歷年真題

1994年

Passage1

Thefirstandsmallestunitthatcanbediscussedinrelationtolanguageistheword.In

speaking,thechoiceofwordsis41theutmostimportance.Properselectionwill

eliminateonesourceof42breakdowninthecommunicationcycle.Toooften,

carelessuseofwords43ameetingofthemindsofthespeakerandlistener.The

wordsusedbythespeakermay44unfavorablereactionsinthelistener45

interferewithhiscomprehension;hence,thetransmission-receptionsystembreaksdown.

46inaccurateorindefinitewordsmaymake47difficultfbrthe

listenertounderstandthe48whichisbeingtransmittedtohim.Thespeakerwho

doesnothavespecificwordsinhisworkingvocabularymaybe49toexplainor

describeina50thatcanbeunderstoodbyhislisteners.

41.[A]of[B]at[C]for[D]on

42.[A]inaccessible[B]timely[C]likely[D]invalid

43.[A]encourages[B]prevents[C]destroy[D]offers

44.[A]passout[B]takeaway[C]backup[D]stirup

45.[A]who[B]as[C]which[D]what

46.[A]Moreover[B]However[C]Preliminarily[D]Unexpectedly

47.[A]that[B]it[C]so[D]this

48.[A]speech[B]sense[C]message[D]meaning

49.[A]obscure[B]difficult[C]impossible[D]unable

50.[A]case[B]means[C]method[D]way

1995年

Passage2

Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterizedbyrapideyemovements

anddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.41kindofsleepisatallwell

understood,butREMsleepis42toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.The

purposeofnon-REMsleepisevenmore43.Thenewexperiments,suchasthese

44forthefirsttimeatarecentmeetingoftheSocietyforSleepResearchinMinneapolis,

suggestfascinatingexplanations45ofnon-REMsleep.

Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleep46is100percentfataltorats,

yet,47examinationofthedeadbodies,theanimalslookcompletelynormal.A

researcherhasnow48themysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Therats49

bacterialinfectionsoftheblood,50theirimmunesystems-theself-protecting

mechanismagainstdiseases—hadcrashed.

41.[A]Either[B]Neither[C]Each[D]Any

42.[A]intended[B]required[C]assumed[D]inferred

43.[A]subtle[B]obvious[C]mysterious[D]doubtful

44.[A]maintained[B]described[C]settled[D]afforded

45.[A]inthelight[B]byvirtue[C]withtheexception[D]fbrthepurpose

46.[A]reduction[B]destruction[C]deprivation[D]restriction

47.[A]upon[B]by[C]through[D]with

48.[A]paidattentionto[B]caughtsightof[C]laidemphasison[D]castlighton

49.[A]developed[B]produced[C]stimulated[D]induced

5O.[A]if[B]asif[C]onlyif[D]ifonly

1996年

Passage3

Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthenormalgrowth

andmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.

Theydonotprovideenergy,41dotheyconstructorbuildanypartofthebody.

Theyareneededfor42foodsintoenergyandbodymaintenance.Therearethirteenor

moreofthem,andif43ismissingadeficiencydiseasebecomes44.

Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,

hydrogen,oxygen,and45nitrogen.Theyaredifferent46theirelements

arearrangeddifferently,andeachvitamin47oneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.

48enoughvitaminsisessentialtolife,althoughthebodyhasnonutritional

usefor49vitamins.Manypeople,50.believeinbeingontheMsafe

side*'andthustakeextravitamins.However,awell-balanceddietwillusuallymeetallthebody1

svitaminneeds.

41.[A]either[B]so[C]nor[D]never

42.[A]shifting[B]transferring[C]altering[D]transfbrming

43.[A]any[B]some[C]anything[D]something

44.[A]serious[B]apparent[C]severe[D]fatal

45.[A]mostly[B]partially[C]sometimes[D]rarely

46.[A]inthat[B]sothat[C]suchthat[D]exceptthat

47.[A]undertakes[B]holds[C]plays[D]perfbrms

48.[A]Supplying[B]Getting[C]Providing[D]Furnishing

49.[A]exceptional[B]exceeding[C]excess[D]external

5O.[A]nevertheless[B]therefbre[C]moreover[D]meanwhile

1997年

Passage4

ManpowerInc,with560,000workers,istheworld'slargesttemporaryemployment

agency.Everymorning,itspeople41intotheofficesandfactoriesofAmerica,

seekingaday*sworkforaday'spay.Onedayatatime.42industrialgiantslike

GeneralMotorsandIBMstruggletosurvive43reducingthenumberofemployees,

Manpower,basedinMilwaukee,Wisconsin,isbooming.

44itseconomycontinuestorecover,theUSisincreasinglybecominganation

ofpart-timersandtemporaryworkers.This“45”workforceisthemostimportant

46inAmericanbusinesstoday,anditis47changingtherelationship

betweenpeopleandtheirjobs.Thephenomenonprovidesawayforcompaniestoremain

globallycompetitive48avoidingmarketcyclesandthegrowingburdens49

byemploymentrules,healthcarecostsandpensionplans.Forworkersitcanmeananendto

thesecurity,benefitsandsenseof50thatcamefrombeingaloyalemployee.

41.[A]swarm[B]stride[C]separate[D]slip

42.[A]For[B]Because[C]As[D]Since

43.[A]from[B]in[C]on[D]by

44.[A]Eventhough[B]Nowthat[C]Ifonly[D]Providedthat

45.[A]durable[B]disposable[C]available[D]transferable

46.[A]approach[B]flow[C]fashion[D]trend

47.[A]instantly[B]reversely[C]fundamentally[D]sufficiently

48.[A]but[B]while[C]and[D]whereas

49.[A]imposed[B]restricted[C]illustrated[D]confined

50.[A]excitement[B]conviction[C]enthusiasm[D]importance

1998年

Passage5

UntilrecentlymosthistoriansspokeverycriticallyoftheIndustrialRevolution.

They41thatinthelongrunindustrializationgreatlyraisedthestandardof

livingforthe42man.Buttheyinsistedthatits43resultsduringthe

periodfrom1750to1850werewidespreadpovertyandmiseryforthe44ofthe

Englishpopulation.45contrast,theysawintheprecedinghundredyearsfrom

1650to1750,whenEnglandwasstilla46agriculturalcountry,aperiodofgreat

abundanceandprosperity.

Thisview,47.isgenerallythoughttobewrong.Specialists48

historyandeconomics,have49twothings:thattheperiodfrom1650to1750was

50bygreatpoverty,andthatindustrializationcertainlydidnotworsenandmayhave

actuallyimprovedtheconditionsforthemajorityofthepopulace.

41.[A]admitted[B]believed[C]claimed[D]predicted

42.[A]plain[B]average[C]mean[D]normal

43.[A]momentary[B]prompt[C]instant[D]immediate

44.[A]bulk[B]host[C]gross[D]magnitude

45.[A]on[B]With[C]For[D]By

46.[A]broadly[B]thoroughly[C]generally[D]completely

47.[A]however[B]meanwhile[C]therefore[D]moreover

48.[A]at[B]in[C]about[D]for

49.[A]manifested[B]approved[C]shown[D]speculated

50.[A]noted[B]impressed[C]labeled[D]marked

1999年

Passage6

Industrialsafetydoesnotjusthappen.Companies41lowaccidentratesplan

theirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem

42andactive.Whentheworkiswelldone,a43ofaccident-free

operationsisestablished44timelostduetoinjuriesiskeptataminimum.

Successfulsafetyprogramsmay45greatlyintheemphasisplacedoncertain

aspectsoftheprogram.Someplacegreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding.Othersstress

safeworkpracticesby46rulesorregulations.47othersdependonan

emotionalappealtotheworker.But,therearecertainbasicideasthatmustbeusedinevery

programifmaximumresultsaretobeobtained.

Therecanbenoquestionaboutthevalueofasafetyprogram.Fromafinancial

standpointalone,safety48.Thefewertheinjury49.thebetterthe

workman'sinsurancerate.Thismaymeanthedifferencebetweenoperatingat50or

ataloss.

41.[A]at[B]in[C]on[D]with

42.[A]alive[B]vivid[C]mobile[D]diverse

43.[A]regulation[B]climate[C]circumstance[D]requirement

44.[A]where[B]how[C]what[D]unless

45.[A]alter[B]differ[C]shift[D]distinguish

46.[A]constituting[B]aggravating[C]observing[D]justifying

47.[A]some[B]Many[C]Even[D]still

48.[A]comesoff[B]turnsup[C]paysoff[D]holdsup

49.[A]claims[B]reports[C]declarations[D]proclamations

5O.[A]anadvantage[B]abenefit[C]aninterest[D]aprofit

2000年

Passage7

Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhis

production.Hemuststorealargequantityofgrain41consumingallhisgrain

immediately.Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamily42heproducesa

surplus.Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways:asseedfbrsowing,asaninsurance

43theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellin

orderto44oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto45

thesoil.Hemayalsoneedmoneytoconstructirrigation46andimprovehisfarm

inotherways.Ifnosurplusis.available,afannercannotbe47.Hemusteither

sellsomeofhispropertyor48extrafundsintheformofloans.Naturallyhewilltry

toborrowmoneyatalow49ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot50

obtainable.

41.[A]otherthan[B]aswellas[C]insteadof[D]morethan

42.[A]onlyof[B]muchas[C]longbefore[D]eversince

43.[A]for[B]against[C]of[D]towards

44.[A]replace[B]purchase[C]supplement[D]dispose

45.[A]enhance[B]mix[C]feed[D]raise

46.[A]vessels[B]routes[C]paths[D]channels

47.[A]self-confident[B]self-sufficient[C]self-satisfied[D]self-restrained

48.[A]search[B]save[C]offer[D]seek

49.[A]proportion[B]percentage[C]rate[D]ratio

5O.[A]genuinely[B]obviously[C]presumably[D]frequently

2001年

Passage7

Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyup

peopleinvolvedinprominentcases31thetrialofRosemaryWest.

Inasignificant32oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLord

Chancellor,willintroducea33billthatwillproposemakingpaymentsto

witnesses34andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof35thatcanbe

giventoacase36atrialbegins.

InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofCommonsmediaselect

committee,LordIrvinesaidhe37withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaid

thatself^regulationdidnot38sufficientcontrol.

39ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda40of

mediaprotestwhenhesaidthe41ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropean

legislationwouldbelefttojudges42toParliament.

TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which43

theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally44inBritain,laiddownthat

everybodywas45toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotect

themselvesandtheirfamilies.

"Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands46ourBritishjudges/*hesaid.

Witnesspaymentsbecamean47afterWestsentencedto10lifesentencesin

1995.Upto19witnesseswere48tohavereceivedpaymentsfortellingtheir

storiestonewspapers.Concernswereraised49witnessesmightbeencouragedto

exaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto50_guiltyverdict.

31.[A]asto[B]forinstance[C]inparticular[D]suchas

32.[A]tightening[B]intensifying[C]focusing[D]fastening

33.[A]sketch[B]rough[C]preliminary[D]draft

34.[A]illogical[B]illegal[C]improbable[D]improper

35.[A]publicity[B]penalty[C]popularity[D]peculiarity

36.[A]since[B]if[C]before[D]as

37.[A]sided[B]shared[C]complied[D]agreed

38.[A]present[B]offer[C]manifest[D]indicate

39.[A]Release[B]Publication[C]Printing[D]Exposure

40.[A]storm[B]rage[C]flare[D]flash

41.[A]translation[B]interoperation[C]exhibition[D]demonstration

42.[A]betterthan[B]otherthan[C]ratherthan[D]soonerthan

43.[A]changes[B]makes[C]sets[D]turns

44.[A]binding[B]convincing[C]restraining[D]sustaining

45.[A]authorized[B]credited[C]entitled[D]qualified

46.[A]with[B]to[C]from[D]by

47.[A]impact[B]incident[C]inference[D]issue

48.[A]stated[B]remarked[C]said[D]told

49.[A]what[B]when[C]which[D]that

5O.[A]assure[B]confide[C]ensure[D]guarantee

2002年

Passage9

Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyand

thediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Yetmuchhadhappened21.As

wasdiscussedbefore,itwasnot22the19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethe

dominantpre-electronic23、followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookand

inthe24oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunications

revolution25up,beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading26

throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpictures27the20thcentury

worldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin28Itis

importanttodoso.

Itisgenerallyrecognized,29、thattheintroductionofthecomputerinthe

early20thcentury,30bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe

1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,31itsimpactonthemediawasnot

immediately32.Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,

andtheybecame"personal"too,aswellas33、withdisplaybecomingsharper

andstorage34increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,35

generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuch36.

Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm"informationsociety”begantobewidelyusedto

describethe37withinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas

38bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,butthere

havebeen39viewsaboutitseconomic,political,socialandculturalimplications.

“Benefits"havebeenweighed40"harmful"outcomes.Andgeneralizationshave

proveddifficult.

21.[A]between[B]before[C]since[D]later

22.[A]after網(wǎng)by[C]during[D]until

23.[A]means[B]method[C]medium[D]measure

24.[A]process[B]company[C]light[D]form

25.[A]gathered[B]speeded[C]worked[D]picked

26.[A]on[B]out[C]over[D]off

27.[A]of[B]fbr[C]beyond[D]into

28.[A]concept[B]dimension[C]effect[D]perspective

29.[A]indeed[B]hence[C]however[D]therefore

30.[A]brought[B]followed[C]stimulated[D]characterized

31.[A]unless[B]since[C]lest[D]although

32.[A]apparent[B]desirable[C]negative[D]plausible

33.[A]institutional[B]universal[C]fundamental[D]instrumental

34.[A]ability[B]capability[C]capacity[D]faculty

35.[A]bymeansof[B]intermsof[C]withregardto[D]inlinewith

36.[A]deeper[B]fewer[C]nearer[D]smaller

37.[A]context[B]range[C]scope[D]territory

38.[A]regarded[B]impressed[C]influenced[D]effected

39.[A]competitive[B]controversial[C]distracting[D]irrational

40.[A]above[B]upon[C]against[D]with

2003年

Passage10

Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthat

youngadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious21tohowtheycanbest

22suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand23.butnotjustin

waysthatemphasizecompetition.24theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesanda

wholehostofnewintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespecially

self-consciousandneedthe25thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthat

theiraccomplishmentsare26byothers.However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleis

alreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe27toplanactivitiesin

whichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,28.publishingnewsletterswithmany

student-writtenbookreviews,29studentartwork,andsponsoringbook

discussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide30opportunitiesfor

leadership,aswellasfbrpracticeinsuccessful31dynamics.Makingfriendsis

extremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe32ofsomekind

oforganizationwithasupportiveadult33visibleinthebackground.

Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthatyoungteenshave34attention

spans.Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized35participantscanremainactive

aslongastheywantandthengoonto36elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithout

lettingtheotherparticipants37.Thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustaccept

irresponsibility.38theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby

39fbrrolesthatarewithintheir40andtheirattentionspansandbyhaving

clearlystatedrules.

21.[A]thought[B]ideal[C]opinion[D]advice

22.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance

23.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure

24.[A]if[B]although[C]whereas[D]because

25.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance

26.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed

27.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise

28.[A]ineffect[B]asaresult[C]fbrexample[D]inasense

29.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]exchanging

30.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple

31.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation

32.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security

33.[A]particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely

34.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short

35.[A]ifonly[B]nowthat[C]sothat[D]evenif

36.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something

37.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone

38.[A]onthe[B]ontheaverage[C]onthewhole[D]ontheotherhand

contrary

39.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking

40.[A]capabilities[B]responsibilities[C]proficiency[D]efficiency

2004年

Passage11

Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoung

people)fbcuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories

21ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior22they

werenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehavior

through23withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildren

commitcrimesin24totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus25

asarejectionofmiddle-classvalues.

Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantaged

families,26thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelatter

maycommitcrimes27lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,are

tentativeandare28tocriticism.

Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly29juvenilecrimerates.For

example,changesintheeconomythat30tofewerjobopportunitiesfbryouthandrising

unemployment31makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.The

resultingdiscontentmayin32leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior.

Familieshavealso33changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparent

householdsortwoworkingparents;34,childrenarelikelytohaveless

supervisionathome35wascommoninthetraditionalfamily36.This

lackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other37

causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased38of

drugsandalcohol,andthegrowing39ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Allthese

conditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,40a

directcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.

21.[A]acting[B]relying[C]centering[D]commenting

22.[A]before[B]unless[C]until[D]because

23.[A]interactions[B]assimilation[C]cooperation[D]consultation

24.[A]return[B]reply[C]reference[D]response

25.[A]or[B]butrather[C]but[D]orelse

26.[A]considering[B]ignoring[C]highlighting[D]discarding

27.[A]on[B]in[C]fbr[D]with

28.[A]immune[B]resistant[C]sensitive[D]subject

29.[A]affect[B]reduce[C]check[D]reflect

30.[A]point[B]lead[C]come[D]amount

31.[A]ingeneral[B]onaverage[C]bycontrast[D]atlength

32.[A]case[B]short[C]turn[D]essence

33.[A]survived[B]noticed[C]undertaken[D]experienced

34.[A]contrarily[B]consequently[C]similar[D]simultaneous1

35.[A]than[B]that[C]which[D]as

36.[A]system[B]structure[C]concept[D]heritage

37.[A]assessable[B]identifiable[C]negligible[D]incredible

38.[A]expense[B]restriction[C]allocation[D]availability

39.[A]incidence[B]awareness[C]exposure[D]popularity

40.[A]provided[B]since[C]although[D]supposing

2005年

Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellers

comparedwithanimals,(1)thisislargelybecause,(2)animals,westand

upright.Thismeansthatournosesare(3)toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloat

throughtheair,(4)themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact,(5)

,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,(6)wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.

Ournosesarecapableof(7)humansmellsevenwhentheseare(8)tofar

belowonepartinonemillion.

Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnot

another,(9)othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecause

somepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate(10)smellreceptorsinthe

nose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend(11)tothebrain.

However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell(12)can

suddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen(13)toitoftenenough.

Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatthebrainfindsit(14)

tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan(15)new

receptorsifnecessary.Thismay(16)explainwhywearenotusuallysensitiveto

ourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot(17)oftheusualsmell