2003年全國(guó)大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽初賽試題

2003NationalEnglishContestforCollegeStudents

(Preliminary)

PartIListeningComprehension(30minutes,30points)

SectionADialogues(10points)

Directions：Inthissection，youwillhear10shortdialogues.Attheendofeachdialogue,a

questionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththedialogueandthequestionwillbereadonly

once.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoices

markedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

ontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

1.A.Asalesclerk.B.Apoliceofficer.

C.Atailor.D.Anurse.

2.A.Bytrain.B.Shewalks.

C.Bycar.D.Bybus.

3.A.Fishistheonlydishleft.B.Chickenistheonlydishleft.

C.Vegetarianmealsarenotoffered.D.Therearen'tanyvegetarianmealsleft.

4.A.Hestartsworknextweekend.B.He'llbeaway.

C.He'llbeinthemountains.D.He*smovingtoFlorida.

5.A.Inanelevator.B.Atadressstore.

C.Ontheseventhfloor.D.Atadepartmentstore.

6.A.Theyfeltitwasdisorganized.

B.TheywerepleasedwithitsAsiancontent.

C.TheyfeltitlackedAsiancontent.

D.Theyfeltitignoredrecentevents.

7.A.Hedoesn'thaveenoughtime.

B.Hedoesn'thaveawatch.

C.Thelibrarydoesn'thavethearticleshewants.

D.Hecan'tfindthelibrary.

8.A.Hewantsthewomantodineoutwiththem.

B.Hewantstoworktomorrow.

C.Hewantsthewomantofinishdinnerfirst.

D.Hewantstopayforthedinner.

9.A.Twiceaday.B.Twiceaweek.

C.Onceaweek.D.Daily.

10.A.Attwoo'clock.B.Atfouro'clock.

C.Atthreethirty.D.Ateighto'clock.

SectionBNewsItems(10points)

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhear10piecesofshortnewsfromBBCorVOA.Therewill

beaquestionfollowingeachpieceofnews.Writedowntheanswertoeachquestioninnomore

than15words.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20._________________________________________

SectionCCompoundDictation(10points)

Directions：Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthe

firsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Thenlistentothepassageagain.When

thepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom21to

28withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom29to30,youarerequired

tofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwrite

downthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,

youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewrittenandrewritethecorrectanswersontheAnswerSheet.

AlthoughgeneralMotorsandGeneralElectricarelargemultinationalcompanieswithoperations

aroundtheglobe，therearenumeroussmallercompaniesthatengageininternational

trade.Because95percentoftheworld*spopulationandtwo-thirdsofits(21)powerare

locatedoutsidetheUnitedStates,itisimportantforAmerican(22)tobepresentinforeign

markets.However,beforeweexplainthedifferentmethodsbywhichacompanymay(23)in

internationaltrade,wemightfirstconsidersomeimportant(24)thatU.S.companiesoften

failtostudybeforetheysellproductsinaforeigncountry.Thesefactorsare(25)with

differencesinlanguage,invaluesandattitudes,andinpolitical(26).

When(27)Coca-ColaintotheChinesemarketin1920,thecompanyusedagroupof

Chinesesymbolsthat,whenspoken,soundedlikeCoca-Cola.However,whenread,these

symbolsmeant,“afemalehorsefattenedwithwax”.UponreenteringtheChinesemarketinthe

1970s,Coca-ColausedaseriesofChinese(28)thattranslatesintouhappinessinthe

mouth(29).

Cultureisthetotalpatternofhumanbehaviorthatispracticedbyaparticulargroupof

people?(30).

PartIIVocabularyandStructure(15minutes,30points)

SectionAMultipleChoice(20points)

Directions：Questions31-50constituteacompletepassage.Thereare20blanksinthepassage.For

eachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthe

sentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

31.SeniorMetropolitanpoliceofficerstriedtodismisstheNotingHillraceriotswhichragedfor

fivenightsovertheAugustbankholidayin1958astheworkofuruffians,bothcoloredand

whitehell-bentonhooliganism,accordingtoofficialfiles.

A.recentrevealedB.newlyreleased

C.previousdisclosingD.earlierexposing

32.Butpoliceeyewitnessreportsinthesecretpapersthattheywereoverwhelminglythe

workofawhiteworkingclassmobouttogetthe“niggers”.

A.containB.convince

C.consistD.confirm

33.TheferocityoftheNotingHill“racialriots”,asthepresscalledthematthetime,shocked

Britainintoforthefirsttimethatitwasnotabovethekindofracialconflictthenbeing

playedoutintheAmericandeepsouth.

A.realizingB.witnessing

C.watchingD.identifying

34.Thecarnival,whichwillthestreetsofwestLondonmorethan1.5millionpeople

thisweekend,wasstartedin1959asadirectresponsetotheriots.

A.crowd；ofB.pour；for

C.fill；withD.emerge；in

35.Whileseniorofficerstriedtoplaydowntheracialaspectsoftheriots,theinternal

Metropolitanpolicefilesreleasedthismonthatthepublicrecordofficeconfirmthatthe

disturbanceswereoverwhelminglyby300to400strong“KeepBritainWhiteffmobs,

manyofthemTeddyboysarmedwithironbars,butcher'sknivesandweightedleatherbelts,who

went"nigger-hunting“amongtheWestIndianresidentsofNotingHillandNotingDale.

A.eruptedB.commenced

C.triggeredD.inaugurated

36.ThefirstnightleftfiveblackmenonthepavementsofNotingHill.

A.lyingunconsciousB.theredied

C.feelfaintD.serioushurt

37.Thebattlesragedoverthebankholidayweekendastheblackrespondedinkindwith

counterattacksbylargegroupsof“menofcolor“similarlyarmed.

A.columnB.army

C.brigadeD.community

38.ThomasWilliamswasstoppedbythepoliceashecameoutofBluey'sClubonTalbotRoad,

NotingHill.Heapieceofirondownhislefttrouserleg,apetrolbombinhisrightpocket

andarazorbladeinhisinsidebreastpocket：“Ihavetoprotectmyself,“hetoldthearresting

officer.

A.foundtohaveB.wasfoundtohave

C.foundhavingD.wasfoundhaving

39.Thefiles,whichweresealedunderthe75-yearrulebuthavebeenreleasedearly,show

thatseniorofficerstriedtoconvincethethenhomesecretary,“Rab”Butler,thattherewasnota

racialelementtotherioting.

A.forbiddenB.confidential

C.incredibleD.strict

40.Inhisofficialreport,DetectiveSergeantM.WaltersoftheNottingHillpolicesaidthenational

presshadbeenwrongtoportraytheuwidespreadseriesofstreetdisturbancesvas“racial“riots：

Whereastherecertainlywassomefeelingbetweenwhiteandcoloredresidentsinthis

area,itisabundantlyclearmuchofthetroublewascausedbyruffians,bothcoloredandwhite,

whoseizedonthisopportunitytoindulgeinhooliganism?”

A.illB.sick

C.painfulD.hurt

41.Butthepolicewitnessstatementsandprivatestatistics.

A.tolddifferentlyB.inteq)retedinadifferentway

C.existedmanydifferencesD.toldadifferentstory

42.TheMetcommissionerwastoldthatthe108peoplewhowerechargedwithoffences

rangingfromgrievousbodilyharmtoaffrayandriotandpossessingoffensiveweapons,72were

whiteand36were“colored

A.forB.from

C.ofD.in

43.ItispopularlybelievedthattheriotbeganonthenightofSaturday,August20,whena

400-strongcrowdofwhitemen,"Teds”,attackedhousesoccupiedbyWestIndians.

A.theyareallB.manyofthem

C.somewereD.mostofthembelongto

44.AmongthewasMajbrittMorrison,ayoungwhiteSwedishbrideofaJamaican.

A.offendersB.rioters

C.victimsD.residents

45.Shewaspeltedwithstones,glassandwood,andinthebackwithanironbarasshe

triedtogethome.

A.bruisedB.struck

C.pattedD.scratched

46.Theinternalpolicewitnessstatementsprovidegraphicevidenceofthemotivesofthemobs-

atonepointcrowdsseveralthousandstrongroamedthestreetsofNottingHill,homesand

attackinganyWestIndiantheycouldfind.

A.plungingintoB.breakinginto

C.seekingforD.searchingfor

47.PCRichardBedfordsaidhehadseenamobof300to400whitepeopleinBramleyRoad

：“Wewillkillallblackbastards.Whydon'tyousendthemhome?”

A.shoutingB.tocry

C.utterD.announced

48.PCIanMcQueenonthesamenightsaidhewastold：”Mindyourown,cops.Keepout

ofit.Wewillsettletheseniggersourway.Wellmurderthebastards.w

A.mattersB.affair

C.thingsD.business

49.ThedisturbancescontinuednightafternightuntiltheyfinallypeteredoutonSeptember5.At

theOldBaileyJudgeSalmonlaterhandeddownexemplaryoffouryearseachonnine

whiteyouthswhohadgone“niggerhunting

A.decisionsB.statements

C.trialsD.sentences

50.Whilethosedealtwithbythecourtswereoverwhelminglywhite，thelargenumberofblack

peoplealsoarrestedandtheofficialtherehadnotbeenaracialmotiveensuredalegacyof

blackmistrustoftheMetropolitanpolicethathasneverreallybeeneradicated.

A.persistenceB.perseverance

C.insistenceD.instance

SectionBErrorCorrection(lOpoints)

Directions：Thefollowingpassagecontains9errors.Ineachcaseonlyonewordisinvolved.You

shouldproofreadthepassageontheAnswerSheetandcorrectitinthefollowingway：

EXAMPLE

Onenight,quitelate,IwasstillawakeintheroomIamsharedwith1.am

myhusband.Iwaslyingonmyrightsideandcanhearachildcrying.2.could

Gettingup,IwentAseeifoursonwasallright.3.to

Hewassleepingsoundly,breathingdeeplyandgently.4.V

TheZipper

Whateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper?

In1893theworld'sfirstzipperwasproducedinChicago.

Althoughtheinventorclaimedthatitwasareliablefastening

forclothing,thiswasnotthecase.TheChicagozippersprang51.

openwithoutwarning,orjammedshut,anditswiftlylost

popularity.TwentyyearsagoaSwedish-bornengineercalled52.

Sundbacksolvedtheproblem.Heattachedtinycupstothe

backsoftheinterlockedteeth,andthismeantthattheteeth53.

couldbeenmeshedmorefirmlyandreliably.

Atfirstzippersweremadeofmetal.Theywereheavy,and

iftheygotstuckitwasdifficulttofree.Thencamenylon54.

zipperswhichwerelighterandeasiertouse,andhadsmaller

teeth.Thefashionindustrylikedthenewzippersfarbetter

becausetheydidn,tdistortthelineofthegarmentorweighing55.

downlightfabrics.Theywerealsoeasierfbrthemachinists

tofitintothegarment.

Meanwhileanewfasteningagentmadeitsappearanceat

theendofthetwentycentury:velcro.Velcroisanotherproduct56.

madefromnylon.Nylonisaverytoughsyntheticfibrefirst

developedinthe1930s,andbearinganametomindthewearer57.

ofthetwoplaceswhereitwasdeveloped：NYforNewYorkand

LONforLondon.Velcroismadewithverysmallnylonhookson

onesideofthefasteningwhichcaughttinyloopedwhiskersonthe58.

othersideofthefastening.Itisstronganddurable.

Velcroisusedonclothing,luggagesandfootwear.Itisquick59.

andeasytofastenandunfasten,andhastakenalargepartof

thezipper'sshareofthemarket.Itisalsousedinwaysazipper

cannotbeused-forinstanceasaneasilychangedfasteningon

plastercasts,andtoholdfurnishingfabricsinaposition.60.

PartIIISituationalDialogues(5minutes,10points)

Directions：Completethefollowingdialoguesbychoosingthebestanswer.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

61.Rob：HeyJill,you'relookinggreat.

Jill：Thanks,Rob.

Rob：Well,youdidit.How?

Jill：Ijogeverymorning,andIgotoaerobicseveryotherday.

A.Iboughtthisdressyesterday.Reallysmart.

B.Youarelookingfinetoo.

C.I'mrecoveringmystrengthaftertheflu.

D.MyNewYear*sresolutionwastogetinshape.

62.Bob：HiJane.Howareyou?

Jane：Ididn'tsleepawinklastnight.Thepeoplenextdoorweremakingalot

ofnoiseagaintillverylateatnight.

A.I'mfeelingabitoutofsortsthismorning.

B.Fine,thankyou.Andyou?

C.Isleptlikealoganddidn'twanttogetoutofbed.

D.Itseemsabitunusual,youknow.

63.Ann：Aah!He'sgorgeous!Lookatthosebig,goldenpaws.Whendidyougethim?

Roger：Yesterday.

Ann：Oh,right.Whatkindisshe?

Roger：ALabrador.

A.Susan'sgotamorebeautifulone.

B.What'sup?

C.It'sasheactually.

D.Isn'titright?

64.Tina：Wow,lookatallthethingsonsale.

Andrew：Yes,look,thisshirtis50%off.

Tina：Andlookattheseshoes.Theyare30%offthenormalprice.

A.I*dliketobuyaskirt.B.Therearesomerealbargains.

C.Arethepricesreasonable?D.Theseshoesarethesameasmine.

65.Woman：Haveyoufinishedthepackaging?

Man：____________

Woman：Good.Becausethetruckwillbecomingsoon,thisisarushjob.

A.Don*thurrymorI'llbreaktheglass.

B.Almost.1justhavetowraptheglassandputitintoboxes.

C.No,Ihaven't.Whydidn*tyouhelpmewithit?

D.Yes,Ihave.WhatelsecanIdoforyou?

66.CustomsOfficer：________________________

Mrs.Johnson：No,nothingatall.

CustomsOfficer：Noperfume,alcoholorcigarettes?

Mrs.Johnson：Well,Ihave200cigarettes；that*sall.

A.Doyouhaveanythinginthebag,ma'am?

B.Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare,ma'am?

C.Doyouwanttobuysomething,ma'am?

D.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou,ma'am?

67.Linda：Hello.I'dliketosendthispackage,please.

Clerk：_____________________________________

Linda：Firstclass.Howlongwillthattake?

Clerk：Aboutthreedays.

A.Howwouldyouliketosendit?B.Whichclassareyouin?

C.Wheredoyouwanttosenditto?D.Whichclassisitin?

68.Assistant：CanIhelpyou?

Colin：Yes,it'saboutthissportsshirt.Iwashedittheotherday.Thecolourranandit

shrank.

Assistant：Ohdear,Isee._________________________

Colin：I'mafraidnot.

Assistant：I'msorry,butI'mnotallowedtochangeanythingwithoutareceipt.

A.Didyoubuyithere?

B.Wouldyouwanttochangeit?

C.Doyouhavethereceipt?

D.Couldyoutellmewhosoldittoyou?

69.James：CouldIhavemybill,please?CanIpaybycreditcardoreurocheque?

Receptionist：____________

James：I'llpaybycreditcard,then.

Receptionist：That'sfine.Ihopeyouenjoyedyourstayhere.

A.Here'syourbill.B.Sorry,wedon'ttakecreditcard.

C.Youcanpaybyeurocheque.D.Yes,wetakeboth.

70.Husband：Whenisouranniversary?

Wife：_________________________

Husband：No,it'sjustthatIboughttheseflowersforyouandIwashopingtodaywasthe

day.

A.Hmm...Ican*tremembereither.Why?

B.Hey,aretheseflowersfbrme?

C.Whocares?Doyouwanttogivemeasurprise?

D.Areyoujoking?Haveyoureallyforgottenagain?

PartIVReadingComprehension(25minutes,40points)

SectionAMultipleChoice(10points)

Directions：Thereisonereadingpassageinthispart.Thepassageisfollowedby5questionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions71to75arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

Takingapeepatwhat'sgoingoninyourhead

CARLFiler,18,astarsalesmanataB&QhardwarestoreintheUK,wascalledupforpromotion

withinoneweekofstartingwork.But,insteadofbeingmadesupervisor,hewassacked—afterhis

employerssawtheresultsofhispsychometrictest.

Youmightthinkthatanyonewhoanswersthatheustronglydisagreesheisanover-achieveris

askingfortrouble,butMrFileralreadythoughthehadprovedhimselfmorethancapable.

Thisyear,nearlyhalfofUKfirms——46percent——willusepsychometricteststoselecttrainees,

comparedwithjust17percentin2000,accordingtoareportforGTLapublisherofgraduate

careerguides.

Thesetests,whichratecandidatesJabilityandgaugetheirpersonality,havebeenusedintheUK

sincethe1980s.Butassortedstudieshaveshownmostpeople—graduatesinparticular—are

whollycynicalabouttheideaoftheirpersonalitybeing“measured.

“Peopletendtoseethemaseithertoosillyortooclever,saysCliveFletcher,professorof

occupationalpsychologyatUniversityofLondon."Butalltheevidenceindicatesthetestsdohave

somevalue.

Thefirstpersonalitytestasweknowit,wasdevelopedbytheAmericanarmyin1917tofilterout

weakrecruits.

Butitwasnotuntilthe1980sthatthetestsbecamepopularinBritain.Witharisingnumberof

graduatesgoingforadecreasingnumberofjobs,organizationsbegantoseepsychometrictesting

asacheap,reliablealternativetotheexpensive,time-consuminginterview.

Buttodaythetestsarebecomingalarminglysophisticatedandareedgingtowardsprobingthe

“darkside：pathologyandpersonalitydisorders.Increasingly,testsarebeingusedtotrytodetect

promisingyounggraduateswhomay,laterinlife,flyofftherails(gocrazy)；ortostop

psychopaths(havingmentaldisorder)gettingrecruited.

Inthefuture,intervieweescouldevenbegivenamouthswabtorevealthegeneticandbiological

markersofpersonality."Weareheadingfortheeraofgeneticscreening,warnsCarolynJones,

oftheInstituteforEmploymentRights."Ithinkthesetestsareveryflawed.

Andthereareotherproblemswiththetests.Forstarters,itispossibletofakeit—eventhetest

producersagreeonthis.Buttheyhavemadeitashardaspossible.Forexample,lookatwhether

youagreeordisagreewiththefollowingtwostatements：”Newideascomeeasilytomeand”I

findgeneratingnewconceptsdifficult.Howlongdidittakeyoutorealizetheybothcould

meanthesamething?

Themainargument,however,isthatthetestsareinvalidandcannotquantify(putanumerical

valueon)somethingaschangeableaspersonality.

Thegoldenruleisthen,thatapsychometrictestshouldneverbeusedasthesolebasisof

selection,butshouldalwaysbefollowedbyinterviews.

71.Mostpeople'sattitudetowardsthepsychometrictestis?

A.contemptuousB.favorableC.tolerantD.confounded

72.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthereasonswhypsychometrictestingwinsanadvantageover

interviews?

A.Itdoesn'tcostanymoney.B.Itrequiresnoequipment.

C.Itistime-saving.D.Itcanbedonewithinseconds.

73.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthor'sidea?

A.Psychometrictestsaredefective.

B.Psychometrictestsshouldnotbetheonlywaytorecruitpromisingyounggraduates.

C.Psychometrictestsareinvalidandcannotquantifysomethingchangeableaspersonality.

D.Psychometrictestsaregoldenrules.

74.Thetestproducersmakethetestsverycomplicatedto.

A.avoidcheatingB.improvegeneticscreening

C.findoutthebestideasD.generatenewconcepts

75.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheAmericanarmydevelopedthefirstpersonalitytesttoscreenoutweakrecruits.

B.Inthefuture,interviewerscouldgiveamouthswabtorevealinterviewees*symptoms.

C.Therearepossibilitiesforstarterstocheatinthepsychometrictests.

D.Interviewsstillplayanimportantroleinevaluatinginterviewees.

SectionBShortAnswerQuestions(30points)

Directions：Inthispartthereare3passageswith15questionsorincompletestatements.Readthe

passagescarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10

words).RemembertorewritetheanswersontheAnswerSheet.

Questions76to80arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

The8StepsofSocialInvention

1.Getreadytoplay.

Likeothertypesofcreativity,socialinventivenessflourisheswhenyoubeginthinkingoutside

conventionalboundaries.CharlieGirsch,aSt.Paul,Minnesota-basedcreativityconsultant,

suggeststhatyoustartbyplayingwithobviouslyabsurdexplanationsforeverydayevents."If

trafficisslow,youllbetemptedtosay,'Hmm.Mustbeanaccidentupahead.JInstead,try

saying,'Mustbeafamilyofturtlescrossingthehighway*or'Iexpectthere'ssomekindofalien

abductiongoingon.'You'llbeamazedhowsoonyouwillbelookingatfamiliarproblemsinnew

ways."Girsch'sbook,FanningtheCreativeSpirit(CreativityCentral,1999)hasscoresofother

exercisesforlimberinguptheinventivepartofyourbrain.

2.Generateazillionfar-fetchedideas.

Concernedaboutthehomelessinyourneighborhood?ImagineaHomelessParliament,a

HomelessCircus,homelessfamiliesforminganorchestra,ahomelessmuseum...andonand

on.Generatelikemadwithnoregardforfeasibilityinorder,associalinventionpioneerNicholas

Alberyadvises,touovercomeeworthy-but-dullideas.vEventuallythetwoorthreebestideaswill

begintostandout.

3.Takeyourwildestideaandbringitdowntoearth.

HowaboutthatHomelessCircus?Coulditturnintoaforumforhomelesspeopletodisplaytheir

creativetalents?Aperformanceseriesabouthomelessness?Aneighborhoodcarnivalwiththe

homelessasguestsofhonor?Yourflakiestideamayhaveagermofbrilliancethatactuallymakes

itmoreattractive,andthusmorefeasible(andfundable),thanitsworthy-but-dullcousins.

4.Lookforinvenationsthatsolvemorethanoneproblem.

TheSlowFoodMovement,borninItaly,boostslocalfarmersandregionalcuisinetraditionsand

restaurateursandthesametimethatit“fbeds“ourhungerforauthentictastes,healthyeating,

andamoreleisurely,sanerstyleoflife.

5.Accentuatethepositive.

“AverycommonquestionthatIgetwhenIworkwithpeopleincommunitiesis'Whydoesn't

anybodycareaboutourproblems?'"notesMchaelPatterson,asocialinventorandactivistin

Massachusetts."Whataworthlessquestion.'Why'?questionsareforphilosophers.Ask

‘How'?and4WhatT?questions—theyarealotmorepractical.vForinstance,Pattersonasks,

“Whatwouldyoudoifyouknewyoucouldn'tfail?”

6.Giveitarest.

Walkawayfromyourfavoriteideaforawhile,forgetaboutit,letitsleep.Withyourconscious

mindoutoftheway,yoursubconsciousgetstofiddlewiththeconceptforawhile,andyoujust

mighthaveanunexpectedinsightorbreakthrough.

7.Practice“yesand”insteadof"yesbut”.

Nomatterhowtemptedyouaretosay"Yes,butthiswillbehardbecause,"or"Yes,butamillion

otherpeoplearedoingthis,“shifttheconjunctionto"and"andseewhatsortofpositiverefinement

orchangeemerges."Yes,andwecouldconcentrateonimmigrants.Yes,andwecanmakeit

opentoallages.”

8.Getyourideaintotheworld.

Thisisthetoughpart.Youmightseekoutthehelpofactivistswhowilltakeashinetoyour

ideas.Orbecomeanorganizeryourself.PaulGlove,aNewYorksocialinventor,coun-sels：

“Ifyouhaveanideayoubelievein,writeapamphletwithyourphonenumberonitandpostitin

Laundromatsandbookstores.Ifthreepeoplecallyou,havelunchwiththemandcallyourselves

anorganization.Iffivepeoplecall,meetwiththemandissueapressrelease.Presto,you're

launched.

76.Togeneratefar-fetchedideashelpsto?

77.MichaelPattersonwantsustocomeupwith^How^?and"What"？insteadof"Why"?

questionsbecauseheconsiderstheyaremorepracticalthan.

78.Thepurposetopractice“yesand“insteadof“yesbut”istomakeyourselfmore.

79.Accordingtothearticle,whenonehasdifficultydevelopinghisfavoriteidea,heshould

80.Oneshouldnotonlygeneratefar-fetchedideasbutalsobecausethelatterstepisthe

nearesttoreality.

Questions81to85arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

ThinSliceofTVHasBigMarket

Itistooearlytowriteanobituaryforbulkypicturetubes,whichwillremainthemostaffordable

TVsetsforyearstocome.

But,analystsandindustryexecutivesinsistthatthinscreensalreadyhavestartedtobecomethe

dominantformatforTVsetsinthedigitalera.

Sharppricecutshavebroughtplasmasetsandotherthin,flattelevisionsoutofhigh-endelectronic

boutiquesandintothousandsofmass-marketoutletssuchasCosco,awholesalebuyingclubin

theUS,bestknownforofferingmembersbulkitemsandbigdiscounts.

TheleastexpensiveplasmasetsstillcostaheftyUS$3,OOOormore,yetsalesaregrowingso

rapidlythatmanymanufacturersareracingtoboostproduction.

Thatincrease,combinedwithexpandingproductioncapacityandimprovedtechnology,could

pushthepriceofplasmasetsdownbyone-thirdnextyear,accordingtoanalystRichardDoherty

ofEnvisioneeringGro