Unit1LivingwellPeriod3Grammar教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)Teachingaims1．Studentswillbeabletorecognizetheinfinitivesandknowtheexactmeaningsofthem.2．Studentswillbeabletousethesestructurescorrectly.TeachingperiodsoneperiodTeachingproceduresStep1RevisionAskseveralstudentstoretellMarty'sstory.ShowMarty'sminibiographyonthePowerPoint.MyminibiographyNameMartyFieldingStatusHighschoolstudentHealthDevelopedamusclediseaseattheageof10,veryweak,cannotdothingslikenormalpeopleInterestsandHobbies·Enjoyingwritingandcomputerprogramming·Goingtothemoviesandfootballmatcheswithfriends·Spendingalotoftimewithmypets—tworabbits,aparrot,atankfulloffishandatortoiseAmbitionToworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftwareMottoLiveonedayatatimeStep2Discoveringusefulstructures1．基本概念不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而且不能單獨(dú)用作謂語，但仍舊有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，即可有自己的賓語和狀語，構(gòu)成不定式短語，使用頻率較高。是一個(gè)考試經(jīng)?？疾榈恼Z法點(diǎn)。2．基本形式主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone進(jìn)行式tobedoing/完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing/否定形式nottodonottobedone疑問詞＋不定式wh－todowh－tobedone復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)do/fordo/3.句法功能不定式具有名詞、形容詞、副詞的特征，在句中可以充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語，還可以有自己的邏輯主語，即fordosth。Itisgoodto_help_others.(subject)Itismyambitionto_make_sure_that_the_disabled_people_in_our_neighbourhood_have_access_to_all_public_buildings.(subject)Myambitionis_to_work_inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.(predicative)Idon'thavetimeto_sit_aroundfeelingsorryformyself.(attributive)Iamtheonlystudentinmyclassto_have_a_pet_snake.(attributive)Abigcompanyhasdecidedto_buy_it_from_me.(object)Myfellowstudentshavebegunto_accept_me_for_who_I_am.(object)Ihavehadtoworkhard_to_live_a_normal_life.(adverbial)SomedaysIamtootiredto_get_out_of_bed.(adverbial)Wemustcallonlocalgovernment_to_give_financial_assistance_to_disabled_people.(objectcomplement)4．不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)根據(jù)需要，不定式可以有一般式(todo)，完成式(tohavedone)，完成進(jìn)行式(tohavebeendoing)，進(jìn)行式(tobedoing)等時(shí)態(tài)形式以及被動(dòng)形式tobedone和tohavebeendone。Hedidn'tallowustogohomeearly.他不允許我們?cè)缁丶?。Heseemedtohaveseenthefilm.他好像看過這部電影。Sheissaidtohavebeenlivinginthecityforsixyears.據(jù)說她住在該城市六年了。Theboypretendedtobereadingwhenhismothercamein.當(dāng)他母親進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，小男孩假裝在讀書。Heissaidtohavestudiedabroadafewyearsago.據(jù)說他幾年前在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)過。Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.據(jù)說此書已被譯成了多種語言。1．Thefollowingverbsareusuallyfollowedbytheinfinitive.afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,care,choose,claim,come,consent,dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine,elect,endeavor,expect,fail,get,guarantee,hate,help,hesitate,hope,hurry,intend,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,say,seem,tend,threaten,want,wishForexample：Ican'taffordto_gotothepub.Heagreedto_practice_more.Youshouldlearnto_express_yourself.Theymanaged_to_fix_the_problem.2．ExplanationofthegerundandtheinfinitiveSomewordscanbefollowedbyeithertheinfinitiveorthe-ingform.Pleasepayattentionwhenthereisnodifferenceinmeaningandwhenthereisdifference.(1)Thegerundandtheinfinitive(nodifferenceinmeaning)Weusethegerundortheinfinitiveafterthefollowingverbs：beginHebegantalking.Hebegantotalk.continueTheycontinuesmoking.Theycontinuetosmoke.hateDoyouhateworkingonSaturdays?DoyouhatetoworkonSaturdays?likeIlikeswimming.Iliketoswim.loveShelovespainting.Shelovestopaint.preferPatpreferswalkinghome.Patpreferstowalkhome.startTheystartsinging.Theystarttosing.Weusethegerundortheinfinitiveafterthefollowingverbs.Therearetwopossiblestructuresaftertheseverbs.Gerund：verb＋－ingInfinitive：verb＋person＋to－infinitiveadviseTheyadvisewalking_totown.Theyadviseus_to_walktotown.allowTheydonotallowsmokinghere.Theydonotallow_us_to_smoke_here.encourageTheyencourage_doing_thetest.Theyencourageus_to_do_thetest.permitTheydonotpermitsmokinghere.Theydonotpermitus_to_smokehere.Weusethefollowingstructuresafterthewordrecommend：recommendTheyrecommendwalking_totown.Theyrecommendthat_we_(should)_walk_to_town.(2)Someverbsorverbphraseshavedifferentmeaningswhenusedwiththegerundortheinfinitive.GERUNDINFINITIVEforgetHe'llneverforgetspending_somuchmoneyonhisfirstcomputer.他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記在第一臺(tái)電腦上花費(fèi)了這么多錢。Don'tforgetto_spendmoneyonthetickets.不要忘記用錢去買票。goonGoonreadingthetext.繼續(xù)讀這篇文章。(繼續(xù)做同一件事)Goonto_read_thetext.繼續(xù)讀這篇文章。(繼續(xù)做另一件事)meanYouhaveforgottenyourhomeworkmeansphoning_yourmother.你又忘記做家庭作業(yè)了,這意味著我要打電話給你媽媽。Imeantto_phoneyourmother,butmymobiledidn'twork.我本打算打電話給你媽媽，但是我的手機(jī)壞了。rememberIrememberswitching_offthelightswhenIwentonholiday.我記得我去度假時(shí)把燈都關(guān)掉了。Rememberto_switch_offthelightswhenyougoonholiday.當(dāng)你去度假時(shí)，記得把燈關(guān)掉。stopStopreading_thetext.停止讀這篇文章。Stopto_read_thetext.停下來讀這篇文章。tryWhydon'tyoutryrunning_afterthedog？你為什么不嘗試跟著狗跑呢？Itriedto_runafterthedog，butI．..我竭盡全力跟著狗跑，但是……Step3DrillingAskstudentstodoExercise2onPage5andcheckwiththeirpartnersthenchecktogether.Keys：tohavekeptyouwaiting；tohaveforgotten；tohavefinished；AskstudentstodoExercise3andsharetheirpastexperienceinagroup.Keys：tohavespent；Tofree；tosee；totreat；tohelppass；toabolishStep4UsingtheinfinitiveAskstudentstotranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandpayattentiontotheuseoftheinfinitive.1．我忘了讓你去社區(qū)服務(wù)