Unit4Sharing1/47關(guān)鍵單詞muddymudconceptweekly1．________adj.泥濘；泥土般→________n．泥土2．________n．觀念；概念3．________adj.&adv.每七天()4.________adj.相關(guān)；切題

relevantremote5．________adj.遙遠(yuǎn)；偏僻6．________vi.&vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合→______________n．調(diào)整；適合→_____________adj.可調(diào)整adjustableadjustadjustment2/477．________n．臺(tái)；平臺(tái)；講臺(tái)；(火車站)月臺(tái)8．____________vi.參加；參加→______________n．參加；參加→____________n．參加者platformparticipate9．________conj.不然；不然adv.用別方法；其它方面10．____________n．特權(quán)；尤其優(yōu)待participation11．_____________n．安排；排列→__________v．安排；排列participantotherwiseprivilege12．________vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒n．烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯arrangementarrangetoast13．___________n．宇航員；太空人astronaut3/4714．_________vt.捐贈(zèng)→_________n．捐贈(zèng)→_________n．捐贈(zèng)者donatedonationdonatorvoluntary15．_________adj.自愿；志愿；無償→__________n．自愿者；志愿者vi.自愿做……volunteerpurchase16．__________vt.&n．買；購置anniversary17．____________n．周年紀(jì)念(日)→________adj.一年一度annualpoliticalpolitics18．_________adj.政治；政黨→_________n．政治19．___________vt.分配；分發(fā)→_____________n．分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài)distributedistribution4/47securitysecure20．_________n．安全；保護(hù)；保障→_________adj.安全；有保障v．使安全；保衛(wèi)；防護(hù)vt.操作→__________n．手

21．_________vi.工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)術(shù)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)→_________n．操作人員operateoperationoperator5/47?？级陶Zheardyingotherrelevant1．________from接到……信2．(be)________to極想；渴望participate3．the________day很快前一天4．be__________to和……相關(guān)5．___________in參加……；參加……6．dry________(使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透7．dry________(指河流、井等)干涸8．in________在困難中；在危急中outupneed6/47getcomestick9．________through完成；穿過10．________across偶然碰到或發(fā)覺；遇見；被了解11．________out伸出sharewith12．________sth.________sb.和某人共享某物13．tobe________說實(shí)在14．________down熄滅；減弱15．________out絕種；毀滅honestdiedie7/47經(jīng)典佳句mostofwhom

1．SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,________________________willbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.有時(shí)候，我真想知道化學(xué)對(duì)這些孩子終究有多大用處。畢竟他們中大多數(shù)讀完八年級(jí)以后就回到他們村莊去了。whether

2．Youasked_____________I'mgettingtoknowanylocalpeople.你問我是否定識(shí)當(dāng)?shù)乩习傩铡?/47課文回顧whosetooktogetarrived

Joworkedatabushschool1._________classroomsweremadeofbambooandtheroofsofgrass.There'snoelectricityorwaterthere.It2.________(take)thestudentsabouttwohours3.________(get)toschool.Johopedtomakesomedifferencetothechildren'slivesbyteachingthem.Theotherday,JovisitedTombe'shome.Whenthey4.________atthevillage,Tombe'smotherwho5.__________________(work)inthegarden,startedcrying“ieeeieee”．Tombe'sfatherledthemtohishouse,6.___lowhadbeenworkinga9/47stickingwhichnewlygoodbyesbamboohutwithgrass7.________(stick)outoftheroof,in8.__________hecouldonlyseeafewtinplatesandcupsandgrass.ThatnightJoandJennysleptona9.__________(new)madeplatform.Theyleftthevillagethenextmorningaftermany10.____________(goodbye)andfirmhandshakes.10/47單句語法填空donateparticipatingdrying

1．(年北京卷·完形填空)Morerecently，thefoundationbegananothercampaigncalledNationalRedScarfDay—adaywhenpeople________(donate)$20andwearredscarvesinsupportofCanada'shungryandhomeless. 2．Withsomanystudents______________(participate)inthecompetition,itisdifficultforyoutodefendyourchampionship. 3．Globalwarmingisanincreasinglyhugeconcernfortheworld,whichhasledtomanyriversandlakes________(dry)uptheseyears.11/474．Tooursurprise,the_________(operate)onherheartlastedthreehours.operationwasdistributingon

5．Theteacher____________________(distribute)thesweetsamongthechildrenwhenaboyburstoutcrying. 6．Iamafraidyourlegwillhavetobeoperated__________；thereisnootherwaytostopthepain.beadjusted

7．Thiskindofcameracan________________(adjust)totheheightyouneed.Besides,it'snotexpensiveatall. 8．Whenachildisstudyingabroad,hemustlearntoadjustto________(live)onhisown.living12/479．Youshouldparticipatewithyourfriend________hissufferings.involuntary

10．Wearewillingtoparticipateinthe__________________(volunteer)activity.13/471．relevantadj.相關(guān)；切題berelevantto與……相關(guān)relevancen．相關(guān)；相關(guān)性；適當(dāng)havenorelevancetosth.與……沒有相關(guān)性【名師指津】

relevant反義詞是irrelevant，意為“不相關(guān)；不切題”。類似有：regular/irregular,religious/irreligious,responsible/irresponsible。14/47利用單句語法填空

(1)Hisnationalityisn'trelevant________whetherheisagoodlawyer. (2)Politicians'privateliveshaveno_____________(relevant)totheirpublicroles.torelevanceis

(3)Intheexams,makesurethateverythingyouwrite________(be)relevanttothequestionsyouhavebeenasked.15/472．a(chǎn)djustvi.&vt.調(diào)整；(使)適合adjust/adapt(oneself)tosth.使(自己)適合/適應(yīng)于某事adjustto(doing)sth.調(diào)整(做)某事adjustableadj.可調(diào)整adjustmentn．調(diào)整；調(diào)整makeanadjustmentto對(duì)……作出調(diào)整辨析adjust和adapt

(1)adjust:tochangesth.slightlytomakeitmoresuitable，強(qiáng)調(diào)“逐步，慢慢地調(diào)整以適應(yīng)”。 (2)adapt:tochangesth.inordertomakeitsuitableforanewuseorsituation，表示為了適應(yīng)新環(huán)境或目標(biāo)去調(diào)整。16/47adjusttoadjustments利用單句語法填空

(1)Ireallyhopeyoucan________(adjustment)youremotionandbehappyeveryday. (2)However,Ithinkthatyouwillquicklyadjust________themalthoughtheweatherandthefoodaredifferentfromyours. (3)Ourschoolwillhavetomake______________(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.17/47

3．participatevi.參加；參加；相關(guān)系

participatein(doing)sth.參加(做)某事 participatewithsb.insth.與某人分擔(dān)某事；同某人一起參加某事 participantn．參加者；參加人辨析participatein,attend,join,takepartin和joinin

(1)participatein是正式用語，表示“參加、參加”。強(qiáng)調(diào)與他人共同參加某一活動(dòng)，暗示以一個(gè)主動(dòng)態(tài)度參加。 (2)attend是正式用語，普通用于指參加會(huì)議、出席儀式或招待會(huì)等，也能夠指上學(xué)、聽課、聽演講或講座等。18/47

(3)join是慣用詞，做及物動(dòng)詞；通常指參加某組織或團(tuán)體，并成為其中一員，其賓語往往是thearmy/party/team/club或sb.等。

(4)takepartin指參加群眾性活動(dòng)，側(cè)重說明主語參加該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)并在其中發(fā)揮一定作用。part前若有修飾語，要用不定冠詞，如take(anactive)partinschool/activities。

(5)joinin指參加正在進(jìn)行活動(dòng)，其賓語普通是競賽、娛樂、談話、討論、聚會(huì)、游戲等名詞，能夠用于joinin(doing)sth./joinsb.in(doing)sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。19/47利用用上面辨析詞或短語適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Attheageofeight,he________________agroupofchild-dancers.joinedtookpartinattend(2)Thechildren________________theEnglisheveningandhadagoodtime.participate

(3)Hedidn't________________schoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness. (4)Youshould________________thecreativeprocess.20/474．operatevi.工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；營業(yè)；動(dòng)手術(shù)vt.操作；經(jīng)營operateonsb.(forsomedisease)給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)operationn．操作；運(yùn)作；手術(shù)perform/carryoutanoperation做手術(shù)inoperation在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)之中；生效；開始實(shí)施comeintooperation生效put/bringooperation使……起作用/生效operatorn．操作員；技工；管理者；接線員21/47【一詞多義】(1)Peopleweretrappedbetweenfloorsbecausetheliftdidn'toperateproperly.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)(2)Nomatterwhichmachineheoperates,hewilldealwithitcarefully.操作(3)Ifthedoctorhadoperatedonhimearlier,hewouldn'thavedied.動(dòng)手術(shù)(4)Themedicinewilloperateintenminutes.起作用(5)Thepeopleoperatingthesefactoriesaredeeplyconcernedabouttheenvironment.經(jīng)營22/47onoperation利用 單句語法填空

(1)Thedoctorsuggestedthatyou______________________(operate)on. (2)Thedoctorsoperated_________thepatientbutfailedtosavehislife. (3)Thelocalgovernmentwillputthenewlawinto_________(operate)nextmonth.(should)beoperated23/47

1．(be)dyingto極想；渴望 【名師指津】

常見同義短語有：bedying/eagerfor/todosth.,longfor/todosth.,bethirstyfor/todosth.等。利用單句語法填空tohaveisdyingfor

(1)IamverytiredandIamdying________(have)agoodrest. (2)Firstly,asastudentwho________(die)tolearnknowledgenow,itisnecessarytobuildaneffectivemethodinyourstudy. (3)YousaidyouwouldhelpmewithmyEnglishinyourlastletter,whichisexactlywhatIamdying________.24/472．dryout(使浸水等之物)完全變干；干透dryup(指河流、井等)干涸dryoff(使)變干；干透；弄干【名師指津】outupdrysb.out使某人戒掉酒癮利用用適當(dāng)副詞填空(1)Dry________thewetclothesinthesun.(2)Duringthedrought,theriversdried________.25/47

3．inneed在困難中；在危急中

inneedof需要 satisfy/meetone'sneeds滿足某人需要 Thereisnoneedforsb.todosth./fordoingsth.某人沒必要做某事

【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】introuble處于困境中indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中inorder按次序；整齊incommon共同；共有indebt欠債infact實(shí)際上；實(shí)際上inpeace平靜；寧靜；和平inpublic當(dāng)眾；公開insurprise吃驚；詫異地intime及時(shí)；來得及26/47利用完成句子，每空一詞(1)給那些困難中孩子捐些書和體育器材要比空喊口號(hào)更有意義。inneedinorder

Insteadofshoutingemptyslogans，itismoremeaningfultodonatebooksandsportsgoodstochildren________________. (2)我將依次回答你這三個(gè)問題。 Iwillansweryourthreequestions________________.27/47(3)受戰(zhàn)爭、貧窮和疾病折磨，許多非洲孩子需要食物、愛和關(guān)心。inneedof

Sufferingfromwar,povertyandillness,manyAfricanchildrenare________________________food,loveandcare. (4)你沒有必要擔(dān)心他未來。 ________________________foryoutobeconcernedabouthisfuture.There'snoneed28/47原句1Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridgefromwherewehadfantasticviewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.我們走了兩個(gè)半小時(shí)才到了那兒。先爬到了一座山山頂，從那兒我們欣賞到了優(yōu)美風(fēng)景，然后又沿著陡峭山坡到了下面山谷。 fromwhere引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾aridge，在“介詞＋關(guān)系詞”型定語從句中，關(guān)系詞常為which或whom，關(guān)系副詞where和when之前普通不加介詞，比較特殊有fromwhere和sincewhen。29/47利用單句語法填空wherefrom(1)Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,from________kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,KoreaandIndia.whenwhat

(2)Alicestoodatthewindow,________whereshecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball. (3)MybrothergraduatedfromBeijingNormalUniversityin,since________hehasworkedasateacherinamiddleschool. (4)Theyclimbedtothetopofthetower,fromwheretheycouldsee________washappeninginthedistance.30/47原句2ItwassuchaprivilegetohavespentadaywithTombe'sfamily.跟湯貝一家度過一天真是榮幸之至。 “Itis/wasaprivilege(forsb.)todosth.”意為“(對(duì)某人來說)做某事真是榮幸”。利用單句語法填空totalkitprivileged

(1)It'saprivilegeforme_________(talk)withyou. (2)Ladiesandgentlemen,________isagreatprivilegeformetointroduceourspeakerfortonight. (3)Weconsiderourselves______________(privilege)tohavebeeninvitedtogiveaspeechhere.31/47原句3Thegiftyougiveisnotsomethingyourlovedonekeepsbutavoluntarycontributiontowardsthelivesofpeoplewhoreallyneedit.你送禮品不是給你所愛人留念，而是給那些確有生活需要人一項(xiàng)志愿性捐助。 not...but...意思是“不是……，而是……”，連接兩個(gè)表語。

注意：not...but...連接兩個(gè)平行成份，當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞數(shù)按照“就近一致”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)確定。32/47利用單句語法填空

(1)Itisnothowmuchwedobuthowmuchloveweputintowhatwedothat__________(benefit)ourworkmost. (2)Asisknowntousall,ifweareintrouble,itisnotourphones__________ourfriendsthatcanhelpusout. (3)Itisnotthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetools_____________makeshimascientist.benefitsbutthat33/47fromattendedacrosshimselfactivities

利用所學(xué)語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，補(bǔ)充完整下面短文，并背誦下來 Ihavebeendyingtohear1.________myelderbrothersincehe2．________(attend)collegeinSeptember,wherehesharesthedormitorywithotherthreecollegeclassmatesandhecame3.________someofhismiddleschoolclassmates.Soonafterhewenttocollege,headapted4.________(he)tothelifethere.Toimprovehimself,mybrotherparticipatedinallsortsofout-of-class5._________(activity)andrecentlyheattendedaclassontheartof34/47arrangementthatneedtobuyweekendsflower6._____________(arrange)．Heissokind-heartedastudent7.________hedonatedalotofhisfavouritebookstotheHopeProjecttheotherday.Besides,heisin8.________(needy)ofanewcomputer,buthedoesn'thaveenoughmoney9.________(buy)oneandtherefore,heplanstogetapart-timejobat10.____________(weekend)．35/47短文改錯(cuò)(一)短文改錯(cuò)之名詞與代詞1．名詞

碰到名詞首先注意區(qū)分名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞；其次還能夠依據(jù)名詞前修飾語或謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)來判斷。另外，還要注意名詞全部格。名詞常考點(diǎn)有：36/47

(1)在three，oneandahalf，several，few，many，oneof，acoupleof，alargenumberof，scoresof，dozensof等詞語后，或雖沒有這些詞但語境提醒我們，本應(yīng)接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，但文中卻用了單數(shù)。

(2)像advice，homework，information，news，progress，fun，equipment，furniture，baggage，luggage，jewellery，clothing等不可數(shù)名詞是沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但在文中卻用了復(fù)數(shù)。(3)該用名詞全部格，而沒有用。37/47常見名詞類錯(cuò)誤：(1)單復(fù)數(shù)或全部格錯(cuò)誤【例】(年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·短文改錯(cuò))Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.

解析：airs→air。由后面定語從句“webreathe”可知，此處先行詞意思是“空氣”，air當(dāng)“空氣”講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞。故airs改為air。38/47(2)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換錯(cuò)誤【例】(年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·短文改錯(cuò))Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.

解析：honest→honesty。由句意“他成功關(guān)鍵是誠信(honesty)”可知應(yīng)該用名詞形式。故honest改為honesty。39/47(1)WhenIfinallyarrivedatmyfriendhelentmelotsofclothes.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)Hehasruinedhishealthy.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________40/47答案解析：

（1）friend→friend's。句意：當(dāng)我最終抵達(dá)“我朋友家(myfriend's)”時(shí)，他借給我許多衣服。故friend改為friend's。 （2）healthy→health。在形容詞性物主代詞后應(yīng)用名詞，故把healthy改為health。41/472．代詞

對(duì)于短文中出現(xiàn)每一個(gè)代詞都要查一下它所指代內(nèi)容及在句中作用，注意其數(shù)、格、詞性是否正確和前后是否一致。?？即~包含人稱代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、關(guān)系代詞及疑問代詞等。對(duì)于代詞考查，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

(1)順藤摸瓜，理清短文中代詞指代關(guān)系，注意聯(lián)絡(luò)上下文，要注意人稱一致、單復(fù)數(shù)一致以及性別一致關(guān)系。 (2)注意人稱代詞格誤用，以及物主代詞、反身代詞或疑問代詞等錯(cuò)用。42/47(3)系統(tǒng)掌握it各種使用方法。(4)準(zhǔn)