定語(yǔ)從句TheAttributiveClauseTheboywhoisreadingabookoverthereismyfriend.Heismyfriend.Heisreadingabookoverthere.Declanisafamoussinger.Hesingsthesongtellmewhy.Declanisafamoussingerwhosingsthesongtellmewhy.在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或者代詞用作定語(yǔ)的句子就叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞，叫先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞：who,

whomwhose,

which,that

關(guān)系副詞：when,

where關(guān)系代詞的句法功能及指代功能關(guān)系代詞處在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間，身兼三職：連接主從句的紐帶、指代先行詞和在從句中充當(dāng)某種句子成分?，F(xiàn)在我們將常用的關(guān)系代詞的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能總結(jié)如下：指代人指代物指代人或物主語(yǔ)whowhichthat賓語(yǔ)whom/whowhichthat定語(yǔ)whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)在從句中的作用指代功能定語(yǔ)從句的位置定語(yǔ)從句一定放在被修飾的成分之后。e.g.Thisis

thecar

whichheboughtlastyear.先行詞定語(yǔ)從句Doyouknowthedoctor?Hespokejustnow.

Doyouknowthedoctor

whospokejustnow?whom指人,在從句中作賓語(yǔ),可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman

(whom)

wesawattheBeijingHotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl

(whom)Icalledjustnow

isfromAmerica.which指物,在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。

e.g.I’mnotinterestedinthebook

which

hasjustbeenpublished.appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.Theapplewhichisredissmall.Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaper

whichcarriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.that指人或物，在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。e.g.ThehousethatI’mgoingtobuyfacessouth.They’retalkingaboutthefilm.Ihaveseenthefilm.They’retalkingaboutthefilm(that)I’veseen.ItwaswrittenbyLaoshe.Janehasborrowedthebook.JanehasborrowedthebookthatwaswrittenbyLaoshe.*先行詞前有下列詞語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句必須用that引導(dǎo)。all,every,any,little,few,much,no,only,very,the+序數(shù)詞,the+形容詞最高級(jí)e.g.Thisisthecleanestpark

thatyoucanimagine.Hetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons

hehadvisitedinthecity.*在who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句中，限制性定語(yǔ)從句必須用that引導(dǎo)。that

e.g.Whoisthemanisstandingoverthere.thate.g.Thisistheonlybook

thathasbeenwritteninFrench.*先行詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí),限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常用that引導(dǎo)。(?？墒÷?e.g.Sheisnolongerthegirlthatshewasbeforeshewenttothecountry.Thatisthenewmachine.Thepartsofitaretoosmalltosee.That’sthemachinewhosepartsaretoosmalltosee.當(dāng)先行詞是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人時(shí)一般用who,不用that。e.g.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.

在以疑問詞who開頭的句子中,或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí),用that,不用who。e.g.Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.

先行詞是人,從句中缺動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞 賓語(yǔ)時(shí),用whom或that(介詞后不用 that)。e.g.Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomheborrowedit.

Heisthestudent(whom,who,that)youwanttosee.關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則不可省略。

*

whose指人或物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。Thegirlgotfirst.Herfatherhadgivenusareport.Thegirlwhosefather

hadgivenusareportgotfirst.e.g.That’sthemanwhosehousewas

burneddown.I.根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示，用定語(yǔ)從句完成下列句子。Thisisthebestfilm________________ _____(我看過的).(that)Ihaveeverseen2.Hehasadaughter_________________ ____________(