PAGE8-Unit4CyberspaceⅠ.閱讀理解A(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivateespaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalowcostdevice(裝置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem：asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plasticlikeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。來自佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)明了一種智能鍵盤，可以通過分析用戶的打字模式來判斷該用戶是不是安全訪客。1．Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A．Toreducepressureonkeys.B．Toimproveaccuracyintyping.C．Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D．Tocutthecostofespaceprotection.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可推知，研究者研發(fā)這種智能鍵盤是為了降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全保護(hù)技術(shù)的成本。故選D。2．Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A．Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B．Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C．Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D．Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.答案：C推理判斷題。題干問的是“是什么讓智能鍵盤的發(fā)明成為可能”，也就是問這一發(fā)明的核心依據(jù)是什么。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities...”可知，正是因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人的打字模式不同，這種智能鍵盤就可以通過分析用戶的打字力度及節(jié)奏等來判斷該用戶是不是安全訪客。故選C。3．Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A．It'llbeenvironmentfriendly.B．It'llreachconsumerssoon.C．It'llbemadeofplastics.D．It'llhelpspeeduptyping.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干“研究者對(duì)于智能鍵盤有什么期望”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句話“該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望在不久的將來將智能鍵盤推向市場(chǎng)”。故選B。4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文的話題“智能鍵盤”以及第二段第一句中的“ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalowcostdevice...”，尤其是其中的關(guān)鍵詞“Researchers”“l(fā)owcostdevice”等來推斷，本文是一篇科研類文章，最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選D。B(2020·全國新高三開學(xué)聯(lián)考)Slowlybutsurely,we'removingcloserandcloserto5Gworld.Fromsmarthomesecuritytoselfdrivingcars,alltheinternetconnecteddevicesinourlifewillbeabletotalktoeachotheratlightningfastspeedswithreduceddelay.Objectivelyspeaking,thefastest4GdownloadspeedsintheUStopoutatanaverageof19.42Mbps.Butbycomparison5Gpromisesgigabit(千兆)speeds.“5Gisoneofthoseheralds(使者),alongwithartificialintelligence,ofthiscomingdataage，”saidSteveKoenig,seniordirectorofmarketresearchfortheConsumerTechnologyAssociation.“Theselfdrivingvehicleisagreatemblemofthisdataage,andthatistosay,itisasignoftime,becausewithonesingletask,driving,youhavemassiveamountsofdatacomingfromthevehicleitself,andavarietyofsensorsarecollectingalotofinformationtomodelitsenvironmentasitmoves.It'spullingindatafromothervehiclesaboutroadconditionsdownthelane.Itcouldbeweatherinformation,andalsoconnectedinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)construction.There'slotsofdatabehindthattask,whichiswhyweneedthehighspeed.Andvirtualrealityglassesandheadsetshaven'tyetbrokenthemainstream,buttechcompaniesarejoyfullybettingthatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones.With5G,thatcouldactuallyhappen.ThisisnotablebecausecompaniessuchasApplearereportedlydevelopingARglassestoassist—orevenreplace—smartphones.EricssonstatedatFebruary'sMobileWorldCongresshowsmartglassescouldbecomefasterandlighterwitha5Gconnection,becauseinsteadofbeingweigheddownwithcomponents,theglassescouldrelyonhardwareforprocessingpower.Butdon'tgettooexcited.There'sstillalotofworktobedoneinthemeantime,includingvarioustrialstomakesuretheradiosplaynicelywithhardwareandinfrastructureconstructionso5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。隨著科技的不斷發(fā)展，5G時(shí)代即將來臨。它最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)就是上網(wǎng)速度大大加快。5．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Arightsecurityof5G.B．Thesuperspeedof5G.C．Apotentialdreamof5G.D．Thepresentworldof5G.答案：B段落大意題。首段先提出5G時(shí)代即將來臨，接下來介紹5G上網(wǎng)下載的高速度，相比于目前的4G,5G有望達(dá)到千兆的上網(wǎng)速度。故首段的主要內(nèi)容是介紹5G的超級(jí)速度。6．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“emblem”inParagraph2?A．Exhibition. B．Explanation.C．Sponsor. D．Symbol.答案：D詞義猜測(cè)題。該句意為“無人駕駛車輛是這個(gè)數(shù)字時(shí)代的偉大象征”；根據(jù)后面的補(bǔ)充解釋“itisasignoftime”也可推知畫線詞是“象征”的意思。7．Whatdosometechcompaniesexpectofvirtualrealityglasses?A．Theywillbeheavierthanpresentones.B．Theywillprocesspowerontheirown.C．Theywillservepeopleinsteadofsmartphones.D．Theywillbringabigfortunetotechcompanies.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...buttechcompaniesarejoyfullybettingthatthesedeviceswilleventuallyreplaceoursmartphones”可知，科技公司預(yù)計(jì)這些裝置最終取代我們的手機(jī)。因此選C。8．Whatwilltheauthortellusinthenextparagraph?A．Howtofullyexpand5Gcoverage.B．Howtoeffectivelyreduce5Gtrials.C．Howtonicelyoperate5Ghardware.D．Howtowidelyconstruct5Gbigcities.答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，尤其是“...so5Gisn'tconcentratedonlyinbigcities”可知，迎接5G時(shí)代的到來，我們還有很多的工作要做，其中就有升級(jí)其技術(shù)，讓5G不僅僅是應(yīng)用于大城市。故A項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大5G的覆蓋率”符合接下來的敘述內(nèi)容。Ⅱ.七選五(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.__1__WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(邏輯)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.Do's?__2__Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教學(xué)大綱)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.?Participateindiscussionforums(論壇),blogsandotheropenendedforumsfordialogue.__3__Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.Don'ts?Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.__4__?Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.__5__Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor'sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A．That'swhattheyarefor.B．Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C．Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D．Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E．Belowaresomecommondo'sanddon'tsforonlinelearners.F．Everyonehastakenanotsogreatclassatonetimeoranother.G．Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在選修網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程時(shí)如何與授課老師建立健康有益的互動(dòng)交流。1．E空格前句意：在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與授課老師建立健康的溝通模式是非常重要的；空格后句意：雖然“我”每個(gè)只列出了兩條，但顯然還有許多其他情況可能發(fā)生。下面的段落緊接著介紹了溝通的注意事項(xiàng)——兩“做”和兩“不做”，因此E項(xiàng)“下面是在線學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該做和不應(yīng)該做的一些常見事情”符合語境。2．G此空位于句首，是對(duì)段落的總結(jié)?？崭窈缶湟猓号c主題內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問題通常會(huì)受歡迎。在詢問有關(guān)課程設(shè)計(jì)的問題之前，閱讀教學(xué)大綱和學(xué)習(xí)管理系統(tǒng)信息，以確保答案不會(huì)隱藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表達(dá)要提出好的有水平的問題，故G項(xiàng)“問問題，但要確保這些問題是好的、深思熟慮的問題”符合語境。3．A上文建議參加論壇討論、博客討論和其他開放式討論對(duì)話，舉的這三個(gè)例子都是在線的討論，并且可以幫助在線學(xué)習(xí)者，故A項(xiàng)“那就是它們的作用”符合語境。4．C空格前句意：如果你需要延長最后期限，只需向授課老師解釋一下情況，故C項(xiàng)“如果需要更多的信息，他們會(huì)詢問”符合語境。5．F空格前句意：不要公開表達(dá)對(duì)授課老師或課程的不滿，由此可推知，后文應(yīng)有對(duì)其不滿的原因或具體說明，因此F項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人都曾經(jīng)上過不太好的課”符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空(2020·甘肅省會(huì)寧一中高三第一次月考)China,whichtakesprideininventionsinancienttimes,hasonceagainshownits__1__(able)tochangetheworldwithits“newfourgreatinventions”：highspeedrailways,electronicpayments,sharedbicyclesandonlineshopping.The“newfourgreatinventions”areallrelated__2__China'shightechinnovation(創(chuàng)新),__3__improvedthequalityofpeople'slives.“Mywalletisnolongerinuse.Icanbuyandeat__4__Iwantsimplywithatapofmyphone，”saidLinJinlong,__5__overseasChinesestudentfromCambodia,__6__(add)that“evenpancakesellersareusingAlipay(mobilepayment).Wecanalsoorderfoodathome,whichissuperconvenient.IfI__7__(be)athomeinCambodia,Iwouldhavetogooutdoors.”Thebikesthemselvesarenotnew,buttheoperatingmodelofbikesharingisbasedonsatellitenavigationsystem,mobilepayment,bigdataandotherhightechnologies.Itis__8__(increase)clearthatChinaisinnovatingandnolongercopyingWesternideas.ThisispartlybecauseChinaskippedoverthePCageandwentdirectlytomobile.Chinahasthe__9__(large)mobileuseintheworld.Intermsofthe“newfourgreatinventions”，CharlieDai,principalanalystofAmericanmarketresearchcompanyForrester,said,“Theseproductsandservices__10__(improve)customerexperiencesofar,improvingnationalandglobaleconomyatthesametime.”1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國的“新四項(xiàng)發(fā)明”：高速鐵路、電子支付、共享自行車和網(wǎng)上購物，以及它們對(duì)人們生活的影響。1．a(chǎn)bility考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。its后接名詞形式，此處表示展示了改變世界的能力，故填ability。2．to考查介詞。berelatedto“與……有關(guān)”，固定用法，故填to。3．which考查定語從句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是The“newfourgreatinventions”，在從句中作主語，故填which。4．whatever/what考查代詞。根據(jù)句意“我可以僅僅按一下我的手機(jī)來購買我想買和想吃的東西”，在此用whatever/what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作want的賓語，故填whatever/what。5．a(chǎn)n考查冠詞。一個(gè)海外華裔學(xué)生，用來解釋說明林金龍身份。overseas“海外的”，以元音音素開始，用不定冠詞an修飾。故填an。6．a(chǎn)dding考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。add與LinJinlong之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用動(dòng)詞－ing形式，故填adding。7．were考查虛擬語氣。If條件狀語從句中與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬，如果是系動(dòng)詞be用were，故填were。8．increasingly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這里用副詞作狀語，修飾形容詞clear，故填increasingly。9．largest考查形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)空格前的the可知此處用最高級(jí)形式，largest“最大的”，故填largest。10．haveimproved考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這些產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)到目前為止改善了客戶體驗(yàn)，同時(shí)改善了國