestfood.Takeaknifeandcutfromthemiddleofthepotatoapieceasthinaspaper.Iholdthepiecebetweenyoureyesandlight.Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin(皮),anoutsiderim(邊緣)andaninsidepart.Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthemostvaluablepartofall.Butthisisoftenthrownawaywiththeskin.Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavetheoutside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimfirstandleavetheinsidepart.Howmanypartsdoesthepotatohave?Ithasonlyonepart,outsiderim.Ithastwoparts,skinandoutsiderim.Ithasthreeparts,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.Ithasfourparts,middle,skin,outsiderimandinsidepart.Whatisthebestpartofapotato?A.Outsiderim.B.Insidepart.C.Middle.D.Skin.Infacttheskinis—.nogoodatallbetterthantheinsidepartbetterthantheoutsiderimasgoodastheoutsiderimWhatdoesthispassagetellaboutpotatoes?HowtocookthemHowtoplantthemWhatismadeupofapotatoHowtoeatthem【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)D【解析】【分析】短文大意：這是一篇科普性短文，我們只知道土豆有皮和內(nèi)肉組成，真的不知皮和內(nèi)肉之間有一層邊緣，而且邊緣部分的營養(yǎng)價(jià)值更高。我們在吃土豆時(shí)，即使舍其肉也不可丟其邊緣，切記。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Youwillseethatthepotatohasskin(皮),anoutsiderim(邊緣)andaninsidepart.可知洋蔥包括三部分。故選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theoutsiderimwhichisrightundertheskinofthepotato,isthemostvaluablepartofall.可知外面邊緣是最好的一部分。故選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eventheskinitselfisbetterforfoodthantheinside.甚至皮本身比里面更好。故選B。主旨大意題。Wheneatingacookedpotato,ifyouchoosetheinsideandleavetheoutside,youarethrowingthebestpartofit.Ifyoucan'tcatthewholepotato,eattheoutsiderimfirstandleavetheinsidepart.可知這篇文章講的是土豆的吃法。故選D。【點(diǎn)評】此題考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)用同義結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換后進(jìn)行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)(通常是四個(gè))放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項(xiàng)或選出錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng))或?qū)讉€(gè)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行排序等。解答這類試題時(shí)，一個(gè)常用的方法就是運(yùn)用定位法，即根據(jù)題干或選項(xiàng)中的線索詞從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較從而確定答案。對于主旨大意題要根據(jù)文章的主題句或文章的中心思想確定。12.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。Hi,rmAmy.I'mheretohelpyouwithanystudy-related(有關(guān)系的)problem,bigorsmall.Pleasesendmeamessageanytime.—AmyMyproblemistime—Idon'thaveenoughtime.Nextmonth,Iwillhavetwelveexams.HowcanIpossiblystudyforallofthem?Ithinkit'sdifficultandimpossible.—CindyHi,Cindy.Itisn'timpossiblebutyouhavetogetstartednow.Makeastudyplanandprepareforeachsubject.It'sbettertostudyforanhouradaythanjustonceaweek,allday.—AmyIshareabedroomandadeskwithmysister.Whenwestudyatthedesktogether,shedistracts(使分心)mebecausesheisnoisy.Itrytotalkwithheraboutit,butshegetsangryCanyouhelpme?—JaneHi,Jane.Youandyoursistercanusethedeskatdifferenttimes.Youcantalkaboutitwithher.Oryoucanstudyattheschoollibraryafewtimesaweek.If卍seasiertowriteinsteadof(而不是)talkingfacetoface,trymessagingherandexplain(解釋)how▲youfeel.—Amyrmsilly.Ijustfindithardtostudy.IalwaysstopandstartandIkeepgettingthefeelingtharmlearningwrongthings.Idon'tthinkyoucanreallyhelpme.—LizaLiza,you'renotsillyatall!Lotsofstudentshavethesameexperienceasyou.Sometimesthingswillimproveifyoujoinastudygroup.Joinagroupandmeettwiceorthreetimesaweekafterschooltostudytogether.It'shelpfulforlotsofstudents.—AmyWhatisCindy'sproblem?Herteachersdon'tlikeher.Herparentsdon'tunderstandher.Shedoesn'twanttostudyforherexams.Shedoesn'thaveenoughtimetostudyforherexams.Wholivesinthesamebedroomwithhersister?Amy.B.Cindy.C.Jane.D.Liza.Thebestwordfor"▲"is"".terribleB.afraidC.luckyD.excitedWhatdoesAmythinkofLiza?A.Sheissilly.B.Sheisnoisy.C.Shelearnsquickly.D.Shehasacommonproblem.(5)AmyadvisesLizato.makeaplanjoinastudygrouptalkwithherfriendsstudyintheschoollibrary【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)A(4)D(5)B【解析】【分析】文章講訴了關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)熱線主持人艾米回答了森碟、簡和麗莎關(guān)于各自的學(xué)習(xí)問題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Idon'thaveenoughtime.Nextmonth,Iwillhavetwelveexams.可知是沒有足夠的時(shí)間為考試學(xué)習(xí)；故選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ishareabedroomandadeskwithmysister.—Jane可知是簡和妹妹共用房間；故選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)shedistracts(使分心)mebecausesheisnoisy.Itrytotalkwithheraboutit,butshegetsangry.Canyouhelpme?可知感覺多么糟糕；故選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lotsofstudentshavethesameexperienceasyou.可知是認(rèn)為麗莎的問題很正常；故選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sometimesthingswillimproveifyoujoinastudygroup.可知是建議她參加學(xué)習(xí)俱樂部；故選Bo【點(diǎn)評】此題考查閱讀理解。這篇閱讀理解是關(guān)于細(xì)節(jié)理解。對于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，需要在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息，然后遵循由整體到細(xì)節(jié)的原則，把握作者的思路，按全文——段落——詞語的步驟來解題。13．閱讀理解Six-year-oldgirlIriswasbornwithautism（自閉癥）.Shedidn'tliketotalkorbewithothersandsheoftenfeltnervous,whenIriswasthreeyearsold,hermothergavehersomeartlessons.ThereshefoundIrishadgreattalentforpainting.Fromthenon,Irisoftenspendsherdaypainting.However,Irisstillfeltlonely.Iris'sparentslearnedthatanimalsweregoodforchildrenwithautism,sotheyintroducedsomeanimalstoIris.BeforeThula,theyintroducedhorses,dogsandothercatstoIris,butthosedidn'thelp.UntilcatThulaarrived,theygotalongverywellinjustafewweeks.Irisoftendrawsaboutthecat'seyesandnoseinherpaintings.Iris'smothersaid,"WhenIrisispainting,shetellsThulatositifshejumpsupontothetable.ThulastaystherewatchingIriswithgreatinterest."IrisandThulaarealwaystogether,eating,sleeping,playing...Iris'smotherhoundthatitwaseasiertomakeIristalkwithotherswhenThulawasaround."ThankstoThula,Irisfoundawaytoshowherfeelingsandcommunicatewiththeworld.Sheishappierthaneverbefore."（1）Irislikedtobeforeshelearnedpainting.A.talkwithothersB.gotoparksC.gotoschoolD.bealone（2）whydidIris'sparentsintroduceanimalstoher?A.BecausetheyweregoodforIris'sillness.B.BecauseIrislikedanimals.C.Becausetheywantedapet.D.BecauseIrislikedtodrawanimals.WhatdoesIrisoftendrawaboutThula?Thula'searsandeyes.C.Thula'seyesandnose.Thula'searsandeyes.C.Thula'seyesandnose.Thula'shairandeyes.Thula'smouthandnose.Thulaoften—whenIrisisdrawing.playswiththepicturesdrawspicturesjumpsupanddownsitsthereandwatchesIris【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)C(4)D【解析】【分析】文章大意：艾里斯自幼患有自閉癥，很少與人交流，三歲時(shí)，艾里斯開始喜歡畫畫。后來父母把一些動(dòng)物介紹給艾里斯，后來圖拉成了她的好伙伴。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Shedidn'tliketotalkorbewithothersandsheoftenfeltnervous，理解可知，艾里斯在學(xué)畫畫以前，一直獨(dú)自一人玩。故選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Iris'sparentslearnedthatanimalsweregoodforchildrenwithautism,sotheyintroducedsomeanimalstoIris.理解可知，艾里斯的父母知道動(dòng)物對自閉癥兒童有好處，所以他們把一些動(dòng)物介紹給艾里斯，故選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Irisoftendrawsaboutthecat'seyesandnoseinherpaintings?理解可知，艾里斯經(jīng)常畫圖拉的眼睛和鼻子，故選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語句Iris'smothersaid,"WhenIrisispainting,shetellsThulatositifshejumpsupontothetable.ThulastaystherewatchingIriswithgreatinterest."理解可知，艾里斯在畫畫時(shí)，圖拉經(jīng)常坐在那里，看她畫畫，故選Do【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問題，弄清問題的大意；然后帶著問題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。14．閱讀理解Ifyouwatchtheskyforaboutanhourafterthesungoesdown,youmayseesome"movingstars".Buttheyarenotrealstars.Theyareman-madesatellites.AndthebiggestofallistheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).FromMaytoJuly,itisthebestseasontowatchtheISSflyingovertheearth.Andpeoplecanseeitwiththeireyesduringthetime.ThescientistswanttoliveontheISS.Theythinkthatthebestwaytolearnmoreaboutspaceistolivethere.Whenthespacestationisfinished,itwillbelikeacityinspace.Peoplewillstayandstudytherewithmanyofthethingstheyhaveathome.Laboratories,livingroomsandpowerstationsarebeingbuilt.TheISSisthemostexpensiveprogram.Billionsofdollarsarespentoniteveryyear.ScientistshopethattheISSwillbeasteppingstoneforfuturespaceexploration."TheISSwillbemoreusefulsomeday.TheISSwillhelpusunderstandthehumanbodybetter,explorespaceandstudytheearth.Itcanhelpusmakelifeontheearthbetter,"saidKathrynClark,anISSscientist.Sixteencountriesarepartofthespaceprogram,theUS,Russia,Canada,Japan,Brazil,and11Europeancountries.Chinaisn'tanISScountry,butithashelpedwithsomeoftheexperiments.In2003,ChinasentsomericeuptotheISStofindoutwhatspacewoulddotoit.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanlearn.wecan'tseetheISSwithoureyesMarchisthebesttimetowatchtheISSflyingovertheearthallthemovingstarsarerealstarsthebiggestman-madesatelliteistheISSWhichdothescientiststhinkisthebestwaytolearnmoreaboutspace?Toliveontheearth.TowatchtheISSflyingovertheearth.ToliveontheISS.Tomakelifeontheearthbetter.ChinasentsomericeuptotheISSto.beusedasastronauts'foodsellittoaliensdosomescienceexperimentsmakeitgrowbetterinspaceFromthepassageweknowthat—.16countriesaremembersofthespaceprogrampeoplecanseetheInternationalSpaceStationwiththeireyeswhenevertheywantbuildingtheISSisonlyforscientiststolivetherescientistscandoanythingtheylikeontheISSnow【答案】(1)D(2)C(3)C(4)A【解析】【解析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了國際空間站是最大的人造衛(wèi)星。有十六個(gè)國家是太空項(xiàng)目的成員，國際空間站是最昂貴的程序。數(shù)十億美元每年花在它上，它會(huì)幫助我們更好地了解人體，空間探索和研究地球等。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一行最后一句Theyareman-madesatellites.AndthebiggestofallistheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).可知，最大的人造衛(wèi)星是國際空間站，故選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Theythinkthatthebestwaytolearnmoreaboutspaceistolivethere.可知，最好的了解太空的方式是住在那里，故選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一句ChinasentsomericeuptotheISStofindoutwhatspacewoulddotoit.可知，是為了做一些實(shí)驗(yàn)，故選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Sixteencountriesarepartofthespaceprogram.可知，16個(gè)國家是太空計(jì)劃的成員，故選Ao【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問題，弄清問題的大意；然后帶著問題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。15.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。IbelieveyouallhaveseenMarvelmoviesbefore.Butdoyouknowwhocreatedthosesuperheroes?It'sStanLee,thefatherofMarvel.Peopleofallageslovehim.StanLeewasborninAmericain1922.HisrealnameisStanleyLieberbuthispennameismuchmorefamous.Withthehelpofhisuncle,Leebecameanassistant*inMarvelin1939.Duringthattime,hewaspaidonly8dollarsamonth.In1941,hisfirstworkCaptainAmericacameoutandlaterhebecamethemaincomicbookwriterandeditor.Hecreatedmorethan80%ofMarvel'scharacters,suchasIronManandSpiderman,sohebecameaswell-knownasthosecharacters.LeecarefullydesignedtheMarvelworldsothatwecanseemostofthesuperheroesinittogether.Andeevenbecameacharacterinhisstoriesandplayedaroleofhiscomicbookheroes.Thefollowingiswhatheoncesaid,"Iwasembarrassed*before,becauseIthoughtIwasjustacomicbookwriterwhileotherpeopleweredoinggreatthings.ButthenIbegantorealizethatentertainmentisoneofthemostimportantthingsinpeople'slives.Ifeelthatifyouareabletoentertain,youaredoingagoodthing.Withoutit,theymightgooffthedeepend."Leediedin2018attheageof95.Thoughhehasleft,hissuperheroeswillkeeplivingon.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z（1）StanLeestartedtoworkinMarvelin.A.1922B.1939C.1941D.2018（2）StanLeebecamefamousbecauseof.A.hispennameB.hislonglifeC.hisfirstworkD.hisMarvel'scharacters（3）FromParagragh4,wecanknow.Lee'sjobwasnothelpfulormeaningful.Leedidn'tlikebeingacomicbookwriterentertainmentisveryimportantinourlivesmoreandmorepeopleshoulddoagoodthingTOC\o"1-5"\h\z（4）Wemayfindthepassageina.A.sportsnewspaperB.peoplemagazineC.storybookD.guidebook【答案】（1）B（2