/23/23/2023屆高三開年摸底聯(lián)考全國卷英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。考試時間為120分鐘,滿分150分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話,每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后.你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Businesspartners.C.Friends.2.WhatdoesthewomanaskJohntodo?A.Preparedinner.B.Takeouttherubbish.C.TakeDolbyforawalk.3.Howdocsthemansound?A.Worried.B.Curious.C.Casual.4.Whomightthemanbe?A.Atourguide.B.Atravelagent.C.Awaiter.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inthestreet.C.Inaflowershop.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Howmuchdoesthewomanpayfortheroomperday?A.$100.B.8150.C.$300.7.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Giveheradiscount.B.Bringherbagdown.C.Getataxiforher.聽第7段材料.回答第8、9題。8.WhenwillSaraharriveattheairport?A.Al8:50a.m.B.At9:10p.m.C.At9:50p.m,9.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Packinghisluggage.B.Watchingamatch.C.Gettingsomegas.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.What’sthewoman’sproblem?A.Sheisbaredwithstudying.B.Shefailedinthemid-termexam.C.Sheisworriedabouttomorrow’stest.11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeadeepbreath.B.Reviewthecoursesagain.CSeekhelpfromthedoctor.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Fatheranddaughter.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.WhatwasSally’spart-timejob?A.Awaitress.B.AnEnglishteacher.C.Anassistant.14.WhydoesSallywanttochangeherjob?A.She’stiredofit.B.Shedoesn’twanttoworkabroad.C.HercompanywillmovetotheUS.15.WhatisSallyweakin?A.Communication.B.Solvingproblems.C.Carefulness.16.WhatdoesthemanaskSallyaboutintheend?A.Herstrengths.B.Herexpectedsalary.C.Hercareerplan.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Wherewasthelistof“BestTourismVillages2021”announced?A.InChina.B.InAmerica.C.InSpain.18.InwhichaspecthasYucunmadegreateffortsinrecentyears?·A.Economicgrowth.B.Environmentalimprovement.C.Protectionoflocalmannersandcustoms.19.WhendidXidiVillagebecomeaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite?A.In2000.B.In2005.C.In2010.20.Whatdoesthe“BestTourismVillages”aimtodo~A.Showtheimportanceofruralculture.B.Provetheroleofruralvillagesineconomicgrowth.C.Promotetheroleoftourisminprotectingruralvillages.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A2022EarthshotPrizeWinnersTheEarthshotPrizeisa10-yearprojectbyBritaingovernmentthataimstofindsolutionstothebiggestenvironmentalproblemstheplanetfaces.Thehopeisthatthosesolutionscanbesharedandrepeatedaroundtheworld.Everyyear,fourprizesareawardedandeachprize-winnerwins＄1.2millionfortheirefforts.ProtectAndRestoreNatureKheytiwontheprizeforprotectingandrestoringnaturewithits“Greenhouse-in-a-box”idea.Thecompanyprovidesasimple,largegreenhousetosmallfarmersatalowcost.Thegreenhousesallowfarmerstouse90%lesswaterandproduceseventimesasmuchfood.Thecompanyisalreadyworkingwith1,000farmersacrossIndiaKheytihopestogetitsgreenhousesto50,000farmersby2027.CleanOurAirCharlotMagayiwontheprizeforcleaningtheair.Afterherdaughterwasburnedbyacharcoal-burningstove,Ms.Magayidevelopedasafer,cleanerstove,calledtheMukuruCleanStove.Ms.Magayi’sstovesuseadifferentfuelthat’scheaperandpollutesfarlessthancharcoalstoves.Currently.over200,000MukuruCleanStovesarebeingusedinKenya.Inthreeyears,Ms.Magayihopestoincreasethatnumberto1million.ReviveOurOceansTheReviveOurOceansprizewaswonbytheQueenslandIndigenousWomenRangersNetwork(QIWRN).Overthelastfouryears,QIWRNhastrained60indigenouswomentohelpprotecttheenvironment.Thewomenlearnedtousemoderntoolslikedrones.TheyalsosharedimportanthistoryofAustraliaandinformationthat’sbeenpasseddownforyearsamongtheirpeople.BuildaWaste-FreeWorldALondon-basedcompanycalledNotpla(for“NotPlastic”)wontheprizeforbuildingawaste-freeworld.Theirplasticsubstituteismadefromseaweed,andbreaksdownnaturallywithnomicroplastics.In2022alone,thecompanyhasmadeonemillionNotplatakeawayfoodboxes,replacingsimilarplastic-coatedboxes.By2025,thecompanyhopestoincreasethatnumberto25million.1.WhatistheEarthshotPrizemeanttodo?A.Encouragenewideastoprotecttheearth.B.Raisemoneyforenvironmentalprotection.C.Collectsolutionstoendangeredcreatures.D.Helptheworldgetridofhungerandpoverty.2.Whichprizeispresentedtoanindividual?A.ProtectAndRestoreNature. B.CleanOurAir.C.ReviveOurOceans. D.BuildaWaste-FreeWorld.3.Whowontheprizebydealingwithplasticpollution?A.Kheyti. B.QIWRN. C.CharlotMagayi. D.Notpln.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國政府發(fā)起的一個為期10年的項(xiàng)目——地球攝影獎，具體介紹了2022年地球攝影獎得主?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheEarthshotPrizeisa10-yearprojectbyBritaingovernmentthataimstofindsolutionstothebiggestenvironmentalproblemstheplanetfaces.Thehopeisthatthosesolutionscanbesharedandrepeatedaroundtheworld.(“地球攝影獎”是由英國政府發(fā)起的一個為期10年的項(xiàng)目，旨在為地球面臨的最大環(huán)境問題找到解決方案。希望這些解決方案可以在世界各地共享和重復(fù)。)”可知，“地球攝影獎”旨在于鼓勵保護(hù)地球的新想法。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProtectAndRestoreNature部分“Kheytiwontheprizeforprotectingandrestoringnaturewithits‘Greenhouse-in-a-box’idea.(Kheyti以其“盒子里的溫室”的想法獲得了保護(hù)和恢復(fù)自然的獎項(xiàng)。)”可知，《保護(hù)和恢復(fù)自然》這個獎是頒發(fā)給個人的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BuildaWaste-FreeWorld部分“ALondon-basedcompanycalledNotpla(for“NotPlastic”)wontheprizeforbuildingawaste-freeworld.Theirplasticsubstituteismadefromseaweed,andbreaksdownnaturallywithnomicroplastics.(倫敦一家名為Notpla(意為“非塑料”)的公司因建設(shè)無廢物世界而獲獎。他們的塑料替代品是由海藻制成的，不含微塑料，可以自然分解。)”可知，Notpla因處理塑料污染而獲獎。故選D。BBeingahighschoolcoachprovideswonderfulopportunitiesnotonlytoseekgreatskillfromstudentsinsports,butalsotoimplantinthemsomevaluablelifelessons.DontaGreen,acommittedcoachatWestinghouseHighSchoolinPittsburgh,Pennsylvanianhasbroughthisschoolteamtovictory.Whilepartofthisisdowntophysicalfitnessandpractice,animprovedgeneralattitudehasalsoplayedakeyroleintheteam’ssuccess.OnewayGreenhaschangedhisplayers’behaviorsisastrictno-bad-wordsrule.Thisappliestoplayersandcoachesalike.Ifanyoneusesbadlanguagethentheycanexpecttostartdoingpushups.Inanotherway,thecoachisalsoaddressingthewaythehighschoolstudentsdress.Nostudentsaretobeseenwearingtrousershangingtoolowandplayersshouldwalkthecorridorsoftheschoolinsuitandtie.Thisishavingapositiveeffectonthestudentsandtheiracademicsuccess,withtheteamgradeaveragebeing3.2.Thesechangesarereallyaffectingthewaytheplayersseethemselves.AsKeyshawnMorsillo,theteam’sstarquarterback,pointedout:“He’schangedus.Everyoneonthefootballteamusedtohavesomebadbehaviors.Buthehasshowedustherightwaytobeasuccessfulman.Welookupathimandfollowhisfootsteps.Really,he’shelpingturnusfromboystomen.”Thisisimpactingthegeneralaltitudeforthesestudentsnotjustintheschool,buthowthey’reperceivedinthewidercommunity,too.“Alotofthethingswedomightseemlikesmallthings,buttheyadduptobigthings.Therearethingswedothatsetusapartfromotherprograms.It’sjustalotofsimpledisciplines.That’swhatislackinginalotofouryoungpeople.”pointedoutGreen.Whiletheteamcontinuestoimpress,it’simportanttotakenoteonhowthesesmallstepscaninspireothers.Wecanstrengtheninourownchildrentheimportanceofbehavingappropriately.4.WhydidDontaGreentrytochangehisplavers’behavors?A.Topromotetheiroverallquality.B.Toachievetheiracademicsuccess.C.Toimprovetheircommunicativeskills.D.Tofocustheirmindonphysicaltraining.5.Whatisthestudents’attitudetotheextradisciplinesintheteam?A.Negative. B.Skeptical. C.Indifferent. D.Supportive.6.WhatdoGreen’swordsmeaninparagraph5?A.Youngpeopledon’thaverightattitudetolife.B.Children’sdailybehaviorsshouldberegulated.C.Allthestudentsinhisschoolbehavethemselves.D.Disciplinesaremoreimportantthanskills7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Acoachhasbroughthisschoolteamtovictory.B.Aplayerischangingfromaboytoasportstar.C.Acoachisteachingplayersvaluablelifelessons.D.Afootballteamhaswontheheartofcommunity【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述一名教練提高隊員們的綜合素質(zhì)，比賽取得勝利，也給了隊員寶貴的人生教訓(xùn)。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Beingahighschoolcoachprovideswonderfulopportunitiesnotonlytoseekgreatskillfromstudentsinsports,butalsotoimplantinthemsomevaluablelifelessons.(作為一名高中教練，不僅提供了絕佳的機(jī)會從學(xué)生身上尋找偉大的體育技能，而且還向他們灌輸了一些寶貴的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”和第三句“Whilepartofthisisdowntophysicalfitnessandpractice,animprovedgeneralattitudehasalsoplayedakeyroleintheteam’ssuccess.(雖然這部分歸功于身體素質(zhì)和訓(xùn)練，但整體態(tài)度的提高也在球隊的成功中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用)”可知，Green教練改變球員們的行為，是為了教他們樹立正確的人生價值觀并提高他們的整體品質(zhì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第六句“Buthehasshowedustherightwaytobeasuccessfulman.(但他向我們展示了成為成功人士的正確方法。)”和最后一句“Really,he’shelpingturnusfromboystomen.(真的，他正在幫助我們從男孩變成男人。)”可知，學(xué)生們受益于教練的額外紀(jì)律，因此他們對此是支持的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段最后兩句“It’sjustalotofsimpledisciplines.That’swhatislackinginalotofouryoungpeople.(只是很多簡單的規(guī)范。這正是我們很多年輕人所缺乏的。)”可知，孩子們的日常行為應(yīng)加以規(guī)范。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段第以句“Beingahighschoolcoachprovideswonderfulopportunitiesnotonlytoseekgreatskillfromstudentsinsports,butalsotoimplantinthemsomevaluablelifelessons.(作為一名高中教練，不僅提供了絕佳的機(jī)會從學(xué)生身上尋找偉大的體育技能，而且還向他們灌輸了一些寶貴的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)”可知，本文主要講了Green教練正在向他的球員灌輸重要的人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。CInSeptember2022,ArtemisTechnologiescompanypresentedanewtypeofwaterferry(渡船).TheArtemisE-24istheworld’sfirsthigh-speed,electric,zero-emissionsferry.Currently,theonlywaytogetfromBelfast,NorthernIrelandtoBangor,Waleswithoutgellingonaplane,istotakeabusortraintoDublin.Irelandandtogetonaferrythere.However,thatcouldallchangewithArtemisE-24tobeappliedliterally.ThefirstArtemisE-24isexpectedtosetsailonaroutebetweenBelfastandBangorasearlyas2024.Butactuallytheroadtoitscreationbegannearly20yearsago,in2005,whenOlympicmedalist,Dr.IainPercy,joinedtheArtemisRacingsailingteam.TheArtemisferryusedthesamehydrofoil(水翼船)technologythattheArtemisRacingAmerica’sCupracingyachtsdid.Itisthistechnologythatcanlifttheboatoutofthewaterasitpicksupspeed,muchlikeanairplane’swings,thatmakeitseemasifitisflying.Beyondthecoolnessfactor,thereasonswhyArtemisE-24usesthehydrofoiltechnologyarepractical.Raisingtheboatabovethewater,andreducingdrugleadstouptoa85percentreductioninfuelcosts.Likewise,thereduceddragalsominimizestheimpactthatrunningtheshiphasonshorelines.Reduceddragmeanslowerwaves.Theenvironmentalbenefitofatransportationtechnologyisobvioustoall.However,italsohaspracticalbenefits.AsDr.PercytoldTheIrishWorld,“thisferrywillnotonlybethecheapest,butalsothefastestwayinwater-basedcities.Itwillgetcommuters(通勤者)towheretheyaregoingin25minutes.Inaddition,thisnewinitiativewillalsobringmorethan1,000newjobsintotheBelfastareaoverthenextfewyears.”TheArtemisFerryisaprooftothefactthatnewandcreativetechnologiescanmakehugeimpacts,notonlyfortheworldandtheenvironment,butforthelocaleconomicsthatproducethem.8.WhyistheroutefromBelfasttoBangormentionedinparagraph1?A.Toanalysethenewferry.B.Tomakealistofevidence.C.Tocomeupwithanidea.D.Toaddthebackgroundofthetopic.9.Whatdoestheparagraph2mainlyshow?A.TheshapeoftheArtemisE-24B.Theoriginofthenewinvention.C.TheexperiencesofanOlympicmedalist.D.Theeffectofthehydrofoiltechnology.10.HowcanwedescribetheArtemisE-24?A.Itislightandenergy-efficient.B.Itischeapandfullyautomatic.C.Itishigh-speedandcost-effective.D.Itisoil-burningandmultifunctional.11.Whalisthebesttitleofthetext?A.NewFlyingFerryCouldRevolutionizeWaterTravelB.NewTechnologyBalancesEconomyandEnvironmentC.TheArtemisFerrywithAirplane’sWingsWillSetSailD.HydrofoilTechnologyLeadstoReductioninFuelCosts【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了ArtemisTechnologies公司推出了一種新型水上輪渡，第一艘ArtemisE-24預(yù)計最早于2024年在貝爾法斯特和班戈之間的航線上起航?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“heArtemisE-24istheworld’sfirsthigh-speed,electric,zero-emissionsferry.Currently,theonlywaytogetfromBelfast,NorthernIrelandtoBangor,Waleswithoutgellingonaplane,istotakeabusortraintoDublin.Irelandandtogetonaferrythere.However,thatcouldallchangewithArtemisE-24tobeappliedliterally.”（ArtemisE-24是世界上第一艘高速、電動、零排放的渡輪。目前，從北愛爾蘭的貝爾法斯特到威爾士的班戈而不坐飛機(jī)的唯一方法是乘坐公共汽車或火車到愛爾蘭的都柏林，然后坐船去那里。然而，隨著阿ArtemisE-24的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，這一切都可能改變。）可推知，在第一段中提到了從貝爾法斯特到班戈的路線是為了提出一個想法。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ThefirstArtemisE-24isexpectedtosetsailonaroutebetweenBelfastandBangorasearlyas2024.Butactuallytheroadtoitscreationbegannearly20yearsago,in2005,whenOlympicmedalist,Dr.IainPercy,joinedtheArtemisRacingsailingteam.TheArtemisferryusedthesamehydrofoiltechnologythattheArtemisRacingAmerica’sCupracingyachtsdid.Itisthistechnologythatcanlifttheboatoutofthewaterasitpicksupspeed,muchlikeanairplane’swings,thatmakeitseemasifitisflying.”（第一艘ArtemisE-24預(yù)計最早于2024年在貝爾法斯特和班戈之間的航線上起航。但實(shí)際上，它的創(chuàng)立之路始于近20年前，即2005年，當(dāng)時奧運(yùn)獎牌得主伊恩·珀西(IainPercy)博士加入了Artemis帆船隊。Artemis輪渡使用了與Artemis美洲杯帆船賽相同的水翼技術(shù)。正是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)使船在加速時脫離水面，就像飛機(jī)的翅膀一樣，讓它看起來像在飛行。）可知，第二段主要表明了新發(fā)明的起源。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“AsDr.PercytoldTheIrishWorld,thisferrywillnotonlybethecheapest,butalsothefastestwayinwater-basedcities.Itwillgetcommuterstowheretheyaregoingin25minutes.”（正如珀西博士在接受《愛爾蘭世界報》采訪時所說，“這艘渡輪不僅是水基城市中最便宜的，也是最快的方式。它可以讓通勤者在25分鐘內(nèi)到達(dá)他們要去的地方。）可知，ArtemisE-24速度快，性價比高。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段中“InSeptember2022,ArtemisTechnologiescompanypresentedanewtypeofwaterferry.TheArtemisE-24istheworld’sfirsthigh-speed,electric,zero-emissionsferry.”（2022年9月，ArtemisTechnologies公司推出了一種新型水上輪渡。ArtemisE-24是世界上第一艘高速、電動、零排放的渡輪。）以及第二段中“ThefirstArtemisE-24isexpectedtosetsailonaroutebetweenBelfastandBangorasearlyas2024.”（第一艘ArtemisE-24預(yù)計最早于2024年在貝爾法斯特和班戈之間的航線上起航。）和“TheArtemisferryusedthesamehydrofoiltechnologythattheArtemisRacingAmerica’sCupracingyachtsdid.Itisthistechnologythatcanlifttheboatoutofthewaterasitpicksupspeed,muchlikeanairplane’swings,thatmakeitseemasifitisflying.”（Artemis輪渡使用了與Artemis美洲杯帆船賽相同的水翼技術(shù)。正是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)使船在加速時脫離水面，就像飛機(jī)的翅膀一樣，讓它看起來像在飛行。）可知，文章主要講的是ArtemisTechnologies公司推出了一種新型水上輪渡，第一艘ArtemisE-24預(yù)計最早于2024年在貝爾法斯特和班戈之間的航線上起航。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“有飛機(jī)翅膀的Artemis渡輪將起航”。故選C項(xiàng)。DAworryingriseinsocialmediaposts,suggestingthatpeopleleavetheirHalloweenpumpkinsinthewoodstofeedwildlifeafterOctober31,hasmadewildlifeexpertsconcerned.ThousandsofpumpkinsarediscardedinwoodsacrossBritain.Whilewell-meaningpumpkincarversmightthinktheyaredoingthelocalanimalsgroupsakindness,leavingyourleftoverjack-o’-lanterninthewoodlandisactuallydoingmoreharmthangood.“Amythseemstohavebuiltupthatleavingpumpkinsinwoodshelpswildlife,butbehinditaremanyhiddenissues.”saidPaulBunton,engagementandcommunicationofficeratTheWoodlandTrust,accordingtoTheTelegraph.OneofthemainissuesisthattheleftoveroftheHalloweenpumpkinsareofteneatenbyalreadystrugglinghedgehogs(刺猬).InearlyNovember,hedgehogsarelookingtogainasmuchweightaspossibletosurvivetheirwinterhibernation.However,eatingpumpkinisharmfultotheirlittlehedgehogstomachs,leadingtodiarrheaanddehydration.Thismeanstheymaystruggletoputonweight,andinsomecasescanevenbefatal.Moreover,leftoverHalloweenpumpkinscancontaincandlesandplasticdecorationswhichcanalsobefataltowildlifeifmistakenlyeaten.Therottingleftovercanalsoattractlesspopularwildlife,suchasrats,toanarea.AccordingtoTheWoodlandTrust,theadditionalnutrientsinthepumpkinscannegativelyaffectthesoilbalanceaswell.“Pumpkinfleshcanhaveareallyharmfuleffectonwoodlandsoils,plants,andfungi(真菌),”Buntonpointedout.SowhatshouldyoudowithyourbeautifullycarvedpumpkincreationafterOctober31?Mostexpertsrecommendcomposting(堆肥)ityourselfathomeifyoucan,oraskingifalocalfarmwillacceptitasadonation.Youcouldeventrysomescientificexperimentstoproducemoreenergyfromthethrow-awaywasted.Eitherway,thehedgehogswillthankvou.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”meaninparagraph1?A.Processed. B.Recycled. C.Deserted. D.Preserved.13.WhydohedgehogstrytoeatsomanypumpkinsinearlyNovember?A.Toenjoythesweetfood. B.Tofilltheirstomachs.C.Toprepareforthewinter. D.Toimprovetheirhealth.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theadditionalnutrientsintheleftoverpumpkins.B.Thedamagesofcandlesandplasticinthepumpkins.C.Theattractionoftherottingleftoverstosomewildlife.D.Furtherexplanationoftheeffectofleftoverpumpkins.15.WhatarepeopleadvisedtodowiththeleftoverpumpkinsafterHalloween?.A.Stopleavingyourpumpkinsinthewoods.B.Keepyourbeautifulpumpkincreationsathome.C.Feedthehedgehogswiththeleftoverpumpkins.D.Burythepumpkinsleftoverdeepundertheground.【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章談?wù)摿巳f圣節(jié)后剩下的南瓜丟棄到樹林里所產(chǎn)生的不良影響，建議人們不要把南瓜丟棄到樹林里?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Aworryingriseinsocialmediaposts,suggestingthatpeopleleavetheirHalloweenpumpkinsinthewoodstofeedwildlifeafterOctober31,hasmadewildlifeexpertsconcerned.(社交媒體上有越來越多的帖子建議人們在10月31日之后把萬圣節(jié)南瓜丟到樹林里喂野生動物，這讓野生動物專家感到擔(dān)憂。)”說明有很多萬圣節(jié)南瓜丟棄在了樹林里，從而推知劃線詞句“ThousandsofpumpkinsarediscardedinwoodsacrossBritain.(成千上萬的南瓜被discarded在英國各地的樹林里。)”中劃線詞匯意思應(yīng)為“丟棄”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“OneofthemainissuesisthattheleftoveroftheHalloweenpumpkinsareofteneatenbyalreadystrugglinghedgehogs(刺猬).InearlyNovember,hedgehogsarelookingtogainasmuchweightaspossibletosurvivetheirwinterhibernation.(其中一個主要問題是，萬圣節(jié)南瓜的剩余部分經(jīng)常被已經(jīng)在掙扎的刺猬吃掉。在11月初，刺猬會盡可能地增重以度過冬眠期。)”可知，刺猬在11月初吃那么多南瓜是為冬天做準(zhǔn)備。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Moreover,leftoverHalloweenpumpkinscancontaincandlesandplasticdecorationswhichcanalsobefataltowildlifeifmistakenlyeaten.Therottingleftovercanalsoattractlesspopularwildlife,suchasrats,toanarea.AccordingtoTheWoodlandTrust,theadditionalnutrientsinthepumpkinscannegativelyaffectthesoilbalanceaswell.(此外，萬圣節(jié)剩下的南瓜可能含有蠟燭和塑料裝飾品，如果被誤食，對野生動物也是致命的。腐爛的剩菜還會吸引不太受歡迎的野生動物，如老鼠，來到一個區(qū)域。林地信托基金會表示，南瓜中額外的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)也會對土壤平衡產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。)”可知，本段主要對剩余南瓜的不良影響作進(jìn)一步解釋。故選D項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whilewell-meaningpumpkincarversmightthinktheyaredoingthelocalanimalsgroupsakindness,leavingyourleftoverjack-o’-lanterninthewoodlandisactuallydoingmoreharmthangood.(雖然好心的南瓜雕刻者可能認(rèn)為他們是在為當(dāng)?shù)氐膭游锶后w做一件好事，但把你剩下的南瓜燈丟棄到森林里實(shí)際上是弊大于利。)”和最后一段“SowhatshouldyoudowithyourbeautifullycarvedpumpkincreationafterOctober31?Mostexpertsrecommendcomposting(堆肥)ityourselfathomeifyoucan,oraskingifalocalfarmwillacceptitasadonation.Youcouldeventrysomescientificexperimentstoproducemoreenergyfromthethrow-awaywasted.(那么，在10月31日之后，你應(yīng)該如何處理雕刻精美的南瓜呢？大多數(shù)專家建議，如果可以的話，可以自己在家里堆肥，或者詢問當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)場是否接受捐贈。你甚至可以嘗試一些科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，從浪費(fèi)的垃圾中產(chǎn)生更多的能量)”推知，文章建議人們不要把萬圣節(jié)后剩下的南瓜丟棄到樹林里。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。SimpleWaystoRelaxduringtheDayMostpeoplearelivingahectic(繁忙的)lifeinahecticworldtoday.Everythingseemstobe“go,go,go”.Thereislittletimetostopandrelax.Thisisstressfulenough,butifyouaddanadditionalstresssuchasamistakeatworkoryourchildgettingintroubleatschool,thingscanquicklyspiraloutofcontrol._____16_____Takeadeepbreath.Deepbreathingexercisesareoneofthemostrelaxingthingsyoucando.____17____Itisveryhardtoworryaboutsomethingthathappenedinthepastorbeafraidofthefutureifyouarelivinginthepresentmoment._____18_____Youcanstartwithyourforeheadandworkyourwaydowntoyourtoes.Thiswillhelpyourelaxcompletely.Ifyoucombinethisexercisewiththebreathingexerciseyoucanevenstopapanicattackinitstracks.Thisexercisecaneitherbedonesittingdownorwhilelyingdown.Goforawalk._____19_____Doingexercisewillreleaseendorphins,orfeelgoodchemicals,thatmakesyoufeelmoregroundedandcanevenrelievepain.Goingforawalkwhenyouareupsetgivesyoutimetocalmdownaswell.____20____Thiswillgetyourmindoffthethingsthatarebotheringyouandgiveyouachancetorelax.Haveacupofhotdrink.Herbalteaisdeliciousandthewarmingfeelingcantaketheedgeoffeventheworseday.Chooseateathatiscaffeinefreeandhasaflavorthatyoureallyenjoysuchasblueberryorpeppermint.A.Relaxeachmuscleofyourbody.B.Clearyourmindofallthepressure.C.Itcentersyouandbringsyoubackintothemoment.D.Youshouldtaketimetoenjoythesceneryaroundyou.E.Youcantrytogetyourselfmotivatedindifferentways.F.Regularexercisecanrelieveanxietyandhelpyoukeepyourcool.G.Therearewaystogetahandleonstressandrelaxalittleduringtheday.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾種讓你在忙碌生活中放松的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Thisisstressfulenough,butifyouaddanadditionalstresssuchasamistakeatworkoryourchildgettingintroubleatschool,thingscanquicklyspiraloutofcontrol.”（這已經(jīng)足夠讓人緊張了，但如果你再加上額外的壓力，比如工作中的錯誤或你的孩子在學(xué)校惹麻煩，事情就會迅速失控。）引出話題，提到壓力,結(jié)合下文為具體介紹幾種放松的方式。故可推斷空格處內(nèi)容為有幾種可以放松的方法。選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)Therearewaystogetahandleonstressandrelaxalittleduringtheday.（有很多方法可以在白天控制壓力，放松一下。）符合此推斷，起到承上啟下作用，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Deepbreathingexercisesareoneofthemostrelaxingthingsyoucando.”（深呼吸練習(xí)是你能做的最放松的事情之一）可知，深呼吸練習(xí)最能使人放松。由此推知，空處繼續(xù)陳述這樣做的好處。選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)Itcentersyouandbringsyoubackintothemoment.（它集中你的注意力，把你帶回到當(dāng)下。）符合此推斷，選項(xiàng)中的it指代deepbreathing。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】該題為段落小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Youcanstartwithyourforeheadandworkyourwaydowntoyourtoes.Thiswillhelpyourelaxcompletely.IfyoucombinethisexercisewiththebreathingexerciseyoucanevenstopapanicattackinitstracksThisexercisecaneitherbedonesittingdownorwhilelyingdown.”（你可以從額頭開始，一直到腳趾。這將幫助你完全放松。如果你把這個練習(xí)和呼吸練習(xí)結(jié)合起來，你甚至可以阻止恐慌癥的發(fā)作。這個練習(xí)可以坐著做，也可以躺著做。）可知，講的是放松你身體的全部位置。選項(xiàng)A項(xiàng)Relaxeachmuscleofyourbody.（放松身體的每一塊肌肉。）可以總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Doingexercisewillreleaseendorphins,orfeelgoodchemicals,thatmakesyourfeelmoregroundedandcanevenrelievepain.”（做運(yùn)動會釋放內(nèi)啡肽，或讓人感覺良好的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，讓你感覺更踏實(shí)，甚至可以緩解疼痛。）可知，講的是做運(yùn)動。由此推知，空格處內(nèi)容也應(yīng)為做運(yùn)動相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)F項(xiàng)Regularexercisecanrelieveanxietyandhelpyoukeepyourcool.（定期鍛煉可以緩解焦慮，幫助你保持冷靜。）符合此推斷，上下文語意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Goingforawalkwhenyouareupsetgivesyoutimetocalmdownaswell.”（當(dāng)你不開心的時候出去走走也能讓你有時間冷靜下來。）提到出去走走也能讓你有時間冷靜下來。下文“Thiswillgetyourmindoffofthethingsthatarebotheringyouandgiveyouachancetorelax.”（這會讓你忘記那些困擾你的事情，給你一個放松的機(jī)會。）說明出去散步的結(jié)果。由此推知，空格處內(nèi)容為散步時可以做的事情。選項(xiàng)D項(xiàng)Youshouldtaketimetoenjoythesceneryaroundyou.（你應(yīng)該花點(diǎn)時間去欣賞周圍的風(fēng)景。）符合此推斷，與上下文語意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。I’vehadsomeprettyseriousissueswithsomepeopleinmycommunityrecently.Asaresult.Istoppedawayfromthemanddidmybestto___21___them.ButtheemotionsthatIfeltfromthoseeventscontinuedto___22___meanditbegandestroyingtherelationshipsinotherpartsofmylife.Iendedupmakingthe___23___withpeopleIreallycaredabout.Yesterday,Iwas___24___toattendaconferenceofcommunitybecauseofamajorworkevent.1was___25___aboutthiseventfordaysanditwaspretty___26___whenIfirstsawthepeopleI___27___withattheconference.___28___allofthis,thestrangestyetmost___29___thinghappenedtome:therewereno____30____ordramawithanyone.Someofthepeopledidn’tevenknowwhoIwasanditwas____31____thatalotofpeoplehavemovedonfromtheevents.Therewasn’tanythingtoworryaboutanymore.Noonewasholding____32____againstme.Ilookedatthemduringthe____33____andapologizedinmyheadand____34____them.Afterdoingthis,Ifelt____35____inmyself.Throughmyrecentpracticeincompassion,I____36____thatwhenyouforgiveothers,you____37____yourselfaswell.Thisimportant____38____onforgivenesshelpsmeto____39____thingsfromabiggerview.Iknowpeoplestill____40____meduringthattime.Iwishthemthebestlifethattheycanhave.Andthen,Imoveon.21.A.understand B.comfort C.forget D.entertain22.A.disturb B.frighten C.inspire D.amaze23.A.competition B.break C.decision D.difference24.A.promised B.allowed C.persuaded D.forced25.A.anxious B.crazy C.happy D.sorry26.A.exciting B.depressing C.confusing D.embarrassing27.A.quarreled B.competed C.chatted D.combined28.A.Becauseof B.Infavorof C.Inspiteof D.Incaseof29.A.incredible B.wonderful C.important D.popular30.A.instructions B.double C.bargains D.argument31.A.necessary B.impossible C.clear D.strange32.A.sorrow B.surprise C.anger D.silence33.A.convenience B.conference C.performance D.experiments34.A.forgave B.complained C.recalled D.reminded35.A.pride B.peace C.gratitude D.sympathy36.A.realize B.suggest C.insist D.explain37.A.risk B.free C.ignore D.believe38.A.shift B.experience C.lesson D.lecture39.A.serve B.gain C.pay D.see40.A.cheeredfor B.caredabout C.dependedon D.lookedafter【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.A26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.C33.B34.A35.B36.A37.B38.C39.D40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者最近和社區(qū)里的一些人發(fā)生了一些非常嚴(yán)重的問題，導(dǎo)致他