合肥市2019年高三第一次教學質(zhì)量檢測

英語試題（考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。APanamaCity,PanamaForbeachvacationsthatgetyououtoftownandinviteyouandyourfamilytodiveintoculture，consideratriptoPanamaCity.Here，youwillenjoybeachesandcityexploring.BookyourstayattheWestinPlayaBonita,whereyoucanbookaroomstartingat$222anight.Therearevariousprograms，includingbeachOlympics,stargazing（天體觀察）andSpanishlessons.Jupiter,FloridaThisplaceoffersyouqualitytimeyoucanspendwithyourlovedones.BookyourstayatJupiterBeachResort&Spa,withratesforafamilyoffourstartingat$207anight.Here,youcanshootbasketsatthebasketballcourts，takeadipinthepoolorteachyourchildrenbeachyoga.SanDiego，CaliforniaTheWestCoastisagreatspotforcheapbeachvacations,sotellyourfamilytopacktheirbagsforavisittoSanDiego.Acheap$10UberridefromtheairportwillhaveyoupullinguptheKonaKaiResort&Spa.Here，afamilyoffourcanstayinaDeluxeGuestRoomstartingat$159pernight.Yourkidscanpracticecannonballsatthepoolafteravisittotheworld-famousSanDiegoZoo.KiheiMaui,HawaiiForWestCoasterswhoaregrowingboredwiththeirbackyard,flytotheislandsofHawaii.StayattheAstonattheMauiBanyan,withachargeof$179anightforafamilyoffour.Hereyou'llwitnesssomeofthebestsunsetsofyourlifewhileyourkidssplash（戲水）inthePacific,Andifyou'resetoncookingafancymeal,you'llenjoysuitesthatcomewithafullkitchen.Whichofthefollowingchargesyouleastanight?TheAstonattheMauiBanyan.TheWestinPlayaBonita.TheKonaKaiResort&Spa.JupiterBeachResort&Spa.WhatcanyoudoattheAstonattheMauiBanyan?Admirebeautifulsunsets.Visitaworld-famouszoo.Observefantasticstars.Playsomebeachsports.Whatisthecommonfeatureofthefourdestinations?Theyallofferroomswithafullkitchen.Theyareallintendedforfamilytrips.Theyallpickupvisitorsfromtheairport.Theyallprovidebikeridingonthebeach.BCreatedin1998byCaseyandShelleyBlack,theNorthernLightsWildlifeWolfCenterfocusesonnotonlyrescuingyoungabandonedwolvesbuteducatingthepublic.Unlikeothercenters,youcanactuallywalkwiththewolvesandhaveexciting,hands-oninteractionwiththemhere.Andso,wegatheredonelatewintermorningtolearn,prepareandwalk.ScrappyandFlora,ourwolvesthatday,werebroughttothecenterwhenonlyafewdaysold.“Theylivedinthehousewithusforthefirstseveralmonths.Wetreatedthemlikehumanbabies,fedthemandsleptwiththem,”saidShelley.So,theyaretotallyusedtopeople.However,thesearewildanimals.Forthatreason,ShelleyandCaseyexplained,thewalkistotallyonthewolf’sterms.“Wedon’tapproachthem,butiftheycomeuptous,wecantouchthem.”Withallthisinmind,weheadedforthewoods.Wewerewalkingonaloggingroadwhensuddenly,Flora,all60poundsofher,hurrieduptomeandraiseduponherlegs.Shewasalmostastallasme.Assheleanedin,putherhugemuddypawsonmyshouldersandsniffedmyface,apparentlyshewassayinghelloinwolftalk.Wewalkedfarther,maybehalfamile,whileScrappyandFloradashedinandoutofthewoodsstoppingtooccasionallyrollinthesnow,digforthisorthatandjustplay.Thenweallheadedintothetreestoapicturesquestreamwherethewolvessplashed,drankandhadagreattime.Onecouldpointoutthatthiswholeadventurewasstagedandquiteartificial.Butthepurpose,CaseyandShelleysaid,istoexplainthewolves'placeintheenvironmentand,primarily,toletpeopleknowwolvesdon'thavetobeuniversallyfeared—theyreallydon'thidesecretlyinthewoodsjustwaitingtoeatpeople,butthey'dratheravoidpeople,forthemostpart.HowistheNorthernLightsWildlifeWolfCenterdifferentfromothers?Ittrainsandeducateswildwolves.Itaimstorescueyoungabandonedwolves.Itraiseswolvesforcommercialpurposes.Itallowsvisitorstotakeawalkwithwolves.WhatcanbeinferredfromShelleyandCasey'sexplanationinParagraph2?Thewalkcanbepotentiallydangerous.Thewolveshavelostalltheirwildness.Peopleshouldgetclosetothewolvesactively.Thewolvescanreadpeople'smindlikehumanbabies.WhydidFlorabehavelikethatwhenshesawtheauthorontheloggingroad?Toexpresscuriosity.Toshowfriendliness.Toattractattention.Toseekcompanionship.WhydoCaseyandShelleyorganizesuchanadventure?Toadvertisethecenter.Topublicizewolfhunting.Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.Toclarifysomeconventionalviewsofwolves.CHaveyoueverheardofagritourismwhereyoucanexperiencefarmlife?Ifnot,Dr.CindyAyers-ElliottwilltellyoutherealstoryofFootPrintFarms.TheoriginalconceptofbuildingFootPrintFarmswassimple.WhenAyers-Elliottreturnedtoherhometownaftergraduation,shedidn'thavetolookanyfurtherthanherstate'salarminghealthstatisticstofindamission.Everywheresheturned,therewerereportsofhighbloodpressure,diabetes,obesityandheartdisease.“Theproblemwasalreadyidentified."explainsAyers-Elliott.“ToomanyMississippianswereseriouslyunhealthyanditdidn'ttakeresearchtoseethat.Andmanyofthestate'sgreatesthealthchallengescoulddirectlyresultfrompoordiet.”Thesedays,FootPrintFarms,whichstartedwithafewraisedbedsofherbsandvegetables,ismakingfresh,naturallygrownfood."Whenspeakingofthekeytomysuccess,theco-opmodelworksbecausewesharetheworkandrewards,”notesAyers-Elliott."AperfectexampleistheWingfieldHighSchoolfootballteam.Toearnthemoneyforequipmentandotheritems,playerscommittedtoworkingfivehoursaweekonthefarm,andbytheendofthesummertheyhadproduced1,000melonsandtheprofitsfromtheirsaleshelpedtobuyweights,T-shirts,sweatsuitsandpregamemeals.Butthelessonstheylearnedabouttherewardsofhardworkandworkingtogethertoaccomplishsomethingwereevenmorevaluableproductsoftheirefforts.”"It'samodelthatcaneasilybelearnedinotherplacesandI'mlookingforwardtoseeingsomeofourcurrentpartnersdojustthat totakewhattheyhavelearnedhereandspinitoffinothercommunities,"Ayers-Elliottremarks.Sheisnowlookingforwardtodevelopinganagritourismaspecttothefarm,wherevisitorscanexperiencefarmlife,learnnewskillsandtakewiththemseedsofinspirationtheycansowintheirowncommunitieswhentheyreturnhome.WhatmadeAyers-ElliottsetupFootPrintFarms?Theproblemsfacedbylocalfarmers.Herfurtherresearchintoheartdisease.Thefailureofhercareeraftergraduation.Thehealthstateofpeopleinherhometown.Whydoestheauthortakethefootballteamasanexample?Toadvocatetheconceptofindependence.Tostresstheimportanceofteamwork.Tosupporttheideaofco-opmodel.Toexplorethekeytosuccess.WhatisAyers-Elliott'sattitudetowardsthefutureofFootPrintFarms?A.Optimistic.B.Skeptical.C.Cautious.D.Ambiguous.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?Naturallygrownfoodbenefitspeople'shealth.FoodPrintFarmsismakingadifferenceinMississippi.Ayers-ElliottencouragespeopletoexperiencefarmAgritourismisbecomingincreasinglypopularinAmerica.WecanvideochatwithastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStationandwatchlivefootagefromthefrozenheightsofEverest.Butcommunicatingwithasubmarine（潛艇）oradiverisnotsoeasy.Thelackofpracticalmethodsforsharingdatabetweenunderwaterandairbornedeviceshaslongbeenafrustrationforscientists.Thedifficultystemsfromthefactthatradiosignalsworkperfectlyinairtravelbutpoorlyinwater.Sonar（聲吶）signalsusedbyunderwatersensorsreflectoffthesurfaceofthewaterratherthanreachingtheair.Now,researchersatMIThavedevelopedamethodwiththepotentialtorevolutionizeunderwatercommunication.“Whatwe’veshownisthatit’sactuallyfeasibletocommunicatefromunderwatertotheair,"saysFadelAdib,aprofessoratMJT'sMediaLab,wholedtheresearch.TheMITresearchersdesignedasystemthatusesanunderwatermachinetosendsonarsignalstothesurface,makingvibrations（震動）correspondingtothelsandOsofthedata.Asurfacereceiverthenreadsanddecodesthesetinyvibrations.TheresearcherscallthesystemTARF.Ithasanynumberofpotentialreal-worlduses,Adibsays.Itcouldbeusedtofinddownedplanesunderwaterbyreadingsignalsfromsonardevicesinaplane'sblackboxanditcouldallowsubmarinestocommunicatewiththesurface.Rightnowthetechnologyislow-resolution.TheinitialstudywasconductedintheMITswimmingpoolatmaximumdepthsofaround11or12feet.ThenextstepsfortheresearchersaretoseeifTARFisworkableatmuchgreaterdepthsandundervaryingconditions——highwaves,storms,schoolsoffish.Theyalsowanttoseeiftheycanmakethetechnologyworkintheotherdirection——airtowater.Ifthetechnologyprovessuccessfulinreal-worldconditions,expect“textingwhilediving”tobethelatestunderwaterfashion.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph1?Thefutureofvideochatunderwaterandinair.Thefrustrationsofdevelopingunderwaterdevices.Thedifficultyofcommunicationfromwatertoair.Thecurrentsituationofcommunicatingwithasubmarine.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feasible”mean?A.Achievable.B.Convenient.C.Changeable.D.Alternative.WhatdoweknowaboutTARF?Itiswidelyusedtofinddownedplanes.Itcanworkwellatgreatdepthsunderwater.Itisanunderwatermachinethatsendssignals.Itcansend,receiveandreadsignalsfromunderwater.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?TheReal-worldUsesofSonarTechnologyFullWater-to-airCommunicationClosertoRealityABreakthroughintheApplicationofVideoChatTARFBecomingaNewMeansofCommunication第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ApologizingtheRightWaytoaFriendWhyareapologiessodifficult?Sayingyouaresorrycanbeoneofthemostdifficultthingsyoudo.Butweallmakemistakes,soyou'llprobablyhaveanoccasionwhenyouneedtoapologize.Perhapsyouhadabigblowupandrealizedlateryoureactedpoorly.36Whateverthereason，apologizingcanhelpyoubothhealandmoveonfromthesituation.37First,youacknowledgethatyoudidsomethingwrong.Withanapology，youtakeresponsibilityforyouractions，whichallowsyourfriendtoforgiveyou.Second，anapologygivesyousincerityasafriend.38，butthatdoesn'tmeanyoustillshouldn'tapologize.Now,whatareelementsofaproperapology?39，dependingonwhattheoffensewas，whereitwasdone,andwhoyouareapologizingto.Ingeneral,agoodapologyshouldincludethefollowing：arequestfortheirattention，anacknowledgmentofwhathappened，sincerityinadmittingyoudidsomethingwrongandthewords."I'msorry"or"Iapologize."Herearethingsnevertosaywhenapologizing.Notethattheartofapologizinginvolvestakingresponsibility.Neverapologizeasawayto“shutsomeoneup”whentheyaresayingyouhurttheirfeelingsandyoudon'tthinkyoudid.40,youshouldtalkthingsthroughwithyourfrienduntilyouseewhytheyarehurtorhowyoucameacross.You'llreallyneedtoself-reflectsoyoucanseethingsfromyourfriend'spointofview.WhenyoumakeyourapologyinpersonIfyoureallybelieveyoudidnothingwrongApologiesbenefitfriendshipsinavarietyofwaysThewayyouapologizeisgoingtobeslightlydifferentOrmaybeyoujustdidn'tshowsupportwhenyouneededtoApologizingtherightway,however,maytakealittlepracticeSometimesourpalsforgiveuseasilyfortheminorthingswedowrong第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。GreenbergwasaluckyguytoenterColumbiaUniversityonfullscholarship.Butjustbeforejunioryear，Greenberg's41changed.Onedayhisvision“42up”andlaterhewasdiagnosed（診斷）withglaucoma（青光眼）.ThendoctorsoperatedonGreenberg'seyes.43，thesurgerydidn'twork.Greenbergwasgoingblind.Hewasso44thatherefusedtoseeanyone.AsGreenberg'sbestfriend，ArthurpersuadedGreenbergtogobacktoColumbiaand45tobehisreader.Arthurread46tohimeveryday,takingtimeoutfromhisownstudy,andGreenberg47scoringstraightA’s.Still,hewas48aboutgettingaroundaloneandreliedonhisfriend.Then,oneafternoon,GreenbergandArthurwenttoMidtownManhattan.Whenitwastimetogobacktocampus,Arthursaidhecouldn’t49himbecauseofanappointment.Greenberg50Theyargued，andArthurwalkedoff，51GreenbergaloneinGrandCentralTerminal.Greenberg，whowascompletely52，stumbled（蹣珊）throughtherush-hourcrowd.HetookashuttletrainwesttoTimesSquare，andthentransferredtoanuptowntrain.Fourmileslater,he53attheColumbiaUniversitystop.Attheuniversity'sgates,someone54him.“Oops,excuseme，sir.”Greenberg55thevoice.ItwasArthur's.Greenberg'sfirstreactionwas56，butinthenextsecond,herealizedwhathehadjust57—andrealized，too，whohadmadeitpossible.58，Arthurhadbeenwithhimthewholeway,usingoneofthemost59strategies.Blindnessdoesn'tmakeGreenbergfailtoappreciatethe60oflife.Healwayssaysheistheluckiestmanintheworld.A.faithB.attitudeC.fortuneD.reputationA.litB.steamedC.clearedD.cheeredA.OtherwiseB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.HoweverA.shyB.desperateC.selfishD.nervousA.offeredB.pretendedC.happenedD.learnedA.lettersB.newspapersC.textbooksD.magazinesA.endedupB.carriedonC.imaginedD.consideredA.curiousB.confidentC.excitedD.tentativeA.abandonB.rescueC.comfortD.accompanyA.compromisedB.panickedC.explainedD.apologizedA.leavingB.findingC.consultingD.servingA.tiredB.amusedC.confusedD.satisfiedA.gotoffB.pulledoverC.lookedaroundD.ranawayA.turnedtoB.shoutedatC.knockedintoD.quarreledwithA.raisedB.lostC.controlledD.recognizedA.angerB.pleasureC.reliefD.sorrowA.missedB.questionedC.ignoredD.achievedA.GraduallyB.FinallyC.ObviouslyD.StrangelyA.brilliantB.familiarC.defensiveD.complexA.magicB.beautyC.wisdomD.truth第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThemakeupofBritishfamilieshaschanged61(rapid)overthelasttwohundredyears.Thetraditionalfamilystructure(結(jié)構(gòu))beforetheIndustrialRevolutionwastheextendedfamilyin62threegenerationslivedunderoneroof.Theearlytwentiethcenturysawthe63(grow)ofthenuclearfamily—parentsandasmallnumberof64(child)wouldformasinglefamily.Inthelastthirtyyears,however,theUK_65_(see)abreakdownofthetypicalnuclearfamily.Increaseddivorcerates,latermarriageandamoveawayfrommarriagealtogetherhaveresulted66newformsoffamily；divorcedparentswilldevelopnewrelationshipsandtaketheirkidswiththem.Asurvey67(conduct)byresearchersshowsthatover50%ofkidsarenowborntoparentswhoarenotmarried.Someminoritycommunitiessticktotheextendedfamilystructure,anditiscommon68(find)thatthreegenerationsarelivingtogetherinanIndianfamily.Theysaythatapartfromstrengtheningtraditionalfamilyties,69canprovidesecurityforolderpeoplewhentheycannotworkanymore.Theybelievethatthephenomenonofotheroldpeoplelivingincarehomes70（indicate）thatmanyoldpeopleinthewidercommunityareabandonedintheiroldage.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（’），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。LastmonthourclassorganizedahikingalongtheChaobaiRiver，whichrunthroughHebei，BeijingandTianjin.Muchtomydisappoint,Ifoundtheriverwasseriouspolluted.Atthatmoment