1．reducevt. 減少；縮減2．likelyadj. 可能的3．recognisevt. 認(rèn)識；認(rèn)知；認(rèn)出4．dangern．危險→dangerousadj.危險的→endangervt.使遭受危險，危及5．treatmentn．治療→treatv．治療；對待6．crimen．罪行；犯罪行為→criminaln．罪犯7．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；對……有壞影響→effectn．影響8．illegaladj.違法的；不合法的→legaladj.合法的9．connectionn．聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；關(guān)聯(lián)→connectv．聯(lián)系10．powerfuladj.有力的；(藥等)有功效的→powern．權(quán)力11．disagreevi.不同意；意見不合→disagreementn．不同意；爭執(zhí)12．a(chǎn)ddictiveadj.(藥物等)上癮的→addictn．對(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子→addictedadj.上癮的；成癮的→addictionn．癮；入迷；嗜好13．drugn. 毒品；藥品14．cancern. 癌癥15．injectvt. 注射16．needlen. (注射用的)針；針管__17．burglaryn. 盜竊；竊案；盜竊罪18．a(chǎn)dultn. 成人19．banvt. 禁止20．nearbyadj. 附近的21．horribleadj. 令人不快的；極討厭的22．participantn. 參與者；參加者23．distractionn. 分心；分散注意力24．leafletn. 傳單；印刷品25．joggingn. 慢跑26．gymnasticadj. 體操的[用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空]1．HedrovesofastthatIreallyfeltmylifewasindanger．SoItoldhimdrivingfastwasdangerousandifhedidn’tslowdown，hewouldendangerourlives.(danger)2．Playingcomputergamescanbeadangerousaddiction.Itoftenstartsasahobby，butitissoaddictivethatmanyyoungpeopleareaddictedtoit.Sometimestheaddictswillbreakthelawinordertoplaythesegames.(addict)3．Faginandhisgroupofcriminalsfindhimanddraghimbackintothelifeofcrime．(crime)1．related__to 有關(guān)系的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的2．break__into 破門而入；強行闖入3．belong__to 屬于4．become__addicted__to 對……上癮；沉迷于5．take__one’s__advice 聽某人的意見6．in__order__to/so__as__to 為了……7．give__up 戒除；放棄[選用上面的短語填空]1．(2018·魯西北名校調(diào)研)ThemomentIgothome,Ifoundmyhousebroken__intoandrobbed.2．Nomatterhowharditis,themotherwillnevergive__upthehopetotreattheillnessofthetwins.3．ThemountainvillageIvisitedlastweekismadeupof30familiesbelonging__tofivenationalities.4．Manypeopleintheareadiedfromaccidentsrelated__todrinkingalcohol.5．Thereareanincreasingnumberofteenagerswhoare__addicted__tocigarettes.eq\a\vs4\al()后綴-ful形容詞大觀園①powerful 強有力的②harmful 有害的③useful 有用的④helpful 有幫助的⑤hopeful 有希望的⑥successful 成功的⑦careful 細(xì)心的⑧fruitful 碩果累累的-ible結(jié)尾形容詞一覽①horrible 令人不快的②terrible 可怕的③accessible 易接近的④sensible 明智的⑤flexible 易彎曲的⑥digestible 可消化的“目的”表達大全①inorderto/soasto 為了……②inorderthat/sothat 為了，以便③for/withthepurposeof 為了，目的是……④withtheaimof 目的是……1．現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語NowIworkinacentrefordrugaddicts，helpingotherstostoptakingdrugs.2．such/so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”Somepeoplefeelsonervousthattheycallthepolice.3．“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級Icouldn’tagreemore.4．whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Whateveryou’redoingwhenyouwanttosmoke—dosomethingelse![句式仿寫]1．無論遇到什么樣的困難，他都要繼續(xù)推行他的計劃。Whatever__difficulties__he__may__meet__with,__hewillcarryonhisplan.2．——你覺得這部新電影怎么樣？——就我個人而言，再好不過了?！猈hatdoyouthinkofthenewmovie?—AsfarasI’mconcerned，it__couldn’t__be__better．3．他進步得很快，老師們對他很滿意。Hehasmadesuch__great__progress__thattheteachersarepleasedwithhim.4．瑪麗坐在教室的窗戶旁，讀著一本書。Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom，reading__a__book.addictn．對(藥物等)上癮的人；癮君子vt.使……上癮；使沉溺[佳句背誦]Tomisacomputergameaddict,andhisfatherhasbeentryingtostophimfromplayingcomputergames.湯姆是一個電腦游戲迷，他爸爸一直設(shè)法阻止他玩電腦游戲。Smokingisaharmfulhabitandmakesoneaddictedonceyoustartdoingit.吸煙是一個壞習(xí)慣并且一旦你開了頭就會對它上癮。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Teenagersaddicted(addict)totheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.②Hekickedhisthree-pack-a-daycigarettehabit,andovercamehisaddiction(addict)toalcohol.③(重慶卷)AsfarasI’mconcerned,it’snotwiseforustobeaddictedtoplaywithsmartphonesbecausewemayignoreotherimportantthingsinlife.play→playingeq\a\vs4\al()(1)addictoneselfto 沉溺于……；醉心于……be/become/getaddictedto... 沉迷于……；熱愛……； 迷上……(2)addictiveadj. 使人上癮的addictionn. 癮；入迷；嗜好addicted，addiction常與介詞to連用，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。[能力提升]——句式升級(普通表達)Theboybecameaddictedtocomputergamesanddidn’twanttostudy.①(高級表達)Addicted__to__computer__games，theboydidn’twanttostudy.(過去分詞短語作狀語)②(高級表達)Addicting__himself__to__computer__games，theboydidn’twanttostudy.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)reducevt.縮減，減少；使……處于……狀態(tài)[佳句背誦](上海卷)Thisistheonlywaywecanimaginetoreducetheoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.這是我們能想到的減少學(xué)生們在浴室過度用水的唯一方法。(陜西卷)Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.每天吃一根胡蘿卜可以將患這種病的幾率減少40%。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①—Thecarsgiveoffagreatdealofwastegasinthestreets.—Yes.ButI’msuresomethingwillbedoneto__reduce(reduce)airpollution.②Thenewbridgereducestravellingtimefrom50minutesto15minutes.③Hislifeinthebigcitywashardandfinallyhewasreducedtobeginthestreets.beg→beggingeq\a\vs4\al()(1)reduce...to... 減少到……reduce...by... 降低了……(2)bereducedto(doing)... 處于/淪落到……[能力提升]——完成句子(2015·浙江卷)減少壓力最有效的方式之一就是與你信任的人聊聊感受。One__of__the__most__effective__ways__to__reduce__stress__is__to__talk__aboutfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust.likelyadj.可能的[佳句背誦]Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelytoimprove.如果你能找到合適的學(xué)習(xí)方法，學(xué)習(xí)效率就可能會提高。(牛津詞典)Theymightrefusetoletusdoit,butit’shardlylikely.他們也許不會讓我們做這工作，但這可能性太小。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①(陜西卷)Studiesshowthatpeoplearemorelikelyto__suffer(suffer)frombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.②Heisunlikely(likely)tocometothepartytonightbecausehismotherisill.③(2015·陜西卷)Ifoneislateforajobinterview，itisnotlikelywhetherhewillgetthejob.whether→thateq\a\vs4\al()(1)likelytodo... 某人/某物可能會……Itislikelythat... 很可能……notlikely (表示堅決不同意)絕不可能，絕對不 會(2)unlikelyadj. 不可能的likely指從表面跡象來判斷，Sth./Sb.。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：Sth./Sb.islikelytodosth.;It’slikelythat...；possible指客觀上有可能，也許實際發(fā)生的可能性并不大。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.;Itispossiblethat...；probable表示有幾分根據(jù)的推測，比possible表示的可能性大，一般不用表示人的詞作主語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：Itisprobablethat...。[能力提升]——一句多譯白天這個時候他不可能來，因為他太忙了。①He__is__not__likely__to__comeatthistimeofthedaybecauseheistoobusy.(likely)②It__is__not__possible__for__him__to__comeatthistimeofthedaybecauseheistoobusy.(possible)③It__is__not__likely/possible/probable__that__he__will__comeatthistimeofthedaybecauseheistoobusy.(likely/possible/probable)affectvt.影響；感動；打動；(疾病)侵襲[佳句背誦]Influenzacirculatesworldwideandcanaffectanybodyinanyagegroup.流感在世界范圍內(nèi)流行，可感染任何年齡組的任何人。(2015·江蘇卷書面表達)Thetrafficissuenotonlyaffectsoureverydaylife,butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.交通問題不僅影響著我們的日常生活，而且也可能威脅到人們的生命。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①(上海卷)Withthegovernment’said,thoseaffected(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.②Anunhappychildhoodmayhavesomenegativeeffectonaperson’scharacter.③Havingheardhisstory,allthepeopleintheroomaffectedtotears.在affected前加wereeq\a\vs4\al()(1)beaffectedby 被……侵襲；被……感動(2)effectn. 作用；影響influencen．&v. 影響haveaneffect/influenceon 對……產(chǎn)生影響(3)affectionn. 喜愛；慈愛；感情[能力提升]——句式升級(普通表達)Theaudienceweredeeplyaffected,andtheywarmlyapplaudedforalongtime.(高級表達)Deeply__affected,__theaudiencewarmlyapplaudedforalongtime.(過去分詞短語作狀語)recognise/recognizevt.認(rèn)出，識別；承認(rèn)；認(rèn)識到[佳句背誦](2015·重慶卷)Bachdiedin1750，butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.Bach死于1750年，但是直到19世紀(jì)早期他的音樂天賦才被完全認(rèn)可。Ihaveknownhimfortenyears,butIdidn’trecognizehimjustnowbecausehehaschangedsomuch.我認(rèn)識他10年了，但他變化太大，我剛才沒有認(rèn)出來。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①(安徽卷)Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschangedbeyondrecognition(recognize)．②(山東卷)ArthurMilleruniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.在universally前加iseq\a\vs4\al()(1)recognize...as/tobe 承認(rèn)……是；認(rèn)出……是Itisrecognizedthat... 人們公認(rèn)……(2)recognitionn. 認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識beyondrecognition 認(rèn)不出來表示“認(rèn)為……是……”的短語：①regard...as...；②consider...as...；③see...as...；④view...as...；⑤thinkof...as...；⑥lookon...as...；⑦treat...as...；⑧think...tobe...[能力提升]——一句多譯人們一致認(rèn)為環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成為人們所面臨的最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。①It__is__recognized__that__environmentalpollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.②Environmentalpollutionis__recognized__to__have__become__oneofthemostseriousproblemsthatpeopleface.breakinto破門而入；強行闖入；打斷；突然……起來[佳句背誦]Ajewelshopwasbrokenintobetweenmidnightand5a．m.Alotofvaluablethingswerestolen.一家珠寶店在半夜和凌晨五點之間被人闖入，很多值錢的東西被偷走了。(牛津詞典)Asthepresident’scardrewup,thecrowdbrokeintoloudapplause.總統(tǒng)的座駕停下時，人群中爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①(2015·天津卷)See，yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain!Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.②(廣東卷)Iwasstillsleepingwhenthefirebrokeout,__andthenitspreadquickly.③(江西卷)Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebodyhadbrokenintheofficeduringthenight.第二個in→intoeq\a\vs4\al()breakin 打斷(談話)；突然闖入breakout 突然爆發(fā)breakthrough 突破breakup 打碎；拆散；分解；結(jié)束breakdown 瓦解，分解；機器壞了；身體垮了breakin和breakinto都有“闖入”的意思。breakin為不及物動詞短語，后不跟賓語；breakinto為及物動詞短語，后可以跟賓語。[能力提升]——完成句子①請原諒我插句話，我有急事告訴你。Excuse__me__for__breaking__in,__butIhavesomethingurgenttotellyou.②仔細(xì)關(guān)好門窗以避免陌生人闖入家中。Closethedoorandwindowscarefullyto__prevent__some__strangers__(from)__breaking__into__your__house．belongto屬于[佳句背誦]ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewell-educated.威廉姆斯教授不斷地告訴他的學(xué)生們，未來屬于那些受過良好教育的人。IworkedthereforfiveyearsbutneverreallyfeltIbelonged.我在那里工作了五年，但從未真正感覺到我屬于那里。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①Becausethereisnolabelontheluggage,wedon’tknowtowhomitbelongs.②Havingsoldmostofhisbelongings(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.③—Haveyouseenadictionarybelongstoourschoollibrary?—Yes,itisoverthereandMaryisusingit.belongs→belongingeq\a\vs4\al()(1)belongto不用于進行時態(tài)也沒有被動形式。類似用法的還有takeplace，occur，happen等。(2)belongingn． 歸屬belongingsn. 所有物；財產(chǎn)[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級①這幢漂亮的建筑是他家的。Thebeautifulbuildingbelongs__tohisfamily.②這幢建筑可以追溯到明朝。Thebuildingcandate__back__totheMingDynasty.③用分詞短語作定語合并①②：The__beautiful__building__belonging__to__his__family__can__date__back__to__the__Ming__Dynasty./The__beautiful__building__dating__back__to__the__Ming__Dynasty__belongs__to__his__family.giveup放棄；讓給；停止；戒除[佳句背誦]Ifyouwanttogiveupyourbadhabits，youmustbestrong-minded.如果你要戒除你的壞習(xí)慣，你必須意志堅決。Wespenthalfanhourlookingforthekeys,buteventuallygaveup.我們花了半個小時找鑰匙，但最終放棄了。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①—Smokingisbadforyourhealth.—Yes,Iknow.ButIsimplycan’tgiveitup．②Mymoneywasbeginningtogiveoutandtherewerenojobstobefound.③Theargumentwentonforhoursbecauseneithersidewouldgiveinto.去掉toeq\a\vs4\al()givein 投降；屈服；讓步giveaway 贈送；泄露；分發(fā)(獎品等)giveoff 發(fā)出(蒸汽、味道)；發(fā)散(光線)giveout 放出；發(fā)表；用完[能力提升]——完成句子(福建卷)我正要放棄，這時爸爸過來鼓勵我繼續(xù)努力。Iwas__about__to__give__up__when__my__father__came__and__encouraged__me__tokeepgoing.(教材佳句)Whateveryou’redoingwhenyouwanttosmoke—dosomethingelse!無論你在做什么，當(dāng)你想抽煙時，做點別的事吧！eq\a\vs4\al()句中whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其含義相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat，意為“不管，無論”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。[佳句背誦](廣東卷)Whateveryoudo,ifyouwanttobecomegreatatit,youneedtoworkdayinanddayout.不管你做什么，如果你想做好，就需要天天工作。(2016·北京卷)Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.你的支持對我們的工作很重要，你做的一切對我們都有幫助。[考點對接]——單句語法填空/單句改錯①(2016·四川卷)Whateveryoudo,don’tbeabystander.②(2015·湖北卷)Whatevershesayswillnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.③(北京卷)Somepeoplebelievewhicheverhashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.whichever→whatevereq\a\vs4\al()(1)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。(2)whenever，wherever，however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen/where/how，意為“無論何時/何地/如何”?！皀omatter＋疑問詞”只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。[能力提升]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Whateverhedid，hisparentssupportedhim.→No__matter__what__he__did，hisparentssupportedhim.②Idon’tbelieveanythingthathesaysbecauseheisalwaysbreakinghispromise.→Idon’tbelievewhatever__he__saysbecauseheisalwaysbreakinghispromise.③(湖南卷)Howeverhardyoutry，itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.→No__matter__how__hard__you__try，itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Annywas__banned(ban)fromdrivingfortwoyearsbecauseofaseriousaccidentcausedbydrunkdriving.2．Being__addicted(addict)totheInternet，asmanyadolescentsdo，willtosomeextenthaveanegativeeffectontheirmentalandphysicalhealth.3．(北京卷)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore，hecangoshoppingwithoutbeing__recognized(recognize)．4．Whatever__theresultis,weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.5．Ourteacheralwaysspeaksslowlyandclearlyinclasssoastobe__understood(understand)．6．—Howwasyourholiday?—Itcouldn’thavebeenmore__boring(bore)．Ijuststayedinthehotelbecauseitwasrainingmostofthetime.7．Ifyouorderalargeamountofmilkfromourshop,wecanreducethepriceby10%.8．Thetrainwasdelayedbecauseoftheheavyfog.Mr.Smithislikelyto__arrive(arrive)abitlate.9．(2018·陜西教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Youmustwritedownalltheinformationrelated(relate)totheproblem.10．(陜西卷)Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystembrokedown．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯1．Thethiefbrokeinthebankandstolesomemoneylastnight.in→into2．TheChinesegovernmenthasdecidedtobansmokeinpublicplacessince2016.smoke→smoking3．Suchattractedwashebythegamethatheforgotthetime.Such→So4．Thoughtigersaredangeroustopeople,theyareinthedangernowandweshouldprotectthemortheywilldieout.去掉the5．Whateverhesaysit,themanagerdoesn’tbelievehim.去掉iteq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)單元語法(不定式表示目的和結(jié)果狀語從句)1．To__save(save)classtime,ourteacherhasusstudentsdohalfoftheexercisesinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforourhomework.2．(2018·江西宜春四校聯(lián)考)FacebookCEOZuckberbergjusthadababygirlnamedMax,andto__honor(honor)theoccasion,he’sgivingawaythemajorityofhiswealth.3．(2018·山西太原模擬)Mr.Whitegotsolittlemoneythathecouldhardlykeepbodyandsoultogether.4．(2018·安徽合肥模擬)Theballstruckhimsohardthathenearlyfellintothewater.5．IhavemadesuchrapidprogressinEnglishthatmyparentsareproudofme.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材與語法填空根據(jù)教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IamAdamRouse，andIused1.to__be(be)adrugaddict.Attheageof15，Istartedusingdrugs—somecannabis2.sold(sell)byamaninthestreet.Sometimelater，heofferedmesomecrackcocainewhichisa3.powerfully(power)addictivedrugandcanbeinjectedorsmoked.After4.using(use)crackcocaineonceortwice，Ibecame5.addicted(addict)toitthoughIknewthedangerousaspectsofsmokingit—itcanincreasetheuser’sheartrateandbloodpressure，6.andleadtoheartattacks.Atthesametime7.smoking(smoke)drugsneedsalotofmoneyandIdidn’thaveenoughmoney，soIoahouse，stoleatelevisionandavideorecorderand9.took(take)themtothedrugdealer.In10.theend，thepolicetookmetothepolicestation.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)教材與話題寫作(Ⅰ)用本單元所學(xué)知識完成下列句子。1．鮑勃過去沉溺于毒品，這已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重地影響了他的健康。(beaddictedto；drug；affect)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Bobusedtobeaddictedtodrugsandthataffectedhishealthseverely.2．為了讓他戒掉這個壞習(xí)慣，他的父母減少了他的生活費用。(inorderto/soasto；reduce；giveup)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Hisparentsreducedhislivingcostinorderto/soastolethimgiveupthebadhabit.3．他們告訴他照這樣下去他很可能會被送進監(jiān)獄。(likely)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Theytoldhimthathewaslikelytobesenttoprisonifhewentonlikethis.4．不管他們說什么，他拒絕聽從他們的建議。(followone’sadvice;whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatevertheysaid,herefusedtofollowtheiradvice.5．為了弄點錢，一天他闖進了一家附近的商店進行偷盜，然后被捕了。(breakinto；nearby)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Togetsomemoney，hebrokeintoastorenearbytostealonedayandthenwasarrested.6．警察告訴他的父母他處于危險之中，他的父母決定把他送到戒毒中心。(danger；addict)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thepolicemantoldhisparentsthathewasindangerandtheydecidedtosendhimtoacenterfordrugaddicts.(Ⅱ)將以上句子連成短文，要求銜接連貫、過渡自然。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)下面是李華的一篇作文，文中有五處錯誤，改正錯誤并背誦該文。Bobusedtobeaddictedtodrugs,thataffectedhishealthseverely.Hisparentsreducedhislivingcostinorderto/soastolethimgiveupthebadhabit.What’smore，theytoldhimthathewaslikelytobesenttoaprisonifhewentonlike，whatevertheysaid,herefusedtofollowhisgetsomemoney，hebrokeinastorenearbyonedaytostealandthenepolicemantoldhisparentsthathewasindangerandtheydecidedtosendhimtoacenterfordrugaddicts.答案：Bobusedtobeaddictedtodrugs,eq\f(that,which)affectedhishealthseverely.Hisparentsreducedhislivingcostinorderto/soastolethimgiveupthebadhabit.What’smore，theytoldhimthathewaslikelytobesenttoeq\o(a,\s\up0(＼))prisonifhewentonlike，whatevertheysaid,herefusedtofolloweq\f(his,their)getsomemoney，hebrokeeq\f(in,into)astorenearbyonedaytostealandtheneq\o(\s\up7(∧,was))policemantoldhisparentsthathewasindangerandtheydecidedtosendhimtoacenterfordrugaddicts.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解(2018·太原高三模擬)DearParents，I’mdelightedthatyouareconsideringTheBritishInternationalSchoolforyourchild’seducation.Ourschooloffersfirst－classinternationaleducationdeliveredbyexperiencedandprofessionalstaff.WeaimtoprovideahighqualityBritish－styleeducationcharacterizedby：ThearrangementoftheEnglishnationalcurriculumtomeettheneedsofinternationalandlocalstudentsandofferinganinsightintothelocalculture.Highqualityteachingprovidedbyinternationalandlocalstaff.Abroadpersonaldevelopmentplanforstudentsthatencouragesindependence,confidence,tolerance,goodmannersandrespect.Arecognitionoftheschool－parentpartnershipinthesuccessfuleducationofthechildren.Anacknowledgementthatallstudentsareindividualswhodeserveanenvironmenttohelpthemrealizetheiracademicandotherpotential,therebypreparingthemfortheirchosencontinuingeducationandcareer.Asafe,caring,happyandstimulatingenvironmentbenefitingfromhighqualityfacilities.Ourschoolprovidesaneffectiveframeworkforeducationthroughabroad,balancedandmonitoredcurriculum.Asstudentsadvancethroughtheschooling,wemakesurethattheirneedsaremetthroughprogressiveteachingandlearning.AlthoughourcurriculumisbaseduponthenationalcurriculumforEngland,itisadaptedwhereappropriate,toensuresuitabilityforourdiversestudentbody.Thus，westriveforthedevelopmentoftransferableskillsthroughtheyearsofschooling,aswellastheacquisition(獲得)ofabroadbodyofknowledge.Studentsaregivenopportunitiestodevelopmanyskills,whichincludeskillsinlanguage,science,technologyandmathematics,intheaesthetic(審美的)andcreativefieldsofmusic,dramaandart,andinphysicaleducation.Weinsistthatstudentsactinaresponsiblemannertowardallmembersofthecommunity.Throughouttheschoolyears,studentsaretaughttodistinguishbetweenrightandwrongandshowconsiderationforothers.Thequalitiesofhonesty,kindnessandgoodmannersarealwaysencouraged.Ourfriendlyatmosphereprovidesasecureandhappyenvironmentinwhichchildrencangrowasindividualsandvaluedmembersoftheschoolfamily.【解題導(dǎo)語】該文是一封學(xué)校校長致家長的信。1．Whatdoyouthinktheauthoris?A．Aschoolprincipal.B．Anexchangestudent.C．Anassistantprofessor.D．Anexperiencedlecturer.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Ourschooloffersfirst－classinternationaleducationdeliveredbyexperiencedandprofessionalstaff.”可推知，本文的作者是文中所提到的學(xué)校的校長，故選A。2．Whydoestheschoolchangeitscurriculumwhennecessary?A．Todevelopsomegoodstudents’skills.B．Tomeettheneedsofdifferentstudents.C．Toofferaninsightintothelocalculture.D．Tohelpstudentsrealizetheirpotential.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“AlthoughourcurriculumisbaseduponthenationalcurriculumforEngland,itisadaptedwhereappropriate,toensuresuitabilityforourdiversestudentbody.”可知，課程的調(diào)整是為了適應(yīng)學(xué)生需求的多樣性。3．WhichofthefollowingaboutthestudentsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Manners.B．Self－discipline.C．Qualities.D．Independence.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第五段的“Abroadpersonaldevelopmentplanforstudentsthatencouragesindependence,confidence,tolerance,goodmannersandrespect.”可知，文章中沒有提到自律。4．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Theauthorthinksschoolsandparentsplayanimportantroleinteaching.B．Theauthorisstressingthatresponsibilityisthemostimportantthingforastudent.C．Theauthorisencouragingmoreparentstosendtheirchildrentothisschool.D．Theauthorimpliesstudentsbecomevaluedpeoplewithafriendlyatmosphere.C解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文是一封校長致家長的信，介紹了學(xué)校的特色和優(yōu)勢，目的在于向家長推廣這所學(xué)校，鼓勵更多家長把自己的孩子送到這所學(xué)校來學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七選五(2018·湖南十三校聯(lián)考)Everyculturehasitsownunwrittenlistofbehaviorthatissocietyalsohasitstaboos,ortypesofbehaviorthatareconsideredaviolationofgoodmanners.ThewordtaboocomesfromtheTonganlanguageandisusedinmodernEnglishtodescribeverbalandnonverbalbehaviorthatisforbiddenortobeavoided.Theytendtobespecifictoacultureorcountry,andusuallyformaroundagroup’svaluesandisconsideredacceptablebehaviorinonecountrymaybeaserioustabooinanother.Verbaltaboosusuallyinvolvetopicsthatpeoplebelievearetooprivatetotalkaboutpublicly,orrelatetoone’smannerofmanycultures,forexample,itisconsideredbadmannerstodiscusssubjectssuchassexorreligioninsomecountries,toomuchvolumeofone’svoicemayannoypeople.2.________3．________Forexample,oneofthebiggestdifferencesamongmanyWestern,Asian,andAfricanculturesistheuseofeyetheU．S.,peoplemakeeyecontactwhentheytalktoothers.4.________InmanyAsianandAfricancultures,however,childrenaretaughttolowertheireyeswhentalkingtotheirelders,orthoseofhigherrank,asawaytoshowrespect.CertaingesturesmadewiththehandscanhaveverydifferentmeaningsdependingonthecountryyouareyourmiddlefingeroveryourforefingeristhesignforgoodluckinmanyWesterncountries.Also,insomeAsiancountries,movingyourhandsalotwhiletalking,or“talkingwithyourhands”，isconsideredunsuitable.Behaviorthatisacceptableandnon-offensiveinoneculturecanbehighlyoffensiveinvisitingaforeigncountry,beawareofsomeofthebasicdifferences,asthiswillhelptoensureamoreenjoyabletrip.A．Nonverbaltaboosusuallyrelatetobodylanguage.B．InVietnamandArgentina,however,itisarudegesture.C．Inspiteofwhatsomepeoplemaythink,taboosarenotuniversal.D．Cancerisataboosubjectandpeoplearefrightenedtotalkopenlyaboutit.E．Learnacountry’scustomssothatyoudon’thurtthelocalpeopleunconsciously.F．Theymightthinkthatsomeonewhoisspeakingorlaughingloudlyisrudeoraggressive.G．Ifapersonavoidseyecontact,othersmightthinktheyarebeingdishonestorunconfident.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了不同國家習(xí)俗方面的禁忌，以及肢體語言、手勢語的不同運用。1．C解析：上句是對taboo的定義，下句講它們通常是一個國家或一種文化所特有的，通常是圍繞著一個團體的價值觀和信仰而形成的。由此可以推斷，C項(盡管一些人可能這樣認(rèn)為，但禁忌不是通用的)符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選C項。2．F解析：本段主要講一些人對禁忌的看法，比如一些私人問題不能在公共場合談?wù)摰?。根?jù)設(shè)空前一句中的toomuchvolumeofone’svoicemayannoypeople可知，在一些國家，說話聲音太大會惹惱別人，F(xiàn)項(他們可能認(rèn)為大聲說笑是粗魯?shù)幕虺錆M挑釁的)正好是對上一句的解釋。故選F項。3．A解析：根據(jù)設(shè)空后一句中的eyecontact可知，本段主要講眼神接觸在不同文化中有不同的要求，屬于肢體語言。故A項(非語言禁忌通常和肢體語言有關(guān))符合語境。4．G解析：本段講的是眼神接觸的作用，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞eyecontact可知，G項與該段主題一致，故選G項。5．B解析：本段介紹手勢語在不同國家的含義。上一句介紹了把中指和食指交疊起來，在很多西方國家意味著好運。下文應(yīng)該介紹其他國家對此不同的理解，B項(然而在越南和阿根廷，這是一個粗魯?shù)氖謩?符合語境，故選B項。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)語法填空(2018·惠州高三調(diào)研考試)RecentmonthshaveseenareturnofbikesacrossChina.Withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadof(drive)toschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing,theintroductionofbike-sharingprogramshasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Thebikes2.____________(equip)withGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovidesolutioninplacesit’sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother.Bike-sharingisa(green)methodoftransportationand(provide)amorefriendlyexperience.However,theprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchas7.____________(legal)parking,deliberate(蓄意的)damageandtheft.Todealwiththeseproblems,thecompanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeople(return)thebikestostationsrewardingfreetimefortheirnext,Chineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddressthese