絕密★啟用前2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）

英語(yǔ)筆試本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第∏卷（非選擇題）兩部分,共130分,考試用時(shí)100分鐘。第1卷1至10頁(yè)，第∏卷U至12頁(yè)。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí),考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第I卷注意事項(xiàng)：Io每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)2.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)；單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).例：Standoverthereyou,11beabletoseeitbetter.AoorB.andC.butD.wlule答案是N1.—Iguessyouwanttogoplayteιuιis.—oThat,sexactlywhatIwastlii?ikingtoo.Ao?didn,tgetit B.IfsuptoyouCoYouneverknowD.Youreadmynιiιιd【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意:一一我猜你想去打網(wǎng)球。一一你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想著的事情。從回答的后半句可知,聽話人同意說話人的意思。而A（不明白，不認(rèn)同某人的說法）、B（決于你）和CQR難說,不可預(yù)知）都不符合語(yǔ)境。"youreadmymind”意為“你知我心〃，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。2oItosendPeteragifttoCongrahilatehmιonIiismarriage,butIcouldn,tmanageit。A.hadhoped BQaιnhopingC.havehoped D.wouldhope【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查過去完成時(shí).句意：我本來計(jì)劃在Peter結(jié)婚時(shí)送他一個(gè)禮物的，可是我沒有做到。第二個(gè)分句中“couldrYt”用的是一般過去時(shí)，所以發(fā)生在它之前的動(dòng)作用過去完成時(shí)。故選AC3.Astudyshowsthes?ιdentswhoa?eengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.Aoones B.thoseC.these D°them【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考杳代詞。句意：一項(xiàng)研究表明，參加課外活動(dòng)的學(xué)生比不參加課外活動(dòng)的學(xué)生更開心.空格處代詞與thestudents是對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，可以用theones或者those替代.“them”指代的是前邊提到的愛數(shù)名詞,不能與thestudents形成對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系?！皌hese〃一般不用定語(yǔ)從句修飾。故選B..tothuιkcriticallyisaιιimportantskilltoday,scluldrenwillneedforthefiιtιuβe.AoLearn BaLearnedCoLearningDoHavinglearned【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：學(xué)會(huì)批判性思維是當(dāng)代小孩未來所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主語(yǔ)成分,而過去分詞、動(dòng)詞都不可以作主語(yǔ),此處用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，故選C..alltheproblems,severaloftheplayersproducedexcellentPelfblmances。AoAccordingto B0InsteadofCoIiiadditionto D.Iiispiteof【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞詞組。句意:盡管存在所有這些問題，幾個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員還是表現(xiàn)很好。Aoaccordingto據(jù)（ 所說）；按（ 所報(bào)道）；B。insteadof代替，作為 的替換；Coinadditionto另外,加之,除……之外；Doinspiteof盡管，不管。前后形成讓步關(guān)系，故選D。.-MysongotafiιllscholarshiptoIiisdreamuniversity!—Wow,!WharShegoingtostudy?A.goodforhim B?goforitCowhatacoincidence D.allthebest【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考杳情景交際。句意：——我的兒子得了他夢(mèng)想的大學(xué)的全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。一一噢，對(duì)他有好處!他打算學(xué)習(xí)什么呢？goodforhim”對(duì)他有好處”；goforit“努力爭(zhēng)取"：whatacoincidence“多么巧合”；allthebest"祝一切順利(祝酒告別時(shí)說)”.故選A符合語(yǔ)境。.XV7ecanobseιvethatartificialmtellιgencehasakeadymadea(n)onou?-livesinmanyways.Aostatement B.impactCoimpression D.judgment【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以觀察到人工智能已經(jīng)在許多方面已經(jīng)對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生了影響。AoStatement陳述說明；BoImPaCt影響，效果：C.impression印象；D.judgment判斷o故選B符合語(yǔ)境..Ainyaswellasherbrothers?awarmwelcomewhen?eturnmgtothevillagelastWeek口Aoisgiven BQaιegivenC.wasgiven D°weregiven【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考杳時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：艾米和她的兄弟們當(dāng)上周回到村里時(shí)，受到了熱烈的歡迎。根據(jù)IaStWeek可知，應(yīng)用過去時(shí),排除選項(xiàng)A和B：本句的主語(yǔ)是Amy,她受到熱烈歡迎,所以用過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)。故選C。9oKateheardaman'svoiceinthebackground,butshecouldn,twlιathewassaying.A.setaside BQtakebackC.makeout D°keepoff【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析.句意：凱特聽到背景中有一個(gè)男人的聲音，但她聽不清他在說什么。A。setaside存儲(chǔ)，留出；Botakeback收回，拿回；Comakeout辨認(rèn)出，理解，了解；D.keepoff（使）避開。根據(jù)but可推知,凱特應(yīng)該是聽不清。故選CoIOoMostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespeciallytohelptlienisucceedacademicallyandpersonally0Aodesigned B.designingCotodesign D°beingdesigned【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)大學(xué)都為一年級(jí)學(xué)生開設(shè)了一門課程,專門幫助他們?cè)趯W(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人方面取得成功.acourse和design之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。故選A。IloTheirchildisatthestageshecaιιsaymdividualwordsbutnotfιιllsentencesɑAowhy B.whereCowhich Dowhat【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們的孩子正處于能說單個(gè)單詞而不能說完整句子的階段。句中shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是thestage,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞Where,故選B。12oTheprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountusemobilephonesinIusclassoA.shouldthey BatheyshouldC.daιetlιey D°theydaιe【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查部分倒裝和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。Onnoacc。Unt意為“決不”，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，排除B、D項(xiàng)；這里表示應(yīng)該,故選A。.TomissoUidependentthatheneveraskshisparents5opuuonhewantstheii`supportc.A.since B.onceCounless D°after【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：湯姆是如此獨(dú)立，以至于他從來不征求父母的意見，除非他想得到他們的支持。Asmce既然：B.once一旦；C。UnIeSS除非：Doafter在……之后。故選C符合語(yǔ)境.oTheworkerswerenotbetterorganized,OtherWiSetlιeythetaskinhalfthetune.Aoaccomplished B.hadaccomplishedC.wouldaccomplish D.wouldhaveaccomplished【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣.句意：工人們沒有被更好的組織起來,否則他們用一半的時(shí)間就能完成任務(wù)。根據(jù)上句theworkerswerenotbetterorganized可知，這是對(duì)過去事情的虛擬。表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句:lf+主語(yǔ)+過去完成時(shí)+其他,主句：主語(yǔ)+should(would,could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他,故選D。15.Adog,seati?ighabitιequιresregulartrainingbeforeitisestablished.A.properly B?widelyC.originally D.temporarily【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：在狗的飲食習(xí)慣被正確地建立之前，需要定期的訓(xùn)練.Apropeily正確地；B.widely廣泛地；C.Ongmally最初；D。忙mpoιaIiIy臨時(shí)地。狗的飲食習(xí)慣不可能是被“廣泛地、最初地、臨時(shí)地”建立，故選A。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題;每小題L5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegιoceιyonenight,whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone。IcouldonlyhaveleftitontlιeG9bus,whichwasnowspeedmgi?ithedarktosome station.The momentwasquicklyfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeaιιdmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethe18oftlιatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver,slicense,tlιecash,alllosttothebus.Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,IheardaknockonthedooioMyhusband19itwhileIwasonthephoneinthedιnmgIOomo"DoesJenniferlivehere?”Iheardaladysay。Inmyhusbaιιd,shandwasmywallet,withnotapenny20?SheleftbeforeIcould21makeittothedoortooffermythanksoAftershaιingtlιestoryonline,Iheardfromsomeone,who22theladyasEriiiSmith.Without23_，Icalledtothaιιkher.Shesaidshe24mywalletonabusseat.She25thatgoingtoastranger,shousewasa26move,butshedecidedtotaketheChanCeoζζIfIwereinthat 27 ,Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme,”shesaid.Tiiisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmall28 ，butsheactuallywasn,ttheonlyone。RightafterEiiii29mywalletonthebus,shepostedapictυιeofmydιiver,slicensetoano?ilmefbnιm（論壇）,tryingtosee30anyoneknewme□NosoonerdidsheleavemydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson,snurseryandWhOrecognizedmyface。I'venever31wordswiththosemonιsbeyondsmalltalk,buttheywantedtohelp.Ireadthatpeopleaιemoredividedthanever,buttlιafsnothowthepeopleI32tendtoact。33,Ifeelblessedsomeonehadwantedtohelpastranger.Eriiihadgone34whatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycold?ught,andforthatIwasextremely35 016.A.accessibleBoIuddenCounknownD.Convement17.A.face-savmgBobrain-washiiigCoeye-catchingD.heart-stopping18oAopaιtsB.contentsC.detailsDoingredients19.A.ignoredB.answeredCoexaιιiHiedDomtermpted20.AomissingB.returnedCoremaiιιmgD.abandoned21oA.stillBoeverC.yetDoeven22.AoselectedB.appomtedCoidentifiedD.defined23.AodelayBoalarmC.regretDoi?witation24oA.movedB.placedCoopenedD.spotted25.AodisagreedBocomplainedC.calculatedDorecommended26.AoselflessBoriskyCoslowD.personal27.AositeB.duectionCosituationD.atmosphere28oA.crisisAogotndofA.if31oA.recalled32oA.encounter33.A.Gomgaway34oAomto35oA.longingBodangerBomadeuseofB.whereexchangedB.followBoTuniuigaιoundBoagai?istBoenthusiasticC.thιeatC.hadcontrolofC.howC.repeatedC.consultC.LookuigbackCooverconcernedfailureD.tookpossessionofDowhenD.wlιisperedDoaccompanyD.ConmigalongD.beyondDograteful【答案】16.C17oD18.B19.B20。A21.D22oC23。A24oD25.C26oB27.C28。A29.D30oA31.B32。A33.C34。D35。D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議類的文章。作者將錢包落在了公共汽車上，一個(gè)陌生人Erin撿到了作者的錢包，在寒冷的黑夜親自登門歸還錢包.作者深受感動(dòng),體會(huì)到人們還是愿意互相幫助的?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.accessible可進(jìn)入的；B.hidden隱藏的；C.unknown未知的：Doconvenient方便的。根據(jù)前文的“fearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone?！笨梢酝浦?，作者將錢包落在了公共汽車上，而汽車正在開往某個(gè)作者未知的地方,這使得找回錢包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐懼”。故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A0face-saving保全體面的；B。brain-washing洗腦的；C。eye-CatChIng引人注目的；Dheart-Stoppmg驚心動(dòng)魄的。根據(jù)上一段中的“fearseizedme”可以推知,作者在發(fā)現(xiàn)丟了錢包之后的第一感覺是“害怕”，之后，作者開始在內(nèi)心計(jì)算找回錢包里的那些東西所需要的時(shí)間和錢數(shù)。故該空應(yīng)和fear表達(dá)的意思相近，D選項(xiàng)（heart-stopping）切題。【18題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.parts部分：BoCOntentS所含之物，所容納之物：C.details細(xì)節(jié);D.mgIedlentS材料。該空指下文中提到的"Thecreditcaιds,thedriver'slicense,thecash,”這些都是錢包里裝的東西。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析,A.Ignoied忽視；Boanswe?ed應(yīng)（門）；接（電話）；應(yīng)答；Coexamined考試；Dmteniipted打斷.兩小時(shí)后有人敲門，丈夫去應(yīng)門。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.Iiiissnig不見的，丟失的：B.retunιed被送回的；C。remauu?ig剩下的；D.abandoned被拋棄的。結(jié)合下文的陳述可知，那位女士撿到了作者的錢包,她拾金不昧，將錢包完璧歸趙。由此可以推知，該處指“錢包里的錢一分也沒有丟失”.故A選項(xiàng)切題。[21題詳解】考查副詞辨析?A°Sdil仍然；B.ever曾經(jīng)；Coyet但是；己經(jīng)；Doeven甚至。作者甚至還沒有來得及到門口感謝那位女士，她就離開了。故選D項(xiàng)切題。[22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Aoselected挑選；B.appomted約定的，指定的：C.identified確認(rèn)，認(rèn)出,識(shí)別：D.defined下定義。在網(wǎng)上分享了這個(gè)故事之后，作者收到了某個(gè)人的來信，這個(gè)人確認(rèn)了那位女士是ErinSmitho故C選項(xiàng)切題。[23題詳解】考查名詞辨析。AodeIay耽擱：B0ahum鬧鐘;C.regιet遺憾；DoInVitatIon邀請(qǐng)。找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者當(dāng)然要“馬上，亳不耽擱地”打電話去感謝對(duì)方。故A選項(xiàng)切題.【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Aomoved移動(dòng)；BoPlaCed放置;C.opened打開：D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)出。作者將錢包落在了公共汽車上，Erin是在一個(gè)座位上發(fā)現(xiàn)了它.該空表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，故D選項(xiàng)切題。[25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析?A.disagreed不同意；B.Complamed抱怨；C.calculated計(jì)算，估計(jì)；Doreconmιended推薦。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“abitterlycoldnight”可知,這件事發(fā)生在一個(gè)寒冷的晚上.同時(shí)，Erin又不認(rèn)識(shí)作者.由此推知，該句應(yīng)指：Erin估計(jì)去一個(gè)陌生人的家是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的舉動(dòng).C選項(xiàng)切題?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A。SelfIeSS無私的；不考慮自己的;B。nsky危險(xiǎn)的；冒險(xiǎn)的：CoSIOW慢的；D.personal親自的。根據(jù)下文中的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，該句和ShedeCidedtOtaketheChanCe（她決定冒險(xiǎn)）是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，那么該句應(yīng)指去一個(gè)陌生人家是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的舉動(dòng)。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.site地點(diǎn)；位置；場(chǎng)所；B.direction方向；CoSitUatiOn情況，情形：D。atmospherezI氛；大氣.該句敘述的是EHn當(dāng)時(shí)的想法：“如果我處在那種情況下（指丟了錢包這種情形），我希望有個(gè)人努力地找到我”。該空表示“情況，情形”，故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析?A°CnSlS危機(jī)，危難時(shí)刻；B.danger危險(xiǎn)；C。threat威脅；D。failu?e失敗。作者丟了錢包,對(duì)于作者來說，這是一個(gè)“危難時(shí)刻故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A.gotndof免除，除去，擺脫；B.madeuseof使用，利用：C.hadcontrolof）? 有控制能力；Dtookpossessionof擁有，占有.Erin撿到了作者的錢包，在歸還作者之前，錢包在Erin的手里,Erin暫時(shí)“擁有，占有”作者的錢包。故D選項(xiàng)切題.【30題詳解】考查連詞。AoIf是否：BoWhe?e在哪里C。how如何；D。Whell什么時(shí)候。Erin把作者的駕照?qǐng)D片發(fā)到一個(gè)論壇里，想看看是否有人認(rèn)識(shí)作者。該空表示“是否〃,故A選項(xiàng)切題.【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.Iecalled回憶；B.exchanged交換，互換；Corepeated重更；D。WhISPeled竊竊私語(yǔ)。根據(jù)后面的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，該句和后面一句（她們想幫忙）是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此推知，該句表達(dá)“除了閑聊,作者和那兩位媽媽從來沒有說過話"，即：從未和她們“交換過詞語(yǔ)”。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.encounter遭遇,邂逅：遇到：B.follow跟隨；CoConSUlt請(qǐng)教；商議；D.accompany陪伴。作者曾經(jīng)讀到這樣的說法：人們比以往更加四分五裂，即：人們不像以前那樣團(tuán)結(jié)，不像以前那樣互相幫助了.但是，作者遇到的這些人的行為方式不是那樣的。上文中提到的Erin,twomoms都是作者遇到的人.故A選項(xiàng)切題.【33題詳解】Gomgaway離開；B。Turnmgaround掉頭；C.Lookingback再回首，回顧；D。Corningalong進(jìn)展如何?；仡櫚l(fā)生的這件事，作者感到很幸運(yùn)：有人想幫助一個(gè)陌生人.C選項(xiàng)切題.【34題詳解】考查介詞。AoInto到 里面;進(jìn)入：Boagainst反對(duì)；C.over結(jié)束；D。beyond超過，超越。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中提到的“peoplearemoredivided”可以推知,一般人在撿到別人的錢包后,都不會(huì)像Erin那樣親自歸還失主。因此該句表達(dá)Erin的所作所為遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超越了其他人的行為.該空表示“超過，超越”，故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.Iongmg渴望的；Boenthusiastic熱情的；C.concerned有關(guān)的；關(guān)心的；Dgratefiil感激的。Erin在寒冷的黑夜親自登門歸還作者的錢包,作者對(duì)此非常感激。故D選項(xiàng)切題：第二部分:閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D國(guó)個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng).AHistoryFairCompetitionUnderstandmgIustoiyisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.Historyismuchmorethantlιestudyofdustyoldobjectsaιιdeventslongpast。Itisanessentialpartofwhowea?etodayandwhowewillbecomeoThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoiyFailCompetitionmakesUndeistandmgIiistoiyexciting,engaging,andftιn!ThisYear,sThemeAllpaιticιpantsmustaddresshowcommunicationortιaιιspoιtatιonteclιnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericanst?ιoughouthistory。Tomanypeople,teclmologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,01vehiclesthattιaveltodistantplanetsoHowever,teclmologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessWaySoIndividualsorgroupsnιayenteroneofthefollowingcategories：-Peifbimaiice-Documentaiy(紀(jì)實(shí)作品)-EssayWritingCategoryRequirementsPerformance：Adramaticpresentationofthetopicnomorethan10nιnιutesIongoIfspecialclothesaιeused,tlιeyshouldtmlyIepiesentagivenperiodoDocumentary：Avisualpresentation(suchasavideo,slideshow,orcomputerproject)nomorethan10IiiuiutesIongoAdesktopcomputer,screen,projector^aιιdloudspeakerswillbeavailable.Studentsmustprovidetliei?-presentationsonCDsbeforeFriday,March23.Essay?Mntmg:Anacademicpaperof2,OOOto2,500wordsoNoillustrations([?∣??)aιeallowed?Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded。ImportantDatesJanuaiy5SubmitatopicproposaltoyourIiistoiyteacheroTheteachermayrequiιeasecondproposaliftlιefiιstisoff-topicoruncleaioFebmary5Submitafustdraftofyouιessay,peiibrnianceSCnPt（劇本），ordocumentaιyhighlights.Febmary19AcommitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveOPImOnSoStudentsthenhaveanoppoιtυnιtytounprovetheirproductsoMaich9 SubmitafinaldraftofyouressavoMaich15PerformanceanddocumentaιyConuiiitteepreviewMaich24ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFailCompetition7：OOA.Mo-9：OOA.MParticipantssig?imgillatthegym10：OOAoMo—6：00PoMoCompetitionandjudges,review7：OOPoM. Awardsceremonyandpicnic36oAccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthemajorgoalofUiideistandmgIiistoiy?AoTopreseπ?enationaltraditions0ToprepareforaIiistoryCompetitioiioTobetterknowthepresentandfutureoDoTofu∏herexploreIiistoiicalmysteries.37oWhatisthethemeofthisyear'scompetition?AoTeclinologyadvancesscience。BoScienceinteractswithtechnology。CoSciencehasmadethestudyofIiistoiyeasy.DoTeclinologyhasimprovedthelifeofAmericans38.AmongtheitemsprovidedbytheschoolforavisualpresentationaιeAospecialclothesandascreenadesktopcomputerandaCDCoaprojectorandspecialclothesDoadesktopcomputeraιιdloudspeakers39oWhatwouldapaιticιpaιιthavetodowithanessayof1,500wordstomeetthecategoιyrequuement?A.Includemorenιfbrnιatιonintheessay。BoRemovethereferences.ProvideacoverfortheessavoDoExplainthedetailswithillustrations.WhatwillthecommitteeofteachersdoonFebmaiy19?A.Previewperfbιmaιιcesaιιddocumentaries.BoMakecommentsonthematerials。C.Improvetheparticipant'sfirstdi`aft.DoCollectasecondproposalfromtheparticipanto【答案】36。C37oD38.D39.A40.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了桑頓中學(xué)今年舉辦的歷史展示競(jìng)賽的相關(guān)信息?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Itisanessentialpartofwhoweaιetodayandwhowewillbecome.可知,歷史告訴了今天我們是誰(shuí)，將來我們要成為誰(shuí)，它是我們重要的組成部分.所以根據(jù)第一段，了解歷史的主要目的是更好地了解現(xiàn)在和未來。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由ThisYear,sTheme中的Allparticipantsmustaddresshoweonunu?iieationortranspoιtationteclmologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericanstluoughoutIustoiy°n?知，所有的參加者都必須要說明通信或運(yùn)輸技術(shù)如何在整個(gè)歷史過程中提高了美國(guó)人的生活質(zhì)量。所以今年競(jìng)賽的主題是:技術(shù)提高了美國(guó)人的生活。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【38題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由ThisYear,sTheme中第二點(diǎn)DoCUmentary中的Adesktopcomputer,screen,projector,andIoudspeakerswillbeavailableEj^L將提供臺(tái)式電腦、屏幕、投影儀和揚(yáng)聲器。所以學(xué)校提供的視覺展示設(shè)備包括臺(tái)式電腦和擴(kuò)音器。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【39題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題采用排除法。由EssayWriting中的Allacademicpaperof2,000to2,500wordsaNoIllustiations（圖解）areallowed.Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbemcludedo可知，要求一份2000至2500字的學(xué)術(shù)論文，不允許有插圖。請(qǐng)不要包括封面。必須包括一份參考文獻(xiàn)列表。所以通過排除法，可以看出B,C,D選項(xiàng)都被排除，故一個(gè)參與者需要在文章中列入更多的信息才能使一篇1500字的論文滿足類別要求。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題0由ImPortalltDates中的Febniary19Acommitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopnuons.Studentstlιenhaveanopportunitytouuprovethekproductso可知，2月19口，教師委員會(huì)將對(duì)材料進(jìn)行評(píng)估并發(fā)表意見。所以在2月19口，教師委員會(huì)將對(duì)材料做出評(píng)論.故B選項(xiàng)正確。BImusthavealwaysknownιeadmgwasVeryimportantbecausethefiιstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooksoTlierewasnotonenightthatIdon'tremembermomreadmgmeaStoiybookbymybedsideoIwasextιemelyi?ispkedbytheelegantwaythewordssoundedoIalwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreadingoHeaiiiigmomSay,“Icaιι,tbelievewhafspii?itedInthenewspaperthismorning,"mademewanttogιβabitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomaιιdknowallofthethingssheknew。SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,IwouldpretendtobereadmgoTliisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.W?wouldstartoffwithsentencesτthenparagraphs,andthenstonesoItseemedanunendmgjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgillIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Wlienmomsaid,“TheC-A-N-D~YishiddenonthetopSheIfjlknewwherethecandywas。Myprogresshi?eadmgraisedmycuriosity,aιιdIwantedtoknoweVeiythiiigoIoftenfoundmyselftellmgmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassedoMostofmyreadingtluoughpiiinaiymiddleandhighschoolwasfactualreadmg。Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeA,sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdιdn,teιyoythistypeofreadmgoIlikedfacts,thmgsthatareconcrete.IthoughtanythingabstιactlefttoomuchloomforargumentoYet,nowthatI'mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,IfindmyselfneedmgawaytoescapeoByopenmganovel.Icanleavebehmdmyburdensandentermtoawondeι?landmysteriousworldwhere?amnowanewcharacteroIntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon,thavetoWritedownwhathappenedorwhatteclunquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotetlιisoIjustleadtorelax.We,retaughttoreadbecauseit,snecessaryformuchofhumanUnderstandmg.Readingisavitalpaιtofmylife.Readmgsatisfiesmydesiιetokeeplearning。AiidI,vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewitlunbooksareImutless.Whydidtheauthorwanttogιβabthenewspaperoutofmonι,shands?AoShewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.Shecouldn5twaittotearthenewspaperapart.DoShecouldn'thelpbutstopmomfiβomreadmg°AccordmgtoParagraph3,theauthor'sreadmgofroadsignsindicates.AoheruniquewaytolocateherselfBohereagernesstodevelopherreadmgabilityC.hereffortto?einindmomtoobeytrafficrulesDohergrowingdesiιetoknowtheworldaroundher43oWhatwastheauthor'sviewonfactualreadmg?A.Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.BoItwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.CoItwouldprovidetineandobjectiveUifbrmationoDoItwouldhelpshapearealisticandseιiousattitudetoIifeooTheauthortakesnovelreadmgasawaytoexploreafantasylanddevelopapassionforlearningIeamabouttheadultconununitygetawayfromaCOnfhSingwoιldWhatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMagicofReadingBoThePleasureofReadingCoGrowingUpwithReadingDoReadmgMakesaFullMan【答案】4LB42.D43oC44。D45.C【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文,作者講述了自己的讀書經(jīng)歷和感悟。【41題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段中IalwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreadingoHearingmomsay,ɑlcan'tbelievewhafsprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,“mademe?vanttogιβabitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself?？芍?，作者總是想知道媽媽在讀什么，所以作者搶過媽媽讀的報(bào)紙，因?yàn)樽髡咦约浩惹邢肟匆豢磮?bào)紙上寫的內(nèi)容，故選B.【42題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Myprogressinreadingιaisedmycuιiosity.and?wantedtoknoweveIything口Ioftenfoundmyselftellmgmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed,n?以推斷出，作者讓媽媽開車開慢一點(diǎn)是為了他能夠讀出所有路標(biāo)，所以作者在閱讀方面的進(jìn)步顯示他對(duì)周圍世界的好奇心，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreadingoIreadforknowledge?andtomakeA'sonmytest.可知，小學(xué)和中學(xué)階段的閱讀都是事實(shí)性閱讀,讀書是為了獲取知識(shí),考試得A.因此事實(shí)性閱讀能夠提供真實(shí)的客觀的信息，故選Co【44題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中Byopeninganovel?IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacteroIntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyoneo（打開一本小說，我可以擺脫我的負(fù)擔(dān)，進(jìn)入一個(gè)奇妙而神秘的世界,我現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)新的角色。在這個(gè)世界上，我可以成為任何人。）可知，閱讀小說可以讓作者避開復(fù)雜的現(xiàn)實(shí)而投入到小說中的世界中去，故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，作者以時(shí)間順序回憶了自己的閱讀經(jīng)歷和感悟,作者伴著閱讀成長(zhǎng)，故選項(xiàng)C為最佳標(biāo)題。CHowdoesanecoSyStem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whya?etheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats。Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatingmfoodWebSoMostfoodwebs,forinstancetconsistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstιongones.WhenaPiedator（掠食動(dòng)物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（獵物），thetwospeciesaιestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvaιiousspecies,theyareweaklylinked。Foodwebsmaybedonimatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethataιτaιιgementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaιιeatseveralspecies,itcansuιvivetheextinction（滅絕）ofoneoftlιenioAiidifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheorigmalpreytorecover.TheweaklinksnιaytlιuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinctionoMathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsnιaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppιedatoιscanleadtobigeffectsTluoughouteπtiιeecosystemsɑInthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasυιprisiιιgamountofcontιoloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies-iιιcludmgspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Aiidunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetnιe.l?itheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,Wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonIiiatlieniaticalmodels□Ideallythesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepuslιinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullaιιecosystembackfiomtlιeborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspassthektippingpomt（臨界點(diǎn)），itisIeniarkablydifficultforthemtoreturnoWhathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?TheIivmghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.TheιυlesgoverningfoodwebsoftlιeecosystemsoTheapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.DoThedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksInfoodwebs.oAstronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator.A.hasawidefoodchoiceBocaneasilyfindnewpreyC.stickstoonepreyspeciesDocanquicklymovetoanotherplace.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?AoThepreyspeciestheydiιectlyattackwilldieontoBoThespeciestheymduectlyattackwillturnintotoppredatorsoCoThelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.49oWhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesi?iParagraph4?AoUncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystemsoRapideconomicdevelopmenttlueatensanimalhabitats.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.DoIiidustiialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.Howdoesa?iearly-waιnmgsystemhelpusnιamtamtheecologicalbalance?AoBygettingillegalpracticesundercontrolByStoppmgusfromkillinglargepredatorsoBybringingtlιebroken~~downecosystemsbacktonormaloBysignalingtlιeurgentneedfortakingpreventiveactionɑ【答案】46。B47.C48.D49.A50.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了借助食物網(wǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些食物網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵原則。科學(xué)家們說一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)越過了它的臨界點(diǎn)，它們很難再回來.科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)建立了一個(gè)基于數(shù)學(xué)模型的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)將會(huì)發(fā)出信號(hào)告訴我們?nèi)祟惢顒?dòng)正將生態(tài)系統(tǒng)推向崩潰，允許我們采取措施將生態(tài)系統(tǒng)從邊緣拉回來?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Withsuchmodels?scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesOPeratinginfoodwebs?？芍?借助食物網(wǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了食物網(wǎng)中的一些關(guān)鍵原則。故選B.【47題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題Q根據(jù)第二段中WhenaPιedatθ［（掠食動(dòng)物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasinglepιey（獵物），thetwospeciesaιestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked。可知，當(dāng)捕食者總是吃大量的單一獵物,這兩個(gè)物種是緊密相連的。故選C?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題Q根據(jù)第二段中Inthe1960sfscientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.可知，處于食物網(wǎng)頂端的食肉動(dòng)物對(duì)它們沒有直接攻擊的其他物種的種群數(shù)量有著驚人的控制，由此可推斷出，如果食物鏈頂級(jí)食肉動(dòng)物的數(shù)量大大卜.降，其他物種的種群將經(jīng)歷意想不到的變化。故選Do【49題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段AiidUnplamiedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtlιeideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue。Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledoffIaigepιedatoιssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.∏J^Π,無計(jì)劃的人類活動(dòng)證明了由頂級(jí)掠食者自上而下控制的想法是正確的.在海洋中，我們大規(guī)模捕撈鰭魚等頂級(jí)捕食者，而在陸地上，我們殺死狼等大型捕食者。這些行為極大地影響了生態(tài)平衡。由此可推斷出，不受控制的人類活動(dòng)會(huì)極大地破壞了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warmingsystembasedonmathematicalmodelsoIdeallythesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline。可知，早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)通過發(fā)出緊急需要采取預(yù)防行動(dòng)的信號(hào)幫助我們維持生態(tài)平衡.故選D.DWouldyouBETonthefutureoftlιisnιan?Heis53yearsold.MostofIiisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandnιisfbιtυne。AwarInjUryhasmadeIuslefthandstopfiinctioiung,andhehasoftenbeenInprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook0Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350yearsoThatformerprisonerwasCeivantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉i可德》）。Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion：whydosomepeoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,wlιileothersgotoseedlongbefore?We,veallknownpeoplewhonmOutOfSteambeforetheyreachlife,shalf?vaymaιkΓmnottalkingabouttlιosewhofailtogettothetop.W?canjtallgetthere.I5mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongιβowingbecausetlιeyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassmgyearsoMostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevaιietyofourlivesoWesucceedInourfieldofspecializationaιιdthenbecomenappedinit。Nothingsurprisesus.WeloseoursenseofwonderoBut,ifwearewillingtolearn,tlιeoppoιtυnιtiesareeverYWIIele.ThethmgswelearninmaturityseldominvolvenιfbrnιatιonaιιdskillsoW?Ieaintobearwiththethmgswecan'tchange.WeIeanitoavoidSelEPity。Welearnthathowevermuchwetιytoplease,somepeoplearenevergomgtoloveus-aιιideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxmg0Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponIeanung.Thenwewillk?iowhowmιpoιtantitistohavemeaninginourlifeoHowever,wecanaclιievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethmglargertlιanourownlittleegos（自我），whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconceptoManyofusequate（視 等同于）"commitment”Withsuch"caring”occupationsasteachmgandmιrsiιιg.ButdoinganyOrdinaiyjobaswellasonecanisi?iitselfanadιιmableConmutmentoPeoplewhoworktowardsuchexcellence-whethertheyaredrivingatruck,oriniiningastore-makethewoιldbetterjustbybeingthekuιdofpeopletheyareoTlιey,velearnedlife,smostvaluablelesson.ThepassagestartswiththestoιyofCeivantestoshowthat。lossoffreedomStmiulatesone,screativityageisnotabaιnertoachievingone,sgoalComiseιyinspiresamantofightagai?isthisfateD.disabilitycannotstopaman,spιuβsuitofsuccess52oWhatdoestheundeιlnιedpartinParagraph3probablymea