2021屆山西交城中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末考試試題及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ATheBestPlacetoCampinEachStateWashington-SecondBeach,OlympicNationalParkCampersputuptheirtentsrightonthesandofthisPacificNorthwestbeach.Makeacampfire,photographsunsetovertheseaandtrytoabsorbthischarmingspotwithyourentirebeing.Alaska-BartlettCoveCampground,Glacier（冰川）BayNationalParkInastatefullofnaturalriches,GlacierBayisawonder,hometohighpeaks,whales,700milesofcoastline,andlightblueglaciersthatflowdirectlyintothesea.SetwithintemperaterainforestalongBartlettCove,thepark'sonlycampgroundisimpressivelygreenandaneasyjumping-offpointforboattours.Arizona-HavasupaiCampground,HavasupaiReservationGettingtoHavasupaiisachallenge.Permitsaresnatched（剝奪）upalmostinstantly,andevenifyougetoneit'sa10-milehikefromthebordertoreachthisruralcampgroundthathugsHavasuCreek.Makethejourney,however,andyou'rerewardedwithaseriesofgreatwaterfallsandnaturalpools.Arkansas-BuffaloNationalRiverAmerica'sfirstnationalrivertravels135milesthroughtheOzarkMountains,windingitswayoverrapids,formingpeacefulpoolsandpassingrockycliffstoppedbygreenforest.Planafloattripandabsorbthesceneryataleisurelypace,pausingforhikestovisitLostValley'scavesorthe200-footwaterfalls.Whichstatemayattractpeoplepreferringglaciers?A.Alaska. B.Washington.C.Arizona. D.Arkansas.WhatmakesArizonaapopularcampchoiceamongtourists?A.Theblueglaciersandgreenrainforests. B.Thewindingnationalriverandcliffs.C.Thesoaringpeaksandlongcoastline. D.Thebeautifulwaterfallsandpools.WhatcanyoudowhencampinginArkansas?A.Takealongtriponfoot. B.Visitcavesandwaterfalls.C.Putupawell-equippedtent.D.Enjoyaviewofsunset.BItisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild'slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandcommandsinanegativeorpositivechoiceofwords.Forexample,wecansaytoachild“Don'trunintotraffic！”or“Stayonthefootpathclosetome.”Inusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelcompetentinawiderangeofsituations,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren'tscaringthemselveswithwhatnottodo.Actually,itisallinthewaythehumanmindworks.Whatwethink,weautomaticallyrehearse.Forexample,ifsomeoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn'tbeabletodoit.Whenachildistold“Don'tfalloffthetree，”hewillthinkoftwothings：“don't”and“falloffthetree”.Thatis,hewillautomaticallycreatethepictureoffallingoffthetreeinhismind.Achildwhoisvividlyimaginingfallingoffthetreeismuchmorelikelytofalloff.Soitisfarbettertouse“Holdontothetreecarefully.”Clear,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowtobesafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheircommandspositive.“Sam,holdonfirmlytothesideoftheboat”ismuchmoreusefulthan“Don'tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat？”or“HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyoudrown？”Thechangesaresmallbutthedifferenceisobvious.Childrenlearnhowtoguideandorganizethemselvesfromthewayweguidethemwithourwords,soitpaystobepositive.Positivechoiceofwordshelpskidsto .A.learnindifferentsituations B.dothingscarefullyC.builduptheirconfidence D.improvetheirimaginationWhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?Achildwillactonwhatisinstructed.Onecan'thelpimaginingwhatisheard.Achildwillfalloffthetreewhentoldnotto.Onewon'tthinkofabluemonkeywhengivenmoney.Whichofthefollowingcommandshelpskidstobesafe?A.HowdoyouthinkI'llfeelifyougethurt? B.Don'tplaybythelake.C.Don'tyoudaretowalkthroughtheredlight? D.Fastenyourseatbelt.Themainideaofthepassageisthat .positiveinstructionsguidekidspraisemakeskidsconfidentCrightinstructionskeepkidssafeD.clearcommandsmakekidsdifferentCForyears,ZachAult,afatherofthree,enjoyedbeingphysicallyactive.Hewaseventrainingforahalf-marathon.Butin2017,hetooktimeofftorecoverfromaninfection.Afterrecovering,hetriedtocontinuehisrunsbutcouldnotcompletethem.Hewasnotabletospendtimewithhischildren.Hehadtocutbackhisjob.Evensleepingasmuchas16hoursadaymadenodifferenceinhiscondition.“Hisbodyhadliterallyhijackedhimanditwasn'tgoingtoallowhimtopushthrough,”saidAnneAult,hiswife.Aftermonthsoftesting,doctorsannouncedtheirresult-chronicfatiguesyndrome,adiseasethatmakesanindividualfeelextremelytired.Thisfatiguelastsmorethansixmonthsandbecomesworseafteranykindofphysicalexertion(費(fèi)力活動).Patientsmayhavedifficultystandingupright.Theyalsomayhavetroublethinking,oftendescribedasa“brainfog”.Therearenoapprovedtreatments,oreventeststohelpwithdiagnosis.Thereisnowaytopredictwhowillrecoverandwhowillhaveaseverecasethatlastsforyears.NowthedoctorsattheNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)areconductingauniquestudytolearnmoreaboutthecondition.ZachAultisoneofthesubjectsinthestudy.WhenAultridesanexercisebicycle,scientistsmeasurehowhislegmusclesuseoxygen.Afterward,doctorsfitaspecialcaponAult'sheadtomeasureelectricalactivityinhisbrain.Theythensendhimtospendthenightinanair-tightroomwhereairhasbeenremovedwithpipeforadditionalstudy.ScientistsmeasureoxygenandcarbondioxidelevelstotellhowmuchenergyAultisusing,minutebyminute.“We'refiguringouthowhisbodyadjuststoanexerciseload,orastressload.”“It'shardnotknowingiforwhenI'mgoingtorecover,”hesaid.ButAultsaysthestudydidhelphimlearnaboutthedisease.Anditgavehimideasabouthowtosaveuphisenergy.WhatwasZachAult'slifelikebefore2017?A.Hewasfondofexercising. B.Hewonseveralhalf-marathons.C.Hespentmuchtimelyinginbed. D.Hewasbusylookingafterhischildren.HowdidtheinfectionaffectZachAult?A.Helosthisjob. B.Hewasunabletosleep.C.Hebecametooweaktodosports. D.Hewastiredofrunningahalf-marathon.Whatcanwelearnaboutchronicfatiguesyndrome?Itusuallylastsnomorethanmonths.Itislikelytocausethinkingdisorders.Patientswithitneedtostayinbedalldaylong.Patientswithitshouldavoidanykindofexercise.WhatdoesZachAultthinkofthestudy?A.Ithelpedhimcurehisillness. B.Ithelpedhimrecoverandstayfit.C.Ittaughthimhowtoenjoycycling. D.Itbroughthimnewideasaboutfightingdiseases.DSheisoneofmankind’soldestancestorsandismorethanthreemillionyearsold.NewanalysisofthearmbonesofLucy,anearlyhominid,suggestsshewasatreeclimber.Lucy’sremainswereuncoveredinEthiopiainthe1970s,withthe3.18million-year-oldskeleton（骨骼）beingthemostcompleteofanyupright,walkinghumanancestor.Sinceshewasdiscovered,researchershavedebatedwhethershespentherlifeinthetreesorspenttimewalkingontheplainsaswell.Thenewevidencefromscansofherarmbonesprovesshespenttimeclimbingandusedherarmstopullherselfup.Thescanswerecomparedwithcrosssectionsofhumansandchimpanzees,whichspendamixtureoftimeintreesandwalkingonallfoursontheground.Theyfoundthatthearmbonesweremoreheavilybuilt,similartothoseofchimps,whileheHowe門imbs（下肢）wouldhavemeantshewalkedlessefficientlythanmodernhumans.ProfessorJohnKappelman,atUniversityofTexas,believestheadvantageofhisstudywasthatitfocusedoncharacteristicsthatreflectactualbehaviorduringlife,suggestingthatevenwhenLucywalkedupright,shemayhavedonesolessefficientlythanmodernhumans,limitingherabilitytowalklongdistancesontheground.PreviousstudiessuggestedthatLucywasjust4feettallandweighedjust65pounds.Combiningthenewdatapaintsapictureofanancestorwhomayhavespentagreatamountofhertimeintrees.ItalsoexpandsonevidencefromearlierthisyearwhichclaimedthatLucymayhavediedfromafall,mostlikelyfromatree.TheevidencesuggestsLucymayhavespenttimeontheground,returningtothesafetyofthetreesforfoodandtosleep,toavoidherenemies.WhatdidtheresearchersargueaboutafterLucywasdiscovered?A.Whereshelived. B.Howlongshelived.C.Whatsheate. D.Howsheworked.HowcouldpeopletellLucyspenttimeclimbing?A.Byherwalkingstyle. B.Byherheavilybuiltarmbones.C.Byherstronglowerlimbs. D.Byherlargecrosssections.WhenLucywalked,shemay .havewalkedwithbiggerstepshavewalkedatafasterspeedhavewalkedmoreefficientlythanushavewalkedashorterdistancethanusWhatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?GuessesaboutLucy’scharacteristics. B.SomeevidenceofLucy’shealth.C.ThesafetyofLucy. D.TheancestorofLucy.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup? 16 Whenyouareaskedthequestion,didyouhaveananswerattheready,ordidyouneedafewminutestothinkaboutit?Weallhavedreamsofbecomingsomethinggreat,likeafireman,ateacher,orarockstar.Well,howdidyoudo?Maybeyouneverdesiretobewhatyousetouttobeorsaidthatyouwouldbecome. 17 Theolderweget,ourtasteschange,ourviewoftheworldchanges,evenourgoalschange.OneofthemostimportantlessonsI'velearnedduringmycareerpathistodosomethingyoulovetodo.Ifeelthatifyouenjoywhatyoumakealivingat,youendupbeinghappyinmorewaysthanone. 18 Whilenojoborbusinessisperfecttheimportantthingistoenjoyit,evenlearnfromit.Ifyouareunhappyinyourcurrentsituation,whynottakestepsnowtochangeit? 19 Ifyouarealreadythere,Iapplaud（鼓掌）you.Ifnot,realizethatitmaytakesometimetofigureoutwhatyoureallywanttodo,andevenmoretimetoactuallygetthere.That’sallright!Icantellyoufromexperiencethatfindinganddoingwhatyoulovearelyworthit.Alloftheresearch,training,andhands-onexperiencehavemademeastronger,happierperson. 20 You'llbehappierforit.Trustme.Ipromiseyouwillneverlookback.A.Butthenagain,thingschange.Dowhatyouloveandlovewhatyoudo.Lifeitselfbecomesmuchmoreinterestingandfun.Perhapsyou'vebeenaskedthequestionsometimes.Youmusthavemetwithsuchsituationasalittlechild.Maybeyouwillfindthatthenewjobismoresuitableforyou.Somewhereoutthereisajoborbusinessthatisperfectforyou.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Iwaswalkinghomefromschoolonedayandithappenedtobeaparticularlycoldandwindyday.Itwas 21andIwascrazyenoughtoforgetmyhatsandscarf.Youcanimaginemycheekswererosy22 andmyhandswereasnumbastheycanbe.Allofasudden,anoldlady 23 upbesidemeandaskedifIwouldlikearide 24 .IsaiditwasOKandher 25 smilemelted（融化）awaythethoughtthatIshouldnevertalkto 26 !Wehadanamazingchatandshewasjust 27 agoodwoman.Shetoldmeher 28 andshedroppedmeoff.Ididn’tseeherortalktoherforaboutamonthandonenightasI 29 herkindgesture,Idecidedtoreturnthefavor.So,Imadealotof 30 andwalkeddowntoherhousewithmyfriend.AtfirstIwasabit 31 shewouldn’tremembermeorthinkthatIwasabadmanwhopoisonedcookiesbutluckily,Iwas 32 wrong.Shewassohappy,andshehuggedmeandkissedmeandseemedso 33 thatsomeonewoulddosomethinglikethat!WhenIgothomemymomtoldmethatshe 34 andtoldmymomonthephonethatshe 35 becauseshewassotouched.Shesaidshewouldnever 36 thekindnessthatwasgiventoher!Thatfilledmewithsuch 37 !Therereallyisnothingelsejoyfullikehelping 38 andmakingsomeone’sday 39 !Letusnever 40 thejoywegetbygivingothersahand!21.A.blowingB.freezingC.flowing D.flying22.A.redB.pureC.white D.pale23.A.pickedB.turnedC.drove D.took24.A.hospitalB.familyC.school D.home25.A.warmB.easyC.simple D.strange26.A.womenB.driversC.strangers D.neighbors27.A.soB.suchC.that D.as28.A.numbersB.carC.family D.address29.A.rememberedB.forgotC.repeated D.regretted30.A.breadB.saladC.cookies D.sweets31.A.upsetB.disappointedC.confused D.worried32.A.generallyB.completelyC.hardly D.usually33.A.puzzledB.surprisedC.satisfiedD.fearful34.A.visitedB.cameC.droveD.called35.A.criedB.sleptC.leftD.laughed36.A.permitB.pardonC.forgetD.imagine37.A.sadnessB.interestC.puzzleD.happiness38.A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.other39.A.busierB.brighterC.easierD.harder40.A.expectB.takeC.forgetD.misunderstand第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式BytheendofJunethisyear,55BeiDousatellites___41.___(send)up,meaningtheofcompletionofChina’sself-developedBeiDouNavigation(導(dǎo)航)SatelliteSystem(BDS). 42.BDSappearslaterthanAmerica'sGPS,Russia’sGLONASSandEU’sGalileo,itcanequalthem.Asoneofthefourglobalnavigationsatellitesystems,BDSinvolvescombinedeffortsofover400agenciesand300,000researchpersonnelandtechnicians.Originally___43.___(draft)inthe1980s,theprojectrepresentsamilestoneinChina’sspaceeffort.BDSiscomparabletoGPSintermsofthe___44.___(accurate)ofpositioning,whichhasbeenapplied___45.___sharedHellobikesinDaqing.Italsooffers,shortmessagecommunication,thus___46.___(provide)emergencycommunicationsinareas___47.___failtopickupclearconventionalcommunicationsignalsoccasionally.Inaneffort___48.___(improve)thequalityoftheirpositioningservices,AppleandSamsungphones,amongothers,arealreadyusingBDS’signals,andsoiseveryChinesebrand.TheconstructionofcompleteBDSis___49.___hugetechnicalachievementforC