2019年初級(jí)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題（9）TroublewithTeamworkMaryOwenexaminestheroleandefficiencyofteamsRecruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.Indeed,toomuchofthelattermaysuggestthatthepersonconcernedisnotaiteamplayer,-oneofthemoreseriousfailingsinthebookofmanagement.Theimportanceofbeingateamplayerisasideeffectoftheincreasinginteractionacrossdepartmentsandfunctionaldivides.Insteadofpushingreports,paperworkanddecisionsaroundtheorganisation,4teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues,,saysSteveGardner,inhisbookKeyManagementConcepts.Headds,4Globalisationhasaddedafurtherdimensiontoteamwork.Multinationalteamsnowstudypolicydecisionsinthelightoftheirimpactonthelocalmarket.,Butisteamworkingbeingoverdone?‘Somemanagersareonasmanyassevenoreightdifferentteams,,saysDrCathyBandy,apsychologistwhorecentlyranaconferenceonthesubject.4Theytakeupsomuchtimethatmanagerscan,tgetonwithcoretasks.,Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.Thereisalsothedangerofanunhealthydesiretokeeptheteamgoingaftertheworkhasbeendone.iPeoplefeeltheneedtobelong,andteammembershipcanprovideakindofpsychologicalsupport.,Theideabehindteamworkingisthat,whentherightgroupofpeopleisbroughttogether,a,force,developswhichisgreaterthanthesumoftheirindividualtalents.Thisisoftentrueinsport,wheregoodplayerscanreachunexpectedheightsasmembersofaninternationalteam.However,fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.‘Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit’，saysSteveGardner.‘Unfortunately,peoplefocusinsteadonwhothemembersoftheteamshouldbeandwhatrolestheyaretoplay,DrBandyagrees.‘Thereisalwaysadangerthatteamscanturnintocommittees,,shesays.‘Inalotofsituations,oneortwoindividualswouldbemuchmoreeffective.,Sowhatmakesasuccessfulteam?Therearesomegeneralqualitiesthathavebeenidentified.SteveGardnerrecommendsthatineveryteamthereshouldbesomeonewhoisgoodatresearchingideasandanotherwhoisgoodatshootingdownimpracticalones.Thereshouldbethosewhocanresolvethetensionsthatnaturallyoccurinateamandotherswhoarefocusedongettingthejobdone.Also,providingaclearandachievabletargetattheoutsetisthebestwayofensuringthattheteamwillmoveontogreaterthings.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutteamworkingatthebeginningofthearticle?AItisthemostsuccessfulformofmanagement.BIthaschangedtherecruitmentprocedureincompanies.CWell-runteamsstillallowindividualstodemonstratetheirtalents.DBeingateamplayerisnowconsideredanessentialmanagementskill.Accordingtothearticle,teamworkdevelopedwithincompaniesasaresponsetoAmodernofficedesign.Bchangingworkpractices.Careductioninadministrativetasks.Dtheexpansionofinternationalbusiness.Inthethirdparagraph,DrBandysuggeststhatAmanyemployeesdonotenjoyworkinginteams.Bsomemanagersarenotveryeffectiveteamleaders.Csometeamsarecreatedunnecessarily.Dfewteamsarewellorganised.Accordingtothewriter,teamworkismoreeffectiveinthefieldofsportbecausetheplayersAknowwhattheywanttoachieve.Baremorecompetitivebynature.Chavemoreindividualtalent.Dcanbedrivenbynationalpride.SteveGardnerandDrBandyagreethatwhenabusinessteamiscreatedpeopledonotpayenoughattentiontoAthestructureoftheteam.Balternativestotheteam.Cselectingtheteammembers.Ddirectingtheteam,sactivities.WhatisSteveGardner,sadviceonoperatingasuccessfulteam?AMaintainaflexibleapproachtomembership.BAllowpersonalitiestodevelopwithintheteam.CSelectpeoplewhofitnaturallyintocertainroles.DMakeeveryefforttoavoidconflictbetweenmembers.參考答案及解析《TroublewithTeamwork》，團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的麻煩。文章講了團(tuán)隊(duì)的重要性和很多團(tuán)隊(duì)存在的問(wèn)題，以及怎么樣才能打造一個(gè)成功有效的團(tuán)隊(duì)。第十三題，問(wèn)文章開(kāi)頭作者針對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作做了什么論點(diǎn)。第一段是強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性，太多的個(gè)人成果會(huì)顯得這個(gè)人不是個(gè)合格的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員。選答案要理解第一句話的含義：Recruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.招聘者說(shuō)能夠給出自己作為一個(gè)成功團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的例子的候選人同那些指出重要的個(gè)人成果的人具有同樣重要的地位。言下之意，擁有團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的經(jīng)歷也很重要。所以選D，作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員如今被視為必要的管理技巧。A、B、C都沒(méi)有提到。第十四題，問(wèn)公司內(nèi)部的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作是作為對(duì)什么的回應(yīng)。也就是問(wèn)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的目的是什么，答案是第二段的這么一句：’teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues團(tuán)隊(duì)提供了一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的會(huì)議場(chǎng)所，使得思想可以分享，技能可以更加仔細(xì)的對(duì)準(zhǔn)重要的商業(yè)問(wèn)題。這句里的dynamicmeetingplace可以對(duì)應(yīng)于B段的changingworkpracticeo第十五題，問(wèn)在第三段DrBandy暗示什么。答案是她的一句原話：Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.形成團(tuán)隊(duì)然后開(kāi)會(huì)成了它本身的終點(diǎn)，幾乎不管目的是什么。也就是說(shuō)很多團(tuán)隊(duì)的建立是沒(méi)有意義的，多余的。選C，一些團(tuán)隊(duì)被不必要的創(chuàng)建了。第十六題，問(wèn)作者認(rèn)為團(tuán)隊(duì)合作在體育領(lǐng)域里更有效的原因是什么。第四段講當(dāng)一群正確的人被組合到一起時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種高于這些人個(gè)人能力的力量，在體育比賽里就是如此。這一題的答案是第四段的最后一句：fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.。很少有企業(yè)能像贏得一場(chǎng)比賽一樣有一系列清晰的目標(biāo)，或者是對(duì)成功或失敗有清晰的評(píng)判準(zhǔn)則。也就是A選項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的：知道他們想要實(shí)現(xiàn)什么。whattheywanttoachieve可以對(duì)應(yīng)于asetofobjectiveso第十七題，問(wèn)這兩個(gè)人同意當(dāng)一個(gè)商業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)被創(chuàng)立時(shí)人們沒(méi)有把注意力放在什么上面。這一題要理解第五段的意思。第一句說(shuō)Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit。在企業(yè)，每個(gè)人都必須很清楚挑戰(zhàn)是什么以及團(tuán)隊(duì)是否是實(shí)現(xiàn)它的最好的辦法?？紤]團(tuán)隊(duì)