][]2.1Thereasonforoutlines.][]2.2Howshouldyouconstructanoutline?]WhydidIdothework?Whatwerethecentralmotivationsandhypotheses?]B)ResultsandDiscussionWhatweretheresults?Howwerecompoundsmadeandcharacterized?Whatwasmeasured?]Whatdoesitallmean?Whathypotheseswereprovedordisproved?WhatdidIlearn?Whydoesitmakeadifference?Finally,puteverything—outlineofsections,tables,sketchesoffigures,equations–ingoodorder.]，]2.3TheoutlineWhatshouldanoutlinecontain?tle:hors:3.Abstract:Donotwriteanabstract.Thatcanbedonewhenthepaperismplete.[不要著急寫摘要，可以等文章寫完后再寫。n:Thefirstparagraphortwoshouldbewrittenoutcompletely.Payparticularattentiontotheopeningsentence.Ideally,itshouldstateconciselytheobjectiveofthework,andindicatewhythisobjectiveisportant.]5.ResultsandDiscussion.Theresultsanddiscussionareusuallycombined.Thissectionshouldbeorganizedaccordingtomajortopics.Theseparatepartsshouldhavesubheadingsinboldfacetomakethisorganizationclear,andtohelpthereaderscanthroughthefinaltexttofindthepartsthatinteresthimorher.Thefollowinglistincludesexamplesofthephrasesthatmightplausiblyserveassectionheadings:]]lusion.Intheoutline,summarizetheconclusionsofthepaperasalistofshortspecialemphasisisneeded.TheConclusionssectionshouldbejustthat,indicateexplicitlythesignificanceofthework.[在提綱里，總結(jié)論文中的結(jié)論應(yīng)是由一些簡短的短語或句子組成][結(jié)論不僅僅作的意義。Include,inthecorrectordertocorrespondtotheorderintheResultssection,alloftheparagraphsubheadingsoftheExperimentalsection.2.4Insummary:[總結(jié)：]*Startwritingpossibleoutlinesforpapersearlyinaproject.Donotwaituntilthe“end”.Theendmaynevercome.[該著手去寫可能的論文提綱，而不要等到論文結(jié)束的時候。研究可能永遠(yuǎn)沒有結(jié)尾可言。*Organizetheoutlineandthepaperaroundeasilyassimilateddata–tables,equations,figures,schemes–ratherthanaroundtext.[于接受的數(shù)據(jù)—表格，方程式，圖表，示意圖，而不是圍繞正文。*Organizeinorderofimportance,notinchronologicalorder.AnNeophytesoftenorganizeapaperintermsofchronology:thatis,theyfailuresandleadinguptoaclimacticsuccessfulfinale.Thisapproachiscompletelywrong.Startwiththemostimportantresults,andputthesecondaryresultslater,ifatall.Thereaderusuallydoesnotcarehowyouarrivedatyourbigresults,onlywhattheyare.Shorterpapersareeasiertoreadthanlongerones.[不是按照時間順序而應(yīng)按重要性來整理。應(yīng)該從最重要的結(jié)果寫起，然后是較重要的結(jié)果。讀者們通常不關(guān)心你是怎么得到的結(jié)果，而只關(guān)心結(jié)果是什么3.SomePointsofEnglishStyle]1)Donotusenounsasadjectives:2)Theword―this‖mustalwaysbefollowedbyanoun,sothatitsreferenceisexplicit3)Describeexperimentalresultsuniformlyinthepasttense.]4)Usetheactivevoicewheneverpossible.5)Completeallcomparisons.6)Typeallpapersdouble-spaced(notsingle-orone-and-a-halfspaced),andleave1spaceaftercolons,commas,andafterperiodsattheendofsentences.Leavegenerousmargins.(generally,1.25‖onbothsides&top&bottom).AssumethatwewillwriteallpapersusingthestyleoftheAmericanChemicalSociety.Youcangetagoodideaofthisstylefromthreesources:1)TheJournal.Simplylookatarticlesinthejournalsandcopytheorganizationyouseethere.2)Previouspapersfromthegroup.Bylookingatpreviouspapers,youcanseeexactlyhowapapershould―look‖.Ifwhatyouwrotelooksdifferent,itprobablyisnotwhatwewant.3)TheACSStyleGuide:AManualforAuthorsandEditors.(JanetS.Dodd,EditorWashington,D.C.USA1997).Usefuldetail,especiallythesectiononreferences.IalsosuggestyoureadStrunkandWhite,TheElementsofStyle(Longman:NewYork,2000,4thedition)togetasenseforEnglishusage.Twoexcellentbooksonthedesignofgraphs