災(zāi)難英文詞匯103班交通事故aground擱淺be(go,run)aground船)擱淺，觸礁bellyout底部朝上blackbox(飛機(jī)等的)黑匣子bound預(yù)備〔或正在〕到……去的〔飛機(jī)，船等〕bow船頭canyon峽谷capsize〔船等〕傾覆castaway乘船遇難者〔的〕cliff陡崖collide車船等)碰撞crash碰撞crosswind側(cè)風(fēng)derail火車出軌distresssignal船只遇難時(shí)的求救信號(hào)ditch飛機(jī)迫降在水面上，汽車開(kāi)到溝里escapinghatch(潛艇的)逃命艙口ferry渡船flipover翻過(guò)來(lái)foulplay不正常運(yùn)作fragment碎片fuselage〔飛機(jī)〕機(jī)身gondola吊艙hatch艙門(mén)head-ontraincollision火車迎面相撞heavyseas波濤洶涌的海面hull船殼，船體lifevest救生背心mangle壓碎，plunge投入，跳進(jìn)raft救生筏ram猛撞ravine溝壑山澗深谷rescueteam援救人員roughseas波濤洶涌的海面rudder舵shipwreck船只失事，失事船的殘骸skipover翻過(guò)來(lái)strand使擱淺turbulence湍流turbulent流的windshear風(fēng)切變wreckonarock觸礁失事地震等seiearthquake、temblor〔美〕earthshockquakecataclysmseism、地震epicenterepicentreepicentrum、seismicvertical震中belt/seismiczone/seismicareaseismiccenter震中aftershockRichterScale(1—10)里氏震級(jí)seismographer/seismologist 地震學(xué)家earthquakemonitoring地震監(jiān)控seismiccoefficient地震系數(shù)dislocationearthquake斷層地震foldingearthquake褶皺地震localearthquake局部地震palintecticearthquake深源地震plutonicearthquake深源地震shallow-focusearthquake淺源地震simulatedearthquake模擬地震submarineearthquake海底震tsunami海嘯tectonicearthquake殼構(gòu)地震volcanicearthquake火山地震earthquakemonitoring地震監(jiān)控seismicdiscontinuity地震連續(xù)面seismicregionalization地震區(qū)劃分aftershock余震magnitude震級(jí)seismologybuckle變形，坍塌calamity災(zāi)禍debris碎片廢墟devastate毀壞devastatingquake毀壞性地震dilapidatedhouse局部毀壞的房屋earthquakebelt地震帶earthquakepronezone易震帶epicenter震中eruption噴發(fā)，爆發(fā)jolt振搖killerearthquake死傷人數(shù)很多的)猛烈地震landslide塌方，滑坡，山崩lava熔巖mudslide泥石流open-endedRichterScale里氏地震級(jí)earthquake-strickenarea(earthquakedisasterregion)地震災(zāi)區(qū)reducetorubbles化為瓦礫rock震驚seism地震shantytown棚戶區(qū)貧民窟shanty棚屋shoddybuilding偷工減料的建筑物skimp克扣，偷工減料snifferdog警犬，嗅探器sniffer嗅探器stenchofputrefaction腐爛東西發(fā)出的惡臭temblor地震tidewave海嘯trackingdog警犬trained-dog受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的狗，警犬traumatized受過(guò)精神創(chuàng)傷的tremor震顫tsunami海嘯unscrupulous是無(wú)忌憚的不講道理的volcano火山形容地震的破壞程度的動(dòng)詞有〔按破換程度從小到大排序〕：damagedestroyshatterdevastatelevelflattennationaldayofmourning全國(guó)哀悼日mourningceremony哀悼?jī)x式nationalflagsflyathalf-mast降半旗致哀silenttribute默哀onlinetributeearthquakerelief賑災(zāi)post-disasterreconstruction災(zāi)后重建altitudesicknessquakevictims遇難者reliefwork救援工作Tibetantreatment藏醫(yī)療法medicalteam醫(yī)療隊(duì)reliefgoods救援物資slide-proofrug防滑墊cold-proofcoatheatsensor生命探測(cè)儀signsoflife生命跡象plagueprevention防疫plaguepreventionoxygendeprivation缺氧oxygensupply氧源，供氧oxygenmask氧氣罩galadevotedtoquakerelief賑災(zāi)晚會(huì)telethoncampaign-styledonationactivitycharitydonor慈善捐贈(zèng)者donationagreement捐贈(zèng)協(xié)議charitysale義賣giveawaybuffet地震學(xué)問(wèn)：震源 epicenter地震波seismicwave縱波 P-wave橫波 S-wave震級(jí) magnitude里氏震級(jí) Richterscale小于2.52.5-4.74.7壞性地震主震 mainshock前震 pre-earthquake余震 aftershock震帶 earthquakezone地震烈度seismicintensity構(gòu)造地震Tectonicearthquake火山地震Volcanicearthquake塌陷地震Earthquakecollapse誘發(fā)地震Inducedearthquake人工地震Artificialearthquake火災(zāi)，風(fēng)災(zāi)，水災(zāi)，旱災(zāi)avalanche雪崩back-to-backstorms接踵而來(lái)的暴風(fēng)雨batter惡劣的天氣)連續(xù)攻擊blaze火，熊熊燃燒blizzard暴風(fēng)雪carcase(carcass)〔動(dòng)物的〕〔蔑〕人的尸體cataclysm洪水flood、deluge、spate洪水rockandmudslides/debrisflow/mud-rockflow泥石流landslide tornado龍卷風(fēng)typhoon 臺(tái)風(fēng)hurricane 颶風(fēng)whirlwind龍卷風(fēng)twister 龍卷風(fēng)storm 暴風(fēng)雨sandstorm gale狂風(fēng)gust陣風(fēng)char燒焦choppy風(fēng)向不定的，波浪濤濤的collapse倒坍crest洪峰cyclone氣旋，旋風(fēng)dam水壩deluge洪水depression低氣壓dismal凄涼的drivingrain傾盆大雨drizzle牛毛細(xì)雨drought干旱drown淹死dump〔雨水〕傾瀉embankment堤岸embank筑堤防護(hù)engulf席卷吞噬flame火焰flood-ravagedarea〔洪水〕受災(zāi)區(qū)fume濃烈或難聞的)煙，氣，汽gale狂風(fēng)gust〔風(fēng)雨雹〕gut損毀〔房屋等〕內(nèi)部裝置hurricane颶風(fēng)inundate水淹jetty防波堤knee-deep積雪等)齊膝深的，沒(méi)膝的levee大堤low-lying地勢(shì)低洼的maroon杯水圍困)處于孤立無(wú)援的境地monsoon季風(fēng)monsoonrain〔印度洋〕季雨pelt〔雨雪〕大降pound〔連續(xù)〕猛擊pour下傾盆大雨rainfall降雨量〔typhoon-〕ravagedarea被〔臺(tái)風(fēng)〕破壞的地區(qū)scorch燒焦sift篩選詳查silt淤泥，使淤塞sleet雨夾雪smoulder燜燒spell某種天氣的)一段持續(xù)時(shí)間squall〔冰雹〕暴風(fēng)stampede驚跑亂竄stifle使窒息submergence浸沒(méi)，漂移subside洪水)減退suffocate使窒息sweep〔風(fēng)等〕刮起，浪等沖走terrified恐驚的torrentialrain驟雨trample踩twister陸海卷風(fēng)，沙柱塵旋uproot連根拔washaway沖走water-logged澇的Spacedisasters空間災(zāi)難Solarflares太陽(yáng)耀斑Gammarayburst伽瑪射線暴其他用語(yǔ)(flood)-struckarea洪水)受災(zāi)區(qū)aidworker救援人員make-shift臨時(shí)湊用的代用品makeshifthouse臨時(shí)住房philanthropic慈善的philanthropist慈善家philanthropoid慈善基金會(huì)經(jīng)紀(jì)人philanthropy慈善事業(yè)puddle水坑raceagainsttheclock爭(zhēng)分奪秒rage〔風(fēng)〕狂吹，浪洶涌，病猖獗ready-made現(xiàn)成的，預(yù)制的rescueworker救援人員自然災(zāi)難學(xué)常用的100個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞和詞組1、naturaldisaster自然災(zāi)難；2、preventionofdisaster 防災(zāi)；3、reductionofdisaster 減災(zāi)；4、geologicaldisaster地質(zhì)災(zāi)難；5、environment 環(huán)境；6、land 土地；7、resource 8、history 歷史；9、status現(xiàn)狀；10、waterandsoil 11、washingaway流失；12、floodwater 洪水；13、breakingout 爆發(fā)；14、mountaincoast山體滑坡；15、vegetation 植被；16、soilfertility 土壤肥力；17、climate 氣候；18、EINinophenomenon厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象；19、marsh 濕地；沼澤；20、droughtdisaster旱災(zāi)；21、waterlog 澇災(zāi)；22、hail冰雹；23、frost 24、gale大風(fēng)；25、coldwave寒潮；26、plantdiseasesandinsectpests病蟲(chóng)害；27、earthquake地震；28、plague瘟疫；29、firedisaster火災(zāi)；30、heavysnowdisaster大雪災(zāi)；31、lightningstrike雷擊；32、ecology生態(tài)；33、balance 平衡；34、originalfrost 初霜；35、endfrost終霜；36、springfrost春霜；37、winterfrost冬霜；38、geologicaldisaster地質(zhì)災(zāi)；39、heavyfog 大霧；40、animaldisaster 獸害災(zāi)；41、lawofdroughtdisaster旱災(zāi)規(guī)律；42、lawofwaterlogdisaster澇災(zāi)規(guī)律；43、changetendency變化趨勢(shì)；44、changelaw變化規(guī)律；45、territorialdisaster區(qū)域性災(zāi)難；46、globedisaster 全球性災(zāi)難；47、environment環(huán)境；48、protection保護(hù)；49、surfacewater地表水；50、groundwater地下水；51、pollution污染；52、tropicrainforest熱帶雨林；53、typhoon臺(tái)風(fēng)；54、cyclone 颶風(fēng)；55、tornado 56、crypt 地穴;57、landform地形；58、physiognomy地貌；59、geogeny地球成因?qū)W；60、landsurface地面；61、doingdown下沉；62、waterresource水資源；63、seriouspinch 嚴(yán)峻匱乏；64、grasshopperdisaster蝗蟲(chóng)災(zāi)；65、heavydrought大旱；66、heavywaterlog大澇；67、famine饑餓；68、visitationofProvidence 天災(zāi)；69、man-madedisaster 70、surfaceofsea 海平面；71、movingup 上升；72、mankind 73、facing 面臨；74、breathe 生存;7