直接引語與間接引語人稱時態(tài)句型一、變?nèi)朔Q：

口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新?！耙浑S主”

：是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化.She

said.

“My

brother

andIwants

to

goshopping

”.

→She

said

her

brotherandshewanted

to

goshopping

.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱.

He

said

to

Kate.“

How

is

your

sister

now?”

→He

asked

Kate

how

her

sister

was

then.

“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：

Mr

Smith

said,“Jack

is

a

good

boy.”→Mr

Smith

said

Jack

was

a

good

boy.二、如何變時態(tài)：

1)一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時態(tài)；

Shesaid:“Iamastudent.”→

Shesaid(that)shewasastudent.2)一般將來時→過去將來時

She

said,"He

will

go

to

see

his

friend.”→She

said

he

would

go

to

see

his

friend。

3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時→過去進(jìn)行時；

Shesaid,“Iamreadingabook.”→Shesaidshewas

readingabook.

直接引語時態(tài)間接引語時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時不變一般將來時過去將來時注意：以下幾種情況時態(tài)

不變①直接引語是客觀真理/習(xí)慣性動作

The

teacher

said

"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.”→

The

teacher

said

me

the

earth

moves

around

the

sun

earth.

③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。

Jack

said.

"I

was

born

on

April

2l,

1980."

→Jacksaid

he

was

born

on

April

21,

1980.

②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時，時態(tài)不變。

Jack

said.

“IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme”

→Jack

saidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim.④如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式不再變（例：could,

should,

would,

might）

Thedoctorsaid,“Youshouldstayinbedfor2days.”

→ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days.”

和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時，例：ought

to，

had

better,

used

to

Peter

said.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."

→Peter

said

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.三、如何變狀語：直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來”（例：now變?yōu)閠hen,

yesterday變?yōu)?/p>

the

day

beforetoday變?yōu)閠hatdayHesaid,”Iwanttogoswimmingnow.”→Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen.地點(diǎn)狀語，尤其表示方向性的，

here變there

Theteachersaid,“Youshouldcomehereat7:00.”

→TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼”

例：this

改為thatHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“

→He

said

that

book

was

his.

nowthentodayThatdaytonightThatnightagoBefore/earlieryesterdayThedaybeforelastnightThenightbeforetomorrowThenext/followingdaynext…Thenext/following…直接引語中的時間狀語轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：※直接引語中動詞come在間接引語中用go:※直接引語中副詞here在間接引語中用there：※直接引語中的指示代詞轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則：this變?yōu)閠hat;these變?yōu)閠hose本來就是that/those則不變。四、如何變句型：

①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

She

said,

"Our

bus

will

arrive

in

five

minutes.“→She

said

that

their

bus

would

arrive

in

five

minutes.

②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.He

said,

"Can

you

swim,

John?“

→He

asked

John

if

he

could

swim.

③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。

She

asked

me,

"When

do

they

have

their

dinner?”→

She

asked

me

when

they

had

their

dinner.1.“I

likereadingadventurestories,”saidJohn.

Johnsaidthathelikedreadingadventurestories.2.“I

don’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriend.Sarahtoldherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.ExerciseI1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmethat___worried___.A.helooks…todayB.youlook…todayC.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…thatdayExerciseII2.Wesaidtoher,“They’rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat___throughthestreet___.

A.wewerewalking…thenB.youarewalking…nowC.theywerewalking…thenD.theywalking…now3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”

MrBlacks