2022屆高三聯(lián)合質(zhì)量測評英語試卷第I卷(65分)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。ASingaporeisaverymoderncountryinSoutheastAsia.Ifyou’vebeentravelinginitscapitalcity,Singapore,itcanbeashockwhenitcomestoaccommodationprices.Forbackpackerstheyhavenochoicebuttostayoutsideofthecentralarea.Ifyouareavisitor,Ithinkit’sbesttostayinthehistoriccentralareatomakethemostofyourtime.Forfirst-timersIhaveputtogetherthislistofthebestareastostayinSingapore.ChinatownChinatowniswheretheoriginalcommunityofChineseimmigrantssettledinSingapore.TheareaislinedwithChinesestores,markets,andgreatplacestoeatforallbudgets.Itliesnexttothedowntownareaandthereisavarietyofaccommodationchoices,fromhostels(招待所)to5-starhotels.LittleIndiaLittleIndiaiswheremostoftheoriginalIndianmigrantsmadetheirhome.Todayitisstillfamousfortemples,markets,andlotsofplacestoeatdeliciousIndianfoods.It’sthemostpopularspotforbackpackersandtherearesomegoodmid-rangechoiceshere.KampongGlamAshortwalkfromLittleIndiaistheKampongGlamarea.ThisiswhereArabtraderssetupshops,withstreetnamessuchasHajiLane,BaghdadSt,andArabSt.TheneighborhoodisnowoneofthetrendiestinSingapore.ChangiAirportWithoneofthebiggestairportsintheregion,thechancesareyoumightjustbepassingwithouttimetostay.ChangiAirportisawardedasoneofthebestintheworld,soifyouhavetodoanovernighteratanairport,thenyoucouldn’thaveabetterexperiencethanatChangi.Ididn’tgetanysleepbutitwasanenjoyablestayforanairport.1.WhatwillmakebackpackersdisappointedinSingapore?A.Theremotelocationofthehotels. B.Thesystemofaccommodation.C.Thehighchargesofthehotels. D.Theaccommodationwithpoorfacilities.2.WhichareaisclosetothecenterofSingapore?A.Chinatown. B.LittleIndia. C.ChangiAirport. D.KampongGlam.3.WhatdoweknowaboutChangiAirport?A.Itwitnessesanoisyenvironment. B.Ithasgainedafairlygoodreputation.C.Itofferspassengersworseservice. D.ItisthebiggestairportinSingapore.【1~3題答案】【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了作者為初到新加坡的人提供住宿的建議。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ifyou’vebeentravelinginitscapitalcity,Singapore,itcanbeashockwhenitcomestoaccommodationprices.Forbackpackerstheyhavenochoicebuttostayoutsideofthecentralarea.(如果你在新加坡的首都旅行過，當(dāng)談到住宿價格時，你可能會感到震驚。對于背包客來說，他們別無選擇，只能待在市中心以外。)”可知，在住宿價格方面，新加坡可能會讓人大為震驚，背包客不得不住在市中心之外的地方。由此可知，高昂的住宿費迫使這些背包客遠(yuǎn)離市中心，讓他們很失望。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的“closetothecenterofSingapore”可把解題線索定位到Chinatown部分中的“Itliesnexttothedowntownareaandthereisavarietyofaccommodationchoices,fromhostelsto5-starhotels.(它毗鄰市中心，有各種各樣的住宿選擇，從招待所到五星級酒店。)”可知，Chinatown(唐人街)靠近新加坡市中心附近。故選A項。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ChangiAirport部分中的“ChangiAirportisawardedasoneofthebestintheworld,soifyouhavetodoanovernighteratanairport,thenyoucouldn’thaveabetterexperiencethanatChangi.(樟宜機(jī)場被認(rèn)為是世界上最好的機(jī)場之一，所以如果你必須在機(jī)場過夜，那么沒有比樟宜機(jī)場更好的體驗了。)”可知，該機(jī)場被評為世界上最好的機(jī)場之一，即有著很好的名聲。故選B項。BWhenCOVID-19hitandgymsbegantoclose,LauraNovakwasletgofromherjobasapart-timetrainer.Despitelosingalargepartofherincome,Novakknewshehadanothersourcetodependon:TikTok.Asaformergymnast,the31-year-oldisoftensharingclipsofherselftrainingonthebarsordoinganothertypeofworkoutwhilemakingmoneythroughbrandpartnerships.NovakstressedthatTikTok,whichshe’sbeenonsinceAugustof2019,hasbeenareallyhelpfulsourceofincomerightnowasafitnesstrainer.ThetimingofapotentialbanofTikTokdoesn’tbodewellforthecompanythatrecentlyannouncedaplantohire10,000staffintheU.S.overthenextthreeyears.ThecompanyalsoannouncedthatitwouldgivecreatorsintheU.S.over$1billioninthenextthreeyears“toencouragethosewhodreamofusingtheirvoicesandcreativitytosparkinspirationalcareers”onTikTok.WhilesocialmediaAppsandtheirpopularityhavealwaysbeenprecarious,TikTokhasmanagedtobeawin-winsituationfortheplatform’screatorsandbrandslookingtoreachspecificaudiences.SamGach,a28-year-oldinAnnArbor,Michigan,isknownforpostingyogatutorialsonTikTok.Gachtoldinmediathatwhilehe’sonotherplatforms,TikTokhasbecomeoneofhismostimportantones.“It’smyfastestgrowingplatform,”Gachsaid,whohas89,600followersontheApp.“It’sabitnerve-wracking,butIthinkrightnow,fromwhatI’mhearing,itsoundslikeitmaynotbebanned,butit’sstillveryuncertain.”Gachsaid“Ifitisthough,Iwouldnotbehappyaboutit,”addinghe’smadeafewthousanddollarsfromTikTokinthelastmonth,butit’sallstillverynew.GachsaidifTikTokgotbanned,itwouldcertainlynegativelyinfluencehisabilitytobuildanaudience.4.HowdidTikTokbenefitNovakaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Byencouraginghertobeconfident. B.Вypromotinghertobuildabrand.C.Byaccompanyinghertokilltime. D.Byhelpinghertoearnaliving.5.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“precarious”underlinedinparagraph4?A.Unstable. B.Inconvenient. C.Accessible. D.Beneficial.6.WhatdoweknowaboutSamGach?A.Hefeelsstressedaboutthepotentialban. B.He’sadevotedfanofTikTok.C.He’ssureaboutthefutureofTikTok. D.He’sunsatisfiedwiththeamountofhisaudience.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thetrendofapplyinghigh-tech. B.Thedisadvantageofsocialmedia.C.Thewayofimprovingincome. D.Thedependenceonaplatform.【4~7題答案】【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述受疫情影響的人們依靠抖音TikTok吸引粉絲來增加收入的故事以及可能實行的禁令對他們的影響來說明人們對社交平臺的依賴。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenCOVID-19hitandgymsbegantoclose,LauraNovakwasletgofromherjobasapart-timetrainer.Despitelosingalargepartofherincome,Novakknewshehadanothersourcetodependon:TikTok.Asaformergymnast,the31-year-oldisoftensharingclipsofherselftrainingonthebarsordoinganothertypeofworkoutwhilemakingmoneythroughbrandpartnerships.(當(dāng)COVID-19爆發(fā)、健身房開始關(guān)閉時，LauraNovak辭去了兼職教練的工作。盡管失去了很大一部分收入，Novak知道她還有另一個來源可以依靠：抖音。作為一名前體操運動員，31歲的她經(jīng)常在通過品牌合作賺錢的同時分享自己在高低杠上訓(xùn)練或其他類型鍛煉的視頻)”可知，TikTok幫助Novak謀生。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“WhilesocialmediaAppsandtheirpopularityhavealwaysbeen”以及后文“TikTokhasmanagedtobeawin-winsituationfortheplatform’screatorsandbrandslookingtoreachspecificaudiences”可知，while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，說明社交媒體應(yīng)用及其受歡迎程度一直不穩(wěn)定，但TikTok成功地創(chuàng)造了一個既有利于平臺上創(chuàng)作者又有利于想要接觸特定受眾的品牌商的雙贏局面。故畫線詞應(yīng)意為“不穩(wěn)定的”。A.Unstable.不穩(wěn)定的；B.Inconvenient.不便的；C.Accessible.可進(jìn)入的；D.Beneficial.有益的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“It’sabitnerve-wracking,butIthinkrightnow,fromwhatI’mhearing,itsoundslikeitmaynotbebanned,butit’sstillveryuncertain.(這有點傷腦筋，但我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在，從我聽到的情況來看，這聽起來可能不會被禁止，但它仍然很不確定)”可知，Gach對有可能實施的禁令感到緊張，壓力很大。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文通過講述在疫情期間，Novak和Gach依靠抖音TikTok吸引粉絲來增加收入，以及可能實施的“禁令”對他們造成的影響來說明人們對社交平臺的依賴。故選D。CCigarettesaren’tjustharmfulwhenthey’rebeingsmoked.Evenwhencigaretteendsgooutandarecoldnewresearchhasfoundtheycontinuetogiveoffharmfulchemicalsintheair.Inthefirst24hoursalone,scientistssayausedcigaretteendwillproduce14percentofthenicotine(尼古丁)thatanactivelyburningcigarettewouldproduce.Whilemostofthesechemicalsarereleasedwithinadayofbeingputout,ananalysisfortheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)foundthelevelofnicotinefellbyjust50%fivedayslater.“Iwasabsolutelysurprised,”sinceenvironmentalengineerDustinPoppendieckfromtheUnitedStatesNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST).“Thenumbersaresignificantandcouldhaveimportantimpactswhencigaretteendsaredealtwithindoorsorincars.Whilemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothehealthinfluenceoffirst-hand,second-handandnowthird-handsmoking,itisnotthecasewhenitcomestotheactualcigaretteendofthematter.”Tomeasureemissions(排放)fromthisforgottenthing,Poppendieckandhisteamplaced2,100cigarettesthatwererecentlyputoutinsideaspecialroom.Oncetheendsweresealedaway,theteammeasuredeightchemicalscommonlyproducedbycigarettes,fourofwhichtheFDAhavetheireyeonforbeingharmfulorpotentiallyso.Aftersettingtheroom’stemperature,theresearcherstestedhowemissionschangedundercertainconditions.Whentheairtemperatureoftheroomwashigher,forinstance,theynoticedtheendsproducedthesechemicalsathigherrates.Thisfindingmightdiscouragethosewhowanttoleaveashtrays(煙灰缸)outfordaysatatime,especiallyintheheat.8.Whatdotheresearcherssayaboutcigaretteends?A.Theycontainlittlenicotine.B.Theyproducenonicotinefivedayslater.C.Theygiveoffnicotinefordays.D.Theycreateasmuchnicotineasburningcigarettes.9.WhatdoPoppendieck’swordssuggest?A.First-handsmokingdoesmostharm.B.Thefindingsarewithinhisexpectation.C.Cigarettesshouldbedealtwithindoors.D.Healthinfluenceofcigaretteendsisignored.10.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetonotcleaningashtraysfordays?A.Unclear. B.Disapproving. C.Unconcerned. D.Puzzled.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UsedCigaretteEndsReleaseHarmfulChemicalsB.CigarettesAreMoreHarmfulWhileBeingSmokedC.ResearchFoundReasonsForCigaretteEnds’HarmD.CigaretteEndsProduceMoreChemicalsintheHeat【8~11題答案】【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，香煙不僅在燃燒時有害，甚至在徹底熄滅后煙蒂依然會釋放有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whilemostofthesechemicalsarereleasedwithinadayofbeingputout,ananalysisfortheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)foundthelevelofnicotinefellbyjust50%fivedayslater.(美國食品和藥物管理局的一項分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)大部分在排放后的一天內(nèi)被釋放出來，但五天后尼古丁的含量只下降了50%。)”可知，煙熄滅后，尼古丁的濃度在五天以后僅下降一半，也就是說熄滅的煙蒂好幾天內(nèi)都會釋放尼古丁。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中Poppendieck所說的“Whilemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothehealthinfluenceoffirst-hand,second-handandnowthird-handsmoking,itisnotthecasewhenitcomestotheactualcigaretteendofthematter.(雖然人們已經(jīng)很關(guān)注吸一手煙、二手煙以及現(xiàn)在的三手煙對健康的影響，但當(dāng)涉及到真正的香煙時，情況卻并非如此。)”可推斷，人們不像關(guān)注一手煙、二手煙和三手煙對健康的影響那樣關(guān)注煙蒂對健康的影響，即它對健康的影響被忽視了。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Whentheairtemperatureoftheroomwashigher,forinstance,theynoticedtheendsproducedthesechemicalsathigherrates.(例如，當(dāng)房間的空氣溫度較高時，他們注意到這些煙蒂會以更快的速度產(chǎn)生這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)。)”可知，溫度高時，煙蒂釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的速度更快。再根據(jù)“Thisfindingmightdiscouragethosewhowanttoleaveashtrays(煙灰缸)outfordaysatatime,especiallyintheheat.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會讓那些想把煙灰缸放在外面好幾天的人打消念頭，尤其是在炎熱的天氣里。)”可知，作者并不認(rèn)同好幾天不清理煙灰缸的做法。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。這是一篇說明文，根據(jù)全文，特別是文章第一段“Evenwhencigaretteendsgooutandarecold,newresearchhasfoundtheycontinuetogiveoffharmfulchemicalsintheair.”概括了主題，即研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吸完的煙蒂會釋放有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所以“UsedCigaretteEndsReleaseHarmfulChemicals(吸完的煙頭會釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì))”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。DBioprintingisthemedicallyandbio-technologicallyequalto3Dprinting.Byusingthesameprinciples,theaimistorapidlydeveloplivingstructuressimilartohuman-grownorgansandtissuethatcanbeusedtohealpeopleortestnewdrugs.Ofcourse,printingbiologicaltissueismuchmorecomplexthanbuildingamechanicalpart.Therearecomplexlayersofcellsinlivingtissue.Bioprintersusebioinkmadefromcells,biochemicalnutrientsandbiologicalstandstosupportcellsinanexactorder.Bioinkshavetooperateunderconditionsthataresuitableforliving,growingtissue,sotheycannotreallybeprintedattemperaturesthattopbodytemperature.Perhapsthesimplestformofbioprintingisinkjetprinting.Bioinkissprayedthroughtinytubessoithastobealmostliquidandthislimitsthebiologicalmaterialsthatcanbeprinted.Most3Dprintersoperatebysqueezingmaterialthroughapipeandbioprinterscanusesqueezingtoo,thoughcarehastobetakennottodamagecellsthroughextremeforce.Othertechniquessuchaslaser-assistedbioprintingorelectrospinning(靜電紡絲)areincrediblyexactandcanbeusedwiththickerbioinks,buttheyaremoretrickytousewithlivingcellsandnotasrapidorabletocreatelargequantitiesoftissue.Oncethebioprinterhasdoneitswork,thepost-processingstagebegins.Bioreactorsystemsareoftenemployedtohelpthetissuegrowup.Theycanbeusedtocopytheforcesandbiochemicalsupportthattissueneedstogrowanddifferentiatecorrectly.Bioprintingmaybearelativelynewfieldbuttheresultssofarareencouraging.Stemcells,whichhavethepotentialtoturnintoseveraltypesofcells,arebeingusedtocreatebone.Organprintingcanimprovethehealthofsocietyingeneralbywipingouttheproblemofdiseasescausedbyorganfailure,costlytreatmentsandsocialcare.Thatpromisemaybeyearsawayfromrealizationbutrapidprototyping(原型技術(shù))enabledbybioprintingispushingmedicaladvancesforwardatpace.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A.Cells. B.Bioinks.C.Nutrients. D.Biologicalstands.13.Whatshouldwepayattentiontowhenusingbioprinting?AThesortofhumanorgans.B.Thethicknessofbioinks.C.Theforceofsqueezing.D.Theorderofcells.14Whatcanweinferfromthe3rdand4thparagraphs?A.Theprocessofbioprintingispractical.B.Bioreactorsystemstendnottodamagecells.C.Most3Dprinterslimitthebiologicalmaterials.D.Laser-assistedbioprintingcanproducemuchtissue.15.Whichisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.BioprintingCuresPeopleofDiseasesB.BioprintingisSimilarto3DPrintingC.BioprintingGetsCarefromSocietyD.BioprintingHasMuchPotential【12~15題答案】【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過介紹生物打印所需材料、切實可行的過程和相關(guān)用途等告訴讀者：生物打印的發(fā)展很有前景?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Bioinkshavetooperateunderconditionsthataresuitabletoliving,growingtissue,sotheycannotreallybeprintedattemperaturesthattopbodytemperature.(生物墨水必須在適合活的、正在生長的組織的條件下運行，所以它們不能在最高體溫的溫度下打印)”可知，生物墨水必須在適合的條件下工作，所以它們不能在高于體表溫度的狀況下打印。由此可推知，畫線詞they指代的是生物墨水。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Most3Dprintersoperatebysqueezingmaterialthroughapipeandbioprinterscanusesqueezingtoo,thoughcarehastobetakennottodamagecellsthroughextremeforce.(大多數(shù)3D打印機(jī)通過管道擠壓材料來操作，生物打印機(jī)也可以使用擠壓技術(shù)，但必須小心，以免通過極端的力量破壞細(xì)胞。)”可知，生物打印機(jī)也可以通過擠壓原料的方式運作，不過要注意不能過度用力，否則會損壞細(xì)胞。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Perhapsthesimplestformofbioprintingisinkjetprinting.Bioinkissprayedthroughtinytubessoithastobealmostliquidandthislimitsthebiologicalmaterialsthatcanbeprinted.(也許最簡單的生物打印形式是噴墨打印。生物墨水是通過微小的管道噴射的，所以它必須幾乎是液體，這限制了生物材料可以打印。)”再結(jié)合文章第四段“Oncethebioprinterhasdoneitswork,thepost-processingstagebegins.Bioreactorsystemsareoftenemployedtohelpthetissuegrowup.Theycanbeusedtocopytheforcesandbiochemicalsupportthattissueneedstogrowanddifferentiatecorrectly.(一旦生物打印完成工作，后處理階段就開始了。生物反應(yīng)器系統(tǒng)經(jīng)常被用來幫助組織生長。它們可以用來復(fù)制組織生長和正確分化所需的力量和生化支持。)”可知，噴墨印刷是最簡單的生物印刷形式。生物打印機(jī)通過擠壓原料的方式運作。其他技術(shù)，如激光輔助生物打印或電紡也非常精準(zhǔn)。一旦生物打印機(jī)完成工作，生物反應(yīng)器系統(tǒng)經(jīng)常會被用來幫助組織生長。由此可推知，生物打印的過程是切實可行的。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Thatpromisemaybeyearsawayfromrealizationbutrapidprototypingenabledbybioprintingispushingmedicaladvancesforwardatpace.(這一承諾可能多年后才能實現(xiàn)但原型技術(shù)通過生物打印速度向前推動醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步)”并且結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文通過介紹生物打印所需材料、切實可行過程和相關(guān)用途等告訴讀者：生物打印技術(shù)很有前景。因此，D項適合本文標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thereisnoescapingourevolutionintoacashlesssociety.Theideathatalltransactions(交易)canbecompleteddigitallyisbecomingmorerealisticdaybyday.____16____Asitis,peopleincreasinglydemandlow-touchorcontactlesspaymentswithgrowingconcernsoverthespreadofvirusesanddiseases.Acashlesssocietywouldgiverisetoaneweraforfinancialdeals.Thekeybenefitswouldincludelowercrimerates,easierforeigntransactions,andreducedrisksandcosts.Theideaofacashlesssocietyappearsverycommoninoursociety.____17____Economicinequalityandinclusivity(包容性)arefundamentalissuesstillpresentworldwide.____18____Theunbankedandpoorcouldfacesignificantchallengeswithdigitalmodesofpayment.Infact,mostoftheunbankedviewthecashlessmovementasanunfairactagainstthosewithoutbankaccounts.Foracashlesssociety,thereneedstobeanunderstandingandacceptancebygovernmentsandpaymentprovidersofthefinancialinclusionissuescurrentlyinexistence.____19____Therearealsotheelderlyandthedisabledwhofacetheirownchallengeswithrapiddigitalizationandtechnologicaladvancement.TherearestillpartsofsocietythatlacktrustindigitalpaymentsorhavebarrierstoaccessingmobilephonesandtheInternet.____20____Itisalsoabouttolaunchanationaldigitalcurrency(貨幣),theworld’sfirst.Nearlyeverythingcanbetransactedbydigitalmeanshere.AswepreparefortheconsequenceofCOVID-19,andusethemodelsetbyChina,othercountriesneedtotakeituponthemselvestoprovideaharmonious,effective,andcashlesssociety—onethatdoesnotleaveanyonebehind.A.However,thisisfarfromreality.B.Severalcountrieshaveenteredcashlesssociety.C.Acashlesssocietymightactuallyworsentheseproblems.D.COVID-19hasspedupthemoveawayfromphysicalcash.E.InChina,fouroutofeveryfivepaymentsarenowcashless.F.Itisn’tjusttheunbankedwhoareatriskofbeingleftbehind.G.Sofinancialinclusionneedstobethecorevalueinacashlesssociety.【16~20題答案】【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.F20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無現(xiàn)金社會已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢，以及所存在的問題。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thereisnoescapingourevolutionintoacashlesssociety.(我們無法逃避向無現(xiàn)金社會的演變。)”和后文“Asitis,peopleincreasinglydemandlow-touchorcontactlesspaymentswithgrowingconcernsoverthespreadofvirusesanddiseases.(事實上，人們越來越多地要求低接觸或非接觸支付，因為人們越來越擔(dān)心病毒和疾病的傳播。)”可知，無現(xiàn)金是一種社會趨勢，新冠肺炎加速了這種趨勢。所以選項D“COVID-19hasspedupthemoveawayfromphysicalcash.(新冠肺炎加快了人們遠(yuǎn)離實物現(xiàn)金的步伐。)”符合上下文語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Acashlesssocietywouldgiverisetoaneweraforfinancialdeals.Thekeybenefitswouldincludelowercrimerates,easierforeigntransactions,andreducedrisksandcosts.Theideaofacashlesssocietyappearsverycommoninoursociety.(無現(xiàn)金社會將帶來金融交易的新時代。主要的好處包括降低犯罪率，更容易的國外交易，以及降低風(fēng)險和成本。無現(xiàn)金社會的觀念在我們的社會中很普遍。)”及下文存在的問題可知，雖然無現(xiàn)金社會有很多的好處，但離全社會普及的現(xiàn)實還很遠(yuǎn)。所以選項A“However,thisisfarfromreality.(然而，這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不是現(xiàn)實。)”符合上下文語境。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Economicinequalityandinclusivityarefundamentalissuesstillpresentworldwide.(經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等和包容性仍然是世界范圍內(nèi)的基本問題。)”和后文“Theunbankedandpoorcouldfacesignificantchallengeswithdigitalmodesofpayment.(無銀行賬戶和窮人可能面臨數(shù)字支付模式的重大挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，這里陳述無現(xiàn)金社會可能會讓原來存在的問題更加的惡化。所以選項C“Acashlesssocietymightactuallyworsentheseproblems.(無現(xiàn)金社會實際上可能會使這些問題惡化。)”符合上下文語境。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Foracashlesssociety,thereneedstobeanunderstandingandacceptancebygovernmentsandpaymentprovidersofthefinancialinclusionissuescurrentlyinexistence.(對于一個無現(xiàn)金社會，政府和支付提供商需要理解和接受當(dāng)前存在的普惠金融問題。)”和后文“Therearealsotheelderlyandthedisabledwhofacetheirownchallengeswithrapiddigitalizationandtechnologicaladvancement.(隨著數(shù)字化和科技的快速發(fā)展，老年人和殘障人士也面臨著自身的挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，這里陳述建立無現(xiàn)金社會需要考慮到無銀行賬戶的人、老年人和殘障人士。所以選項F“Itisn’tjusttheunbankedwhoareatriskofbeingleftbehind.(不只是那些沒有銀行賬戶的人有被拋在后面的危險。)”符合上下文語境。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itisalsoabouttolaunchanationaldigitalcurrency(貨幣),theworld’sfirst.Nearlyeverythingcanbetransactedbydigitalmeanshere.AswepreparefortheconsequenceofCOVID-19,andusethemodelsetbyChina,othercountriesneedtotakeituponthemselvestoprovideaharmonious,effective,andcashlesssociety—onethatdoesnotleaveanyonebehind.(它還將推出全球首個國家級數(shù)字貨幣。在這里，幾乎所有事情都可以通過數(shù)字方式進(jìn)行交易。在我們準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)對新冠肺炎疫情并借鑒中國模式的同時，其他國家需要自己承擔(dān)起責(zé)任，提供一個和諧、有效、無現(xiàn)金的社會——一個不會讓任何人掉隊的社會。)”可知，這里陳述中國無現(xiàn)金社會的普及情況。所以選項E“InChina,fouroutofeveryfivepaymentsarenowcashless.(在中國，現(xiàn)在五分之四的支付都是無現(xiàn)金支付。)”符合上下文語境。故選E。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwastakinganapwhenaloudnoisewokeme.Outsidethewindowinaparkinglot,acarhadjust____21____intoachain-linkfence.Thefencebentoutinexactlythe____22____ofthecar’sbackend.Ashortmanwearingashirtunbuttonedto____23____hischestgotoutofthecar,withashavenhead.Idislikedhimonsight.Afterafewsecondsof____24____thedamage,themantriedtorepairthat.Hefirstattemptedtopullthe____25____fencebackintoplace,butitwouldn’tmove.Itookadrinkfromtheglass,silentlycheering.Thenhepulledagainstthefence’ssupportpole,whichbent____26____andwasmorelikelytorecover.Butthepolesuddenlybroke.Ilaughedoutloudthistime.Thiswas____27____.Hewentbacktohiscar.Hemustbegoingtoleaveallthechaosbehindforsomeoneelsetotidyup.That,Ithought,wouldbethe____28____.Buthereappearedafewminuteslaterwithsome____29____andgottoworkusingthem.Hefixedthefence,andeven_____30_____itusingasupportbarboughtfromanearbygrocery.Nowitwouldbeextra_____31_____,strongerthanbefore.Thismanwasactuallya_____32_____forme,andIwasthelazyone.Myshallowassumptionswereallaboutmyself.Iwouldn’tfixthatfenceandwould_____33_____.Yearslater,Istilllookoutofmywindowatthat_____34_____.Itstilllooksnew.Anditmakesme_____35_____whatelsethatmanhasmadebetter,andhowIcanmakemyselfmorelikehim.21.A.backedup B.damaged C.pulledup D.went22.A.spot B.direction C.space D.shape23.A.expose B.hide C.protect D.cover24.A.discovering B.preserving C.witnessing D.assessing25.A.balanced B.cracked C.fixed D.ruined26.A.seriously B.simply C.slightly D.easily27.A.unique B.surprising C.ridiculous D.strange28.A.intention B.end C.plan D.cost29.A.sticks B.tools C.helpers D.approaches30.A.constructed B.improved C.decorated D.updated31.A.secure B.beautiful C.beneficial D.complicated32.A.model B.mender C.master D.volunteer33.A.leavebehind B.runaway C.dropout D.turnround34.A.car B.lot C.man D.fence35.A.question B.doubt C.wonder D.predict【21~35題答案】【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.D25.D26.C27.C28.B29.B30.B31.A32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者從窗外看到一個“粗俗”的男人撞壞停車場鐵絲網(wǎng)圍欄，原以為他會棄之不理，他卻將圍欄修得比之前還好。作者為自己的膚淺揣測感到慚愧并想向那個人學(xué)習(xí)。【21題詳解】考查動詞(短語)詞義辨析。句意：在一個停車場的窗外，一輛汽車倒車時撞到了鐵柵欄上。A.backedup倒退；B.damaged傷害，損壞；C.pulledup停車，拔起；D.went走，變得。根據(jù)下文的“thecar’sbackend”可知，一輛車倒車時把鐵絲網(wǎng)圍欄撞變形了。backup“后退，倒(車)”。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：柵欄彎了出來，形狀和汽車的尾部一模一樣。A.spot地點，斑點；B.direction方向；C.space空間；D.shape形狀。由“the___2___ofthecar’sbackend”可知，圍欄被車尾撞變形了，彎曲成車尾的形狀。intheshapeof“呈現(xiàn)出……的形狀”。故選D。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個身材矮小的男人從車?yán)镒吡顺鰜恚┲患r衫，沒有扣扣子，露出了胸部，還剃了個光頭。A.expose暴露；B.hide躲藏；C.protect保護(hù)；D.cover覆蓋。根據(jù)上文的“wearingashirtunbuttoned”可知，他穿了件襯衫，沒系扣子，露出胸膛。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在評估了幾秒鐘的損失后，這個人試圖修復(fù)它。A.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.preserving保留；C.witnessing目睹；D.assessing評估。根據(jù)下文的“tried”，“attempted...backintoplace”等可知，此處表示在評估了幾秒鐘的損失后，這個人試圖修復(fù)它。故選D。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：首先試圖把毀壞的柵欄拉回原位，但它不動。A.balanced平衡的；B.cracked有裂縫的；C.fixed固定的；D.ruined被破壞的。根據(jù)第一段的“acarhadjust___1___intoachain-linkfence”可知，圍欄被撞了，故此處表示毀壞的圍欄。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他用力拉了拉圍欄的支撐桿，支撐桿稍微彎曲了一點，恢復(fù)起來的可能性更大。A.seriously嚴(yán)重地；B.simply簡單地；C.slightly稍微；D.easily容易地。根據(jù)下文的“wasmorelikelytorecover”可知，圍欄的支柱稍微彎曲，更有可能修復(fù)。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是可笑的。A.unique獨一無二的；B.surprising令人驚訝的；C.ridiculous可笑的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)上文的“Butthepolesuddenlybroke.Ilaughedoutloudthistime(但是這根桿突然就斷了，這一次我笑出聲來了)”可知，作者認(rèn)為那一幕很可笑。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想，這就是結(jié)束了。A.intention目的，意圖；B.end結(jié)束；C.plan計劃；D.cost成本。由下文的“Buthereappeared”可知，作者之前以為這件事就這樣結(jié)束了。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但幾分鐘后，他帶著一些工具又出現(xiàn)了，并開始使用它們。A.sticks棍子；B.tools工具；C.helpers助手；D.approaches方法。根據(jù)下文的“gottoworkusingthem”可知，此人是回去拿修理的工具了。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他修好了柵欄，甚至用從附近雜貨店買來的支撐桿來改善它。A.constructed修建；B.improved改善；C.decorated裝飾；D.updated更新。根據(jù)上文的“even”和下文的“usingasupportbar”可知，他修好了圍欄，甚至還用一個支撐桿把圍欄修得更好，因此空格處是“改善”，最后一段的“thatmanhasmadebetter”也是暗示。故選B。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在它會更加安全，比以前更堅固。A.secure牢固的；B.beautiful美麗的；C.beneficial有益的；D.complicated復(fù)雜的。上文提到他把圍欄修得更好，再根據(jù)下文的“strongerthanbefore”可知，此處表示圍欄分外牢固結(jié)實了。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個人其實是我的榜樣，而我是懶的那個。A.model榜樣；B.mender修理工；C.master大師；D.volunteer志愿者。根據(jù)最后一句的“andhowIcanmakemyselfmorelikehim”可知，作者意識到男子實際上是他的一個榜樣。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我不會修柵欄，我會逃跑。A.leavebehind遺留；B.runaway跑掉；C.dropout退出；D.tumround轉(zhuǎn)身。根據(jù)上文的“Hemustbegoingtoleaveallthechaosbehindforsomeoneelsetotidyup”和“assumptionswereallaboutmyself”可知，作者認(rèn)為如果當(dāng)時是他的話，他不會去修理圍欄，而是逃之夭夭。故選B。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年以后，我仍然看著窗外的柵欄。A.car汽車；B.lot場地；C.man男人；D.fence柵欄。結(jié)合語境以及下文的“Itstilllooksnew”可知，多年以后，作者仍然會望向窗外的圍欄。fence貫穿全文，推動故事的發(fā)展。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我想知道那個人還做了什么更好的事情，我怎樣才能讓自己更像他。A.question質(zhì)疑；B.doubt懷疑；C.wonder想知道；D.predict預(yù)測。由“whatelsethatmanhasmadebetter”可知，作者想知道那位男子還做了什么更好的事情，而自己怎么才能更像他。故選C。第Ⅱ卷(55分)第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SelahSchneiter,ten,hasbecomeoneoftheyoungestpeople___36___(climb)ElCaptain,inYosemiteNationalPark,inCalifornia.Selahclimbedto___37___3,000-footpeakwithherfather,Mike,andfamilyfriendMark.GettingtothetopofElCapitanisnoeasytask.Itis___38___(tall),asisreported,thanthetallestbuildingintheworld—Dubai’sBurjKhalifa.Thoughsomehavedied___39___anattempttoconquer(征服)Dubai’sBurjKhalifa,manymore___40___(include)Selah’sparentshavefinishedthejourney.About15yearsago,Selah’sfatherandmother___41___(meet)onaclimbingtripupthemountain.Selahthoughtreachingthetopwasagreatchallenge,butthehardestpartwasgettingdown.“You’recarryingeverything,andyou’re___42___(deep)tired,”shesaid.Sincetheparkdoesnotkeepthosekindsof___43___(record),it’sunclearifSelahistheyoungestclimberwhomakesthetrip.Selahlivesinafamily___44___everyonelovestoclimb.Theyevenhaveaclimbingwallinthegarage.“I’mso____45____(pride)ofher,justtoseehowbigherheartwasandhowstrongshewas,”herdadtoldreporters.【36~45題答案】【答案】36.ud【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了10歲的SelahSchneiter已經(jīng)成為在加利福尼亞州約塞米蒂國家公園攀登ElCapitan峰的最年輕的人之一。文章還介紹了登這座山的一些困難之處，以及她和她的家人對此的看法?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：10歲的SelahSchneiter已經(jīng)成為在加利福尼亞州約塞米蒂國家公園攀登ElCapitan峰的最年輕的人之一。people由最高級th