英語語法祈使句基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題【導(dǎo)語】英語語法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因為復(fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家了英語語法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。將以下祈使句改為否定式：1.Comehereearly.2.Askhim.3.Pleasewaitforher.4.Readthebookcarefully.5.Situnderthetree,please.6.Let’sgotheretogether.二、選擇最佳答案填空：1.Ifyouaretired,______arest.A.haveB.havingC.tohaveD.had2.______mego.Itisveryimportantforme.A.DoletB.letdoC.DoingletD.Todolet3.Heisnothonest.______believehim.A.NotB.Don’tC.TonotD.Notto4.Ifyouwanttostay,letmeknow,______?A.willyouB.shallweC.doyouD.dowe5.Neverelateagain,______?A.willyouB.won’tC.doyouD.doeshe6._____upearlytomorrow,oryoucan’tcatchthetrain.A.GettingB.GetC.TogetD.Got7._____inthestreet.It’sdangerous.A.NotplayB.NottoplayC.Don’tplayD.Don’ttoplay8.Please______mesomemoney,willyou?A.lendB.lendingC.tolendD.belend9.Thefilmisabouttobegin.Please______seated.A.beB.areC.isD.being10._____theboxes.Youmayusethemlater.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Kept答案請看第二頁【參考答案】一、1.Don’tehereearly.2.Don’taskhim.3.Pleasedon’twaitforher.4.Don’treadthebookcarefully.5.Don’tsitunderthetree,please.6.Don’tlet’sgotheretogether./Let’sdon’tgotheretogether.二、1.—5.AABAA6.—10.BCAAA初三英語上冊知識點：Let引導(dǎo)的祈使句由"let"帶頭的祈使句(ImperativeSentences)是個常見的動詞句型，它的主要用法有下列三種：1.表示“建議”。這個句型里的"let"后頭緊跟著一個第一人稱的代詞賓語，如：(1)Letmetry.(2)Let'sdoit.(3)Letmegoandlookforit.這個句型語氣委婉，比直接的祈使句客氣。試比較(4)a和(4)b:(4)a.Don'tdisturbhim.b.Let'snotdisturbhim.(a)是直接命令，語氣強烈，不如(b)溫柔悅耳。2.表示“間接命令”或“愿望”。這句型里的動詞賓語是第三人稱名詞或代詞，如：(5)LetRoberttakechargeofthemarketingdepartment.(6)Letherjoinourchoir.3.表示“警告”、“蔑視”、“威脅”等。這種祈使句里的賓語也是第三人稱為主。除了口氣兇悍之外，有時還語帶諷刺，如：(7)Lethimtryandhewillexposehisinabilitytoworkonhisown.(8)Lettheinvaderseandourarmedforceswillwipethemoutinnotime.用"let"的祈使句時，必須注意下列幾點：一、"let"的否定句有二。如果賓語是第三人稱用"Don'tlet……"(見例(9));如果賓語是第一人稱，則用"Let……not"(見例(10))：(9)Don'tletthistypeofthingshappenagain.(10)It'srainingnow.Let'snotgooutuntilaftertherain.二、"Let"只適用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，可以有被動語態(tài)(thepassivevoice),如：(11)Lettherecalcitrantcriminalsbesenttoprison.(12)Letallthededicatedcapablestaffbepromoted.三、"Let"后頭除了是不帶"to"的不定式動詞(Theinfinitivewithout"to")之外，還可以是某些適當?shù)母痹~，如out,in,down,alone等：(13)Letthepuppyout.(14)Openthewindowsandletthefreshairin.(15)Theroomistoosunny.Lettheblindsdown.(16)Letmealone,please.四、用"Let's"時，把談話者的對象包括在內(nèi);用"Letus"時，并不包括對方，如：(17)Let'stryit,shallwe?(18)Letusdoitbyourselves,willyou?從(17)里的"shallwe"和(18)里的"willyou"，不難知道前者包括聽話人，后者并沒有。英語語法大全：祈使句【導(dǎo)語】英語語法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼，因為復(fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時難以記憶。為大家了小學(xué)英語語法大全，希望對同學(xué)們的英語語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。祈使句表示請求、命令、建議、邀請等，謂語動詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語，句末用驚嘆好或者句號，用降調(diào)。肯定句：動詞原型Comehere,please.Godownstairs,please.Standup.Sitdown.Bequiet.Becareful.祈使句中如果有喚語，一定要用逗號隔開，放在句首或者句尾：Comein,Amy.Sitdownhere,Tom.Mary,givemeabookplease.否定：Don't+動詞原型Don'tehere.Don'tsitdown.Don'tstandup.Don'tgivemeit.letsb.do讓某人做Letmepass.Letushavearest.Let'shavearest.反意疑問：Let'shaveawalkalongtheriver,shallwe?Letusgooutforadrink,willyou?初中英語句型分類知識點詳解：祈使句一般祈使句句型[(呼語)，(Don't)動詞原形+(賓語)+其他]1.Study,studyandoncemorestudy.2.Workingmenofallcountries,unite!3.LearnfromradeLeiFeng.4.Don'tforgetit.5.Comehere.6.Stopcryingandwipeawayyourtears.句型[(Don't)Be+表語+(其他)]1.Beredandexpert.2.Bebrave,don'tbeafraid.3.Don'tbeshy!4.Becareful,whencrossthestreet.5.Beanhonestperson,speakandacthonestly.3.Don'tbeafraid,speakout.句型[Get+過去分詞/副詞虛助詞+(其他)]1.Getorganized!2.Getdonewithit.3.Getaway!4.Getalongwithyou.5.Getoutofhere.6.Getback.[附注]祈使句一般不用主語，如系多數(shù)人而須指示任務(wù)時可以有主語，這個主語相當于呼語。如：1.Youtalk;wehaveheardenoughfromtheothers.2.Everybodyshuttheireyes.3.Yousweepthefloor,XiaoWang;youcleanthedesks,XiaoLi,andothersfetchwater.其次，大人對孩子說話，或含有急躁、厭煩等情緒，也可加主語you1.Nowyoulistentome.2.Youmustnottalksoloud!3.Nowyougetabitofpaperandwritedown.4.Yourmindyourownbusiness!第三，當句中的副詞虛助詞在句首時，須用主語，如：Inyougo!(=Goin,please.)強語勢祈使句句型62[(肯定句)Do+動詞原形+(其他)]/[(否定句)Never+動詞原形+(其他)]1.Dotellme!2.Dobecareful!3.Doe!4.Dostaywithus!5.Nevertellalie.6.Neverstandrightinthemiddleofyourwork.7.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.句型[No/Noneof+名詞!]1.Nofalsehood!Ourstrengthliesinstatingthetruth.2.TheKingsaid:"hehasstudiedtoomuch,Nobooksandnoteachersanymore!...3.Noneofyourlittlegames!4.Noneofyournonsense!5.Noneofyourimpudence[注1]no是泛指，none所指有一定的范圍[注2]舊時有用forGod'ssake或forgoodness'sake等來加強語氣的。ForGod'ssakedon'tfirethatgun!委婉祈使句句型[Please+動詞原形+(其他)]1.Pleasepassmethedictionary.2.Lendmeyourknife,please.3.Don'tstandpleaseonceremony.4.Movealong,please.5.Pleasehelpyourself![注]文學(xué)作品中please可用pray替代，如：1.Praygohome.2.Pray,goonwithyournextstory.句型[Willyou/Won'tyou/Wouldyou+動詞原形+(其他)]1.Willyouehere?(=Pleaseehere.)2.Willyoudothebeds,whileIdothewindows?3.Helpmewiththisluggage,willyou?4.Won'tyoustayalittlelonger?5.Won'tyouhavesomemore?6."Wouldyoudomeafavor?"-"Why,ofcourse."7.Wouldyoulikeanotherdrink?8.Wouldyoukindlyshowmetheway?[注]疑問句的祈使句還有could,can,may,might,如：Couldyoulendmefiveshillingsuntiltomorrow?Might(May)Iborrowyourpen(for)amoment?句型[Wouldyoumind(not)+動名詞+(其他)]/[Doyoumind(not)+動名詞+(其他)]1."Would(或Do)youmindlendingmeyourdictionary?"-"Certainlynot."2.Wouldyoumindbeinghereatnineo'clock?3."Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?"-"Oh,no,please."4.Doyoumindnotsmokinginthedining-room,please?句型[Whatabout+動名詞+(其他)]/[Howabout+動名詞+(其他)]1.Whataboutstartingworktomorrow?2.Whataboutgoingoutforawalk?3.Howabouttryingtodoitmyway?句型[Be+sogood/kindas+不定式+(其他)]/[Be+good/kindenough+不定式+(其他)]1.Besogoodastoeandjoinusat5o'clock.2.Besokindas(=kindenough)toshutthedoor.3.Begoodenoughtoletmeknowwhenyouwillreturnfromyourholiday.4.BekindenoughtoeandhelpmetostudyEnglish.[注1]句型60,61可與本句型結(jié)合使用，如：1.Willyoubebackearlythisevening,please?2.Willyoubekindenough/sokindastoclosethedoor?3.Wouldyoubesogoodastoposttheletterforme?[注2]有時可以在這些句型前加上just,使語氣更緩和，如：Justlistentoher,please!Justshutthedoor,willyou?建議祈使句句型[Letus/Let's或Let+第三人稱賓語+動詞原形+其他]1.Letusknowthetimeofyourarrival.2.Oh,doletusbefriends.3."Let'sgo."-"yes,let'sgo."4.Let'sstartearly,shallwe?5."Shallheein?"-"lethimwait!"6.Lethimhavehissay.7."NatureandNature'slawslayhidinnight,godsaid'LetNewtonbe'andallwaslight.'[注]let可用于句型55，如：Letmesee."Letmealone.""Pleaseletmeintothehouse."句型[Let+賓語+not}+動詞原形+其他][Don'tlet+賓語+動詞原形+其他]1.Letusnotgo.2.Let'snotwasteouttimearguingaboutit.3.Let'snotdiscussitinclass.4.Don'tletthefireout.5.Don'tletthechildreneneartheedge.6.Pray(please)don'tletusbesplittinghairs…,orthere'llneverbeanendofthecause.[注1]古英語中可采用"Letnot+賓語…"的形式，如：1.Letnotsuesselateyou.(=youshouldnotbeelatedbysuess.)2.Letnotfailuredejectyou[注2]以上三種否定式不可用于間接引語中，如：(誤)Tellhimdon'tletthefireout.(誤)Tellhimletthefirenotout.(誤)Tellhimletnotthefireout.(正)Tellhimnottoletthefireout.句型[Suppose/Supposing+主語+謂語(動詞原形、過去時)+其他]1.Supposeyouringmeup.2.Supposingwegoforaswim.3.Suppose(Supposing)wetrytodoitmyway.4.Supposingwelooked(look)himuptoday.句型[主語+hadbetter+動詞原形+其他]1.We'dbetterstartearly.(=Itwouldbebetterforustostartearly.)2.You'dbetterdoasthedoctorsaysandstayinbed.3.Youhadbettergotothefieldsandhavealook.4.Hadn'tyoubettertakeanumbrella?[注]相當于本句型的還有以下二式：1."…wouldbewell+不定式…"Itwouldbewelltostartearly.2."…mayaswell+原形動詞…"Wemayaswellgo.[附注]建議祈使句還可以用以下動詞來表達1)allow,如：Allowme,Sir,tointroduceyoutomyfellow-travelers.Prayallowmetodetainyouforamoment..2)permit,多用于正式場合，如：Permitmetoexplainfurther.Pleasepermitme,onbehalfofourschool,toextendmyheartfeltgreetingstoyou.其次，也可用陳述句來表達這種概念。如：Youhavetoknockbeforeyouentermyroom.1.Youarenottoeintomyroomwithoutknocking.2.Yououghttoshowhonortoyourteachers.3.WeshouldbethemastersofScience.4.Youaretowriteyournameatthetopofeachsheetofpaper.祝愿句句型[Longlive+第三人稱主語]1.Longliveoursocialistmotherland.2.Longlivethegreat,gloriousandcorrectCommunistPartyofChina.句型[May+第二、三人稱主語+動詞原形+其他]1.Mayyoureturnsoon!2.Mayheneverrepentthisact!3.Mayyousueedinbuildingupastrongandprosperouscountry!4.Mayourtwopeoplesachieveevengreatersuessesinoursocialistconstruction![注]句型69，70可結(jié)合使用。如：Longmayshelivetoenjoyhergoodfortune!有時可用might代替may,如：Rathermighttheyliveinfriendshipforthefuture!句型[(祝愿內(nèi)容)名詞+to+名詞或代詞(被祝愿對象)]1.Eternalglorytothepeople'sheroes!2.Solutetoyou!3.Suesstoyou!4.Alonglifetoyou!5.Atoasttoourfriendship!6.Ahappyjourneytoyou!7.Goodlucktoyou!句型[Ifonly/But+主語+虛擬式謂語+其他]1.IfonlyMarxwerestillbymysidetoseethiswithhisowneyes!2.IfonlyIhadknownthenwhatIknewlongafterwards!3.Ah,ifonlyithadlifeandmovement!4.IfIcouldonlygetsomethingtodo.句型[Oh/O/Ah)名詞+that+主語+虛擬式謂語+其他][Oh/O/Ah)名詞+tobe+表語+其他][Oh/O/Ah)名詞+虛擬式謂語+主語+其他]1.Oh!Thatshecouldebacktolifeagain!2.Othathewerealiveandcouldseethefruitsofhislabor.3.Ah,thatIhadbutknown!4.OthatIhadlistenedtohim!5.Oh,tobeinEnglandnowthatApril'sthere!6.Otobeaboyagain!7.Owereheonlyhere!8.OhadIwings!句型[Be+主語+表語+其他]/[表語+Be+主語+其他]1.Behisbannerunconquered,resistlesshisspear.2.Beoursahappymeeting!3.Lightbeherheartandgayhermerryeyes!4.Sobeit!(=Somayitbe!=Beitso!)5."GoodfriendforJesus'sake,forbearTodigthedustenclosedhere,BlessedbehethatsparesthesestonesAndcurstbehethatmovesmybones."(EpitaphwrittenbyShakespeare)句型[Would(that)+主語+虛擬式謂語+其他]1.Would(that)itwereotherwise!2.Wouldthattheyweresafehomeagain!3.Wouldyouwerewithus!(=Iwishyouwerewithus!)4.WouldIwereascientist!5.Would(that)Iwereyoungagain.6.WouldIwereasstrongasyou.[注]口語中還有各種表示祝愿的說法，如：Goodmorning!AHappyNewYear!AHappyHoliday!Happyjourney!Manyhappyreturns(oftheday)!Goodluckineverything!Mybestwishestoyou!揭示句句型[No+動名詞或名詞!]/[(修飾語)+名詞]1.NoSmoking!2.NoParkingHere!3.NoScribbling(onthewall)!4.NoPassage!2.NoAdmittance!6.NoAdmittanceexceptonbusiness.7.NoSpitting!8.NoTalking!9.NoThoroughfare.10.NoBill(或PostNoBill).11.NottoBeTakenAway!12.Order!13.Interval-10Min.14.TheEnd.15.NightBell.16.Holiday.17.Poison!18.Danger!19.HighTension!20.Attention!(或Lookout!)[注]這種句型還可以用副詞，形容詞，分詞，動詞，詞組或句子來表達，如：Slow;KeepRight;Handsoff;WetPaint;BewareofFire;Upstairs;Downstairs;Push;Pull;ChildrennotAllowed;Engaged;Full,AllFull;Time'sover;Entrance;Exit;Wayout等。口號口令式祈使句句型[副詞虛助詞+with+名詞(或代詞)]1.Downwiththeslavementality!Burydogmatism!2.Awaywithsuperstitionandemancipatethemind.3.Downwiththelandlords!4.Upwiththepoor!5.Upwithit!6.Inwithyou!7.Outwithit!8.Offwithyourhat.9.Offwiththeirheads!10.Onwithyourshoes!句型[名詞+副詞虛助詞!][副詞或比較級副詞!]1.Handsup!2.Handsoff!3.Skatesoff!4.Forwardtonewvictories!5.Louder!6.Higher!7."Forward,men,forward"criesPakenham.8."Away!-away!"criedshewildly.返回：初中英語句型分類知識點詳解xx年中考英語常見考點：感嘆句和祈使句知識點總結(jié)一、感嘆句感嘆句是用來表達喜、怒、哀、樂等強烈感情的一種句式。盡管感嘆句的表現(xiàn)形式多種多樣,但主要的表現(xiàn)形式只有兩種,即what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。what修飾名詞,how修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。1、由感嘆詞what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。what修飾名詞或名詞短語，有以下兩種形式：1)What+a(an)+(形容詞)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!或是：What+名詞詞組+主語+謂語!如：Whatafinedayitis!2)What+(形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!如：Whatkindwomentheyare!Whatnicemusicitis!2、由How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句。how用來修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：How+形容詞(副詞)+主語+謂語!例如：Howhardtheworkersareworking!Howcleverthegirlis!注意：當how修飾動詞時，動詞不跟著感嘆詞提到主語之前。Howfasttherunnerruns!3、what與how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，一般情況下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)換后意義不變。(具體見下)如：Whataninterestingstoryitis!==Howinterestingthestoryis!whatabeautifulbuildingitis!==Howbeautifulthebuildingis!在口語中，感嘆句的主語和謂語常常省略。如：Whatanicepresent!(省略itis)Howdisappointed!(省略sheis或其它可作本句主、謂的詞語)二、祈使句用于表達命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句通常省略主語，謂語動詞用原形，句尾用感嘆號或句號。1、肯定結(jié)構(gòu):1)動詞原形(+賓語)+其它成分。如:Pleasehaveaseathere.請這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動詞可省略。如:Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.請這邊走。2)Be+表語(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分。如:Beagoodboy!要做一個好孩子!3)Let+賓語+動詞原形+其它成分。如:Letmehelpyou.讓我來幫你。2、否定結(jié)構(gòu):1)don't+動詞原形+其他。如:Don'tforgetme!不要忘記我!Don'tbelateforschool!上學(xué)不要遲到!2)Let+賓語+not+動詞原形+其它成分。如:Lethimnotgo.別讓他走。3)有些可用no開頭,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。如:Nosmoking!禁止吸煙!常見考法對于感嘆句和祈使句的考查，常會出現(xiàn)在單選和完成句子中，主要考察兩種句子的用法和構(gòu)成。典型例題：Youshouldnottalkinclass.(改寫同義句)inclass.解析：本題考查祈使句的用法。從題意"你不應(yīng)該在課堂上說話"可知，這是建議對方不要做某事的，應(yīng)該用祈使句。答案：Don'ttalk誤區(qū)提醒感嘆句中what和how的用法區(qū)別，是很多學(xué)生頭疼的地方，實際上區(qū)分它們并不難，只要記?。河行稳菰~直接加名詞的地方，或只有名次的地方，用what，反之用how.典型例題：____strangeclothesheiswearing!A.Wh