2020年中考英語閱讀理解考點(diǎn)剖析

（名師剖析解題技巧+參考答案，建議下載練習(xí)）

【知識點(diǎn)睛】

一、中考閱讀理解命題特點(diǎn)

題型上來看：著重考察學(xué)生對整篇文章的把握，側(cè)重考查學(xué)生根據(jù)語境進(jìn)行語篇

分析和綜合利用有效信息解決實(shí)際問題的能力

體裁上來看：涉及記敘文、夾敘夾議文、議論文、說明文和應(yīng)用文；題材內(nèi)容涉

及英語國家文化的多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，并逐步增加廣告、海報(bào)、圖畫、表格等實(shí)用文體

閱讀量上看：逐年增加

難度上來看：增加了難度，超過了大綱規(guī)定的3%的生詞率

二、中考閱讀課標(biāo)要求

義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指出：閱讀是搜集處理信息、認(rèn)識世界、發(fā)展思維、

獲得審美體驗(yàn)的重要途徑。因此，閱讀理解在中考中所占的比例、分值越來越大,

主要考查考生通過文字獲取信息的能力，閱讀速度要求達(dá)到每分鐘60-80詞。

選材范圍越來越廣，除故事、人物軼事外，科普性文章和社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話題也多了起

來；體裁也趨于多樣化，有記敘文、說明文、應(yīng)用文、議論文等，有時(shí)還考查考

生理解及解釋圖表所提供的簡單信息的能力；閱讀材料豐富多彩，融知識性、趣

味性、科學(xué)性于一體，既對學(xué)生閱讀理解能力起著評價(jià)作用，又能增長知識、開

闊視野。

國家英語課程要求從3年級起開設(shè)英語課程,課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的第五級為9年級,

也就是初中畢業(yè)參加中考時(shí)應(yīng)達(dá)到的基本要求。其中對學(xué)生“讀'’的能力做了如下

要求：

1.能根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義。

2.能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。

3.能找出文章中的主題，理解故事的情節(jié)，預(yù)測故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的

結(jié)局。

4.能讀懂相應(yīng)水平的常見體裁的讀物。

5.能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運(yùn)用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息。

6.能利用詞典等工具書進(jìn)行閱讀。

7.課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)到15萬詞以上。

三、解題步驟

第一步：讀題，把握出題動(dòng)向

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第二步：帶著問題速讀文章，簡單標(biāo)記題目

第三步：文中信息，對相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行劃線標(biāo)注

第四步：檢查核對

四、閱讀題型和做題方法

1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題

做題方法：利用題目的，尋找文中，在對應(yīng)詞周

圍找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，對號入座。它一般是由特殊疑問詞what,when,

where,how,why,who,which等提問出現(xiàn)，可以直接找到答案。（答案往往不是

文中原句）

2、猜測詞義題

做題方法：根據(jù)前后的關(guān)系，對它的定義（描述）、重述以及

舉例等進(jìn)行猜測或者利用同位語、同義詞及構(gòu)詞法等進(jìn)行猜測。所考查的不僅是

詞匯或句子本身，也會(huì)涉及構(gòu)詞、語篇、邏輯關(guān)系等。常見的考查形式為：

Theunderlinedword"xxx”泊thefirstparagraphprobablymeans.

Theword^xxx99refersto.

3、主旨大意題

做題方法：從文章的首、尾句（段）尋找主題句或縱觀全文歸納總結(jié)出文章的

。要求考生對多處信息進(jìn)行歸納、綜合、比較、分析。題干

通常為：

Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

Thetextismainlyabout.

4、推理判斷題

做題方法：根據(jù)文中某些____、或進(jìn)行推理或根據(jù)句子的

語氣、文章論調(diào)和傾向進(jìn)行推斷。材料并沒有明確地給出答案，要求考生在理解

全文的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)行推理和判斷。題目常為：

Wecaninferthetextthat.

Whatdoyouthinkof?

五、閱讀理解注意事項(xiàng)

1、細(xì)節(jié)題要小心同義不同句

2、讀此篇文章，理解此作者意圖，真理不一定是正確答案

3、選題目就如給人選帽子，太大范圍太寬，太小以偏概全

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【精講精練】

閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）

GaryEgeberg,anAmericanhighschoolteacher,wroteMyFeelingsareJustLikeAnimals

tohelpyoucontrolyourfeelings.Ittellsteenshowtostaycoolwhenbadthingshappentothem.

Thebooksaysthatgettingangryonlymakesproblemsworse.Itcannotmakethembetter.

"Gettingangryisnotanaturalwaytoact"，thebooksays.Itisjustabadhabit,likesmoking.

Thebooksaysyoucancontrolyourangereasily,andallyouhavetodoistotellyourselfnotto

beangry.

Whenababyfallsover,itcriesonlywhenpeoplearewatchingit.Likeababy,youcanonly

getangryifyouaresureitistherightthingtodo.

Thebookgivesmanysuggestionstohelpyouifyougetangryeasily.Herearethetopthree.

①Keeparecord.Everytimeyougetangry,writedownwhyyouareangry.Lookatitlater

andyouwillseeyougetangrytooeasily.

②Askyourfriendstostoptalkingtoyouwhenyougetangry.Thiswillteachyounottobe

angry.

③Dosomethingdifferent.Whenyougetangry,walkawayfromtheproblemandgo

somewhereelse.Trytolaugh!

)1.MyFeelingsareJustLikeWildAnimalsisa.

A.storyB.bookC.pictureD.film

)2.MyFeelingsareJustLikeWildAnimalsmainlytellsus.

A.whattoreadB.howtoread

C.howtostaycoolD.howtolearnEnglishWell

)3.Howmanysuggestionsaregiveninthebook?

A.threeB.fourC.sixD.Wedon'tknow.

)4.Inthefourthparagraph,theunderlinedword"it"refersto.

AthebookB.angerC.habitD.thebaby

)5.Thewriterwantstotellus.

A.nottogetangryeasilyB.toworkhardatschool

C.todomoreexercisesD.tohelpeachother

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閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（二）

WelcometoCGV

Fast&Furious7

Starring:VinDiesel,PaulWalker,JasonStatham

DirectedbyJamesWan

WrittenbyChrisMoran

Runningtime:140min

Showtime:

3DscreenThefirstshowstartsat9:30am

■Thelastshowstartsat10:30pm

IMAXscreenThefirstshowstartsat11:10am

Thelastshowstartsat10:40pm

RMBY100for3D,RMB￥140forIMAX

卜Halftheoriginalpriceonweekdays

160%offMon.-Thu.&50%offFri.-Sun.

60%offAnyTime

OnlineBooking40%offAnyTime

)6.Whatkindofticketisthecheapesteveryday?

A.VIPB.VVIPC.OnlineBookingD.Weekendtickets.

)7.WhattimemightyouexactlyfinishwatchingFast&Furious7?

A.At11:30am.B.At1:00am.C.At12:00pm.D.11:40am

)8.Acoupledecidetoseethefilmtogetherwithan8-year-olddaughterthisSunday.How

muchwilltheyhavetopayatleastifbookingontheInternet?

A.180yuan.B.120yuan.C.170yuan.D.210yuan.

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閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（三）

IfKoberetiredinthespringof2013becauseoftheinjury,whatwouldyoufeelaboutit?

“Allofasudden,hejusthadgone.Howcomeit'ssosuddenthatNBAdoesn'thavehim

anymore?^^

However,hewasback.Inthepastyears,hegotinjured,andthenwentbacktothefields,

andgotinjured,andagainwentbacktothefields.Heexperiencedthemostwonderfultimeof

hisbasketballcareer,andfinallywesaid,"It'sokay,KobePleasehavearest.”

Buteverycoinhastwosides.Let'stakeadifferentviewofit.

Ifheweren'tsopersistent(堅(jiān)持的),hewouldn'tlastforsolonginNBAtowonthepride

fortheLakers.Andifheweren'ttoostubborn(固執(zhí)的)，hewouldhavealreadyhaveretired.All

hehasnow,thehonor,thehighs,theglory,werewhathehadaskedfor.Itwasallhischoice,

whichhenevergaveup.

Kobeoncesaid,"HaveyoueverseenthesceneofLosAngelesat4a.m.?Ioftensee,

becauseIhavebeenstartingtrainingatthattime."Hespentmorethanhalfofhislifeon

basketball.Everythinghasitstime.Therefore,hehastriedeverythingforthebasketball.Now,he

said“Goodbye”.Itisreal.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。

)9.KobewentbacktothefieldsNOTbecauseof.

A.hisloveforbasketballB.hispersistent

C.hisstubbornD.hiswife

)10.Fromthestory,weknowthat.

A.Koberetiredinthespringof2013

B.Kobegaveupbasketballrightafterhegotinjured

C.Kobestartedtrainingat4a.m.

D.Kobespentlessthanhalfofhislifeonhisbasketballcareer

)11.Thisarticleisa(n).

A.fairytaleB.sportsnewsC.advertisementD.biography(傳記)

)12.What'sthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A.Goodbye,KobeBrian.B.Agreatbasketballplayer.

C.Kobelovesplayingbasketball.D.Myfavoritebasketballplayer.

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閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（四）

Howcanyouusethepowerof"BecauseIcan"?Hereareafewwaystousethisactive

thinkinginallkindsoffieldsofyourownlife.

BeMoreActive

Whetheritistogettothestoreorwork,orifitisclimbingthestairsinsteadoftakingthe

elevator,rememberinga"BecauseIcan”ideaisaneasywaytoaddmoreactivitytoyourlife.

Breakthe"I'mtired/9or“Itistoohard."or"ItistooBn"rule.Increasingyouractivitylevel

willgiveyouusefulthings.

TrySomethingNew

Itiseasyforustomakeexcusesforwhyweshouldn'ttrynewthings.Maybeyouthinkit

isoutofyourownmind.Maybeitseemstoodifficult.Remindingyourselfthat“YouCan”try

somethingnewwillhelpyoufindnewthingsaboutyourselfandpossiblenewinterests.

ReachfortheStars

Nomatterhowoldyouare,settingnewgoalsanddreamingmakeslifemoreinteresting.

Whetheritisprofessionalorpersonal,findnewwaystolearnandtogrow.Pushingyourselfto

bethebestwillgiveyouatasteofsuccess.Andyou'llneverfeelbored.

SpeakUp

Often,wecanbecomepleasedinourlives,goingthrougharuleandnotpayingattention

toth