兵馬俑英文導(dǎo)游詞篇一：秦始皇兵馬俑英文導(dǎo)游詞

EmperorQinShihuang’sMausoleumandtheTerra-cottaWarriorsandHorsesMuseum

EmperorQinShihuang(259-210B.C.)hadYingashissurnameandZhengashisgivenname.HenametothethroneoftheQinatage13,andtookthehelmofthestateatageof22.By221B.C.,hehadannexedthesixrivalprincipalitiesofQi,Chu,Yan,Han,ZhaoandWei,andestablishedthefirstfeudalempireinChina’shistory.

Intheyear221B.C.,whenheunifiedthewholecountry,YingZhengstyledhimselfemperor.HenamedhimselfShihuangDi,thefirstemperorinthehopethathislatergenerationsbethesecond,thethirdeventheonehundredthandthousandthemperorsinproperordertocarryonthehereditarysystem.Sincethen,thesupremefeudalrulersofChina’sdynastieshadcontinuedtocallthemselvesHuangDi,theemperor.

Afterhehadannexedtheothersixstates,EmperorQinShihuangabolishedtheenfeoffmentsystemandadoptedtheprefectureandcountysystem.Hestandardizedlegal

codes,writtenlanguage,track,currencies,weightsandmeasures.ToprotectagainstharassmentbytheHunaristocrats.EmperorQinShihuangorderedtheGreatWallbebuilt.Allthesemeasuresplayedanactiveroleineliminatingthecauseofthestateofseparationanddivisionandstrengtheningtheunificationofthewholecountryaswellaspromotionthedevelopmentofeconomyandculture.TheyhadagreatanddeepinfluenceuponChina’s2,000yearoldfeudalsociety.

EmperorQinShihuangorderedthebooksofvariousschoolsburnedexceptthoseoftheQindynasty’shistoryandculture,divinationandmedicinesinanattempttopushhisfeudalautocracyintheideologicalfield.Asaresult,China’sancientclassicshadbeendevastatedanddestroy.Moreover,heonceordered460scholarsbeburiedalive.Thoseeventswerelatercalledinhistory“theburningofbooksandtheburyingofConfucianscholars.〞

EmperorQinShihuang，forhisownpleasure,conscribedseveralhundredthousandconvictsandwentin

forlarge-scaleconstructionandhadoversevenhundredpalacesbuiltintheGuanzhongPlain.Thesepalacesstretchedseveralhundredliandhesoughtpleasurefromonepalacetotheother.Oftennobodyknehereherangingtreasuresinsidethetomb,wereenclosedalive.

EmperorQinShihuang’sMausoleumhasnotyetbeenexcavated.Whatlookslikeinsidecouldnolybeknownwhenitisopened.However,thethreepitsoftheterra-cottawarriotexcavatedoutsidetheeastgateoftheouterenclosureofthenecropoliscanmakeoneimaginehowmagnificentandluxuriousthestructureofEmperorQinShihuang’sMausoleumwas.

No.1PitwasstumbleduponinMarch1974whenvillagersofXiyangVillageofYanzhaitownship,LintongCounty,sankawell1.5kmeastofthemausoleum.In1976,No.2and3Pitswerefound20mnorthofNo.1Pitrespectivelyafterthedrillingsurvey.Theterra-cottawarriorsandhorsesarearrayedaccordingtotheQindynastybattleformation,symbolizingthetroopskeeping

vigilbesidethemausoleum.Thisdiscoveryarousedmuchinterestbothathomeandabroad.In1975,amuseum,housingthesiteofNo.1andcoveringanareaof16,300squaremeterswasbuiltwiththepermissionoftheStateCouncil.ThemuseumwasformallyopenedtopubliconOct.1,theNationalDay,1979.

No.1Pitis230meterslongfromeasttowest,62mwidefromnorthtosouthand5mdeep,coveringatotalareaof14,260squaremeters.Itisanearth-and-woodstructureintheshapeofatunnel.Therearefiveslopingentrancesontheeasternandwesternsidesofthepitrespectively.Thepitisdividedintoelevencorridorsbytenearthenpartitionwalls,andthefloorsarepavedwithbricks.Thickrafterswereplacedontothewalls(butnowonecanonlyseetheirremains),whichwerecoveredwithmatsandthenfinesoilandearth.ThebattleformationoftheQindynasty,facingeast.Intheeastendarearrayedthreelinesofterra-cottawarriors,70piecesineach,totaling210pieces.Theyaresupposedtobethevanoftheformation.Immediatelybehindthemare38columnsofinfantrymen

alternatingwithwarchariotsinthecorridors,eachbeing180mlong.Theyareprobablythemainbodyoftheformation.Thereisonelineofwarriorsintheleft,rightandwestendsrespectively,facingoutwards.Theyareprobablytheflanksandtherear.Therearealtogether27trialtrench,itisassumedthatmorethan6,000claywarriorsandhorsescouldbeunearthedfromNo.1Pit.

No.2PitsisabouthalfthesizeofNo.1Pit,coveringabout6,000squaremetersTraildiggingsshowthisisapositeformationofinfantry,cavalryandchariotsoldiers,fromwhichroughlyover1,000claywarriors,and500chariotsandsaddledhorsescouldbeunearthed.The2,000-year-oldwoodenchariotsarealreadyrotten.Buttheirshafts,crossyokes,andwheels,etc.leftclearimpressionsontheearthbed.Thecopperpartsofthechariotsstillremain.Eachchariotispulledbyfourhorseswhichareoneandhalfmetershighandtwometreslong.Accordingtotextualresearch,theseclayhorsesweresculpturesafterthebreedintheareaofHexiCorridor.Thehorsesforthecavalrymenwerealreadysaddled,butwithnostirups.

篇二：兵馬俑英文導(dǎo)游詞

TheEmperorQin'sTerra-cottaWarriors

TheEmperorQin'sTerra-cottaWarriors,whichwasopenedtotheworldfromOctober,1thin1979,hadmadegreatachievementforbothChineseandthepeopleallovertheworldthroughhardimprovementallalongtheseyears,beingaworld-famouslarge-scalerelics.Andnow,itiscalled“theeighthwonderoftheworld〞and“oneofthegreatestdiscoveryinthearcheologicalhistoryduring20century.

InDecemberof1987,theUNESCO(TheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization)haseolledmausoleumofthefirstemperorofQin,includingTerra-cottaWarriorsinthelistoftheWorldCulturalHeritage.ItisnotonlytheprecioustreasureofChinesepeople,butalsothatoftheentirehuman.Withbloodandhardships,Chineseancientpeoplecreatedthisamazingmarvel.

So,wearewonderinghowthisgreatmarvelbediscoveredWell,in1974,adistrictofXi’an,LinTongwassufferingseveredrought.AvillagercalledYangZhifa,alongwiththreeothervillagerswenttodigawellfortheirproductionteam.Hewascuttingtheearthandabighoehemadewasobstacledbysomethingveryhard,thenhecontinuedtodigonandon.Finally,theydugoutaseeminglyhuman-likefigurine.Thethreeothervillagersranawayimmediatelybecauseatthattime,itwassaidthatdigginga“head〞wasanominousthing.Whentheyfoundthat,theyalwaysburiedwhat’sfoundandkeptitasecret.ButforYangZhifait’ssomethingdifferent.HeinstalledthosediscoveriesintohisJiaziche(akindoffarmingtool)andtookthemtotheleaderoftheirCulturalcenterofthecounty.Theleaderoftheculturalcenterjudgeditmustbeaculturalrelicbefore2000years.HewassohappythathegaveYangZhifa30yuanforgreatthanks,whichwashiswholesalarythen.AndforYang,itwasalsoatreasure.InJulyofthatyear,Shaanxigovernmentorganizedarcheologicalteamtoinvestigateandcleanthatarea,whichwaslaterdiscoveredmoreandmore.Atlast，inOctober1thin1979,theEmperorQin'sTerra-cottaWarriorswasofficiallyopenedtotheworld.

Now,letusbeclosertothisworldmarvel.

After20yearsofcarefuldiscoverythreeundergroundvaultsofficiallyopenedto

thepublicin1979,1989,and1994respectively,theQinmuseumdisplayedthousandsofTerra-CottaWarriors,horsesandchariots,allarrangedinmilitaryarray.

Firstly,letusseetheVault1,builtwithearthandtimber,with210meterslong,60meterswideand4.6to6.5metershigh.Inthisareaof12,600squaremeters,sixthousandlife-sizedwarriorsandhorsesofterra-cottawerefoundinalarge-scalemilitaryarray.Allofthosesoldierswereinunifieduniformwithheightof1.8meters.Theywearhelmetsandarmorandcarryrealbowsandarrows,swords,lances,gunsandcrossbowsintheirhands.Eachchariot,madeofwood,isdrawnbyateamoffourhorses,1.5metersinheight.Threerowsofwalkingsoldiersmakeupthepioneerofthearray,andthesearefollowedbythemainpartofthearmy,38rowsoftroops.Therearealsoflankcolumnsandrearguards.Atthethirdtimeoftheirdiscovery,archaeologistfoundthatwhentheybuiltthosetroops,ourancientpeoplehadusedthetechniqueofcolorfuldecoration,mainlywithgrey,redandwhite.Andalsointhistime,theyhadnewdiscoveryinthetypesofTerra-CottaWarriors.

Now,whatwearelookingatistheVault2.ItisapproximatelyahalfofvaultIinsize,holdingnearlyathousandpotterywarriors.paredwithVault1,thesewarriorsareofalargervarietyandarrangedinamoreplexbattlearray.UnlikeVault1,thewarchariotsandwalkingsoldiersarearrangedseparatelyinfoursquareformationswhicharelinkedtooneanotherinapolygon.Again,however,thewarriorscarryrealweapons,whichisalsoasurprisingpointforustoseeit.Theprojectingpartofthepolygonconsistsofarchers,eitherstandingorkneeling,withcrossbowsorhandbowsandquiversandsoappearstobethepioneerofthesquarearray.Thearchersarefollowedbyaunitofcavalrymentotheleftandoneofchariotstotheright,formingthetwowingsofthephalanx.Walkingsoldiersandwarchariotsbringuptherear.Eachchariotwasdrawnbyfourhorseshas1ldriverandtwoassistants,oneoneitherside.Thecharioteersarearmoredandcarryspears,swordsandcrossbows,indicatingthattheycouldengageinlong-rangebattles,

short-rangefightingandhand-to-handbat.Allthecavalrymencarrycrossbows,asignthatshootingonhorsebackwasamonpracticeinthearmyatthattime,Andonemorething,fromamongthechariotsarobustandunusuallytallfigureat

1.95metershasbeenunearthed.Hisarmorisinterlinkedandoverlappedwithfinermetalpiecesthanthatofthemonsoldiers,andheisbelievedtobeahigh-rankingmanderofthe1egion.

So,audience,noeetotheVault3,whichisamodestbuildingmoreresemblingagallery.Ithas69potterywarriorswithdefensiveweaponsandawoodenchariotpulledbyfourmagnificenthorses.Thestructureofthegalleryandtheline-upofthesoldierssuggestthatthiswaslikelytheheadquartersofthetroopsofVault1and2.However,themanderismissing.Manyarchaeologistsbelievethatsincetheundergroundarmyrepresentstheemperor'sgarrisonunderhisdirectmand,nomarshalwasnecessary.

Altogethertenthousandpiecesofactualweapoyhavebeenunearthedfromthethreevaults,includingarrow-heads,swords,spearsandhalberds.Twolong-handledswordsdugoutrecentlyarestillsharpandgleamingdespitetheirburialformorethantwothousandyears.Somebronzearrow-headsfromVault2are41cminlengthand100gramsinweight.TheyarethebiggestbronzeweaponsexcavatedinChina.ImportanttothestudyofQintechnologywasthediscoveryofbronzearrow-headsandswordstreatedwithapreservativethathaspreventederosionfor22centuries.Chemicalanalysisrevealedtheswordtohavebeencastofanalloyofcopper,tinandvariousotherelements,includingnickel,magnesium,andcobalt.Thearrow-headswhichcontain7.71percentleadareconsideredbyarchaeologiststobetheworld'smostpoisonous.

Expertsexpectfuturediscoveriestounearthevenmoreamazingarttreasures.ButtheywarnthatitmayrequiretheeffortsofoneortwogenerationstorecovertheentiretombplexofEmperorQinShiHuang.

Thethreevaultsarewellpreservedinthreemodernconstructions,eachwithanarcheddomeandacorridoralongthesideofthevaultsothatvisitorsmayoverlooktherestoredfiguresofwarriors,horsesandchariotsintheiroriginalformations.Vault2isequippedwithdevicesforregulatingtemperature,lightingandairhumidity.

Afterwevisitedthesesoldiers,let’stalkaboutthesignificantmeaningoftheTerra-CottaWarriors.Firstofall,itshowsanimportantpointinthedevelopmentoftheancientweaponsandwhathavemilitaryinthatperiodhadcameto.Itisveryusefulforthehistoriansandarchaeologiststodoresearchonthosesubjects.Secondly,asweknow,thewarriorsundergrounduserealweaponsandwhatweretheseweaponsmadeofOftenpeopleask“whydidQinShiHuangmadesomanymuddysoldierstobeburiedwithhimafterdeath〞Somepeoplesaythatwhenhewasalive,heconquerthesixnationsandmadethemintegrated,spendingmostofhislife.Thatwasangreatachievementasanemperor.That’sundisputed.So,inordertoshowandmemorizehisearlyachievement,hethoughtitanecessitytohavesoldiersashisfuneralobjects.

TherearestillotherpeoplewhoholdtheopinionthattheTerra-CottaWarriorsisasymbolofQinShiHuang’soverwhelmingruleandthefamouscentralizedpower.Itshowshowgreathismilitarypowerwasandhisbigambition.HebuilttheTerra-CottaWarriorsinordertodefendtheattackofothersmallcountryandkeepthecountryunified.AnothergroupofpeoplethinkthatQinShiHuangbuiltthisbecauseheknewhehadkilledtoomanylivesduringhisruleandthatisabigcriminal,sohewantedto

havesomekindofprotectionafterhedied.Thereforewehavetoday’sTerra-CottaWarriorsasaworld-famoussite.Andsomepeoplethinkthisopinionridiculous.Alsosomebelievethatitisatypeofancestorworshipinancienttimes.

Somebelieveitisjustthefuneralobjects.

WhatistherealgoalofhisbuildingtheTerra-CottaWarriors篇三：兵馬俑英文導(dǎo)游詞

ThemuseumofTerracottaWarriorsandHorses

Ladiesandgentlemen,goodmorning,sonicetoseeyouagain.Today,wearegoingtovisittheMuseumofTerracottaWarriorsandHorses.ThismuseumislocatedatthefootofmountainLiShan,about35kilometerseastofXi’an.Ontheway,Iwillgiveyouabriefintroductionaboutthemasterofthisundergroundarmy---theFirstQinEmperor.HisnamewasYingzheng.Hecametothethroneattheageof13in246BCandseizedthepowerattheageof22in237BC.By221BC,whenhewasonly39yearsold,hehadannexedallthesixindependentstatesandestablishedthefirstcentralizedautocraticfeudalempireinthelonghistoryofChina.//秦始皇簡(jiǎn)介

Aftertheunificationofthewholecountry,hestyledhimselftheFirstEmperorandstandardizedthecoinage,weightsandmeasures,thelegalcodes,thewrittenscriptsandsoon.HealsoorderedthelinkageoftheoriginalGreatWall.AlltheseexertedaneverlastinginfluenceonthelongfeudalhistoryofChina.//功績(jī)簡(jiǎn)介

But,justlikeeachcoinhastwosides,theFirstQinEmperorthoughthiscontributionswerebeyondpare,sohebecamemoreandmorearrogantandambitious.Assoonashecametothethrone,heorderedthatamagnificentmausoleumshouldbebuiltforhim.Andaftertheunificationofthewholecountry,heevengathered700,000conscriptsfromallpartsofthecountrytoworkonhismausoleum.Infact,ittook37yearstopletethisproject.Andthesiteofthoseterracottawarriorsandhorses,wearegoingtovisit,isjustasmallpartofhismausoleum.

Ok,everyone,noearestandingatthefrontgateoftheEighthWonderoftheworld---theMuseumofTerracottaWarriorsandHorses.Therearethreepitsofwarriorsandhorsesandtwobronzechariotshavebeenfound.ThefirstonewasdiscoveredinMarch1974whenseveralfarmersweresinkingawell.Andin1976,another2pitswerealsouncovered.Theycoveratotalareaof20,780squaremeters.AndthebronzechariotswerefoundinDecember1980.Inordertoprotectthisterracottaarmy,theChinesegovernmentbuiltamuseumin1975,anditwasofficiallyopentothepubliconOctober1,1979.AsoneofthetoptenplacesofhistoricalinterestinChina,itwasalsolistedasaworldheritagesite.//兵馬俑及銅車馬的出土

Sonext,let’sgotouncovertheveilofthemonebyone.

Ladiesandgentlemen,noearestandingatthefrontofpit1.Itisabout230meterslong,62meterswideand5metersdeep.Itcoversanareaof14,260squaremeters,anditisanearth-andwoodstructureintheshapeofatunnel.Wewillalsofindthatthewholepitisdividedinto11corridorsby10earth-rammedpartitionwalls,andthefloorwaspavedwithbrick.//一號(hào)坑簡(jiǎn)介

Theterracottaarmiesinpit1werearrangedinbattleformation.Inthefrontofthisformation,thereare210warriorsin3linesfacingforward.Armedwithbowsandarrows,theyconstitutetheso-calledvanguard.Andthefirstoneontherightside,isthecaptainofthisvanguard.Thereisonerowofwarriorsoneachofthebordersofthispit,facingoutward---theyaretheflanksandtherearguard.Holdinglong-distanceshootingweapons,theytookupthejobofdefendingthewholearmy.So,next,thiswayplease.Wemayfindtenpartitionwallswhichdividedthispitinto11corridors.Thereare28columnsofwarriorsstandinginsidethemwithhorse-drawnchariotsinthecenter.Theyrepresenttheprincipalmilitaryforceofthisbattleformation.

Accordingtothedensity,thereareover6000terracottawarriorsandhorses,andmostofthemareinfantrymen.Withallofthese,nowonderthefirstQinEmperorcouldannexallthesixindependentstatesandunifyChina!//一號(hào)坑軍陣特點(diǎn)

Ok,let’smoveon.HerenoearrivedatPit2.Pit2coversanareaofabout6000squaremeters.Wecanseethatpit2isalsoundercover,itisbecausewewanttopreservethem.Youknow,thewarriorsoriginallywerepaintedincolor,buttoday’stechnologyisnotadvancedenoughtopreserveitverywellafterexcavation.Andpit2istheonethatpreservethebest.Accordingtoresearch,pit2consistsof4differentmixedmilitaryforcesinfourarrays.Therear