Unit1TheChangingWorldTopic2Chinahasthelargestpopulation.SectionD★中考鏈接——狀語從句和賓語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)★初中階段我們所學(xué)的狀語從句主要包括:if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句;because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句等。中考重點(diǎn)考查時(shí)間狀語從句及條件狀語從句的時(shí)態(tài)。即:條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句不用將來時(shí)表將來,而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。其用法常用于這幾種結(jié)構(gòu):①當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)時(shí);②當(dāng)主句是祈使句時(shí);③當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞含有can,may,must等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí);④當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是hope,wish(希望),want等動(dòng)詞時(shí)。對狀語從句的考查要依題意選擇連接詞,尤其還要注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化。中考重點(diǎn)考查賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)及語序。賓語從句的語序一律用陳述句語序(即主。謂的語序);賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)要和主句時(shí)態(tài)相呼應(yīng)。當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)的時(shí)候,賓語從句也要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)(即一般過去時(shí)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。過去將來時(shí)或過去完成時(shí))。具體來說:1。如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,則從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如:①Heknewthathewas(不用is)wrong.他知道他錯(cuò)了。②LiLeitoldmethathewasgettingreadyfortheexamthesedays.李雷告訴我這些日子他正準(zhǔn)備考試。2。如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在主句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后,則從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去將來時(shí)。如:③Myfathersaidintheletterthathewould(不用will)cometoseeme.我父親在信中說他將來看我。3。如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前,則從句須用過去完成時(shí)。如:④Hetoldmewhathehadseen(不用hasseen).他告訴了我他所看到的東西。另外,須注意Couldyou...。引導(dǎo)的句式,在這里不是表示過去時(shí)態(tài),而是表示客氣的請求。如:CouldyoutellmehowIcan(不用could)gettothepostoffice。如果賓語從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí),其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制,而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如:{5}Ourteachersaidlighttravelsfasterthansound.我們老師說光比聲音傳播得快。{6}Mothertoldmetheearthgoesroundthesun.媽媽告訴我地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。從句中有具體的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語時(shí),其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制而仍用一般過去時(shí)。如:{7}UncleWangsaidthathewasbornin1947.王叔叔說他生于1947年。{8}HetoldmethatourPartywasfoundedin1921.他告訴我我黨是在1921年成立的。近年來,不少中考題是將兩類從句(賓語從句與狀語從句)綜合起來考查的。我們所學(xué)的知識中,if和when既可引導(dǎo)賓語從句,也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句,兩者容易混淆。請看:{9}Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfine.{10}Idon'tknowifthetrainhasarrived.句{9}中if引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句。這個(gè)從句表示"條件",修飾主句。整個(gè)句子的意思是"如果明天天氣好,我們就出去。"句{10}中if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞don'tknow的賓語。整個(gè)句子的意思是"我不知道火車是否到了。"從整個(gè)句式看,狀語從句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(除個(gè)別外),而賓語從句只能放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之后。從引導(dǎo)詞看,if充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時(shí),相當(dāng)于whether,詞義為"是否";充當(dāng)從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí),詞義為"如果"。when充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時(shí),詞義為"什么時(shí)候";充當(dāng)從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),詞義為"當(dāng)……的時(shí)候"。從時(shí)態(tài)看,if和when作連接詞,引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),應(yīng)注意:賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化;if和when充當(dāng)從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)表示將來動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的條件狀語從句或時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí),若主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般將來時(shí),則從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。【考題分類】I.賓語從句專練A.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Whendoesthetrainarrive。Pleasetellme.(改為賓語從句)Pleasetellme________________________________.(哈爾濱)2.Whatdoeshedo。Doyouknow。(改為賓語從句)Doyouknow________he________。(呼和浩特)3.Dotheywantfriedchicken。Heaskedtheboys.(改為賓語從句)Heaskedtheboys________they________friedchicken.(福州)4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai。Idon'tknow.(改為賓語從句)Idon'tknow______thewatch________madeinShanghai.(貴陽)5.A."Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew。"Tom'smotheraskedhim.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)B.Tom'smotheraskedhim________________________totrysomethingnew.(濟(jì)南)B.選擇題6.Noonetellsus________,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit(江蘇鹽城)7.Couldyoutellme________。A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein(大連)8.Doyoustillremember________。A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay(遼寧)9.Ican'tunderstand________theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyhadsheleftD.whyshehadleft(南京)II.狀語從句專練A.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.a)Youmustbequick.Ifnot,you'llmisstheearlybus.b)________quick,________you'llmisstheearlybus.(呼和浩特)2.a)Jim'smotherlethimwatchTVafterhefinishedhishomework.b)Jim'smother________lethimwatchTVuntilhefinishedhishomework.(福建泉州)3.a)Ifyoudon'thelpme,Ican'tfinishmyworkontime.b)________________help,Ican'tfinishmyworkontime.(山東聊城)4.a)Ifyouplaybasketballhere,youmaybreakthewindows.b)______playbasketballhere,________youmaybreakthewindows.(遼寧)B.選擇題5.Ifshe________takeenoughexercise,shewillbeill.A.isn'tB.don'tC.won'tD.doesn't(福建泉州)6.Ifhe________earlytomorrow,hewon'tmissthefirstbus.A.don'tleaveB.leavesC.willleaveD.leave(青海)7.He________waituntiltherain________.A.won't,willstopB.won't,stopC.will,stopsD.will,willstop(南京)III.賓語從句和狀語從句的綜合考查專練1.—Mikewantstoknowif______apicnictomorrow.—Yes.Butifit______,we'llvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave;willrainB.youwillhave;willrainC.youwillhave;rainsD.willyouhave;rains(河北)2.—Canyouguessifthey________toplaybasketballwithus?—Ithinkthey'llcomeifthey________free.A.come;areB.willcome;willbeC.willcome;areD.come;willbe(遼寧)3.Idon'tknowifhe________tomorrow.Ifhe________,I'llmeethim.A.willcome;comesB.comes;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome(山東威海)4.Idon'tknowifit________tomorrow.Ifit________,Iwillnotgofishing.A.rains;rainsB.rains;willrainC.willrain;