Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina基礎(chǔ)落實(shí)Ⅰ.高頻單詞思憶1.Choosetwostonesofroughly

(相等的)weightandsize.2.Wechargenofeesonthe

(原則)thateducationshouldbeavailableforall.3.Ican’t

(強(qiáng)調(diào))enoughtheneedforcooperation.equalprinciplestress4.Heisapoliticianofrare

(誠實(shí))andcourage.5.Thepresspublishesahighly

(有影響的)artmagazine.6.Themanagerwasforcedto

(辭職)afterallegationsofcorruption.7.Manyscientistshavemadegreat(貢獻(xiàn))tothespacedevelopmentprogram.8.SometimesIwonderifthere’sany

(公正)inthisworld.honestyinfluentialresigncontributionsjustice9.Everythinginthehousewasin

（秩序）afterthebabysittercame.10.Withthelunarnewyeardrawingnear,thestationisalways

(擠滿了)withpassengers.ordercrowdedⅡ.重點(diǎn)短語再現(xiàn)1.look

照顧，照料→look

on回顧，回憶→look

on看不起；輕視→look

to仰慕；尊敬2.believe

信任→

abelief持有……思想→believeornot信不信由你3.bring

撫養(yǎng)；提出；嘔吐→bring

引起；導(dǎo)致；造成→bring

將……提前→bring

賺得(錢)4.beatwar

與……處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)→

waron向……宣戰(zhàn)；向……發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻→

peacewithsb.與某人和解afterbackdownupinholdupaboutforwardinwithdeclaremakeit5.beproud

為……自豪→take

in為……感到自豪→

pride自豪地6.bedifferent

與……不同→

from與……不同；不同于→

thedifference區(qū)分；辨別→make

difference根本沒有影響；無所謂7.

conclusion總之→

aconclusion得出結(jié)論→

toaconclusion草率下結(jié)論8.

thefirsttime首先；第一次→firstof

首先；第一→

thefirstplace首先；第一→

all最重要的是；首先ofpridewithfromdiffertellnoindrawjumpforallinabove9.a

ofresponsibility責(zé)任感→

nosense決不→

asense在某種意義上→senseof...理解→thereisnosense(doing)sth.(做)某事是不明智的10.becomeinterested

對……感興趣→aninterestin對……感興趣senseininmakeinintakeⅢ.典型句式運(yùn)用1.Mencius’sideaswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius,...孟子的思想和孔子的思想非常相似,……短語besimilarto“和……相似”,表示在某方面相似時(shí)，加上介詞in我的房子和你的房子在大小上差不多。考點(diǎn)提煉句子仿造Myhouseissimilartoyoursinsize.2.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.古代中國各諸侯國之間經(jīng)常發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭。beatwarwith...和……處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,德國幾乎同世界上所有的國家處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)。考點(diǎn)提煉句子仿造DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Germanywasatwarwithalmostalltheothercountriesintheworld.3.Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛、責(zé)任和秩序在社會(huì)中的重要性。動(dòng)詞stress表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)；加壓力于”溫總理強(qiáng)調(diào)了接受良好教育的重要性。

考點(diǎn)提煉句子仿造PrimeMinisterWenstressedtheimportanceofreceivingagoodeducation.4.Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子相信人不同于動(dòng)物的原因是人性善。習(xí)慣句式thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……你能得第一名的原因就是這學(xué)期你一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)?？键c(diǎn)提煉句子仿造Thereasonwhyyoucangetthefirstplaceisthatyouhavebeenworkinghardthisterm.5.Butitwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.但那也是一個(gè)產(chǎn)生了許多哲學(xué)家的時(shí)期。atime一個(gè)時(shí)期，一段時(shí)間我在埃及住了一陣子?？键c(diǎn)提煉句子仿造IlivedinEgyptforatime.導(dǎo)練互動(dòng)重點(diǎn)單詞1.equalv.等于，與……相等;adj.相等的;勝任的;n.同等的人或物Allhumanbeingsare

.所有的人都是平等的。(回歸課本P41)觀察思考Apoundisroughlyequalto500grams.一磅約等于500克。Noneofuscanequalherasadancer.我們的舞藝沒有一個(gè)能比得上她。Givethetasktoisequaltoit.把這項(xiàng)任務(wù)交給杰克去做，他能勝任。equalHeequalsmeinqualificationsbutnotinexperience.他和我具有同等的資格，但在經(jīng)驗(yàn)方面比不上我。歸納拓展equal+n.(in+n.)(在……方面)比得上,與……匹敵;與……相等beequaltosth./doingsth.等于……；能勝任……beequalwith與……平等equalpayforequalwork同工同酬without(an)equal無人可比的equallyadv.同樣地；相等地易混辨異equal/same(1)equal指“在數(shù)量、大小、價(jià)值、程度等方面不存在差別的”。Oneliisequaltohalfakilometer.一里等于半公里。(2)same指“同一的，相同的”，實(shí)質(zhì)上不同，但在數(shù)量、意義、外表上沒有明顯區(qū)別的?？偸且詔hesame的形式出現(xiàn)。Theyhavethesameproblem.他們有相同的問題?；顚W(xué)活用Fitnessisimportantinsport,butofatleast

importanceareskills.

解析

equal相等的,同等的,表示技巧與健康在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中同等重要。ofimportance作表語，意思與important相同。fair公平的；reasonable合理的;proper合適的。C2.ordern.次序,順序;整齊;秩序;命令;訂購；vt.命令,指令;訂購;安排Hestressedtheimportanceofkindness,dutyand

insociety.他強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛、責(zé)任和秩序在社會(huì)中的重要性。(回歸課本P43)觀察思考Someteachersfinditdifficulttokeeptheirclassesinorder.有些老師覺得難以維持課堂秩序。Helistedtheeventsinorderofimportance.他按重要性的順序?qū)⑦@些事件列表。Thebossorderedthattheworkshouldbedoneontime.老板吩咐工作必須按時(shí)完成。order歸納拓展inorderofimportance按重要性排序inorder狀況良好outoforder壞了,有毛??；不整齊ingoodorder井然有序；情況良好inordertodo...為了做……inorderthat...為了……byorderof奉……之命placeanorderforsth.定購某物takeorders接受命令giveorders下達(dá)命令dosth.thatclause(虛擬語氣)n./doingsth.order+易混辨異order/command/instruct/direct(1)order為常用詞，雖然有時(shí)指“權(quán)威人士武斷地命令”，但多用于非正式或個(gè)人之間下達(dá)的命令。(2)command指“權(quán)威方面正式下令”。(3)instruct的含義是“指示，命令，指導(dǎo)”，屬正式用語，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有系統(tǒng)地指導(dǎo)”。(4)direct的含義是“指導(dǎo)，指揮，指示”，多指“權(quán)威性地指導(dǎo)”?；顚W(xué)活用Thephonemighthavebeen

forIcouldn’tgetthroughtohim.oforderordermatter解析

句意為:電話可能出毛病了,因?yàn)槲也荒芙o他接通電話。outoforder出故障；出毛??；inorder狀況良好。A3.stressn.重壓，壓力；強(qiáng)調(diào)；重音；vt.著重；強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀He

theimportanceofkindness,dutyandorderinsociety.他強(qiáng)調(diào)了仁愛、責(zé)任和秩序在社會(huì)中的重要性。(回歸課本P43)觀察思考Hestolesomebreadunderthestressofhungerandwasbeatenblackandblue.為饑餓所迫他偷了一些面包，被打得青一塊紫一塊。Myparentslaygreatstressonhonesty,whichIappreciate.我父母非?？粗卣\實(shí)的品質(zhì);我很欣賞這一點(diǎn)。stressed歸納拓展stressfuladj.壓力重的；緊張的lay/place/putstresson...把重點(diǎn)放在……上；強(qiáng)調(diào)understress在壓力之下underthestressof...為……所迫inthestressofthemoment一時(shí)緊張causestress造成壓力reducestress減少壓力stresstheimportanceof...強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性活學(xué)活用Peopleunderalotof

mayexperienceheadaches,minorpainsandsleepingdifficulties.

解析

stress壓力;force武力;power動(dòng)力;strength力氣；力量。understress在壓力之下。B4.conditionn.條件；情形；社會(huì)地位Often,factoryworkerslivedinpoorandcrowded

.工廠的工人們經(jīng)常生活在貧窮和擁擠的環(huán)境中。(回歸課本P49)觀察思考Whatsortofconditionisyournewhousein?你的新房子目前是什么狀況？Heagreedtohelpus,butmadeitaconditionthatweshouldworkforhimwithoutanypayforayear.他同意幫助我們，但以我們免費(fèi)為他工作一年為條件。Youareinnoconditiontogoanywhere.你的身體狀況太差，不宜去任何地方。conditions歸納拓展living/workingconditions居住/工作環(huán)境oncondition(that)在……條件下；倘若onnocondition一點(diǎn)也不，絕不makeitaconditionthat...以……為條件beingoodcondition身體很好；完好無誤beoutofcondition身體不適bein(a)conditiontodosth.能做……；有做……的條件beinnoconditiontodosth.(身體狀況)不適宜做某事注意

condition指具體的某種“條件”或“狀態(tài)”時(shí)，可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)；泛指“環(huán)境，情況，天氣狀態(tài)”時(shí)多用復(fù)數(shù)?；顚W(xué)活用(1)Thefloodedareaisin

oftotalneglect.Thepeoplehavetoliveinmakeshifttentsunderthemostappalling.condition;conditioncondition;conditionsC.conditions;conditionD.conditions;conditions

解析

beinaconditionof...處于……情形之下；而第二空則表示“環(huán)境”之意。B(2)Thehospitaldescribedits

as“satisfactory”whilehefelttherewassomethingwrong.

解析

condition條件；state狀態(tài)；energy能量；position職位；位置。句意為：這家醫(yī)院自稱條件“令人滿意”，然而他卻感到有不對勁的地方。A重點(diǎn)短語與句型5.beatwarwith...與……交戰(zhàn)；與……不和;同……競爭AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoften

eachother.古代中國是一個(gè)各諸侯國之間經(jīng)常發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭的地方。(回歸課本P43)觀察思考Thecountryhasbeenatwarwithitsneighbourfortwoyears.這個(gè)國家與鄰國已打了兩年仗了。Thegovernmenthasdeclaredwarondrugdealers.政府已向販毒分子宣戰(zhàn)。atwarwith歸納拓展acivil/coldwar內(nèi)/冷戰(zhàn)make/declarewaron...對……宣戰(zhàn)gotowar訴諸武力;出征；宣戰(zhàn)；進(jìn)入戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)beatpeace處于和平狀態(tài)inpeace安寧地；不被打斷地liveinpeacewith和……和平相處makepeacewith與……和解注意

atwar是固定短語,意為“處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)”。與atpeace相對;二者名詞前皆為零冠詞，其中的at表示處于一種什么樣的狀態(tài)。其他的“at+n.”的短語有：atrest在休息atsea在海上；茫然，不知所措atrisk在冒險(xiǎn)atwork在工作attable在吃飯活學(xué)活用——用war的詞組填空Thetwocountrieshavebeeneachotherformorethanfivemostotherstatesthinktheyshouldn’t

tosettlethedisputes(爭端).atwarwithgotowar6.bringup撫養(yǎng)；提出；嘔吐Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasyoung,andhewas

byhismother.孟子的父親在孟子小時(shí)候就去世了，他是由他的母親撫養(yǎng)成人的。(回歸課本P43)觀察思考Whydidyouhavetobringupthesubjectofmoney?你為什么非要提錢這個(gè)話題？Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight.他喝醉了，半夜里把吃的東西都吐了。broughtupHelefthertobringupthreeyoungchildrenonherown.他留下她獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)三個(gè)年幼的孩子。歸納拓展bringabout引起bringalong隨身攜帶bringback歸還bringdown使倒下；弄倒；降低bringin吸引；引進(jìn)；賺得bringon使前進(jìn)；使發(fā)展bringout使罷工；使顯現(xiàn)；闡明；出版活學(xué)活用I’mallforfamilies,andforchildrenbeing

insecure,lovingenvironment.upupupup解析

bringup撫養(yǎng);pickup拾起;用車接；endup結(jié)束；takeup拿起；從事；占(時(shí)間、空間等)。句意為:我是為了整個(gè)家庭，為了孩子們能在一個(gè)無慮的、愛的環(huán)境中成長。C7.inconclusion總之；最后；作為結(jié)束

,Ithinkthatcarsareveryusefulbecausetravelissoeasywithacar.總之，我認(rèn)為汽車是非常有用的，因?yàn)槌塑囀沟贸鲂凶兊萌绱巳菀住?回歸課本P48)觀察思考Fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.從這些事實(shí)我們可以得出這些金字塔是怎樣建造的結(jié)論。Thedebatedidnotcometoaconclusionuntilmidnight.辯論直到午夜才結(jié)束。InconclusionTheinvestigationfailedtoprovideanyconclusiveevidence.調(diào)查未能提供任何令人信服的證據(jù)。歸納拓展concludev.結(jié)束；下結(jié)論；推斷conclusiveadj.決定性的；不容置疑的arriveat/cometo/reach/drawaconclusion得出結(jié)論；下結(jié)論jumptoaconclusion草率地下結(jié)論toconclude總而言之（作插入語）活學(xué)活用(1)在你確信之前，絕不要草率地下結(jié)論。beforeyouaresureaboutit.(2)

,Iwouldliketothankthedirectorandthesponsor.allallconclusionconclude

解析inall總共，總計(jì)；forall盡管；inconclusion總之；toconclude總而言之。CNeverjumptoaconclusion8.Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsisthatmanisgood.孟子認(rèn)為人不同于動(dòng)物的原因是人性本善。句式分析（1）在此句中believe后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,在從句中why引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。reason用作定語從句的先行詞時(shí),定語從句引導(dǎo)詞可用why/that/which,why在從句中作狀語，that/which作主語或賓語。其后的表語從句用that引導(dǎo)。ThereasonwhyIboughtonewasthatitwassocheap.我買了一個(gè)的原因是價(jià)錢很便宜。We’dliketoknowthereasonwhyshedidn’tacceptthejob.我們希望知道她為什么不接受這份工作。(2)在該句式中主語是人,謂語部分是表示人的思維的動(dòng)詞，賓語都是賓語從句的形式，即：sb.+

v.+that-clause。常見的謂語動(dòng)詞有say,think,consider,hope,report等。該句式可以轉(zhuǎn)換為Itis/was+p.p.+that從句或+p.p.+todo/tohavedone結(jié)構(gòu)（hope除外）。Hewasreportedtohaveestablishedtheworldrecord.據(jù)報(bào)道他創(chuàng)造了世界紀(jì)錄。歸納拓展forsomereason由于某種原因haveeveryreasontodo...有充分的理由做……with(good)reason(完全)合乎情理fornogoodreasons沒有正當(dāng)理由noreason(口)不為什么活學(xué)活用(1)Robertissaid

abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.havestudiedstudiedbestudyinghavebeenstudying解析

根據(jù)句中的hestudiedin可知是“學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)結(jié)束”，故用tohavestudied。A(2)Thereason

hewaslateforthemeetingwas

hewasheldupbytrafficjamduringrushhours.A.why;becauseB.that;thatC.why;thatD.that;because

解析

考查句式thereasonwhy...isthat...。C考題回扣【例1】InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,

the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.（福建高考）

markedmarked

解析

此處為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。

課文原文Formanyyearshetravelledfromstatetostate,

theprinciplesofConfucius.Ateaching【例2】NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.（福建高考）

解析

Nancy去年在悉尼拜訪朋友時(shí)玩得很開心。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。本題干擾性最強(qiáng)的是A項(xiàng)，so...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,但根據(jù)語境，這里并沒有因果關(guān)系的含義。

課文原文

Butitwasalsoatime

thereweremanygreatphilosophers.Cwhen【例3】Thetraditionalviewis

wesleepbecauseourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdoso.（上海高考）

解析that引導(dǎo)表語從句。從句中不缺少任何成分，又是指確定的內(nèi)容。

課文原文

Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsismanisgood.Dthat【例4】Lifeislikealongrace

wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.（重慶高考）

解析

句意為:生活就像一次長跑,我們不斷和別人競爭以超越自己。本句中,where引導(dǎo)的從句作race的定語。在定語從句中，不缺任何成分,故排除C;what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；why可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,但表示原因,不合題意。

課文原文

Asaresult,hespentmanyyearstryingtofindastate

peoplewouldfollowhisteachings.Dwhere【例5】Manychildren,

parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.（安徽高考）

themwhom

解析

句意為:許多父母遠(yuǎn)在大城市工作的孩子在這個(gè)村子里得到了很好的照顧。children為先行詞,后跟的定語從句中缺少關(guān)系代詞,指孩子的父母們，表示“……的”在定語從句中用whose+n.或ofwhich/whom+the+n.或the+n.+ofwhich/whom,故選B項(xiàng)。B課文原文Menciuswasathinker

teachingswereverysimilartothoseofConfucius.whose自主檢測Ⅰ.品句填詞1.The

(重要性)ofwashingyourhandsbeforeamealisthatitpreventsinfection.2.Theyhaveagreedtotheproposalin

(原則)butwestillhavetonegotiatethedetails.3.Afteralongperiodof

(爭論),wefinallyreachedanagreementabouttheproblems.4.DengYapingisa（n）

(有影響力的)personinplayingtabletennis.importanceprincipleargumentinfluencial5.You’dbetternot

(辭職)beforeyoufindanewjob.6.Thethreespacemenmadegreat(貢獻(xiàn))toaspacedevelopmentprogram.7.Nowwomencanenjoy

(平等的)rightsinoursociety.8.Youngpeopleareencouragedtofightfor

(自由).9.Imust

(強(qiáng)調(diào))thatwhatIsayisconfidential.10.SometimesIwonderifthereisany(正義)inthisworld.resigncontributionsequalfreedomstressjusticeⅡ.短語運(yùn)用beatwarwith,bringup,becomeinterestedin,beproudof,inconclusion,forthefirsttime,laystresson,atone’sbest,inprinciple,thefirsttime1.Thegovernment

welfareworkforthedisabled.2.

,thereisnothingthatahumancandoandthatamachinemightnotbeabletodooneday.3.Duringthe1940s,ourcountry

Japan.laysstressonInprinciplewasatwarwith4.Hewasnever

earlyinthemorning.5.Manyimportanttopics

atthemeeting.6.

,thesocietyhasbeendevelopingveryfastsincetheopeningpolicy.7.Allourclassmatesgatheredafterourgraduationtenyearsago.8.I’llneverforget

IclimbedtheGreatWall.athisbestwerebroughtupInconclusionforthefirsttimethefirsttime9.SheplayingtheleadingpartinthisTVseries.10.Afteramonth’straining,hethissportsactivity.wasproudofbecameinterestedinⅢ.翻譯句子1.古代中國是一個(gè)國與國之間經(jīng)常交戰(zhàn)的地方。（beatwarwith...）2.現(xiàn)在他們在不同的地區(qū)過著幸福的新生活。（livea(n)...life）

3.我不能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。（beequalto）

AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.Nowthey’relivingahappynewlifeindifferentareas.Ican’tbeequaltothistask.4.我喜歡上網(wǎng)的原因是因?yàn)槲铱梢粤私夂芏嘈畔ⅰ?thereasonwhy...isthat...)

5.ThoughbornandbroughtupinAmerica,QianYongkangloveshismotherland—Chinaverymuch.ThereasonwhyIlikesurfingtheInternetisthatIcangetmuchinformation.盡管錢永康是在美國出生和長大的，但他非常熱愛自己的祖國——中國。Ⅳ.單項(xiàng)填空1.OurEnglishteacher

theimportanceofreadingaloud.

解析

stress用作動(dòng)詞,意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)”。pressure是名詞,意為“壓力,壓迫”;praise表揚(yáng)；repeat重復(fù)。B2.Thecompanyhasa(n)

opportunitiesyoushouldtrytorepresentyourabilities.

解析

句意為：這家公司實(shí)行機(jī)會(huì)均等的政策，因此，你應(yīng)該盡力展現(xiàn)你的能力。B3.Asareward

hiscontribution

botany,JosephBankshadaflowernamed

him.A.for;for;forB.for;to;afterC.for;for;afterD.of;to;for

解析for表示原因;contribution后常接to,表示“對……的貢獻(xiàn)”;benamedafter“以……命名”為固定搭配。B4.

,I’dliketosay“thankyou”toallofyouforcomingofthefollowingisWRONG?conclusiontheendtheend

解析

前三項(xiàng)都為副詞（短語）表示“最后”;attheend常和of連用，表示“在……的末尾，尾部”。D5.Plentyoffreshair

goodhealth.fromtototo

解析

句意為：充足的新鮮空氣有助于健康。resultfrom由于……的原因；devote...to...致力于,獻(xiàn)給;attendto處理,料理;contributeto促進(jìn)，有助于。D6.Hehadtoobeytheorderthathe

thesecrettaskaheadoftime.

tofinishfinish

解析

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知在order之后跟了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。order的賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中謂語部分都要用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”的形式，should可省略。A7.Wha