2019年中考（人教）英語(yǔ)：閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)優(yōu)題（10）及答案【實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練】A（2019中考訓(xùn)練題）DearMrScott,Iepectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournet-doorneighbor,butIhavetoraiseathemethatitwillbeeasierformetodiscussinwriting.YoumayhavenoticedthatIhavealineofappletreesrunningalongthefence（柵欄）thatseparatesourtwogardens.Youmayalsohavefelthappywhenyouseeyourtwochildrensittingonyourgrassbythefence.Andyoumayalsohavenoticedthatmyappletreesbendoverthefenceandseemtoloodownatyourchildrenwithinterest.Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthatinterest.Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypicingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredofseeingyourchildren,dayafterday,destroythebranchesofeveryoneofmyappletrees.Anditseemsthatawarhasbeenfoughtononesideofmyappletrees.Besides,IammoretiredofwainguponthesefineautumnmorningstofindeventheapplesonMYsideofthefencemuchlessinnumber.Inowthistooistheworofyourchildren,sincelastnightIwaswoenatmidnightbythenoisetheyweremaingwhenclimbingoneofmytrees,and(astheymayhavetoldyou)Idrovethemaway.Yourssincerely,BecyAldrin1．Whatisthis?A．Acomplaintletter.

B

．Aninvitationletter.C．Athan-youletter.

D

．Arecommendationletter.2．Whichseasonwasit?A．Spring.B．Summer.C．Autumn.D．Winter.3．Whatdidthetwochildrendolastnight?A．Theysatonthegrass.

B

．

Theyranalongthefence.C．Theydestroyedthebranches.

D

．Theyclimbedanappletree.4．HowwasBecyAldrinwhenshewrotethisletter?A．Politebutserious.B．Surprisedbuthappy.C．Angryandrude.D．Tiredanduninterested.5．WhatdidBecyAldrinwishMrScotttodonet?A．BeindtohisneighbourB．Maefriendswithhischildren.C．Haveatalwithhischildren.D

Growappletreesinhisgarden.【分析】這篇短文是Becy寫(xiě)給Scott的一封信，他們兩個(gè)是街坊，Becy沿著他們兩家之間的籬笆種了一些蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，可是Scott先生的兩個(gè)孩子老是破壞蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，所以她寫(xiě)信告訴Scott先生，希望他能辦理一下。1．要旨粗心題。這篇短文是BecyAldrin寫(xiě)給Scott先生的一封信，依據(jù)信中Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredofseeingyourchildren,dayafterday,destroythebranchesofeveryoneofmyappletrees.Besides,IammoretiredofwainguponthesefineautumnmorningstofindeventheapplesonMYsideofthefencemuchlessinnumber.Inowthistooistheworofyourchildren可知，她是在向Scott先生訴苦，因?yàn)镾cott先生家的孩子破壞了她的蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，還偷她的蘋(píng)果。所以這些一封訴苦信，應(yīng)選A。2．推理判斷題。依據(jù)短文中Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypicingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.可知，此刻蘋(píng)果樹(shù)上已經(jīng)結(jié)蘋(píng)果了，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)是秋天。應(yīng)選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文的最后sincelastnightIwaswoenatmidnightbythenoisetheyweremaingwhenclimbingoneofmytrees可知，昨天夜晚，Scott先生家的兩個(gè)孩子爬上了BecyAldrin的一棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，由此可知應(yīng)選D。4．推理判斷題。從Becy寫(xiě)的這封信中的一些文字，如Iepectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournet-doorneighbor,butIhaveto、Itisonlynaturalthat、Anditisquitelegal、Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredof等等，我們能夠看到她寫(xiě)信的語(yǔ)氣是很委宛、有禮貌的，但同時(shí)她也嚴(yán)肅地提出了這個(gè)問(wèn)題，故應(yīng)選A，有禮貌但嚴(yán)肅的。B是詫異的但高興的；C是生氣的、魯莽的；D是累的、不感興趣的。5．推理判斷題。這封信中Becy向Scott先生訴苦了他的孩子們的所作所為，她的目的應(yīng)當(dāng)是希望Scott先生能和他的孩子好好的談一談，不要再去損壞她的蘋(píng)果樹(shù)了。故應(yīng)選C。點(diǎn)睛：這篇短文是Becy寫(xiě)給Scott的一封信，他們兩個(gè)是街坊，Becy沿著他們兩家之間的籬笆種了一些蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，可是Scott先生的兩個(gè)孩子老是破壞蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，所以她寫(xiě)信告訴Scott先生，希望他能辦理一下。文章內(nèi)容切近學(xué)生的平時(shí)生活，比較簡(jiǎn)單理解。關(guān)于這篇短文和題目說(shuō)，理解文意是次之，而最主要的是學(xué)生們?cè)陂喿x的時(shí)候，能夠讀出作者的寫(xiě)作企圖以及她的寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)氣。后邊的題目也考察了這一點(diǎn)，比如第4小題，問(wèn)的就是Becy在寫(xiě)信時(shí)的感覺(jué)，依據(jù)文意可知，固然在信中Becy向Scott先生訴苦了他的孩子的不好的行為，但整篇文章Becy的語(yǔ)氣都是很委宛的，如開(kāi)頭的這句話(huà)Iepectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournet-doorneighbor,butIhaveto以及文章中Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthatinterest.Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypicingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.這兩句話(huà)站在對(duì)方的角度想問(wèn)題，這些語(yǔ)言都讓我們能夠看出Becy是很禮貌、很仔細(xì)的敘述問(wèn)題，故應(yīng)選A。【實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練】

B閱讀以下資料，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確答案。Doyouoftengivethanstoyourfamily,friends,

teachers

orotherpeople?Ifyoudon’t,youshouldstartdoingitnow.Accordingtoastudy,

“givingthans

”isnotonlygoodforourmind,butalsogoodforourbody.“Givingthans”topeopleshowsyouaregrateful(感謝的),friendly

andnice.

Ithelpsyougetonwellwithyourfamilyandfriends.Itmaesyoulivehappily.“If

thanfulness

wereaindofmedicine,

itwouldbetheworld’sbestmedicine”.Ithelpsourorgans(

器官)worbetter,

”saysDrPMuraliDoraiswamyfromDueUniversity.Thestudyhastwogroupsofstudents.Onegroupwrites“than

-you”

lett

erstopeopletheynow.Theothergroupdoesn'twriteletters.Thegroupthatwritesthelettersfindsthattheirlifeishappierthanbefore.Happylifeisveryimportant’tfallilleasily.Soshowyourthanstopeopleinwordsorinlettersfromtoday.51.Givingthanstoothersis______forourmindandbody.D.bad52.Accordingtothepassage,ifweoftengivethanstootherswecan______.A.worwellB.livehappilyC.sleepwellD.Allabove53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thegroupthatwrites

“than-you”

lettersishappierthanbefore.“Givingthans”willhelpyougetonwellwithothers.“Givingthans”showsyouaregrateful.D.Youwillfallillwhenyougivethanstoyourfamily.參照答案51—53CDD【實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練】

CAgreenlifesometimesjustneedsagoodidealiesharingcars(

拼車(chē)).Sharingcars

meansyoucanuseacar

but

youdon’t

needto

ownit.

Nowthe

idea

of

car

sharinghasbecomeanimportantwayofpeople

’sgettingoutaroundtheworld.As

wenow,mostpeoplepartheir

cars

ingarages

（車(chē)庫(kù)）

formuchtime.In

fact,wedriveourowncarsforaboutoneortwohoursaday.Whenwedon’acar,we’llonlypaywhenweuseit.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearestartingtosharecars.InSwiterland,almost40,000peoplehavejoinedit.Japanisalsotryingtomaeitpopulararoundthecountry.Carsharingisthebeginningofanewideaintransportation（交通）possibleforustotraveleverywherewithoutbuyingacar.Doyoulovetowithothers?

.Itisalsosharea

carAccordingtothepassage,carsharingmeans______.youcanbuyacarwithothersyoucanuseacarwithoutbuyingityoucan’taffordacaryouarenotabletodriveacarTheideaofcarsharingispopular______.56.Peopleliesharingcarsbecause______.C.theydon’twanttoownacarD.theywanttosavemoneyFromthepassagewenow______.carsharingisanewwayofgettingoutpeoplewon’tbuycarsanymorefewerpeoplewillgotravelingpeoplesharingcarshavenocarsathome參照答案54—57BDDA【實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練】D隱形殺手——抑郁癥Althoughweallwanthappinessandjoyeveryday,sometimeswestillfeelblue.Mostpeoplecancontrolthis,butsometimesitcangetworseandpeoplefallintodepression(抑郁).Thisyear,theWHOchose“depression”asthethemeofWorldHealthDay.Thisaimstoraisepeople'sawareness(意識(shí))ofit.Accordingtoitsrecentreport,about322millionpeoplesuffereddepressionin2015.Thisismorethan4percentoftheworld'spopulation.Depressionisdescribedasamentaldisorder(精神疾病).Ithasseveralsymptoms(癥狀)liesadnessandlossofinterest.Inetremecases,depressionmayleadtosuicide(自殺)．Therearethreegroupsofpeoplethataremorelielytodevelopdepression,accordingtoWHO.Oneisoldpeople,whileanotheriswomenwhoarepregnant(懷胎的)orhavejustgivenbirth.Andyoungpeoplearealsooneofthethreegroups.InChina,depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise,huhuohong,afamouspsychologyprofessortoldinhua.Competitions,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressure.Lucily,effortsarebeingmadetosolvethisproblem.NowseveralsocialorganiationsinChinaaretryinghardtohelpthosewithdepression.WHOalsoheldthe“DepressionLet'stal”campaignthismonth,aimingtomaesurethatpeoplewithdepressionseeandgethelp.1.Peoplewithdepressionevenwantto________．A.seeandgethelpB.havecompetitionsC.havepressureD.commitsuicideWhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Depressionisamentaldisorder.B.Pregnantwomenaremorelielytodevelopdepression.C.Peoplewithdepressioncannotgotowor.D.Depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise.

“blue”inthepassagemeans“________”．B.sadandhopelessD.badbehavior4.DepressionamongyoungpeopleinChinamaybecausedby________．5.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?—ASilentiller【要旨粗心】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了抑郁癥患者的數(shù)目、癥狀、生病人群及為了阻擋患抑郁癥而采納的一些舉措。1.D【分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：精神抑郁的人甚至想去________。依據(jù)第三段最后一句中“...depressionmayleadtosuicide(自殺)．”可知“抑郁者有自殺偏向”，應(yīng)選D。2.C【分析】推理判斷題。題干意為：以下哪一個(gè)表達(dá)是不正確的？A項(xiàng)：抑郁是一種精神疾病；B項(xiàng)：孕婦更可能患抑郁；C項(xiàng)：有抑郁的人不可以去工作；D項(xiàng)：年青人抑郁人數(shù)上漲。A、B、D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容文中均有提到，是正確的。文中提到有部分人沒(méi)存心識(shí)到自己患了抑郁，還有些學(xué)生因?yàn)榻逃膲毫χ率挂钟舻龋f(shuō)明抑郁的人是能夠工作的，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。應(yīng)選C。3.B【分析】詞義猜想題。題干意為：文中劃線(xiàn)單詞“blue”的意思是“________”。前句提示“happiness”和“joy”，后文轉(zhuǎn)折，故能夠推測(cè)是“sadandhopeless悲傷和無(wú)望”。應(yīng)選B。4.A【分析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在中國(guó)，青少年抑郁可能是由________惹起。依據(jù)第五段最后一句“Competitions,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressure.”可知教育競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的壓力致使年青人患上抑郁。應(yīng)選A。B【分析】標(biāo)題概括題。題干意為：文章最正確的標(biāo)題是什么？本文主要介紹抑郁對(duì)人們的危害。故B選項(xiàng)Depression—ASilentiller“抑郁——緘默的殺手”切合題意，應(yīng)選B?！緦?shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練】EIshoohandswithmyfatherinthetruc,andforalongtimehelooedstraightaheadanddidn'tsayaword.ButInewhewasgoingtosayalittletome."Ican'ttellanything,"hefinallysaid."Ineverwenttocollege,andnoneofyourbrotherswenttocollege.Ican'tsaydon'tdothisanddothat,becauseeverythingisdifferentandIdon'tnowwhatisgoingtocomeup.Ican'thelpmuchwithmoneyeither,butIthinthingswillworout."Hegavemeanewchec-boo."Ifthingsgetpushing,writeasmallchec.Butwhenyouwriteone,sendmealetterandletmenowhowmuch.Therearesomethingswecanalwayssell."InfouryearsallthechecsIwrotewerelessthanathousanddollars.Mypart-timejobssuchasreadingtotheblindstudentandsittingwiththeteachers'idsfilledinthefinancialgaps."Younowwhatyouwanttobe,andthey'lltellyouwhattotae,"myfatherwenton."Whenyougetajob,besureit'shonest,andworhard."InewthatsoonIwouldbealoneinthebigtown,andIwouldbemissingthecoolwindsandalifewhereyourthiningwasdoneforyou.Thenmydadreacheddownbesidehisseatandbroughttheold,broenreadsooften,theoneheusedwhenhewantedtoloosomethingupin

Biblethatafriendly

hehadquarrelwithoneoftheneighbours.Inewhewouldmissit.Inew,though,thatImusttaeit.Hedidn'tsayreadthiseverymorning.Hejustsaid,"Thiscanhelpyouifyouwi