目錄

2007年6月23日大學英語六級考試試題2

2007年6月23日六級參考答案11

2007年6月23日六級聽力原文12

2007年12月大學英語六級考試試題16

2007年12月大學英語六級考試試題答案：25

2008年6月21日英語六級真題及答案26

2008年6月英語六級答案34

2008年12月英語六級試卷37

2008年12月英語六級答案47

2009年6月英語六級考試49

2009年6月英語六級考試答案57

2009年12月大學英語六級考試真題63

2009年12月大學英語六級考試答案74

2010年6月英語六級試題76

2010年6月英語六級試題參考答案85

2010年12月英語六級試題87

2010年12月英語六級試題答案97

2011年6月英語六級試題105

2011年6月英語六級試題答案115

2011年12月英語六級試題129

2011年12月英語六級試題答案137

2012年6月英語六級試題143

2012年6月英語六級試題答案155

2007年6月23日大學英語六級考試試題

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldOne

ExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutline

givenbelow.

1.有人做好事期望得到回報；

2.有人認為應該像雷鋒那樣做好事不圖回報；

3.我的觀點。

ShouldOneExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthe

questionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifstatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SevenStepstoaMoreFulfillingJob

Manypeopletodayfindthemselvesinunfulfillingworksituations.Infact,oneinfourworkersis

dissatisfiedwiththeircurrentjob,accordingtotherecent"Plansfor2004"survey.Theircareerpathmay

befinanciallyrewarding,butitdoesn'tmeettheiremotional,socialorcreativeneeds.They'restuck,

unhappy,andhavenoideawhattodoaboutit,exceptmovetoanotherjob.

MaryLynMiller,veterancareerconsultantandfounderoftheLifeandCareerClinic,saysthatwhen

mostpeopleareunhappyabouttheirwork,theirfirstthoughtistogetadifferentjob.Instead,Miller

suggestslookingatthepossibilityofadifferentlife.Throughherbook,8MythsofMakingaLiving,as

wellasworkshops,seminarsandpersonalcoachingandconsulting,shehashelpedthousandsof

dissatisfiedworkersreassesslifeandwork.

LikethewayofZen,whichincludesunderstandingofoneselfasonereallyis,Millerencouragesjob

seekersandthosedissatisfiedwithworkorlifetoexaminetheirbeliefsaboutworkandrecognizethat“in

manycasesyourbeliefsarewhatbroughtyoutowhereyouaretoday."Youmayhavebeenraisedto

thinkthatwomenwerebestatnurturingandcaringand,therefore,shouldbeteachersandnurses.So

that'swhatyoudid.Or,perhapsyouwerebroughtuptobelievethatyoushoulddowhatyourfatherdid,

soyouhavetakenoverthefamilybusiness,orbecomeadentist“justlikedad."Ifthissoundsfamiliar,

it'sprobablytimetolookatthenewpossibilitiesforyourfuture.

Millerdevelopeda7-stepprocesstohelppotentialjobseekersassesstheircurrentsituationand

beliefs,identifytheirrealpassion,andstartonajourneythatallowsthemtopursuetheirpassionthrough

work.

Step1:Willingnesstodosomethingdifferent.

Breakingthecycleofdoingwhatyouhavealwaysdoneisoneofthemostdifficulttasksforjob

seekers.Manyfinditdifficulttosteerawayfromacareerpathormakeachange,evenifitdoesn'tfeel

right.Millerurgesjobseekerstoopentheirmindstootherpossibilitiesbeyondwhattheyarecurrently

doing.

Step2:Commitmenttobeingwhoyouare,notwhoorwhatsomeonewantsyoutobe.

Lookatthe\giftsandtalentsyouhaveandmakeacommitmenttopursuethosethingsthatyoulove

most.Ifyoulovethesocialaspectsofyourjob,butarestuckinsideanofficeor"chainedtoyourdesk”

mostofthetime,vowtofollowyourinstinctandinvestigatealternativecareersandworkthatallowyou

moretimetointeractwithothers.Dawnworkedasamanagerforalargeretailclothingstoreforseveral

years.Thoughshehadadvancedwithinthecompany,shefeltfrustratedandlongedtobeinvolvedwith

natureandtheoutdoors.Shedecidedtogotoschoolnightsandweekendstopursuehertruepassionby

earninghermaster'sdegreeinforestry.Shenowworksinthebiotechforestrydivisionofamajorpaper

company.

Step3:Self-definition

Millersuggeststhatoncejobseekersknowwhotheyare,theyneedtoknowhowtosellthemselves.

“Inthejobmarket,youareaproduct.Andjustlikeaproduct,youmostknowthefeaturesandbenefits

thatyouhavetoofferapotentialclient,oremployer.Examinetheskillsandknowledgethatyouhave

identifyhowtheycanapplytoyourdesiredoccupation.Yourqualitieswillexhibittoemployerswhythey

shouldhireyouoverothercandidates.

Step4:Attainalevelofself-honoring.

Self-honoringorself-lovemayseemlikeanoddstepforjobhunters,butbeingabletoaccept

yourself,withoutjudgment,helpseliminateinsecuritiesandwillmakeyoumoreself-assured.By

acceptingwhoyouare-allyouremotions,hopesanddreams,yourpersonality,andyouruniquewayof

being-you'llprojectmoreconfidencewhennetworkingandtalkingwithpotentialemployers.Thepower

ofself-honoringcanhelptobreakallthefalsehoodsyouwereprogrammedtobelieve-thosethatmade

youfeelthatyouwerenotgoodenough,orstrongenough,orintelligentenoughtodowhatyoutruly

desire.

Step5:Vision.

Millersuggeststhatjobseekersdevelopavisionthatembracestheanswerto“WhatdoIreallywant

todo?”oneshouldcreateasolidstatementinadozenorsosentencesthatdescribeindetailhowtheysee

theirliferelatedtowork.Forinstance,thesecretarywholongstobeanactressdescribesalifethatallows

hertoexpressherloveofShakespeareonstage.Arealestateagent,attractedtohiscurrentjobbecause

herlovesfixingupoldhomes,describesbuyingpropertiesthatneedalittletenderlovingcaretomake

themmoresaleable.

Step6:Appropriaterisk.

Somephilosophersbelievethatthewaytoenlightenmentcomesthroughfacingobstaclesand

difficulties.Oncepeoplediscovertheirpassion,manyaretooscaredtodoanythingaboutit.Instead,they

donothing.Withthisstep,jobseekersshouldassesswhattheyarewillingtogiveup,orrisk,inpursuitof

theirdream.Foroneworkingmom,thatmeanttakingnightclassestolearnnewcomputer-aideddesign

skills,whilestillearningasalaryandkeepingherdayjob.Forsomeoneelse,itmaymeanquittinghisor

herjob,takingoutloanandgoingbacktoschoolfulltime.You911moveonestepclosertoyouridealwork

lifeifyouidentifyhowmuchriskyouarewillingtotakeandthesacrificesyouarewillingtomake.

Step7:Action.

Someteachersofphilosophydescribeactioninthisway,“Ifonewantstogettothetopofa

mountain,justsittingatthefootthinkingaboutitwillnotbringonethere.Itisbymakingtheeffortof

climbingupthemountain,stepbystep,thateventuallythesummitisreached.MAlltoooften,itisthe

lackofactionthatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheirideals.Creatingaplanandtakingit

onestepatatimecanleadtonewanddifferentjobopportunities.Job-huntingtasksgainaddedmeaning

asyousensetheirimportanceinyourquestforamoremeaningfulworklife.Theplancaninclude

researchingindustriesandoccupations,talkingtopeoplewhoareinyourdesiredareaofwork,taking

classes,oracceptingvolunteerworkinyourtargetedfield.

Eachofthesestepswillleadyouonajourneytoahappierandmorerewardingworklife.Afterall,it

isthejourney,notthedestination,thatismostimportant.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。

1.Accordingtotherecent“Plansfor2004"survey,mostpeopleareunhappywiththeircurrentjobs.

2.MaryLynMiller?sjobistoadvisepeopleontheirlifeandcareer.

3.MaryLynMillerherselfwasoncequitedissatisfiedwithherownwork.

4.Manypeoplefinditdifficulttomakeuptheirmindswhethertochangetheircareerpath.

5.AccordingtoMaryLynMiller,peopleconsideringchangingtheircareersshouldcommit

themselvestothepursuitof.

6.Inthejobmarket,jobseekersneedtoknowhowtosellthemselveslike.

7.Duringaninterviewwithpotentialemployers,self-honoringorself-lovemayhelpajobseekerto

show.

8.MaryLynMillersuggeststhatajobseekerdevelopavisionthatanswersthequestion""

9.Manypeoplearetooscaredtopursuetheirdreamsbecausetheyareunwillingto.

10.Whatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheiridealsis.

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheend

ofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatsaid.Boththeconversationandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmust

readthefourchoicesmarkedA)B)C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

ll.A)Surfingthenet.B)Watchingatalkshow.

C)Packingabirthdaygift.D)Shoppingatajewelrystore.

12.A)Heenjoysfindingfaultwithexams.B)Heissureofhissuccessintheexam.

C)Hedoesn'tknowifhecandowellintheexam.

D)HeusedtogetstraightA'sintheexamshetook.

13.A)Themanisgenerouswithhisgoodcommentsonpeople.

B)Thewomanisunsureiftherewillbepeaceintheworld.

C)Thewomanisdoubtfulaboutnewspaperstories.

D)Themanisquiteoptimisticabouthumannature.

14.A)Studyforsomeprofession.B)Attendamedicalschool.

C)Stayinbusiness.D)Sellhisshop.

15.A)Moremoney.B)Fairtreatment.

C)Acollegeeducation.D)Shorterworkhours.

16.A)Shewasexhaustedfromhertrip.B)Shemissedthecomfortsofhome.

C)ShewasimpressedbyMexicanfood.D)ShewillnotgotoMexicoagain.

17.A)Cheerherselfupabit.B)Findamoresuitablejob.

C)Seekprofessionaladvice.D)Takeapsychologycourse.

18.A)Hedressesmoreformallynow.B)Whathewearsdoesnotmatchhisposition.

C)Hehasignoredhisfriendssincegraduation.D)Hefailedtodowellatcollege.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Togosightseeing.B)Tohavemeetings.

C)Topromoteanewchampagne.D)Tojoininatrainingprogram.

20.A)Itcanreducethenumberofpassengercomplaints.

B)Itcanmakeairtravelmoreentertaining.C)Itcancutdowntheexpensesforairtravel.

D)Itcanlessenthediscomfortcausedbyairtravel.

21.A)Tookbalancedmealswithchampagne.B)Atevegetablesandfruitonly.

C)Refrainedfromfishormeat.D)Avoidedeatingrichfood.

22.A)Manyofthemfounditdifficulttoexerciseonaplane.

B)Manyofthemwereconcernedwiththeirwell-being.

C)Notmanyofthemchosetodowhatshedid.D)Notmanyofthemunderstoodtheprogram.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Atafair.B)Atacafeteria.C)Inacomputerlab.D)Inashoppingmall.

24.A)Thelatestcomputertechnology.B)Theorganizingofanexhibition.

C)Thepurchasingofsomeequipment.D)Thedramaticchangesinthejobmarket.

25.A)Datacollection.B)Trainingconsultancy.

C)Corporatemanagement.D)Informationprocessing.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhear

somequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,

youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicemarkedA)B)C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

PassageOne

Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)Improvethemselves.B)Getridofemptydreams.

C)Followtheculturaltradition.D)Attemptsomethingimpossible.

27.A)Byfindingsufficientsupportforimplementation.

B)Bytakingintoaccounttheirownabilitytochange.

C)Byconstantlykeepinginmindtheirultimategoals.

D)Bymakingdetailedplansandcarryingthemout.

28.A)Toshowpeoplehowtogettheirlivesbacktonormal.

B)Toshowhowdifficultitisforpeopletoloseweight.

C)Toremindpeopletocheckthecaloriesonfoodbags.

D)Toillustratehoweasilypeopleabandontheirgoals.

PassageTwo

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.A)Michaefsparentsgotdivorced.B)KarenwasadoptedbyRayAnderson.

C)Karen'smotherdiedinacaraccident.D)Atruckdriverlosthislifeinacollision.

30.A)Heranaredlightandcollidedwithatruck.B)Hesacrificedhislifetosaveababygirl.

C)Hewaskilledinstantlyinaburningcar.D)HegotmarriedtoKaren'smother.

3l.A)Thereportedheroturnedouttobehisfather.

B)Hedidnotunderstandhisfathertilltoolate.

C)Suchmisfortuneshouldhavefallenonhim.

D)Itremindedhimofhismiserablechildhood.

PassageThree

Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

32.A)Germany.B)Japan.C)TheU.S.D)TheU.K.

33.A)Bydoingoddjobsatweekends.B)Byworkinglonghourseveryday.

C)Byputtinginmorehourseachweek.D)Bytakingshortervacationseachyear.

34.A)lbcombatcompetitionandraiseproductivity.

B)Toprovidethemwithmorejobopportunities.

C)lbhelpthemmaintaintheirlivingstandard.

D)Topreventthemfromholdingasecondjob.

35.A)Changetheirjobs.B)Earnmoremoney.

C)Reducetheirworkinghours.D)Strengthenthegovernment'srole.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirst

time,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,you

arerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.For

blanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,you

caneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.

Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.

注意：此部分試施請在答題卡2上作答。

Nursing,asatypicallyfemaleprofession,mustdealconstantlywiththefalseimpressionthatnurses

aretheretowaitonthephysician.Asnurses,weare(36)toprovidenursingcareonly.Wedo

nothaveanylegalormoral(37)toanyphysician.Weprovidehealthteaching,(38)

physicalaswellasemotionalproblems,(39)patient-relatedservices,andmakeallofour

nursingdecisionsbaseduponwhatisbestorsuitableforthepatient.If,inany(40),wefeelthat

aphysician'sorderis(41)orunsafe,wehavealegal(42)toquestionthatorderor

refusetocarryitout.

Nursingisnotanine-to-fivejobwitheveryweekendoff.Allnursesareawareofthatbeforetheyenter

theprofession.Theemotionalandphysicalstress.However,thatoccursduetooddworkinghoursisa(43)

reasonforalotofthecareerdissatisfaction.(44).That

disturbsourpersonallives,disruptsoursleepingandeatinghabits,andisolatesusfromeverythingexcept

job-relatedfriendsandactivities.

Thequalityofnursingcareisbeingaffecteddramaticallybythesesituations.(45).

Consumersofmedicallyrelatedserviceshaveevidentlynotbeenaffectedenoughyettodemandchanges

inourmedicalsystem.Butiftrendscontinueaspredicted,(46).

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Read

thepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.

Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Googleisaworld-famouscompany,withitsheadquartersinMountainView,California.Itwasset

upinaSiliconValleygaragein1998,andinflated(膨脹)withtheInternetbubble.Evenwheneverything

arounditcollapsedthecompanykeptoninflating.Google'ssearchengineissowidespreadacrossthe

worldthatsearchbecameGoogle,andgooglebecameaverb.Theworldfellinlovewiththeeffective,

fascinatinglyfasttechnology.

GoogleowesmuchofitssuccesstothebrillianceofS.BrinandL.Page,butalsotoaseriesof

fortunateevents.ItwasPagewho,atStanfordin1996,initiatedtheacademicprojectthateventually

becameGoogle'ssearchengine.Brin,whohadmetPageatastudentorientationayearearlier,joinedthe

projectearlyon.TheywerebothPh.D.candidateswhentheydevisedthesearchenginewhichwasbetter

thantherestand,withoutanymarketing,spreadbywordofmouthfromearlyadoptersto,eventually,

yourgrandmother.

Theirbreakthrough,simplyput,wasthatwhentheirsearchenginecrawledtheWeb,itdidmorethan

justlookforwordmatches,italsotallied(統(tǒng)計)andrankedahostofothercriticalfactorslikehow

websiteslinktooneanother.Thatdeliveredfarbetterresultsthananythingelse.BrinandPagemeantto

nametheircreationGoogol(themathematicaltermforthenumber1followedby100zeroes),but

someonemisspelledthewordsoitstuckasGoogle.Theyraisedmoneyfromprescient(有先見之明的)

professorsandventurecapitalists,andmovedoffcampustoturnGoogleintobusiness.Perhapstheir

biggeststrokeofluckcameearlyonwhentheytriedtoselltheirtechnologytoothersearchengines,but

noonemettheirprice,andtheybuiltitupontheirown.

Thenextbreakthroughcamein2000,whenGooglefiguredouthowtomakemoneywithits

invention.Ithadlotsofusers,butalmostnoonewaspaying.Thesolutionturnedouttobeadvertising,

andit'snotanexaggerationtosaythatGoogleisnowessentiallyanadvertisingcompany,giventhat

that'sthesourceofnearlyallitsrevenue.Todayitisagiantadvertisingcompany,worth$100billion.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

47.Apartfromaseriesoffortunateevents,whatisitthathasmadeGooglesosuccessful?

48.Google'ssearchengineoriginatedfromstartedbyL.Page.

49.HowdidGoogle'ssearchenginespreadallovertheworld?

5O.BrinandPagedecidedtosetuptheirownbusinessbecausenoonewould.

51.TherevenueoftheGooglecompanyislargelygeneratedfrom.

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）,andD）.Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn'tfeelgood.

Whydoesn'tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttothe

appearancein1958ofTheAffluent（富裕的）SocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat

97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehuman

condition.Formostofhistory,"hunger,sickness,andcold“threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.

"Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours."AfterWorldWarII,thedread

ofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged

18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

lbGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,

companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn'treallywantorneed.Becausesomuch

spendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmake

everyonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively-andwrongly—labeledgovernment

onlyas“anecessaryevil.99

It'softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.

Well,therearemanyundeservingrich-overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningful

period,mostpeople'sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamily

incomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.peoplefeel“squeezed“becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon't

satisfytheirrisingwants-forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternet

connections.

Theothergreatflustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspart

oftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkersfearthey've

become“thedisposableAmerican,asLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalof

widespreadaffluencesuggestedutopian（烏托邦式的）possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.

Thereismuchlesphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreates

newcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthe

questforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluence

liberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthe

promiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthat

haveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity（肥胖癥）.Statisticalindicatorsof

happinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We'vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluence

doesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

52.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

A)Whystatisticsdon'ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B)Whyaffluencedoesn'tguaranteehappiness.

C)Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.D)Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

53.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause.

A)publicspendinghasn'tbeencutdownasexpected

B)thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C)theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepressionD)materialismhasrunwildinmodemsociety

54,Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

A)Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B)Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C)Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweenther5ichandthepoor.

D)Healthcareandeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

55.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Line3,Para.5)?

A)Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B)Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C)PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D)Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

56.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

A)Renewedeconomicsecurity.B)Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C)Newconflictsandcomplaints.D)Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Theuseofdeferential(敬重的)languageissymbolicoftheConfucianidealofthewoman,which

dominatesconservativegendernormsinJapan.Thisidealpresentsawomanwhowithdrawsquietlytothe

background,subordinatingherlifeandneedstothoseofherfamilyanditsmalehead.Sheisadutiful

daughter,wife,andmother,masterofthedomesticarts.ThetypicalrefinedJapanesewomanexcelsin

modestyanddelicacy;shetreadssoftly(謹言慎行)intheworld,“elevatingfemininebeautyandgrace

toanartform.

Nowadays,itiscommonlyobservedthatyoungwomenarenotconformingtothefemininelinguistic

(語言的)ideal.Theyareusingfeweroftheverydeferential“women's"forms,andevenusingthefew

strongformsthatareknowas"men's."This,ofcourse,attractsconsiderableattentionandhasledto

anoutcryintheJapanesemediaagainstthedefeminizationofwomen'slanguage.Indeed,wedidn'thear

about“men'slanguage“untilpeoplebegantorespondtogirls5appropriationofformsnormallyreserved

forboysandmen.Thereisconsiderablesentimentaboutthe“corruption“ofwomen'slanguage—which

ofcourseisviewedaspartofthelossoffeminineidealsandmorality-andthissentimentiscrystallized

bynationwideopinionpollsthatareregularlycarriedoutbythemedia.

YbshikoMatsumotohasarguedthatyoungwomenprobablyneverusedasmanyofthehighly

deferentialformsasolderwomen.Thishighlypolitestyleisnodoubtsomethingthatyoungwomenhave

beenexpectedto“growinto^^—afterall,itisassignnotsimplyoffemininity,butofmaturityand

refinement,anditsusecouldbetakentoindicateachangeinthenatureofone'ssocialrelationsaswell.

Onemightwellimaginelittlegirlsusingexceedinglypoliteformswhenplayinghouseorimitatingolder

women—inafashionanalogoustolittlegirls'useofahigh-pitchedvoicetodo"teachertalk"or"mother

talk“inroleplay.

ThefactthatyoungJapanesewomenareusinglessdeferentiallanguageisasuresignofchange—of

socialchangeandoflinguisticchange.B