Ifyouwereateardrop,Inmyeye,Forfearoflosingyou,Iwouldnevercry.Andifthegoldensun,Shouldceasetoshineitslight,Justonesmilefromyou,Wouldmakemywholeworldbright.譯文：如果你是我眼里的一滴淚，為了不失去你，我將永不哭泣；如果金色的陽光停止了它耀眼的光芒，你的一個微笑將照亮我的整個世界。TheSubjunctiveMoodGrammarPage5陳述語氣

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使語氣

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.語氣的分類英語的動詞一般可帶三種不同的語氣:陳述語氣,祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式來表示。虛擬語氣

IfIwereyou,

Iwouldnotleaveheralone.

IfIhadstudiedharderlastterm,Iwouldhavemadegreaterprogress.

條件句表示主句的條件,分真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句兩種。a.真實(shí)條件句表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用陳述語氣。b.虛擬條件句表示條件是無法實(shí)現(xiàn)或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用虛擬語氣。(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示說話人所說的話不是事實(shí),而是一中假設(shè),愿望,懷疑或推測.虛擬語氣主要用于if條件狀語從句,也可用于名詞性從句等.二.‘if’虛擬條件句的概念由

‘if’

引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句叫作

‘if’虛擬條件句IcouldeasilyrecognizeifIhadseenhimbefore.其他虛擬條件句Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedmyworkontime.What

would

youdoifyou

won

thelottery?IfI

won

thelottery,I

would…IfI

wonthelottery,I

would

buyanexpensive

car.

IfI

had

alotofmoney

I

would

buyavilla.IfI

were

abird,Icouldflyfreely.條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去時(be動詞

為were)would/could/should/might+V.(原)虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。如果我現(xiàn)在有很多的錢，我就會去環(huán)游世界。IfI

had

alotofmoneynow,

I

would

travelaroundthe

world.如果我現(xiàn)在有空的話，我就去購物。IfIwerefreenow,Iwouldgoshopping.a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroom,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldaskIfhe__________morecarefully,

he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

IfI________howtoswim,I__________________trappedinthisisland.hadlearnt

wouldnothavebeen

條件從句If從句的謂語形式

主句的謂語形式與過去事實(shí)相反過去完成時would/could/should/might+have+p.p.a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegoneThiseveningwewillhavenoclassesandholdaparty.ButourhostTomwillbeinhospital.

Ifhehostedtheparty,itwouldbegreat.條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式與未來事實(shí)相反1.過去時2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)主句謂語用should(第一人稱)/would(第二、三人稱)/could/might＋動詞原形。a.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksc.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,there________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe

ifSentenceStructure

‘if’虛擬條件句的結(jié)構(gòu)a.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

的假設(shè)b.表示與過去事實(shí)相反

的假設(shè)c.表示與將來事實(shí)相反

的假設(shè)規(guī)律總結(jié)：從句的謂語部分時態(tài)都往過去退一個時態(tài)。--Ifhe_____,he_____thatfood.--Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottakenB2.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegotD關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析1關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析2關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析3關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析4關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析5

主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間,這時主從句位于動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同,這叫做混合條件句。例句中從句與過去事實(shí)相反,主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

Ifyou

hadasked

himyesterday,you

would

know

whattodonow.Ifthestaff

hadbeen

morecareful,

themall

wouldnotbe

onfirenow.二.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法1.在動詞wish后的賓語從句中,表示與現(xiàn)在或過去的事實(shí)相反,或?qū)淼闹饔^愿望,從句通常省略連詞that。1)表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:

從句動詞用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式(be動詞一般用were)。IwishI

were

astallasyou.IwishI

were

abird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對過去情況的虛擬:從句動詞常用“had＋過去分詞”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.(3)表示對將來的主觀愿望:從句動詞形式為“

would＋動詞原形”。注意:主句的主語與從句的主要不能相同,因為主句的主語所期望的從句動作能否實(shí)現(xiàn)，取決于從句主語的態(tài)度或意愿(非動物名詞除外)。但愿你立刻來。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.Iwishit

would

raintomorrow.asif/asthough由asif(asthough)

或eventhough(eventhough)

引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示比較或方式時,從句謂語形式為動詞的過去式(be用were)或“had＋過去分詞”。Hebehavesasifhe

owned

thehouse.(Buthedoesn’townitorprobablydoesn’townitorwedon’tknowwhetherheownsitornot.)ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshe

had

beentherehimself.他那樣對待我,好像我式陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.注意:如果表示的事情可能會發(fā)生,那么方式狀語從句中的謂語動詞可用陳述語氣。Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析1關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析2關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析3關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析4關(guān)于虛擬語氣辯析5關(guān)于陳述語氣1

(TheImperativeMood)用來表示請求，邀請，命令，警告或勸告等.

Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.

HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?

Whatasplendidpalace!What

will

youdoifit

rains

tomorrow?I

will

stayathomeifit

rains

tomorrow.關(guān)于陳述語氣2關(guān)于祈使語氣1關(guān)于祈使語氣2關(guān)于祈使語氣3關(guān)于祈使語氣4真實(shí)條件句

真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語氣,假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生,其中if是如果的意思。時態(tài)關(guān)系

句型:條件從句主句

一般現(xiàn)在時shall/will+動詞原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.

A.willrain

B.rainsC.rainedD.israined答案B真實(shí)條件句主句為將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。注意：在真實(shí)條件句中,主句不能用begoingto表示將來,該用shall,will.(錯)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.(對)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.2)表示真理時,主句謂語動詞便不用shall(will)+動詞原形,而直接用一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞形式。高考實(shí)戰(zhàn):--Ifhe_____,he_____thatfood.--Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4.–IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.--Oh,didyou?You_____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed5.HowIwisheveryfamily_____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhadAnswerkeyforExercise2onpage51,W2,F3,W4,FIfhehadrighttochoosehisholiday,hewouldgotoMexico.IfIwerenotallergictoshellfish,Iwouldenjoyeatingthem.Ifthemarblestatuewerenottoobigforhergarden,thehousewifewouldbuyit.Ifweknewmoreaboutthedisease,wewouldbeabletotreatthepatientsveryeffectively.DiscoveringusefulstructuresAnswerkeyforExercise3onpage5Davidisnotasculptor.Ifhewere,hewouldmakeasculpturefortheexhibition.Sallyisnotanaggressivewoman.Ifshewere,shewouldbeamoresuccessfulbusinesswoman.IfSamwerehere,hewouldbesoexcitedaboutmeetingafamousscholarintheflesh.IfIcouldpaint,IwouldpaintyouanabstractpaintinginthestyleofMatisse.MrLingisn’there.Ifhewere,hewouldhelpyouwithyourgeometry.It’sMissLiang’sbirthdaytoday.IwishIcouldtakeherouttoasuperbrestaurantfordinner.Wedon’tknowheraddress.Ifweknewit,wewouldsendheralargebunchofflowers.Peoplesaythattheartexhibitionisworthseeing.IwishIcouldgowithyoubutI’mtoobusytheseday.IfMasacciowerealivetoday,hewouldbeamazedathowartistspainttoday.IfPeterwouldcometoourschool,hecouldgotoartclasses.Assignment1.SummarizetherulesofthePassiveVoice.2.Finishtheexercisesof“Discoveringusefulstructures”onPage5and“Usingstructure”Page433.句型練習(xí)(用IfIwereyou句型翻譯下列句子)1).我要是你的話,我就會把英語學(xué)好。2).如果你昨天來,你就會看見他。3).萬一明天下雨,我們就不到那兒去。4).我希望我十年前認(rèn)識他。5).他對待我就像對待他自己的兒子一樣。Checkinganswer–I(4ms)

AnswerkeysforEx.1onPage4:excellent;splendidpurpose;intentionsillyorunreasonabletrust;strongbeliefeasilynoticedorunderstoodtraditionalroomorbuildingforshowingworksofartsuperbaimridiculousfaithevidentconventionalgalleryDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsPage4.basedongeneralideasratherthanspecificexamplesmethodofdoingorperformingsomething,especiallyintheartsorsciencestheartofmakingfigures,objects,etcoutofstone,wood,clay,etcabstracttechniquesculptureCheckinganswer–II(3ms)

AnswerkeysforEx.2onPage4:possess,agreatdeal,Bycoincidence,adopt,attempted,Ontheotherhand,predictCheckinganswer–III(3ms)

AnswerkeysforEx.3onPage4:artstylesdetailed,realistic,delicate,abstractsculptureartistspaintingpainterPica