【高考核心詞匯考前沖刺】專(zhuān)題名詞詞義辨析單選100題高考英語(yǔ)詞匯查漏補(bǔ)缺沖刺訓(xùn)練（含解析）一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Successcomestothosewhoarewillingtoriskmakingmistakesinthe________oftheirgoalsandambitions,andwhoareabletolearnfromthosemistakes.A．procedure B．pursuit C．preference D．progress2．Atthattimewehadtomakethe________thatthediseasewasspreadingandtakeactiontostopit.A．a(chǎn)rrangement B．a(chǎn)ppointment C．a(chǎn)ssumption D．a(chǎn)ssistance3．Whencomingacrossawordyoudon’tknow,youcantrytoguessthemeaningofthewordfromthe______.A．context B．a(chǎn)ccess C．creativity D．a(chǎn)pproach4．IfweorderthisEnglish-Chinesedictionaryinlargequantitiesfromthebookstore,theywillconsidergivingusa_________ofatleast10%.A．discount B．bargain C．budget D．reward5．Havingthecouragetobedislikeddoesnotmeanthatyoucanuseyourweaknessesasan________fornotimprovingyourself.A．capacity B．excuse C．passion D．demand6．TheTVseriesFlighttoYouhasreceivedalotofpositive________fromtheaudience.A．reviews B．previews C．revisions D．proposals7．Toourdelight,theboywhoshowsgreat_______inplayingfootballhasbeenadmittedtotheuniversityforhistalent.A．choice B．respect C．a(chǎn)ddition D．promise8．Thepresidentsofthetwodevelopingcountriesareholdinganotherroundofnegotiationsinafriendly________.A．climate B．situation C．phenomenon D．a(chǎn)tmosphere9．Languageexpertsarguethattheusageoffullstopsisbeing“revisedinareally________way”insocialmediacommunicationastheyareinterpretedasa________ofangerbyteens.A．violent;mark B．fundamental;sign C．violent;signal D．fundamental;symbol10．ShewasoneofthefewgentlewomenIhaveeverknown,andhasremainedthroughoutmylifethe________ofwhatahumanbeingcanbe.A．necessity B．combination C．measure D．mixture11．Themonumentstandsasachilling________ofman’sinhumanitytoman.A．custom B．tradition C．reminder D．border12．Touchedbythiscoupleandthedomestic________,hefoundhimselfthinkingofhiswife.A．view B．scene C．scenery D．sight13．Thetreesintheforestarenotallin________witheachother.They’reconnectedwiththevastnetworkofrootsandmushroomsthatletthemcommunicatewithoneanotherandpassnutrientsbackandforth.A．communication B．a(chǎn)dmissionC．competition D．expression14．Ifconvicted,thepunishmentapresidentfacesis________fromofficeandbeingbannedfromholdingofficeagain.A．escape B．removal C．trial D．fine15．I’membarrassedatmy________ofwhattheyaretalkingabout—celebritiesandfashion,onlysillynoddingfrequently.A．a(chǎn)pproval B．disposal C．comprehension D．ignorance16．Thisbookgivesabrief____ofthehistoryofthecastleanddetailsoftheartcollectioninthemainhall.A．outline B．reference C．a(chǎn)rticle D．outlook17．Thepursefoundontheplaygroundmatchesthe______byMary,soitmustbehers.A．direction B．expression C．description D．instruction18．Thesebiologicaldiscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthe________forlifeonourplanet,eveninthemostextremecircumstances.A．component B．coverage C．capacity D．comprehension19．Theweatherhereisverychangeable.Abrightskyinthemorningisnota(n)______offineweatherduringtherestoftheday.A．outcome B．option C．permission D．guarantee20．Itisreportedthattheescapedcriminalwasarrestedbythepoliceeventuallyandwasfoundin______ofdrugs.A．possession B．lack C．means D．belongings21．AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalisoneofthemostinfluentialworksbecauseitoffersan______intolifeinChinainthe12thcentury.A．inspiration B．inspection C．innovation D．insight22．Hikingbyoneselfcanbefunandgoodforhealth.Itmayalsobegoodfor_____building.A．feature B．characteristic C．reputation D．character23．Eversincetheirquarrel,therehasbeenanunpleasant_____intheoffice.A．circumstances B．surroundings C．condition D．a(chǎn)tmosphere24．Becauseoflong-time________fromothercontinents,Australiaownsitsspecialanimals.A．separation B．division C．movement D．connection25．Thevalleywascoveredwitha________ofheavymist.A．piece B．bar C．bunch D．blanket26．Peoplehavedifficultyacceptingthattheirpictureswerewebcastlivetomillionsofviewers,______thefactthatsomeofthemwerenotsograceful.A．nodoubt B．nodenying C．nothinglike D．nottomention27．Themanwasresponsibleformuchoftheresearchand______workthatledtotheunderstandingofthestructureofDNA．A．discovery B．production C．creation D．contribution28．Hemadeitcleartohisparentsthathewasgoingintotownwiththe________ofvisitingthelibraryandborrowingsomebooks.A．service B．intention C．doubt D．brief29．Nowadays,manychefstake_____fromoldrecipecollectionandrecreatedishestosuityoungappetite.A．purpose B．potential C．virtue D．inspiration30．Thereisnodoubtthatyourtirednessisa(n)________ofgreatstressandlackofsleep;youneedtohaveagoodrest.A．a(chǎn)ssumption B．consequence C．consumption D．convenience31．Theclubiscurrentlyplanningseveral________toaccommodategolferswhoseekpleasureandleisureinaquietplace.A．dimensions B．inspirations C．competitions D．expansions32．Doctorshavetoconstantlyupdatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessional________.A．interest B．a(chǎn)ttitude C．competence D．reputation33．Nowadaysthe_________fortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.A．priority B．potential C．preference D．prejudice34．TheexperienceinParisgavetheyoungmusicianaunique________intotheinfluenceofmusiconchildren,sohefoundedaschooltoteachchildrentoplaythepiano.A．privilege B．liberty C．insight D．emergency35．Whenkidsarestrugglingwithsubjectslikereadingormath,schoolsmayprovideteaching_______,aspecificprogramtoaddressacademicneeds.A．comparison B．a(chǎn)ccumulation C．intervention D．conservation36．Mr.Brownthoughtitwouldbeagoodideatohave________fromhisworkerstoimprovehisplan.A．summaries B．a(chǎn)dmissions C．comments D．connections37．Thelocalgovernmenthasbeguna________inthiscitytocutdownthetrafficaccidents.A．protest B．protect C．project D．propose38．Malenursesaredifficulttohireasmanymenrejectthis______outofthelong-existingdiscrimination.A．concept B．a(chǎn)ssessment C．identity D．personality39．Theteacheroftenmakesa(n)________onhowdifferentthetwoboysare.A．comment B．decision C．impression D．effect40．Themethodseemedtowork,asIgainedtherespectofmy________,peers,andsubordinates.A．a(chǎn)lumni B．interns C．colleagues D．seniors41．Theycertainlyneeda________ofthefundamentalsofplayingtheirinstruments,butlearningtocollaboraterequiresunderstandinghowtheserolesworktogether.A．stability B．grasp C．a(chǎn)cknowledgement D．manner42．Protectingyourselffrom________theftisamatteroftreatingallyourpersonalandfinancialdocumentsastop-secretinformation.A．identity B．database C．conference D．resident43．Seeingthe________ofmydaughterplayingwithotherkidsonthebeach,Ifeltsohappy.A．scene B．scenery C．view D．sight44．Theorganizationassistspeoplebasedonneedandgivesthetop_______tothoseinthemostseriousandimmediatedanger.A．devotion B．division C．potential D．priority45．Literally,overcapacity(產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩)pressuredoperatingmargins(利潤(rùn)),impactingplayersthatlackscaleormanagement________toreducecosts.A．stability B．fluency C．persistence D．expertise46．Thecompanypresentedhimwithagoldwatchin________ofhis20yearsofgoodservice.A．a(chǎn)chievement B．a(chǎn)ppreciation C．a(chǎn)ttention D．a(chǎn)greement47．Asexpected,theboywhoshowsgreat______inplayingbadmintonhasbeenadmittedtothesportuniversityforhistalent.A．requirement B．respect C．a(chǎn)ddition D．promise48．Themediaarefilledwith________aboutwhatroleswomenshouldplayinsociety.A．crisis B．convention C．stereotypes D．substances49．Tofightagainstglobalwarming,scientistsareworkingonenergy-savingmeasurestoreducefuel________.A．consumption B．collection C．commitment D．distribution50．We’vealwaysregardedDr.Smithasamanofintegrityandhighprofessional________.A．interest B．a(chǎn)ttitude C．competence D．reputation51．Thesigningofthisagreementwilleasetheinternational________,whichmightbringanendtoconflictsbetweencountries.A．tension B．regulation C．process D．a(chǎn)ffection52．The______ofspicy,salty,sweetandsourflavoursmakesGongBaoChickenhardtoresist.A．decoration B．construction C．competition D．combination53．The________onSarah'sfacetoldmethatshegotannoyed.A．confidence B．expression C．a(chǎn)ppearance D．impression54．Willitsuityour_________thatwemeetat7.00o'clockthisevening?A．satisfaction B．a(chǎn)ppointment C．delight D．convenience55．Theresolutionwillbesignificantforthenationtoseizetheperiodofstrategic________asitfacesthemostcomplicatedexternalenvironments.A．organization B．opposition C．opportunity D．occupation56．Whentheshipwasabouttosink,thecaptainhadno________buttogiveorderstoabandontheship.A．time B．power C．option D．strength57．Havingreadtheadvertisementforthequalifiedemployees,agreatmany______answeredthecall.A．a(chǎn)ncestors B．a(chǎn)pplicants C．operators D．boarders58．Her_____forwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.A．motivation B．qualificationC．talent D．technique59．SomeofthelanguageusedontheInternetisdifferentfromthatusedinotherformsof____________________.A．communication B．exchange C．literature D．transport60．Hisvividdescriptionsofcountrylifequicklybecamepopular,whichestablishedhis_____________asoneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters.A．trust B．contact C．reputation D．theory61．Thecompositionseemsimperfectbutyoushouldmake_________forthefactthattheauthorisonlyseven.A．a(chǎn)ppointments. B．a(chǎn)ssumptions. C．a(chǎn)llowances. D．a(chǎn)rrangements62．Someexpertsfearthattoo-early________tocomputerswillhaveharmfulconsequencesforchildren’sdevelopment.A．exposure B．extensionC．exhibition D．expansion63．Inthepastfewyears,we’veseenworksbyChinesesci-fiwriterswinninginternational______.A．conclusion B．standardC．potential D．recognition64．Tomakeextra-classeducationrunontherighttrack,Chinaistightening_____ofafter-schooltraininginstitutions.A．a(chǎn)pplication B．regulationC．a(chǎn)daptation D．cooperation65．Ihaveheardthatitisacommoninthatcountrytoholdabigpartytocelebratewhenachildturns15.A．practice B．methodC．evidence D．effect66．—I’mthinkingofgoingawayafterChristmasforaweekorso.Somewherewarm,youknow.—Whatkindofprice________wereyouthinkingabout?Icanfindtheexactinformationforyou.A．variety B．rangeC．list D．level67．

—Canyoutellusyour____forhappinessandalonglife?—Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.A．recipe B．recordC．range D．receipt68．Someschools,includingours,willhavetomake________inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.A．a(chǎn)musements B．a(chǎn)djustmentsC．a(chǎn)ppointments D．a(chǎn)chievements69．You’dbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuture________.A．purpose B．reference C．memory D．a(chǎn)ssessment70．ManypeopleinHaitidiedfromtheearthquakebecausetheydidn'thave_______toimmediaterescue.A．a(chǎn)ccess B．a(chǎn)pproachC．a(chǎn)dmission D．a(chǎn)ttention71．—Itisraininghard.Willyougotoyourfriend’sbirthdayparty?—Ipromisedhimtogo,buttheheavyrainreallyplacesmeina.I’mnotsurewhetherIwillgoornot.A．disadvantage B．conclusionC．dilemma D．challenge72．Myteacherisverynice.I’llneverforgetthe______hehasdoneforme.A．favor B．kindness C．help D．benefit73．You’dbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuture_________.A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory74．Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyour________.A．condition B．incomeC．credit D．status75．Wemostprefertosayyestothe______ofsomeoneweknowandlike.A．a(chǎn)ttempts B．requestsC．doubts D．promises76．Fauststillhasavague______ofHeleninhismindashegazesaboutatthemountainswherehefindshimself.A．image B．play C．shape D．lie77．—Shefailedtogain________totheuniversityofherchoice.—Oh,really?Nowondershelooksdepressedthesedays.A．reception B．a(chǎn)dmission C．rejection D．a(chǎn)lternative78．Manyexpertsthoughtthatthereisadefinitebetweencitizens’heartproblemsandtheirwaysoflife.A．consequence B．connection C．contact D．conscience79．Thebestwaytoundertakebigprojectsistoforcethemintoyour______.Sparetimedoesn’tappearfromnowhereandyouneedtocreateitwithefforts.A．presentation B．campaign C．schedule D．procedure80．Asadevelopingcountry,wemustkeep______withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomy.A．move B．step C．speed D．pace81．Urbancongestionwouldgreatlyberelievedifthe______chargedonpublictransportweremorereasonable.A．prices B．tickets C．fees D．fares82．—You’dbettergoandtrytopersuadehimtocometoourpartytonight.—There’snointalkingtohim.Heneverlistens.A．worth B．usageC．point D．good83．Thereisnoingettingdepressedaboutitnow—it’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.A．reason B．purposeC．point D．result84．Tomy,Imetanoldfriendyesterdaywhowassaidtohavebeendeadforalongtime.A．happiness B．delightC．a(chǎn)stonishment D．fear85．Youmusttakeeverythingintowhenyouwanttodoadifficulttask.A．observationB．regard C．counting D．consideration86．Somefishhaveagreater______foracidwaterthanothers.A．tolerance B．resistance C．dependence D．persistence87．Thepoliceseta______tocatchthethieves.A．plan B．device C．trap D．trick88．Fromthewayhersitting-roomisdecorated,youcantellshehasawonderful______inarts.A．sense B．flavor C．taste D．style89．Thealbumofpaintingsinthismuseumisa______fromanoldprofessor.A．gift B．present C．talent D．genius90．Theyhadcarriedoutadirty______campaignagainstarivalairline.A．ways B．ideas C．tricks D．techniques91．Whenheappliedfora_____intheofficesofthelocalnewspaper,hewastoldtoseethemanager.A．career B．work C．situation D．possession92．Whentheoldmangothome,hefoundhiswindowopen,buthedidn’tfindany_____ofbeingstolen.A．sight B．sign C．scene D．notice93．Ifyoudrivefromtheairport,goonthemotorwayandfollowthe______.A．ways B．points C．signals D．signs94．A______tothisproblemisexpectedtobefoundbeorelong.A．result B．response C．settlement D．solution95．Thisnewdiscoveryofoilisofgreat_____tothisarea’seconomy.A．significance B．a(chǎn)ccuracy C．satisfaction D．a(chǎn)ssumption96．Canyouunderstandthe_______ofwhathesaid?A．significant B．significance C．celebration D．welcome97．WhenIwasalittleboy,Ilivedinasmallfishingvillage.Thevisittothevillageremindedmeofthe______ofmychildhood.A．views B．scenes C．scenery D．sights98．Thetomatojuiceleftbrown______onthefrontofmyjacket.A．spot B．point C．track D．trace99．It’sbeena______tobeinvolvedinsuchinterestingvoluntarywork.A．privilege B．choice C．pity D．debate100．Tomrescuedthechildatthe________ofhisownlife.A．danger B．expense C．risk D．cost參考答案：1．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成功屬于那些在追求目標(biāo)和抱負(fù)的過(guò)程中愿意冒犯錯(cuò)誤的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并且能夠從這些錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)的人。A.procedure程序；B.pursuit追求；C.preference偏愛(ài)；D.progress進(jìn)步。根據(jù)后文“oftheirgoalsandambitions”指追求目標(biāo)和抱負(fù)。故選B。2．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)我們必須假設(shè)這種疾病正在傳播，并采取行動(dòng)阻止它。A.arrangement安排；B.appointment約會(huì)；C.assumption假設(shè)；D.assistance幫助。結(jié)合句意，that引導(dǎo)的同位從句是抽象名詞assumption的具體內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。3．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：遇到不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞時(shí)，你可以試著根據(jù)上下文猜單詞的意思。A.context上下文；B.access通道，機(jī)會(huì)；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.approach方式，方法。根據(jù)前文“guessthemeaningoftheword”可知，此處指“根據(jù)上下文猜單詞意思”。故選A項(xiàng)。4．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們從書(shū)店大量訂購(gòu)這本英漢詞典，他們會(huì)考慮給我們至少10%的折扣。A.discount折扣；B.bargain討價(jià)還價(jià)；C.budget預(yù)算；D.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)inlargequantities及常識(shí)可知，如果大量訂購(gòu)，一般會(huì)有優(yōu)惠，此處指英漢詞典會(huì)有10%的折扣。故選A。5．B【詳解】考查名詞。句意：有不被人喜歡的勇氣，并不意味著你可以把自己的弱點(diǎn)作為不提高自己的借口。A.capacity能力；B.excuse借口；C.passion熱情；D.demand命令。結(jié)合句意可知，能接受自己不被人喜歡并不能作為借口。故選B項(xiàng)。6．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：電視劇《向風(fēng)而行》獲得了很多觀眾的好評(píng)。A.reviews評(píng)論；B.previews預(yù)演；C.revisions修訂；D.proposals提議。結(jié)合下文“fromtheaudience”可知，此次是指得到了觀眾的好評(píng)。故選A。7．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我們高興的是，那個(gè)在踢足球方面大有前途的男孩因他的天賦被大學(xué)錄取了。A.choice選擇；B.respect尊重、尊敬；C.addition增加；B.promise前途、獲得成功的跡象、承諾。根據(jù)句意，這個(gè)男孩被大學(xué)錄取是因?yàn)樗谧闱蚍矫娴奶熨x，說(shuō)明他在踢足球方面是大有前途的。故選D。8．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的總統(tǒng)正在友好的氣氛中舉行另一輪談判。A.climate氣候；B.situation狀況；C.phenomenon現(xiàn)象；D.atmosphere氣氛。分析句意可知，此處使用atmosphere作介詞賓語(yǔ)符合語(yǔ)境，表示“談判時(shí)的氛圍”。故選D項(xiàng)。9．B【詳解】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：語(yǔ)言專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為，在社交媒體交流中，句號(hào)的用法正在被“以一種真正根本的方式修改”，因?yàn)樗鼈儽磺嗌倌杲庾x為憤怒的符號(hào)。A.violent暴力的；mark記號(hào)；B.fundamental基礎(chǔ)的，根本的；sign符號(hào)；C.violent暴力的；sign符號(hào)；D.fundamental基礎(chǔ)的，根本的；symbol象征，標(biāo)志。分析句意可知，第一空應(yīng)該使用fundamental，因?yàn)榫涮?hào)本是標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，現(xiàn)在卻代表著生氣，因此其使用發(fā)生了根本性變化；第二空使用sign而非symbol表示標(biāo)志，因?yàn)閟ign表示的是“具有固定意義的一種簡(jiǎn)明的符號(hào)或標(biāo)志”，而symbol指的是“為象征或表達(dá)某種深邃意義的特殊事物”。故選B項(xiàng)。10．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她是我認(rèn)識(shí)的為數(shù)不多的紳士女性之一，在我的一生中，她一直是衡量一個(gè)人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A.necessity必要；B.combination結(jié)合；C.measure標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，尺度；D.mixture混合物。分析句意可知，本句所提女士對(duì)說(shuō)話人而言很重要，應(yīng)該是其衡量人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C項(xiàng)。11．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這座紀(jì)念碑立著，提醒著人類(lèi)對(duì)人類(lèi)的不人道。A.custom風(fēng)俗；B.tradition傳統(tǒng)；C.reminder提醒物；D.border邊界。分析句意可知，monument“紀(jì)念碑”的存在一般是為了紀(jì)念或者是警示什么，而后文提到的的是人類(lèi)的不人道，可推測(cè)這座紀(jì)念碑是為了提醒人們不要忘記不人道這件事。故選C項(xiàng)。12．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：被這對(duì)夫婦和家庭場(chǎng)景所感動(dòng)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在想他的妻子。A.view觀點(diǎn)，風(fēng)景；B.scene場(chǎng)面；C.scenery風(fēng)景；D.sight視線。分析句意可知，此處應(yīng)該講述的是說(shuō)話人看到別人夫妻倆讓人感動(dòng)的場(chǎng)面時(shí)，觸景生情，想起來(lái)自己的妻子，故使用scene作介詞賓語(yǔ)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。13．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：森林里的樹(shù)并不都是相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的。它們與巨大的根和蘑菇網(wǎng)絡(luò)相連，讓它們彼此交流，來(lái)回傳遞營(yíng)養(yǎng)。A.communication交流；B.admission承認(rèn)，允許進(jìn)入；C.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；D.expression表達(dá)，詞句。由句意可知，森林中的樹(shù)彼此之間是相互交流，來(lái)回傳遞營(yíng)養(yǎng)的，因此樹(shù)木之間并不都是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系，所以competition符合句意。故選C項(xiàng)。14．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果罪名成立，總統(tǒng)面臨的懲罰是被免職并被禁止再次擔(dān)任公職。A.escape逃避；B.removal免職；C.trial審訊；D.fine罰款。根據(jù)下文“beingbannedfromholdingofficeagain”可知應(yīng)該是免職符合句意，故選B。15．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很尷尬，因?yàn)槲也恢浪麄冊(cè)谡務(wù)撌裁础骱蜁r(shí)尚，我只是傻乎乎地頻頻點(diǎn)頭。A.approval贊成、批準(zhǔn)、許可；B.disposal處理、轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)籆.comprehension理解力、領(lǐng)悟力；D.ignorance無(wú)知。根據(jù)后面的“onlysillynoddingfrequently”可知，此處指不知道別人談?wù)撌裁?，只能傻乎乎地頻頻點(diǎn)頭。故選D項(xiàng)。16．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書(shū)簡(jiǎn)要介紹了城堡的歷史和大廳里藝術(shù)收藏的細(xì)節(jié)。A.outline概述，綱要；B.reference參考；C.article文章；D.outlook前景，觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“thehistoryofthecastleanddetailsoftheartcollectioninthemainhall”可知，此處指的是書(shū)的概要。故選A。17．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在操場(chǎng)上發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢(qián)包符合瑪麗的描述，所以肯定是她的。A.direction方向；B.expression表達(dá)；C.description描述；D.instruction指導(dǎo)；說(shuō)明。根據(jù)題意可知，此處表示符合瑪麗的描述。故選C。18．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些生物學(xué)上的發(fā)現(xiàn)都有助于我們了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最極端的環(huán)境下。A.component成分；B.coverage報(bào)道；C.capacity能力；D.comprehension理解。由“eveninthemostextremecircumstances”可知，句子表示“這些生物學(xué)上的發(fā)現(xiàn)都有助于我們了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最極端的環(huán)境下”，空格處意為“能力”。故選C。19．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這里的天氣變化無(wú)常。早晨晴朗的天空并不能保證一天中其余時(shí)間的好天氣。A.outcome結(jié)果；后果；B.option選擇權(quán)；可選物；C.permission允許；D.guarantee保證。根據(jù)“Theweatherhereisverychangeable.”和常識(shí)可知，早晨晴朗的天空并不能保證一天中其余時(shí)間的好天氣。故選D。20．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，逃犯最終被警察逮捕，并被發(fā)現(xiàn)持有毒品。A.possession擁有；占有；B.lack缺乏；C.means方法；D.belongings財(cái)產(chǎn)，所有物。inpossessionof控制；擁有。根據(jù)“theescapedcriminalwasarrestedbythepoliceeventually”可知，逃犯被發(fā)現(xiàn)持有毒品。故選A。21．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：《清明上河圖》是最具影響力的作品之一，因?yàn)樗屓藗兩钊肓私饬?2世紀(jì)中國(guó)的生活。A.inspiration靈感；B.inspection檢查；C.innovation創(chuàng)新；D.insight了解。根據(jù)空后“l(fā)ifeinChinainthe12thcentury”可知，此處表示“解了12世紀(jì)中國(guó)的生活”，insight符合句意。故選D。22．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：獨(dú)自徒步旅行既有趣又有益健康。它也可能有助于塑造性格。A.feature特征；B.characteristic特點(diǎn)；C.reputation名譽(yù)；D.character性格。根據(jù)句意和句中的hikingbyoneself可知，此處說(shuō)的是獨(dú)自徒步旅行有助于塑造性格，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入名詞character（性格）。故選D項(xiàng)。23．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從他們吵架以后，辦公室里的氣氛一直很不愉快。A.circumstances條件；B.surroundings環(huán)境；C.condition條件；D.atmosphere氣氛。根據(jù)“Eversincetheirquarrel”和“intheoffice”可知，此處是指辦公室里的氣氛很不愉快。故選D。24．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于長(zhǎng)期與其他大陸分離，澳大利亞擁有自己的特殊動(dòng)物。A.separation分離；B.division分開(kāi)；C.movement運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.connection關(guān)系。根據(jù)“Australiaownsitsspecialanimals”可知，此處是指澳大利亞與其他大陸分離（才會(huì)產(chǎn)生自己的特殊動(dòng)物），用separation與介詞from搭配符合題意。故選A。25．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：山谷籠罩著一層濃霧。A.piece張，片；B.bar塊，棒；C.bunch束，串；D.blanket厚層。由“heavymist”可知，句子表示“山谷籠罩著一層濃霧”，空格處意為“厚層；覆蓋層”，故選D。26．D【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：人們很難接受他們的照片被網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播給數(shù)百萬(wàn)觀眾，更不用說(shuō)它們中的一些并不那么優(yōu)雅。A.nodoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)；B.nodenying不可否認(rèn)；C.nothinglike不像；D.nottomention更不用說(shuō)。結(jié)合句意可知，此處指“人們很難接受照片被直播給別人看，就更不用說(shuō)其中一些照片并不那么優(yōu)雅”，nottomention符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。27．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這名男子負(fù)責(zé)許多研究和發(fā)現(xiàn)工作，這些工作導(dǎo)致了對(duì)DNA結(jié)構(gòu)的理解。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.production生產(chǎn)；C.creation創(chuàng)造；D.contribution貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“research”可知，此處是指研究和發(fā)現(xiàn)工作，名詞作定語(yǔ)。故選A。28．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他向父母明確表示，他進(jìn)城的目的是去圖書(shū)館借書(shū)。A.service服務(wù)；B.intention目的；C.doubt懷疑；D.brief指示，摘要。根據(jù)“visitingthelibraryandborrowingsomebooks”可知，此處是指進(jìn)城的目的，intention符合題意，withtheintensionof“抱有……的目的”。故選B。29．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，許多廚師從舊食譜中汲取靈感，重新制作菜肴，以滿足年輕人的胃口。A.purpose目的；B.potential潛能；C.virtue美德；D.inspiration靈感。根據(jù)“andrecreatedishestosuityoungappetite.”可知，許多廚師從舊食譜中汲取靈感來(lái)制作菜肴。故選D。30．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，你的疲勞是由于巨大的壓力和睡眠不足造成的；你需要好好休息。A.assumption假設(shè)，假定；B.consequence結(jié)果，后果；C.consumption消耗；D.convenience方便。分析句意可知，你疲勞是壓力大和睡眠不足的結(jié)果。故選B項(xiàng)。31．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該俱樂(lè)部目前正計(jì)劃進(jìn)行幾次擴(kuò)建，以滿足在安靜的地方尋求娛樂(lè)和休閑的高爾夫球手。A.dimensions維度；B.inspirations啟發(fā)；C.competitions競(jìng)賽；D.expansions擴(kuò)建。根據(jù)“toaccommodategolferswhoseekpleasureandleisureinaquietplace.”可知，為了讓高爾夫球手可以在安靜地方尋求娛樂(lè)，俱樂(lè)部需要進(jìn)行擴(kuò)建。故選D。32．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生必須不斷更新他們的知識(shí)，以保持他們的專(zhuān)業(yè)能力

。A.interest興趣；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.competence能力；D.reputation聲譽(yù)。根據(jù)前文“updatetheirknowledge”可知，醫(yī)生不斷更新知識(shí)是為了保持他們的專(zhuān)業(yè)能力，故選C項(xiàng)。33．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)今，旅行的優(yōu)先考慮的事情從購(gòu)物轉(zhuǎn)變成了品嘗美食和欣賞風(fēng)景。A.priority優(yōu)先；最重要的事情；B.potential潛在的，可能的；C.preference偏愛(ài)；D.prejudice偏見(jiàn)。結(jié)合句意可知表示“優(yōu)先考慮的事情”。故選A項(xiàng)。34．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在巴黎的經(jīng)歷讓這位年輕的音樂(lè)家對(duì)音樂(lè)對(duì)兒童的影響有了獨(dú)特的見(jiàn)解，所以他創(chuàng)辦了一所學(xué)校教孩子們彈鋼琴。A.privilege特權(quán)；B.liberty自由；C.insight洞察力，見(jiàn)解；D.emergency緊急情況。根據(jù)“theinfluenceofmusiconchildren”可知，此處表示這位年輕的音樂(lè)家對(duì)音樂(lè)對(duì)兒童的影響有了獨(dú)特的見(jiàn)解。故選C。35．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)陂喿x或數(shù)學(xué)等科目上遇到困難時(shí)，學(xué)?？赡軙?huì)提供教學(xué)干預(yù)，這是一個(gè)針對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)需求的特定項(xiàng)目。A.comparison對(duì)比；B.accumulation積累；C.intervention干預(yù)；D.conservation保護(hù)。由“Whenkidsarestrugglingwithsubjectslikereadingormath”可知，句子表示“當(dāng)孩子們?cè)陂喿x或數(shù)學(xué)等科目上遇到困難時(shí)，學(xué)?？赡軙?huì)提供教學(xué)干預(yù)”，空格處意為“干預(yù)”，故選C。36．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：布朗先生認(rèn)為征求工人們的意見(jiàn)以改進(jìn)他的計(jì)劃是個(gè)好主意。A.summaries總結(jié)；B.admissions準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；C.comments意見(jiàn)，評(píng)論；D.connections連接。根據(jù)“fromhisworkerstoimprovehisplan.”可知，此處表示征求工人們的意見(jiàn)以改進(jìn)他的計(jì)劃。故選C。37．C【詳解】考查名詞和動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)卣谶@個(gè)城市啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)方案以減少交通事故。A.protest抗議（動(dòng)詞或名詞）；B.protect保護(hù)（動(dòng)詞）；C.project方案（名詞）；計(jì)劃（動(dòng)詞）；D.propose提議（動(dòng)詞）。根據(jù)冠詞a可知，設(shè)空處需填入名詞，結(jié)合主語(yǔ)government可知，名詞“project方案”符合句意。故選C。38．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：男護(hù)士很難被雇傭到是因?yàn)樵S多男性出于長(zhǎng)期存在的歧視而抵制這個(gè)身份。A.concept觀念；B.assessment評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)；C.identity身份；D.personality個(gè)性，品格。根據(jù)空前“Malenursesaredifficulttohire”及空后“outofthelong-existingdiscrimination”可知，很多男性抵制男護(hù)士這個(gè)身份。故選C項(xiàng)。39．A【詳解】考查名詞。句意：老師經(jīng)常評(píng)論這兩個(gè)男孩有多么不同。A.comment評(píng)論；B.decision決定；C.impression印象；D.effect影響。根據(jù)后句“onhowdifferentthetwoboysare（這兩個(gè)男孩有多么不同）”可知為評(píng)論的具體內(nèi)容，固定短語(yǔ)makeacommenton對(duì)……做出評(píng)論。故選A。40．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種方法似乎奏效了，因?yàn)槲亿A得了長(zhǎng)輩、同齡人和下屬的尊重。A.alumni校友；B.interns實(shí)習(xí)生；C.colleagues同事；D.seniors長(zhǎng)輩。根據(jù)后面peers（同齡人）andsubordinates（下屬），可知此處應(yīng)該是“長(zhǎng)輩”。故選D項(xiàng)。41．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們當(dāng)然需要掌握演奏樂(lè)器的基本知識(shí)，但學(xué)會(huì)合作需要理解這些角色是如何協(xié)同工作的。A.stability堅(jiān)定；B.grasp掌握、領(lǐng)會(huì)；C.acknowledgement承認(rèn)；D.manner舉止。根據(jù)空后的“ofthefundamentalsofplayingtheirinstruments”可知此處用agraspof表示“掌握”，故選B。42．A【詳解】考查名詞。句意：保護(hù)自己不被盜用身份就是把你所有的個(gè)人和財(cái)務(wù)文件當(dāng)作絕密信息來(lái)對(duì)待。A.identityn.身份；B.databasen.數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，資料庫(kù)；C.conferencen.專(zhuān)題討論會(huì)；D.residentn.居民。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查名詞做定語(yǔ)，表示“身份”的意思，修飾后面的名詞theft。故選A。43．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：看到女兒和其他孩子在海灘上玩耍的場(chǎng)景，我感到很高興。A.scene場(chǎng)景，場(chǎng)面；B.scenery（自然）風(fēng)景；C.view視野，（從高處看到的）景色；D.sight景象，景點(diǎn)。根據(jù)“playingwithotherkidsonthebeach”可知，這里描繪的是一個(gè)孩子們玩耍的場(chǎng)面，應(yīng)用scene。故選A。44．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該組織根據(jù)需要為人們提供幫助，并對(duì)那些處于最嚴(yán)重和最緊迫危險(xiǎn)中的人給予優(yōu)先考慮。A.devotion獻(xiàn)身；B.division分開(kāi)；C.potential潛能；D.priority優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。根據(jù)后文“thoseinthemostseriousandimmediatedanger”指優(yōu)先考慮處于最嚴(yán)重和最緊迫危險(xiǎn)中的人，應(yīng)用givethetoppriorityto。故選D。45．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：實(shí)際上，產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩給運(yùn)營(yíng)利潤(rùn)率帶來(lái)了壓力，影響了那些缺乏規(guī)?；蚬芾斫?jīng)驗(yàn)以降低成本的企業(yè)。A.stability穩(wěn)定性；B.fluency流暢性；C.persistence堅(jiān)持，持久性；D.expertise專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)，專(zhuān)門(mén)知識(shí)。management

expertise為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“管理才干”，符合句意。故選D。46．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：公司送給他一塊金表，以感謝他20年來(lái)的良好服務(wù)。A.chievement成就；B.appreciation感激；C.attention注意；D.agreement同意。根據(jù)句意，他為公司服務(wù)20年，給他一塊表以示感謝。故選B。47．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不出所料，這個(gè)在打羽毛球方面大有可為的男孩因其天賦被體育大學(xué)錄取。A.requirement要求；B.respect尊重；C.addition增加；D.promise希望，可能性。根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“那個(gè)男孩在羽毛球方面展現(xiàn)了極大的成功的可能性”。故選D項(xiàng)。48．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：媒體充斥著關(guān)于女性應(yīng)該在社會(huì)中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A.crisis危機(jī)；B.convention習(xí)俗；C.stereotypes刻板印象；D.substances物質(zhì)。由whatroleswomenshouldplayinsociety可知，媒體對(duì)于女性應(yīng)該在社會(huì)中扮演什么角色，總有一個(gè)刻板印象。故選C項(xiàng)。49．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了對(duì)抗全球變暖，科學(xué)家們正在研究減少燃料消耗的節(jié)能措施。A.consumption消耗；B.collection收藏品；C.commitment承諾；D.distribution分配。根據(jù)上文“Tofightagainstglobalwarming,scientistsareworkingonenergy-savingmeasurestoreducefuel”可知，指科學(xué)家們正在研究減少燃料消耗的節(jié)能措施，來(lái)對(duì)抗全球變暖，應(yīng)用consumption。故選A。50．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一直認(rèn)為Smith博士為人正直，專(zhuān)業(yè)能力強(qiáng)。A.interest興趣；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.competence能力；D.reputation聲譽(yù)。根據(jù)前文“highprofessional”可知，Smith博士專(zhuān)業(yè)能力強(qiáng)。故選C項(xiàng)。51．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)協(xié)議的簽署將緩解國(guó)際緊張局勢(shì)，這可能會(huì)結(jié)束國(guó)家之間的沖突。A.tension緊張；B.regulation規(guī)則；C.process過(guò)程；D.affection喜歡。根據(jù)下文“whichmightbringanendtoconflictsbetweencountries”可知，此處表示將會(huì)使國(guó)際的緊張局勢(shì)結(jié)束。故選A。52．D【詳解】考查名詞。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宮保雞丁難以抗拒。A.decoration裝飾；B.construction建造；C.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；D.combination結(jié)合。設(shè)空處在句中作主語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意和空后的“ofspicy,salty,sweetandsourflavours”可知，此處是指幾種口味的結(jié)合。故選D。53．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：莎拉臉上的表情告訴我她生氣了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情；C.appearance外貌；D.impression印象。根據(jù)“toldmethatshegotannoyed”可知，此處是指臉上的表情。故選B。54．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們今晚7點(diǎn)見(jiàn)面，你看方便嗎?A.satisfaction滿意；B.appointment約會(huì)，預(yù)約，約定；C.delight高興；D.convenience方便。分析可知，名詞convenience符合句意，作動(dòng)詞suit的賓語(yǔ)。故選D項(xiàng)。55．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該決議對(duì)于我國(guó)在最復(fù)雜的外部環(huán)境下抓住戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期具有重要意義。A.organization組織；B.opposition反對(duì)；C.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；D.occupation職業(yè)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“抓住戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期”，故選C。56．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)船即將沉沒(méi)時(shí)，船長(zhǎng)別無(wú)選擇，只能下令棄船。A.time時(shí)間；B.power力量；C.option選擇；D.strength力氣。固定短語(yǔ)havenooptionbuttodosth.意為“除了……別無(wú)選擇”，該空應(yīng)該填名詞option，符合句意及其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C項(xiàng)。57．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：讀了招聘合格員工的廣告后，很多求職者都應(yīng)征了。A.ancestors祖先；B.applicants申請(qǐng)人，求職者；C.operators操作員；D.boarders寄宿者。根據(jù)上文“Havingreadtheadvertisementforthequalifiedemployees”可知此處指求職者應(yīng)征，應(yīng)用applicants。故選B。58．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她寫(xiě)作的動(dòng)力源自為女性獲得更高教育的權(quán)利。A.motivation動(dòng)力，激勵(lì)；B.qualification資格；C.talent才能，天賦；D.technique技巧。故根據(jù)adesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.可知，她寫(xiě)作的動(dòng)力源自為女性獲得更高教育的權(quán)利。故選A。59．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上使用的一些語(yǔ)言不同于其他形式的交流。A.communication交流；B.exchange交換；C.literature文學(xué)；D.transport運(yùn)輸。由SomeofthelanguageusedontheInternet可知，此處指互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的語(yǔ)言交流方式，它與其他形式的交流不一樣，communication符合句意。故選A項(xiàng)。60．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村生活的生動(dòng)描述迅速流行起來(lái)，這樹(shù)立了他作為美國(guó)偉大作家之一的聲譽(yù)。A.trust信任；B.contact聯(lián)系；C.reputation聲譽(yù)；D.theory理論。根據(jù)句意，尤其是greatestwriters可知此處用reputation“聲譽(yù)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。61．C【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這篇作文似乎有瑕疵但是你應(yīng)該考慮到作者只有7歲的事實(shí)。A.appointments約定；B.assumptions假定，設(shè)想；C.allowances允許，津貼；D.arrangements安排，準(zhǔn)備。makeallowancesfor是固定搭配，表示考慮到，體諒，符合語(yǔ)境表達(dá)。故選C。62．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一些專(zhuān)家擔(dān)心過(guò)早接觸電腦會(huì)對(duì)兒童的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生有害影響。A.exposure暴露；接觸；B.extension擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)展；延伸；C.exhibition陳列，展覽；D.expansion擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)充。根據(jù)句中“haveharmfulconsequencesforchildren’sdevelopment”，可知此處指接觸電腦，故選A。63．D【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在過(guò)去幾年里，我們已經(jīng)見(jiàn)證了中國(guó)科幻作家的作品已經(jīng)贏得了國(guó)際認(rèn)可。A.conclusion結(jié)論；B.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C.potential潛力，潛能；D.recognition認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。64．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了讓課外教育走上正軌，中國(guó)正在加強(qiáng)對(duì)課外培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的管理。A.application申請(qǐng)；B.regulation管理；C.adaptation適應(yīng)；D.cooperation合作。根據(jù)“Tomakeextra-classeducationrunontherighttrack”可知，此處表示的是“加強(qiáng)對(duì)課外培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的管理”。故選B。65．A【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)在那個(gè)國(guó)家，孩子滿15歲時(shí)舉行大型聚會(huì)慶祝是一種慣例。A.practice做法；B.method方法；C.evidence證據(jù)；D.effect影響。由語(yǔ)意可知，孩子滿15歲就要舉行慶祝會(huì)，這是那個(gè)國(guó)家的一種做法，此處考查固定句型itisacommonpracticetodosth.，意為“做某事是一種慣例”。故選A項(xiàng)。66．B【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：--我正在考慮圣誕以后出去大約一周，你知道，一些暖和的地方。--你考慮什么樣的價(jià)格范圍？我可以幫你找到確切的信息。A.variety種