狀語從句的講解就是用一句話作狀語分為：時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，方式，原因，結(jié)果，條件，讓步，目的，比較一、時(shí)間狀語從句第一次見到你一見到你我就喜歡上了你直到見到你五歲時(shí)見到你When,as,while,before,after,since,till/until,assoonasnosooner…than…scarcely…when…h(huán)ardly…when…theminutethesecondtheinstantthemomentbythetime截止immediatelyinstantlydirectlyeachtimeeverytimenexttimethefirsttimeondoingsthwhenwhile當(dāng)…時(shí)as1.when1）當(dāng)…時(shí)/延續(xù)性動詞短暫性動詞都可用2）這時(shí)/3）屆時(shí)、到時(shí)IwaswatchingTVwhenmycellphonesuddenlyrang這時(shí)WhenIwasfiveyearsoldIcouldspeakfivelanguagesThewetweatherwillcontinuetommorowwhenacoldfrontisexpectedtoarrive屆時(shí)到時(shí)注意：時(shí)間狀語從句中動作發(fā)生有前后時(shí)先發(fā)生的用過去完成時(shí)WhenmymothercamebackIhadalreadygonetobed.2.while1）從句動詞延續(xù)性2）同時(shí)發(fā)生3）對比的意味“然而”4）趁著Hetaughthimselfwhileheworkedinabank延續(xù)性動詞當(dāng)他在銀行上班時(shí)Whilewewereworkingtheywerehavingarest.對比Whiletheywerehavingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.同時(shí)Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethatwhiletheyareyoung趁著她們還年輕我想讓姑娘們體驗(yàn)一下對比：Ipreferblacktea,whilehelikescoffee3.As1)當(dāng)…時(shí)2）一邊...一邊3)隨著Asthechildrenwalkedalongthestreet,theysanghappily.當(dāng)孩子們Hesangashedanced一邊一邊Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder隨著4.before1）在…前2）前加一段時(shí)間直到…才…3)還沒來得及4)要過…時(shí)間才I’llbebackbeforeyouleaveItmaybemanyyearsbeforewemeetagain可能要過很多年我們才能見面ThestudentsrushedoutsidebeforeIcouldfinishedmyword還沒等我講完ItwillbethreeweeksbeforehefinishedhisworkItwon’tbelongbeforehefinishedhiswork.用不了多久5.afterAftermyfriendgotmarried,shewenttoliveinAmerica6.since自從主句一般為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)We’venevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollegeGreatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft7.till/untill肯定句中可互換直到…為止否定句中只用not…until…直到…才Notuntil放句首句子部分倒裝（倒裝主句）Donaldwillremainincollegeuntil/tillhefinishedhisPhDcourseDonaldwon’tleavecollegeuntilhefinishedhisPhDcourseIwon’tgowithyouuntilIfinishedmyhomeworkNotuntilmymothercamebackdidIgotobed8.assoonasIgavethealarmassoonasIsawthesmoke.一看見冒煙就發(fā)出警報(bào)Hewillbesetfreeassoonasthefineispaid9.theminuteThesecondTheinstant瞬間片刻立即的立刻的素食的ThemomentTheminutewegothome,thetelephonerang10.nosooner…than…Scarcely…when…Hardly…when…Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.ThefanshadhardlyseenthemoviestarwhentheycriedThefanshadscarcelyseenthemoviestarwhentheycried注意：他們提前句子部分倒裝NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorainScarcelyhadthefansseenthemoviestarwhentheycried11.名詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句ThefirsttimeIsawyouImistookyouforafilmstarNexttimeIseeyouIwilltellyouthetruthEverytime/eachtimeIseethispictureIthinkofmyhometown.12.On+doing一…就…Onarrivinghome,hediscoveredtheyhadgone一到家發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)走了13.immediatelyinstantlydirectlyImmediatelyshehadgone,Irememberedhername.她剛走開我就想起了她的名字14.bythetime1)從句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句用將來完成時(shí)2）從句是一般過去時(shí)主句用過去完成時(shí)Bythetimeyoureceivethisletter,IwillhaveleftthiscityIshallhavefinisheditbythetimeyoucomeback你回來以前我就做完了BythetimeIgotthere,thebushadalreadyleft.注意：assoonasafterbefore常與過去完成時(shí)連用AfterIhadfinishedmyhomeworkIwenttosleepBeforeIwenttosleepIhadfinishedmyhomeworkAssoonasIhadfinishedmyhomeworkIwentotsleep.但是如果不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的先后都可以用一般過去時(shí)AfterIfinishedmyhomeworkIwenttosleep/二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句一、Where在…地方wherever無論哪里anywhere任何地方everywhere到處1.whereYoushouldputthebookwhereyoufounditWemustcampwherewecanfindwaterYouhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.2.whereverwhereverthereissmoke,thereisfirepleaseputthecupwhereverthatisconvinient3.anywhereYoucanputitanywhereyoulikeIcan’tstayanywheretherearealotofpeople4.everywhereEverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.去到的每一處都看到同樣的情況Ihavesearchedeverywherethereisaclue二、與定語從句的區(qū)別1.定語從句中where是關(guān)系副詞在從句中充當(dāng)狀語前面有表示地點(diǎn)的名詞狀語從句中where是從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的從句修飾主句的謂語動詞整個(gè)句子做狀語前面無先行詞Bamboogrowsbestinplaceswhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.Bamboogrowsbestwhereitiswarmandwhereitrainsoften.GobackwhereyoucamefromGobacktotheplacewhereyoucame2.where引導(dǎo)的狀從可放在句首與句末都可而where引導(dǎo)的定語從句只放在句末三、練習(xí)1.headvisedmetolive_______theairisfresherA.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where2.inpeacetoo,theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_______thereishumansufferingA.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever3.ifyouaretravelling____thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyouown.pleasedoastheRomansdoA.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where三、原因狀語從句Becausesinceforasnowthatinthatbecauseof既然鑒于inasmuchas既然鑒于insofaras鑒于考慮到consideringthatseeingthatgiventhatForthereasonthat由于…原因duetothefactthat由于…事實(shí)owingtothefactthat1.because1）語氣最強(qiáng)常放句末2）回答why的問句3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotuplate.HeisdisappointedbecausehefailedagainBecausehefailedagainsoheisdisappointed錯(cuò)不能出現(xiàn)so注意;because前可以加程度副詞simplybecausejustmerelymainlyItisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation2.since語氣弱一些表示對方已知的已經(jīng)存在的原因“既然”常常放句首Sinceyouarenotinterested,Iwon’ttellyouaboutitSincenooneisagainstit,wewillpassit通過了3.as“由于’表示較為明顯的原因常放句首Asitissnowing,you’dbettertakeataxiAsyourequestit,Iwillcome4.for1)表示猜測的原因放句末用逗號隔開2)多用于書面語不表示直接原因?qū)η懊娴木渥痈綆дf明Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetIwenttoseehim,forIhadsomethingtotellhim.Iwanttobeanengineer,forit’smydream5.nowthat既然=since表示新出現(xiàn)的情況促成某事的發(fā)生放句首居多已經(jīng)有的情況目前的狀況Steven,IheardthattheflighttickettoAmericaischeaprecently.Nowthatyouhavetime,whynotwegotheretogether.Nowthatwecan’tchangethefact,let’hat僅因?yàn)榫鸵驗(yàn)橛邢拗埔馕抖嘤糜诜穸ㄖ蠸omeoldpeopleonlyrememberhappythingsinthattheycan’tgetusedtothisfastsocietyIdon’tlikesportsinthatIamgoodatit7.inasmuchasinsofaras既然鑒于Insofarasitisnotmyfault,Idon’tcare.Inasmuchasthedebtorhasnoproperty,Iabandonmyclaim8.consideringthat考慮到鑒于補(bǔ)充說明Sheknowsquitealotaboutit,considering(that)sheisveryyoung.Consideringthatsheisjustachild,Iamnotverystrictwithher9.seeingthat由于因?yàn)殍b于已有情況Seeingthathe’sbeensickallweek,heisunlikelytocometoday.SeeingthatyoulivenextdoortoMrBlack,youshouldrecognizeher.10.forthereasonthat很正式的書面表達(dá)DuetothefactthatOwingtothefactthatIleftthatcountryduetothefactthatIcan’tacceptitscultureForthereasonthatOwingtothefactthat11.giventhat由于鑒于Giventhatyouarenewhere,Iwillshowyouaround.四、條件狀語從句一、Ifunless=ifnotifonlyaslongas=solongasoncondition(that)incase假如以防萬一provided(that)=providing(that)suppose(that)=supposing(that)once1.if如果1）真實(shí)條件句2）非真實(shí)條件句（虛擬語氣）Ifitdoesn’trainwewillgoclimbingIfyouhaveanyquestion,youcanvoicethemnow.可以提出來主將從先主情從現(xiàn)IfIwereabird,Iwouldfly2.unless=ifnotYouwillbelate,unlessyouhurry=You’llbelate,ifyoudon’thurryIfyoudon’tvisithimtomorrow,hewillbeangry=Unlessyouvisithimtomorrowhe’llbeangryIwon’tforgiveyouunlessyouapologize=Iwon’tforgiveyou,Ifyoudon’tapologize3.ifonly只要如果要是…就好了I’llletyouusemycar,ifonlyyoureturnit省略主句用虛擬IfonlyheknewEnglish4.incaseTakeacoatincasetheweatherturnscold主祈使從現(xiàn)IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit如果我忘了請?zhí)嵝盐襂’llgiveyoumyphonenumberincaseyouwanttocontactme主將從現(xiàn)注意：incaseof+名詞表?xiàng)l件以防inthatcase在那種情況下Incaseofraintheycan’tgotothepark萬一下雨他們就不能去公園了Inthatcase,hewouldbepunished情況如此他就會收到懲罰5.aslongas=solongas只要如果主將從現(xiàn)主情從現(xiàn)Aslongasitdoesn’train,wecangotoplayAslongas/solongaswedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficultyYoucangotoseethefilmas/solongasyouarriveontime只要你按時(shí)到你就能去看這場電影注意：aslongas還有…之久的意思Youcankeepitaslongasyoucan=Youcankeepitaslongaspossible你可以盡量久地保留它6.onconditiongthat條件是只要I’llcomeonconditonthatAmyisinvitedtoo我可以來?xiàng)l件是艾米也被邀請了7.provided(that)=providing(that)Providingthereisnoobjection,weshallmakeadecisionHewon’tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovided(that)weaskforhisadvice只要我們征求他的意見8.suppose(that)=supposing(that)假如假設(shè)Supposingitrains,shallwevisitthemuseum?Supposethatyouareafamouswriter,doyouliketowritesuchabook?9.onceI’llmakefriendsonceI’msettledinParis.二、時(shí)態(tài)的一致1.時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中遵從主將從現(xiàn)主情從現(xiàn)主祈使從現(xiàn)He’llbeadoctorwhenhefinishesstudyinghere.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llstart出發(fā)Ifyougetthebook,letmeknow.Ifyoulike,youcanstayherefortheweekend.在這里過周末Ifyoudrink,don’tdrive2.如果謂語是wanthope等動詞，則條件狀從一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Whatdoyouwanttodoifyouhavemuchmoney?IhopetoseeherifI’mfree3.有些句子中主從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Ifyouringthisnumber,nooneanswersIfyoupresstheswitch,thecomputercomeson如果你按這個(gè)開關(guān)計(jì)算機(jī)就會啟動4.條件狀從中也可用的will表示意愿Ifyouwon’tgo,youneedn’tgo/won’tgo如果你不愿意去，那就不去Ifyou’lljustwaitamoment,I’llfindsomeonetohelpyou如果你愿意等一會我會找人幫你五、目的狀語從句Sothatinorderthatlest以免forfearthat唯恐sothatincase以免1.sothat為了Ispokeslowlysothatyoucouldunderstandme.2.inorderthat為了Sheraisedhervoiceinorderthatshemightbeheard=sheraisedhervoicesothatshemightbeheard注意：inorderthat與sothat可以改為不定式做目的狀語=inordertodosoastodotodoSheraisedhervoicesoastobeheard因?yàn)閟oastodo不可以放句首Inordertobeheardsheraisedhervoice=sheraisedhervoiceinordertobeheardTobeheardsheraisedhervoice=sheraisedhervoicetobeheard3.lest以防常用于虛擬語氣lestsb(should)doIwrotedownthedateofhisbirthdaylestIshouldforgetitIwasafraidtoopenthedoorlestheshouldfollowme4.forfear(that)常與虛擬連用forfearthatsbshould/may/mightdoShutthewindowforfearthatitmayrainHetookanumbrellawithhimforfearthatitmightrain5.incaseHetookagunincasehemetanywildanimals他帶上槍以防遇到野獸6.so這樣為了CometomyhousesoIcouldtellyouallaboutitHewrotetheBibleinEnlishsoallcouldreadit7.thatLet’stakethefrontseatsthatwemayseemoreclearly.六、結(jié)果狀語從句一、So…thatsuch…thatsothatthatso1.so…that如此以至于中間加形容詞和副詞Heworkedsohardthathepassedtheexam副詞Theyweresoexcitedthattheycriedout如此激動以至于大喊大叫形容詞注意：1)So位于句首句子倒裝Hewasinjuredsobadlythathehadtobesenttothehospital.SobadlywasheinjuredthathehadtobesenttothehospitalThenovelwassoboringthathegaveupreadingitSoboringwasthenovelthathegaveupreadingit2)如果結(jié)果狀從是否定可以替換成too…to..句型Davidwassocarelessthathedidn’tfindthemistakesinhistestpaper.Davidwastoocarelesstofindthemistakesinhistestpaper.2.such…that加名詞HewassuchafoolthathemadeaterriblemistakeThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishthatevenlittlechildrencanunderstandit.注意：such位于句首倒裝Suchagoodboyishethatwealllovehim注意：當(dāng)有形容詞的時(shí)候中間加單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞itgavehimsuchashockthathisfaceturnedwhite使他如此震驚以至于他的臉都白了ThisissuchausefuldictionarythatI’mthinkingofbuyingitThisissousefuladictionarythatI’mthinkingofbuyingitHeissuchacleverboythatalltheteacherslikehimHeissocleveraboythatalltheteacherslikehim2)中間加不可數(shù)名詞只用such對Heshowedsuchconcernthatpeopletookhimtobeafriend他展示出如此的關(guān)心人們都把他當(dāng)朋友了錯(cuò)Heshowedsoconcernthatpeopletookhimtobeafriend對Itissuchniceweatherthatallofuswanttogotothepark錯(cuò)Itissoniceweatherthatallofuswanttogotothepark3).中間是負(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞TheyaresuchdifficultproblemsthatIdon’tknowhowtosettlethem.HemadesuchalotofmistakesthathehadtogiveupTheyaresuchfineteachersthatweallrespectthem4）中間是muchlittlemanyfew時(shí)SuchalittleboyhassolittledifficultyinworkingoutthisdifficultproblemthatIadmirehimverymuch這樣小的孩子解這道題遇到如此少的困難我很羨慕他HehadsomuchworktodothathehadtoworklateintothenightTherearesofewnotebookstheIcan’tgiveyouany筆記本太少以至于我一本也不能給你TherearemanykindsofbikesthatIdon’tknowwhichtobuy5)such=so+adjHisvoiceissuchthatwecan’tbearit3.sothatHeworkedhardsothathepassedtheexamIstayeduplatelastnightsothatIfeelsleepynow4.that以至于TheweatheristerriblyhotthatIwanttohaveashowerthreetimesaday5.so以至于結(jié)果Heplayedcomputergameseverydaysohefailedthefinalexam二、sothat即引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句也引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句目的為了結(jié)果以至于結(jié)果…目的狀從中常和cancouldmaymightwillwould等情態(tài)動詞連用Thelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresent能夠買Thelittleboysavedeverycoinsothatheboughthismotherapresent，每一枚硬幣結(jié)果買了Healwaysstudiedhardsothathemaymakegreatprogress這樣他才可以取得（目的）Healwaysstudiedhardsothathemadegreatprogress結(jié)果他取得了很大進(jìn)步七、讓步狀語從句ThoughAlthoughEvenifEventhoughaswhileHowever+adj/adv=nomatterhowWhatever=nomatterwhatwhoever=nomatterwhowhomever=nomatterwhomWhichever=nomatterwhichwherever=nomatterwherewhenever=nomatterwhenDespiteinspiteof1.although=though盡管雖然它們不可以與but連用但是可以與yetstill連用Although/thoughheistired,he(still)keepsonworkinghard2.asThough用倒裝表示讓步盡管雖然1).倒裝名詞Although/thoughheisachild,hecanspeakfivelanguagesChildthough/asheis,hecanspeakfivelanguages2)倒裝副詞Although/thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogressHardthough/asheworks,hemakeslittleprogress3)倒裝動詞Although/thoughyoumayobject,I’llcarryouttheexperiment.Objectthough/asyoumay,I’llcarryouttheexperiment.4)倒裝形容詞Tiredthough/asheis,he(still)keepsonworkinghardAmazingasitmayseemWednesdaynightwasaquietnight.3.while盡管雖然WhileIunderstandyourpointofview,Idonotshareit盡管我理解你的觀點(diǎn)但是我不茍同4.evenifeventhough即使盡管語氣比althoughthough強(qiáng)烈We’llmakeatripevenif/eventhoughtheweatherisbad.即使天氣不好我們也要做一次旅行Youshouldtrytobenicetohim,eventhoughyoudon’tlikehim盡量對他好Eventhough/Evenifitisraining,I’llgotowork盡管下雨我也要去上班注意：Evenif與eventhough可用于虛擬語氣中Evenif/EventhoughIwereill,Iwouldattendthemeeting即便是我生病我也要去參加會議Evenif/EventhoughIamill,Iwillattendthemeeting即使我生病了我也要參加會議5.despite盡管=inspiteof+名詞引狀語DespiteImisshim,IrefusedtocallhimInspiteofhimillness,hestillwenttoseehisgirlfriend.6.however+adj/adv=nomatterhow+adj/adv無論怎么盡管Nomatterhowdifficulttheproblemmaybe,wewillovercomeit.Howeverdifficulttheproblemmaybe,wewillovercomeit.Nomatterhow/Howeverfastyoucanrun,youstillcan’tcatchupwithhim7.nomatterwhich=whichever無論哪個(gè)Nomatterwhich/whicheveryoulikebest,youhave.無論你喜歡哪個(gè)你都可以擁有8.nomatterwho=whoever無論誰Nomatterwho/whoeveryouare,youmustobeythelaw9.nomatterwhen=whenever無論何時(shí)Nomatterwhen/whenevershecomes,shesaysthesamewords無論她什么時(shí)候來她都說同樣話10.nomatterwhom=whomever無論誰Whomever/Nomatterwhomyouask,youwillnotgettheanswer11.nomatterwhere/wherever無論哪里Nomatterwherehegoes,healwayscarryhissuitcase手提箱12.nomatterwhat=whatever無論什么Nomatterwhatdo,Iwillsupportyou注意：whatever系列可以引導(dǎo)賓從nomatter系列不可以對Youcanbuywhateveryoulike錯(cuò)Youcanbuynomatterwhatyoulike八、方式狀語從句一、用法Asifasthoughjustasasthtwayintheway(in)thesamewayjustas…so…like1.like像…Helookedlikehehadseenaghost他看起來好像見了鬼似的Youtalkedjustlikeyourfatherdoes(省略謂語)2.asif/asthough似乎好像SheactsasthoughsheownstheplaceShetreatshimasifhewasherownson他對待他就像自己的親生兒子一樣3.justas就像Ifinishedtheworkjustasyoutoldme4.as就像Hemustdoasthedoctoradvised他必須按照醫(yī)生說的去做WheninRomedoastheRomansdo5.justas…so…就像Justasyousow,soshallyoureapJustassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic正如有些人喜歡體育有些人喜歡音樂6.theway…方式Y(jié)oushouldoperatethemachinethewayyouweretold用你被告知的方式去操作這臺機(jī)器7.inthewayWemustsolvethisprobleminthewaythatwewantitto我們必須按照我們想要方式解決問題8.(in)thesamewayHeisbehaving(in)thesamewayhisfatherusedto他的行為和他父親過去的行為一樣二、特殊情況1.asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的讓步從句可用于虛擬Heactedasifhewerebrave他表現(xiàn)的似乎很勇敢（與事實(shí)不符）Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain看上去好像要下雨了（與事實(shí)相符）Itsoundsasthoughthesituationwouldgetworse.聽起來好像情況會惡化似的(與將來事實(shí)不符2.從句的省略（當(dāng)主從句的主語一致時(shí)）HelookedatmeasifheweremadHelookedatmeasifmad但是HelookedatmeasifIweremad不可以改HerushedoutsideasifheistocryHerushedoutsideasiftocryHelayongroundasifheweredeadHelayongroundasifdeadHealwaysknowseverythingasifhedoesitbyinstinctHealwaysknowseverythingasifbyinstinct九、比較狀語從句一、用法As…asnotas/so…asmore…thanlessthanthemore…themoremoreandmorenomorethannotmorethan1.as…asHespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)2.notas/so…asIcan’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)I’mnotasprettyasmysister(is)3.morethanHespeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanhisbrother(does)Don’tcarrymorebooksthanweneed4.less…thanJosephislesshonestthanhisbrother(ishonest)5.themore…themore越…就越…Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouareThemoreyoudo,thelesspleasedheis二、特殊用法morethan1.morethan放數(shù)詞前“超過；不止；以上”=overMorethan70percentofthesurfaceofourplanetiscoveredbywater.我們這個(gè)星球表面有70%以上都為水所覆蓋2.morethan放名詞前“不只是；不僅僅”Hibernationismorethansleep.冬眠不僅僅是睡眠。Bambooisusedformorethanbuilding.竹子