高級英語復習筆記及講解1LessonOneRockSuperstars：WhatDoTheyTellUsAboutOurselvesandOurSociety?RockSuperstars搖滾樂超級明星rock：rockmusic,rock'n'roll（or：rockandroll）搖滾樂早期的搖滾樂是源于美國的民歌（folk）爵士樂（jazz）勃魯斯歌曲（blues）等的一種音樂，其特征是具有強烈的節(jié)奏（rhythm）單純的旋律（melody）一再重復的歌詞和音符的后拍音（afterbeat）Rockisthemusicofteenagerebellion.搖滾樂是青少年的反叛音樂teenageadj.pertainingtoateenager（13至19歲的）青少年的.其名詞形式為teenager：（13至19歲的青少年）.rebellion：resistancetoordefianceofanyauthority造反，反派.如；arebel1ionagainstoldtraditions對舊傳統(tǒng)的反叛.Byaman'sheroesyeshallknowhim.你將從一個人崇拜的英雄得知其人.a.這句句子的句型與英語中常說的judgeamanbythecompanyhekeeps（以一個人所交的朋友斷定其為人）很相似.b.ye=you用于古英語或詩歌中，是第二人稱代詞thou的復數(shù).如：Yearethesaltoftheearth.你們是社會的中堅.（出自〉）''MidnightRambler''：ramble：walkforpleasure漫游，既可表動詞，也可作名詞.如；Theyrambledthroughthewoods.他們在林中漫步.hesaid,''grabsahalf-gallonjugofwaterandrunsalongthefrontplatform,sprinklingitscontentsoverthefirstrowsofswelteringlistenersgrab：toseizesuddenly,eagerly,orroughly;snstch急抓,奪取.如：Hejumpedupfromthetable,grabbedhishatandranoutofthedoor.他從桌子旁跳了起來，抓起自己的帽子,奔出門去.另外,grab后面可以跟其他名詞或名詞短語.如：grabashower快速沖了澡，grabasandwich,胡亂吃了一個三明治，grabataxi趕搭出租車.有時，還可以作不及物動詞.如：Hegrabbedattheopportunityofgoingabroad.他設法抓住這次出國的機會b.sprinkle：toscatterdropsorparticlesofwater,powderorthelikeon灑液體，撒粉末等（于上）.如：Theysprinkledashesontheicysidewalk.他們在積水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰.Wesprinklethelawneveryday.我們每天給草坪灑水.以''sprinkling''引導的短語是動詞的-ing''形式作伴隨狀語.再如：Theystoodthere,watchingthebasketball.他們站在那里，觀看籃球比賽.Theysurgetofollowhim,eagertobetouchedbyafewbaptismaldrops.a.surge：tomoveorswellforwardinorlikewaves如波濤洶涌而至.Acrowdsurgedoutofthetheater.觀眾從劇院里蜂擁而出.b.以形容詞''eager''引導的不定式詞組在語法功能上起著并列分句的作用.Some14,000screamingfanswerecruchinguptothefrontofthestageatCapitalCenter,some：（beforeanumber）approximately,about（在數(shù)字前）大約.如：sometwentystudents大約20個學生.screamtomakealoud,sharpcry尖聲大叫.screaming''是動詞scream的''"ing''形式作前置修飾語，''screamingfans''意為〃尖聲大叫的歌迷”crunch：toproceedwithacrushingnoise嘎吱嘎吱地往前.如：Thechildrencrunchedthroughthesnow.孩子們嘎吱嘎吱地踩著雪走.Ioughttobecrawlingonmyknees.crawled：tomovewiththefacedownwardandtheboyeclosetotheground爬行.如；Thebuscrawledalong.公共汽車緩慢地行進.注意：短語crawlintothefavorofone*ssuperiors表示〃卑躬屈膝地討好上司”.onone'sknees：雙膝跪地.Howdoyoufeelaboutallthisadulationandheroworship?feelabout：consider,thinkof覺得，感到.經常用于疑問句中，如：Howdoyoufeelaboutthesuggestion?你認為這個建議怎么樣?adulation是adulate的名詞形式.adulate：flatteroradmireexcessively過分贊賞，奉承，恭維.如：Onecanhardlyunderstandwhyyoungpeoplesoadulatefilmstars.年輕人為什么如此過分贊賞影星,真讓人費解.Orareyoudrawnsomehowtothisstrangeclown,perhapsbecauseheactsoutyourwildestfantasies?draw：atteact吸弓|.如：Somemutualinterestsdrawustogether.一些共同的興趣把我們吸引到一塊了.somehow：insomewaynotspecifiedorknown不知什么緣故.如：SomehowIdon*tlikethisnovelthoughitissopopular.這本小說雖然很流行，但不知什么原因我卻不喜歡它.fantasy：imagination,esp.whenitisletfreeandnotheldback(自由奔放的)想象，幻想，狂想.wildestfantasies，最為狂妄的奇想.Thesearen'tidlequestions.idle：ofnorealworthorpurpose無聊的.如：idlerumor無聊的謊言.Horwitzseestherockmusicarenaasasortofdebatingforum,aplacewhereideasclashandcrash.seeas：consideras把看作forum：ameetingplaceofdiscussionofmattersofpublicinterest論壇.aplace是asortofdebatingforum的同位語，后面由where引導的句子是定語從句，修飾aplace.''ideaschashandcrash''意為〃各種思想沖撞”.''Theredefinition,''Horowitzsays''isataskuniquelyperformedbytheyoung''uniquelyperformedbytheyoung''是過去分詞短語，用于修飾前面的''atasktf.Itistheyalonewhocombineinventionandexaggeration,itiswho(that)是強調句式.alone：(afteranounorpronoun)only(在名詞或代詞后面)僅，只.Hisnamealonewasenoughtodrawalargeaudience.僅僅他的名字就足以吸引一大批觀眾.''Rockmusic,hesays''isreallyasociologicalexpressionratherthanamusicalforce.ratherthan：insteadof而不是（肯定前者，否定后者.）比如：Heisapoetratherthananovelist.與其說他是小說家，不如說他是詩人.這里介紹另一個短語orrather,意為moreexactly更為確切地說〃.如：latelastnight,orratherearlythismorning昨天深夜，更為確切地說,是今天清晨.It'sjustthatElvismanagedtoembodythefrustratedteenagespiritofthe1950s.a.句中的it有thereason的意思，that=because.b.embody：giveadefiniteformto具體體現(xiàn)如：Thestatueembodiesthesentimentofthesculptor.這尊塑像表現(xiàn)了雕像家的感情.Thelatestmodelofthelorryembodiesmanyimprovements.卡車的最新式樣體現(xiàn)了許多改進的地方.TVwork：agroupofradioortelevisionstationslinkedbywireormicrowaves（廣播，電視）廣播網b.ban：prohibit,forbid禁止.如：Studentsarebannedfromreadingdirtybooks.禁止學生閱讀色情書刊.Mostoftheolderviewersfrowned,whilemostoftheyoungerviewersapplauded.frown：towrinkletheforehead,suchaswhenoneisdispleasedorindeepthought皺眉.如：聽到我說錯了答案，他便皺起了眉頭.短語frownon（upon）表示〃不贊同”.如：Hefrowneduponmyplan.他不贊同我的計劃.applaud：toclapthehandstogetherinapprovalorappreciation鼓掌喝彩;稱贊.如：Theaudienceapplaudedwildly.觀眾熱烈鼓掌.c.連接詞while在這里表示對照，再如：T1ikebookswhi1emybrotherlovessports.我喜歡書，而我的兄弟則熱衷于體育.TheRollingStones,arrogantstreet-fightingmen,demandedrevolution.arrogant：actingasifoneweremoreimportantthanothers傲慢的;妄自尊大的.如；Hewasjusttooarroganttohissubordinates.他對他的部卜太傲慢7.Feelings,alwaysapartofanymusicalstatement,wereamajorsubject.這里alwaysapartofanymusicalstatement是feelings的同位語.TheBeatlesshowedtherewerearangeofemotionsbetweenloveandhate.range：