PeriodoneWarmingupTeachingaims:Toknowthecharactersofplay,esp.thetypeofitslanguage.Toknowthebackgroundoftheplay.Teachingprocedures:Hello,everyone!Thisclass,wearegoingtoanewunit.Inthisclass,wewilllearnlotsofinformationaboutMarkTwainandhisworks.MarkTwainisprobablyoneofthefewAmericanwriterswithwhomyourstudentsarealreadyfamiliar.Thisexerciseallowsyoutodiscoverjusthowmuchyourstudentsrememberaboutthis19thcenturywriter.Step1.ReadandanswerMarkTwainwasborninFloridaonNovember30th,1835.HewasbroughtupinHannibal,Missouri,alongtheMississippiRiver.Heisbestknowforhisnovelssetinhisboyhoodworldontheriver,suchasTheAdventuresofTomSawyerandTheadventuresofHuckleberryFinn.Twainlovedtheriversomuchthatevenhispennameisbouttheriver.“Twain”isanoldwordfor“two”.Thephrase“marktwain”meansthatthewateristwofathomsdeep.Theauthor,srealnamewasSamuelLanghorneClemens.Now,closeyourbooksandanswerthefollowingquestions.WhatwastherealnameofMarkTwain?Whatcenturywasheborn?Whatwashisjob?Alongwhichriveraresomeofhismostfamousnovelsset?WhatdoesMarkTwainmean?Canyounameoneofhisfamousnovels?Didhewriteplaysaswellasnovelsandshortstories?Canyounameoneofhisshortsotries?Step2.SharingAskSsiftheyknowanyofMarkTwain,snovels.Iftheyknow,letthemtelltheotherstheplotbriefly.Ifnot,tellthembriefly.SummaryoftheadventuresofTomSawyerThisisastoryaboutayoungboynamedTomSawyerwhoisverymischievousandlikesogoonadventures.HeliveswithhisAuntPollyandhishalfbrotherSid.TomalsohadtwofriendsnamedJoeHarperandHuckleberryFinn.BechyThatcherisTom'sgirlfriendandInjunJoeisthetown,sthiefandmurderer.Thisstorytakesplaceinthemid-1800sinasmallvillageinMissourialongtheMississippiRiver.SummaryoftheadventuresofHuckleberryFinnBeforethenovelbegins,HuckFinnhasledalifeofabsolutefreedom.HisparentsareeitherdeadorabsentandsoHuckisnotusedtofollowinganyrules.Themostimportantpartofhischaracterishisdesiretosaveablackslave,Jim,andfreehimfromslavery.HerunsawaywithJimwhomheseesasapersonandnotproperty.TheyescapedowntherivergivingHuckleberrytimetothinkofthebestthingtodo.Step3.Homework:TrytoreadoneofMarkTwain,sworkandshareitwithyourpartner.PeriodtwoReadingTeachingprocedures:Step1.Pre-readingDiscussthequestionwithyourpartnersandthenreportyourwork.Encouragetoexpressyouropinionsfreely.Ifarichpersongivesyoualargeamountofmoneytouseasyoulike,forexample,onemillionpound,whatwillyoudowithit?Why?(Haveadiscussiononthisquestion.Whateverchoicestudentsmakehere,theyshouldbereadytooffertheirclassmatesagoodreasonforit.)Haveyouevermadeabetwithyourfriend?Ifso,whatdidyoubeton?Howdidyoufeelaboutthebetafteritwaswonorlost?Haveyoueverreadthestory“TheMillionPoundBank-Note”?Haveyouseenthemovie?Ifso,whatdidyouthinkofit?DoyouwanttoknowwhathappenedtoHenryAdamsinTHEMILLIONPOUNDBANK-NOTEwrittenbyMarkTwain?Haveyoueverreadthestory?Sothisclasswewilllearnthestorytogether.Step2.Reading1.LanguagepointsDiscusssomeimportantsentencesandphrasesinthepassage.betn.agreementtoriskmoney,etconaneventofwhichtheresultisdoubtful賭博makeabet打賭Let,smakeabetonthenextelection咱們賭下次大選好嗎？haveabet打賭win/loseabet打賭贏/輸了accept/takeupabet⑵Themoney,etcriskedinthisway(金錢等)賭注v.①risk(money)onaraceorsomeothereventofwhichtheresultisdoubtful打賭，賭博Mrs.Blackspentallhermoneybettingonhorses.布萊克夫人把她所有的錢都花在了賭馬上。②Ibet =(informal)I,mcertain 我肯定...Ibethe,sgonetoswimminghelovesit.我敢肯定他去游泳了，他喜愛這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。permit(v.)(1)permitsbtodosth.二allowsbtodosth.允許Hermotherwouldnotpermithertocomebacklate.她的媽媽是不會(huì)允許她晚歸的。Permitmetoexplainit.容我解釋一下。permitsth:allowsth.toexist,happen,ortobedone(veryformal)許可、容許(某事物)存在、發(fā)生或被(某人)做(非常正式)Wedon,tpermitsmokingintheoffice.在我們的辦公室里不準(zhǔn)吸煙。Theprisonerswerepermittedtwohours,outdoorexerciseaday.犯人每天允許有兩個(gè)小時(shí)的戶外活動(dòng)。incredible(adj.)=unbelievable:incredibletaletoagreatdegree;extremelyorunusually極端地；異乎尋常地。incrediblyhotweather極熱的天氣inawaythatisdifficulttobelieve;amazingly 難以置信；驚人地Incredibly,noonehadeverthoughtofsuchasimpleideabefore.真是難以置信，這樣簡(jiǎn)單的主意竟沒有人想到。gohead:becarriedout;takeplace 執(zhí)行，進(jìn)行，舉行(1)Despitethebadweather,thejourneywillgoahead.盡管天氣不好，旅行將照常進(jìn)行。(2)Thebuildingofthenewbridgewillgoaheadasplanned.新橋的修建將按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行。mattern.&vn.affair,topicorsituationbeingconsidered事情；問題；情況Idon,tdiscussprivatematterswithmycolleagues.我不和同事談私事。Wehaveseveralimportantmatterstodealwithatournextmeeting.下次會(huì)議我們有幾件重要的事情要處理。(2)n.<u>physicalsubstanceorthingsofaspecifiedkind物質(zhì)，材料，物品Theuniverseiscomposedofmatter.宇宙是由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的。(3)v.beimportant關(guān)系重大，要緊Whatdoesitmatterwhetherhecomesorgoes?他來也好去也好，那有什么關(guān)系呢？Itdoesn,tmattertomewhatyoudo.你做什么我都無所謂。6.starev.(1)lookatsb./sth.withtheeyeswideopeninafixedgaze瞪著眼睛凝視It,srudetostare.盯著人看是沒有禮貌的Theyallstaredinamazement.他們都驚訝得瞪大了眼睛。bewideopenwithafixedgaze睜大眼睛注視Hegazedatthescenewithstaringeyes.他瞪著眼睛注視著這場(chǎng)面。⑶oaspecifiedcondition 瞪著某人使其做出某種反應(yīng)Shestaredhimintosilence.她把他瞪得不吭聲了。她凝視著遠(yuǎn)方。Sheisstaringintothedistance.我看了可是看不清楚。Ilookedbutcouldn,tseeitclear.7.spotn.&v.(1)n.smallmarkdifferentincolor,texture斑點(diǎn)豹和虎哪一個(gè)身上有斑點(diǎn)？Whichhasspots,theleopardorthetiger?(2)drop滴下了幾滴雨，你感覺到了嗎？Didyoufeelafewspotsofrain?(3)v.pickout,catchsightof,recognize,discover找出，認(rèn)出，發(fā)覺杰克最終找到了他想要的襯衫。Jackfinallyspottedjusttheshirthewanted.我看不出兩者的區(qū)別。Ican,tspotthedifferencebetweenthem.passagen.(1)<u>processofpassing/freedomorrighttogothrough通行機(jī)動(dòng)車禁止通行。Thepassageofmotorvehiclesisforbidden.他們被禁止穿越占領(lǐng)區(qū)。Theyweredeniedpassagethroughtheoccupiedterritory.accountfor:betheexplanationofsth.;explainthecauseofsth.做某事的解釋；解釋某事物的原因。他因病缺席。Hisillnessaccountsforhisabsence.請(qǐng)你對(duì)自己的行為作出解釋。Pleaseaccountforyourownconduct.appearancen.arrival出現(xiàn)，來到警察突然出現(xiàn)，小偷就逃跑了。Thesuddenappearanceofapolicemancausedthethieftorunaway.⑵外貌，外表勿以貌取人——外貌不可靠。Don,tjudgebyappearances——appearancescanbemisleading.byaccident=bychance偶然地，意外地我只是碰巧找到的。Ionlyfounditbyaccident.tobehonest=totellyouthetruth=honestlyspeakingtobefrank=franklyspeaking坦率地說我認(rèn)為我們?nèi)俚目赡苄圆淮?。TobehonestIdon,tthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.Listentothetapeofthetext.Payattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentenceandtrytofindoutthecharacteristicsofthewholepassageandthensomequestions.WhathappenedtoHenry?WhatdothebrotherschooseHenryfor?(Answers:1.Hewasgivenaletterbythetwobrothersandwasaskednottoopenituntiltwoo,clock.2.TheywantedtomakeabetonHenry.)Scanning,Readandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Accordingtothescenes,answerthefollowingquestions.WheredoesHenryAdamscomefrom?DoesheknowmuchaboutLondon?WhatdidhedoinAmerica?⑷WhydidhelandinBritain?(Answers:1.HenrycomesfromSanFrancisco.2.No,hedoesn,tknowLondonatall.3.Heworkedforaminingcompany.4.HewassailingoutthebaywhenhewascarriedouttoseabyastrongwindandwassurvivedbyashipforLondon.)DiscussionDivideuptheclassintogroupsoffourtodiscusswhatkindofpersontheythinktheircharacteris.NameCharacterEvidenceHenryAdamsproundhonestcarelessPaysforhispassagebyworkingasanunpaidsailorheasksforworknotcharityHedidnotsailhisboatwellandmighthavediediftheshiphadnotseenhimOliverand1.richServantsandahouse

RodericktrustingmischievousgoodjudgeofcharacterGiveastrangeramillionpoundbanknotewithoutanycheckorguaranteepreparedtobetonsomuchmoneyjustforfuntheycantellbyhisfacethatHenryishonest⑵ThestyleoftheplayInthisplay,HenryspeaksAmericanEnglish.TheothercharactersallspeakBritishEnglish.Theirchoiceofwords,isformalbytoday,sstandards.Sodrawstudents,attentionto:Henry,sEnglishstylewhichshowsheisAmerican("Gorightahead”,“I'daboutgivenmyselfupforlost”).Thebrothers,useofEnglishthatshowstheyareBritish(“Wouldyoustepinsideplease”,“Iwonderifyou,dmindusaskingafewquestions”).Step3.ComprehendingPolitelanguageSimplealternatives1Wouldyoustepinsideamoment,Comein,pleaseplease?2Goodmorning,sir,wouldyoupleaseHello.Pleasecomeein?3Permitmetoleadtheway,sir.Letmeshowyoutheway4Howdoyoudo,Mr…er…？HelloMr…5Iwonder,MrAdams,ifyou'dmind…MrAdams,isitOKif…6Mayweaskwhatyou,redoinginthiscountry…？WhyareyouinEngland?7Nowifyou,llexcusemeI,ll…Pleaseexcuseme.Step4.Homework:Reviewthenewwordsandthekeysentencesinthispart.Previewthewordsinthesecondperiod.PeriodthreeGrammar

Step1.RevisionCheckthestudents,homework.Asksomeofthestudentstoretellthetext.Step2.UsefulwordsandexpressionsFinishEx.1onPage19AlternativewordsandexpressionsWordsandexpressionsfromthetextsomeonepaidtodohouseworkunbelievableearlyeveningthecostofajourneyonashipinawaynotplannedlookat..foralongtimebethereasonforallowstoryapieceofpaperusedasmoneywillingnesstowaitfoolishthewaysomeonelookstotellyouthetruth(2)Finishtheexercises2-3onpage20Step3.Grammar結(jié)構(gòu)形式：Nounclausesastheobjectandpredicative名詞性從句 賓語從句表語從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此，名詞性從句可分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。（1）賓語從句賓語從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語作用，可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可以作介詞的賓語。引導(dǎo)賓語從句詞有：連詞that,if,whether；連接代詞who，whose，what，which；連接副詞when，where，how，why等。TheObjectClausee.g.1)Ithink(that)womencanreachveryhighachievementsinmanyfieldsofscience.Iwonderwhether/ifsherememberedhowmanybabiesshehaddelivered.Doyouknowwho/whomJackwasspeakingto?Heaskedwhosecaritwas.Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid.Pleasetellmewhentheearthquaketookplace.WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?做動(dòng)詞的賓語(1)大部分賓語從句直接跟在動(dòng)詞后：e.g.Hedoesn'tknowwherethepostofficeis.(2)有些賓語從句前要有間接賓語：e.g.HetoldmewhatIshouldread.(3)如果賓語從句后面有賓語補(bǔ)足語，要使用形式賓語it而將從句放到補(bǔ)足語后面；e.g.Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme.我覺得奇怪：他沒給我打電話。⑷在think,believe,suppose,expect等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語從句中，如果從句謂語是否定含義，則不用否定形式，而將主句謂語動(dòng)詞think等變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问?；e.g.Idon,tthinkyouareright.我想你是不對(duì)的。在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等動(dòng)詞以及I,mafraid等后，可用so代替一個(gè)肯定的賓語從句，還可用not代替一個(gè)否定的賓語從句：e.g.一Doyoubelieveitwillclearup?你認(rèn)為天氣會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)晴嗎？一Ibelieveso.我認(rèn)為會(huì)這樣。Idon'tbelieveso.(或Ibelievenot.)我認(rèn)為不會(huì)這樣。做介詞的賓語一般情況下，賓語從句直接跟在謂語后；e.g.Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework?that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句只有在except,in,but,besides等少數(shù)介詞后偶爾可能用到；e.g.Yourarticleisallrightexceptthatitistoolong.有時(shí)在介詞和其賓語從句的中間加形式賓語it;e.g.I’llseetoitthateverythingisready.(2)表語從句在從句中作表語的從句稱作表語從句。that引導(dǎo)的表語從句that僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對(duì)主句主語的內(nèi)容起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。e.g.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinfourwilldiefromsmoking.whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句連接詞whether起連接作用，意為“是否、究竟、到底”(注意：if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句)在句中也不作任何成分。e.g.Thequestioniswhetherwhatmanwillturnupintime.what,which,who,whom,whose引導(dǎo)的表語從句連接代詞what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中從當(dāng)主語、表語、定語，且各有各的詞義。e.g.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldcomefirst.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.Theimportantthingiswhosenameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.where,when,why,how引導(dǎo)的表語從句連接副詞where,when,why,how除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因狀語，本身具有詞義。e.g.That,swhereIcan,tagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.其他連詞asif,because,as,asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句because引導(dǎo)表語從句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause...”結(jié)構(gòu)中。asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句常置于連系動(dòng)詞look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虛擬語氣，表示不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.Myangerisbecauseyouhaven,twrittentomeforalongtime.Step4.UsefulStructuresandgrammarexercisesConsolidationexercises.Goandgetyourcoat.It'syouleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere.Theproblemishehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that.Hemadeapromisehewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.whichrememberthisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.whattisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverKeys:BBCBB高考鏈接Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?Oh,that's.（2003北京春季）whatmakesmefeelexcitedwhateverIfeelexcitedabouthowIfeelaboutitwhenIfeelexcited解析：這是由what引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)表語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，這句話的意思為:那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為A。2.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?（NMET1999）A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where解析:這是一個(gè)由why引導(dǎo)的表語從句，表示原因.這句話的意思是"這就是你離開的原因嗎?”。故答案為A。Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’sittakestodoanythingwell.（2002上海春季）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why解析:what在表語從句中作takes的賓語，構(gòu)成"Ittakessth.todosth."的句型。答案為A。Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlyhewants.（2002上海春季）A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that解析:這是一個(gè)賓語從句,wants后面缺少賓語,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句諺語,意思是"永遠(yuǎn)給予他人他確實(shí)想要的東西"。故答案為A。Step5.Homework:FinishtheUsingStructuresonpage57.PeriodfOurLearningaboutlanguageStep1.RevisionChecktheSs’homework.Reviewwhatwe,velearnedaboutthenounclauses.Step2.Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions.Findthecorrectwordforeachofthefollowingmeanings. mistaketoallowsomethingtohappensomeonewhowritesbookstotrytofindorgetsomethingathinpapercoverforalettertheplacewheresomeonewasbornamanwhoworksinabusinessunusual,excitingordangerousexperienceabilitytowaitforalongtimeortoaccepttroublewithoutgettingangrypartofaplayduringwhichthereisnochangeintimeorplacepathatthesideofaroadforpeopletowalkonalongwrittenstoryinwhichthecharactersandeventsarenotusuallyreal(1.fault2.permit3.author4.seek5.envelope6.birthplace7.businessman8.adventure9.patience10.scene11.pavement12.novel)Step3.Discoveringusefulstructures.Step4.Homework:Rememberthekeysentencesonthenounclausesastheobjectandpredicative.Previewthenextperiod.PeriodfiveUsinglanguageStep1.RevisionReviewthebriefgrammarinthisunit.Step2.Reading,actingandspeakingLetthestudentsgetintogroupsofsix.Fivestudentswilltakethepartsintheplay.Theywillreadtheirspeechesandtrytomaketheirlanguagesoundauthentic.Thesixthpersonordirectorwilldecidehowtheactingwilltakeplaceinthescene.He/shewillalsoguidethe