2023重慶中考復(fù)習(xí)專項一閱讀理解閱讀理解是中考英語中非常重要的一部分，所占分數(shù)比例較大。文章體裁涉及也很廣，主要有記敘文，說明文，議論文，應(yīng)用文；主要題型有主旨大意題，推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測題等。解題步驟：一、先讀問題，弄清考查要點二、快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌三、細讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞四、重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案.主旨大意題此類題目考查學(xué)生對整篇文章的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、態(tài)度以及內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，所以要統(tǒng)覽全篇。在統(tǒng)覽全篇的同時要注意抓住文章的中心思想，捕捉主題句，因為一些顯性的答案可以從主題句中直接找出，而隱性的答案則是要通過對全篇的理解才能得出。主題句一般具有以下特征：①概括全段思想。②一般位于段首、段尾或段中。③解這種題目時，需要在細讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識、背景知識、生活常識等推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中內(nèi)隱的信息。主旨題常見的命題形式：?Themainideaofthistextmaybe???(2)Thispassageismainlyabout???③Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext????Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?⑤What'sthetopicofthetext?⑥Thepassagegivesus???.推理判斷題這種題目有一定難度，往往不能直接從文中找到答案，而必須根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)系或?qū)φ恼逻M行深層理解后，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯(lián)系作者的態(tài)度、觀點、意圖、語氣等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理。注意事項：①與原文相同的細節(jié)不能選；②推理的根據(jù)來自于上下文；③不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點；④在提問中常用的詞有suggest,mean,infer(推斷)，fromthefact,indicate(暗示)，conclusion,probably,likely,reason,because,accordingto等。推斷題常有的命題形式：?Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat????Fromthetextweknowthat???(3)Thestoryimpliesthat???(4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe???(5)Thewritersuggeststhat…?細節(jié)理解題首先是直接理解性題目，這種題目只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實或細節(jié)，

就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案；另外還有一些題目要求對文中個別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組或句子作出解釋或需要對有關(guān)的上下文提供的語境和信息、甚至對整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立準確、立體的理解和判斷。.詞義猜測題這類問題需要根據(jù)上下文推測和判斷生詞、短語或句子在閱讀材料中的含義，即利用我們所熟悉的詞或短語和上下文中的已知部分進行邏輯上的推理，有時還需依靠常識和經(jīng)驗。注意事項：①注意一些過渡詞語，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等,它們直接引出了同義解釋；②注意連接詞及被猜測的詞前后的因果、讓步、遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折、列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。③注意同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、同位語、定語從句、相似或相反的結(jié)構(gòu)等。真題剖析aLotsofrestaurantssaythey'rethebest.Tobehonest,wearenotande.Wejusttrytobealittlebitbettereveryday,“saidMr.Yang,whorunsarestaurantnamedGrandpaYanginChongqing.真題剖析Yangstartedtherestaurantin2011.Hewasunhappywhenquitealotoffoodwasleftuneaten."Ifcustomersknowmoreaboutthefoodbeforetheyorder,theywillknowwhattopick,“hethought.Sohedecidedtowritesomethingabouteachdishonhismenuonline.Nowthereissomethingaboutthefood."ComparedwithourGeneralTaoChicken,thisoneisnotTHATgood,“saystheintroductionofOrangeBeef.Anotherintroductionwarns,uDon'tletthenamefoolyou.ThisoneisNOTarealSichuandish.”uPeopleoftensearchonlinetofindtherightrestaurant.Idon'twantthemtosay,'Oh,it'soneofthebestinthearea,anditmustbeverygood,'butthentheycomehereonlytofindit'snotsogood,“Yangsaid."Customersshouldreadmoreaboutthefoodbeforetheyorder,notonlymyintroductions,butalsoothercustomers'opinions.”Thankstohishonesty,therestaurantishavingamomentunderthesun."It'sbeenaveryexcitingandbusytime,vsaidYang,“andIloveit.”TherestaurantGrandpaYangwasstarted.A.in2001B.in2011C.in2012D.in2021【解析】 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"Yangstartedtherestaurantin2011.”可知，Mr.Yang于2011年創(chuàng)辦了這家餐廳。故選B。Mr.Yangwasunhappywhen.thefoodwasalmostsoldoutcustomersknowalotaboutthefoodcustomersfoundthefoodunhealthyquitealotoffoodwasleftuneaten【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句"Hewasunhappywhenquitealotoffoodwasleftuneaten.”可知，當很多食物沒吃完時,他很不高興。故選D。Mr.Yangthinksthat.hisrestaurantisthebestpeopleshouldn'tsearchonlineGeneralTaoChickenisgoodcustomersshouldn'tsayanything【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“ComparedwithourGeneralTaoChicken,thisoneisnotTHATgood”可知,OrangeBeef與GeneralTaoChicken相比,GeneralTaoChicken更好。故選C。4.A.4.A.B.C.D.Mr.YangishonestitoffersagoodpriceMr.Yangisfoolish【解析】 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Thankstohishonesty,therestaurantishavingamomentunderthesun/,可知，由于他的誠實，這家餐廳經(jīng)歷了一段美好的時光。因此可推斷，Mr.Yang的餐廳成功的原因主要是他的誠實。故選B。【主旨大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章由Mr.Yang提出“很多餐館稱贊自己是最好的”引出話題，通過Mr.Yang對觀察到的自己餐館內(nèi)的實際情況的敘述一一有很多食物沒吃完這一現(xiàn)象，進而引出Mr.Yang為解決這個問題做出的努力。文章呼吁我們提高節(jié)約意識，并希望商家能堅守誠信。真題演練experts［與豕jmdyiniriKIchanceforteenagerstohavefun.WhataboutfreetimewithparentsIwantfreeplaywithoutparents'supervision真題演練experts［與豕jmdyiniriKLinTao,amiddleschoolstudent,thinksteenagersshouldbefreetoplay."LasttimeIplayedwithmyparentsaround,Iwasnervousandjustcouldn'tenjoymyselftothefullest,Linsays.“AndmyfriendChenXiaoxinhassimilarexperiences.Once,hewentouttoplaywithhisclassmates.Everyonefeltuncomfortablewithhismother'ssupervision.WangMin,amotherofa14-year-oldboy,thinksplaytimeneedssupervision.Sheexplains,“PeopleusuallysayIliketocontrolmykid,butthat'snottrue.Iamjustworriedthathewillgetintotrouble.Someguysmayhaveabadinfluenceonhim,andsomegameslikeLARP（居U本殺）maymisleadhim.Hemightevengetindulgedinthestoriesandcan'tgetbacktoreallife.nMr.Ma,adoctorofsocialstudies,saysit'sunderstandableforteenagerstowishforfreedom.Freeplayhelpsthemtobeindependent.Parentscangivethemmorespace.Theydon'thavetosupervisethemallthetime.However,teenagersshouldfindouttheexactdetails（細節(jié)）abouttheactivitiesbeforeplaytime.Thentheycancommunicatewiththeirparentsanddecidetogetherwhethertheycangoouttoplayalone.Accordingtothepassage,freetimeisagoodchanceforteenagersto.studyhardhavefungetintotroublemisleadparentsLinTaosupportshisownideaby.A.listingnumbersB.raisingquestionsC.comparingfactsD.givingexamplesTheunderlinedwords“getindulgedin“inPara.（段落）3probablymean"A.getlostinB.getinterestedinC.betiredofD.beproudofAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayMr.Masupport?HeKai'sparentsarearoundeverytimeheplayswithhisfriends.FengZhongfan'sparentsneveraskhimaboutwhomheplayswith.LiuXianggoesoutwithoutknowinganythingabouttheactivities.XieHaotalkstohisparentsabouttheexactdetailsbeforeplaytime.①OnJanuary4th,theChinaNationalTraditionalOrchestra（中央民族樂團）playedsomewell-knowntraditionalmusicintheirconcert.Audiences（觀眾）enjoyedthebeautifulsoundsofguzheng,thepowerfultunesofsuona,thetearfulnotesoferhuandsoon.EachtraditionalChinesemusicalinstrumenttellsitsownstory.②“I’vefalleninlovewiththesoundsoftraditionalinstruments,especiallypipa,afour-stringed（弦）instrumentwithahistoryofmorethan2,000years.ltcanproducedifferentsounds,suchasthesoundsoffallingsnowandraindrops.EverytimeIlistentoapipatune,Ihaveastrongfeelingofpeace,“saidYangTian,anaudienceoftheconcert.③However,arecentreportsuggests ▲.Towakeuppeople'slovefortraditionalmusic,somethingcreativehasbeendone.?Insometraditionalmusicconcerts,VR（虛擬現(xiàn)實）technologyisusedtobringthestarryskyorthebeautifulsandyviewofDunhuangtothemusichall.ltmakestheexperiencelikewat-chinga3Dmovie.⑤LiXiaobing,amusicteacherfromBeijing,mixestraditionalfolk（民間）singing,operasandChineseinstrumentsthroughtechnology.Peoplearesurprisedathisworksandtheylovethem!⑥Somemusicianstrytoaddsomethingnewtotraditionalmusic.Theybringmodernmusiclikepopandrapintotraditionalmusic.Whentheeastmeetsthewest,thenewformofmusicwinstheheartsofboththeoldandthey