項目管理術(shù)語英漢對照表央文術(shù)語漢語翻譯Accept驗收Acceptance驗收AcceptanceCriteria驗收標準AcquireProjectTeam[Process]獲取項目團隊ActivityAttributes[Output/Input]活動屬性ActivityCode活動編碼ActivityDefinition[Process]活動定義ActivityDescription〔AD〕活動描述ActivityDuration活動歷時ActivityDurationEstimating[Process]活動歷時估算ActivityIdentifier活動標識符ActivityList[Output/Input]活動列表Activity-on-Arrow〔AOA〕AOA、雙代號法Activity-on-Node〔AON〕AON、單代號法ActivityResourceEstimating[Process]活動資源估算ActivitySequencing[Process]活動排序ActualCost〔AC〕實際成本ActualCostofWorkPerformed〔ACWP〕已執(zhí)行工作的實際成本ActualDuration實際歷時ActualFinishDate〔AF〕實際完成日期ActualStartDate〔AS〕實際開始日期AnalogousEstimating[Technique]類比估算ApplicationArea應用領(lǐng)域ApportionedEffort〔AE〕分配的工作量Approval批準Approve批準ApprovedChangeRequest已批準的變更請求Arrow箭線ArrowDiagrammingMethod〔ADM〕箭線圖As-ofDate截止日期Assumptions[Output/Input]假設(shè)AssumptionsAnalysis[Technique]假設(shè)分析Authority職權(quán)BackwardPass逆向推算BarChart[Tool]條形圖〔甘特圖〕Baseline基線BaselineFinishDate基線完成日期BaselineStartDate基線開始日期BillofMaterials〔BOM〕材料單Bottom-upEstimating[Technique]自底向上估算Brainstorming[Technique]頭腦風暴Budget預算BudgetatCompletion〔BAC〕完工預算BudgetedCostofWorkPerformed〔BCWP〕已執(zhí)行工作的預算成本BudgetedCostofWorkScheduled〔BCWS〕計劃工作的預算成本Buffer緩沖Buyer買方CalendarUnit日歷單位ChangeControl變更控制ChangeControlBoard〔CCB〕變更控制委員會ChangeControlSystem[Tool]變更控制系統(tǒng)ChangeRequest變更請求ChartofAccounts[Tool]賬目圖表Charter章程〔憲章〕Checklist[Output/Input]檢杳單Claim索償、索賠CloseProject[Process]結(jié)項〔結(jié)束項目〕ClosingProcesses[ProcessGroup]結(jié)束〔收尾〕過程CodeofAccounts[Tool]賬目編碼Co-location[Technique]同地辦公CommonCause共同原因CommunicationManagementPlan[Output/Input]溝通管理計劃CommunicationsPlanning[Process]溝通規(guī)劃Compensation補償Component部〔組〕件ConfigurationManagementSystem[Tool]配置管理系統(tǒng)Constraint[Input]約束〔條件〕Contingency意外、應急情況ContingencyAllowance應急余量ContingencyReserve[Output/Input]應急儲備Contract[Output/Input]合同ContractAdministration[Process]合同管理ContractClosure[Process]合同終止/收尾Contract Management Plan[Output/Input]合同管理計劃ContractStatementofWork〔SOW〕[Output/Input]合同工作說明書ContractWorkBreakdownStructure合同工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)〔CWBS〕[Output/Input]Control[Technique]控制ControlAccount〔CA〕[Tool]控制帳目ControlAccountPlan〔CAP〕[Tool]控制賬目計劃ControlChart[Tool]控制圖ControlLimits控制范圍Controlling控制CorrectiveAction糾正措施Cost成本CostBaseline成本基線CostBudgeting[Process]成本預算CostControl[Process]成本控制CostEstimating[Process]成本估算CostManagementPlan[Output/Input]成本管理計劃CostofQuality〔COQ〕[Technique]質(zhì)量成本CostPerformanceIndex〔CPI〕成本績效系數(shù)Cost-Plus-Fee〔CPF〕成本加附加費Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee 〔CPFF〕Contract成本加固定附加費合同Cost-Plus-Incentive-Fee〔CPIF〕Contract成本加獎勵合冋Cost-Plus-PercentageofCost〔CPPC〕成本加成本比率合同Cost-ReimbursableContract成本歸還合同CostVariance〔CV〕成本偏差Crashing[Technique]壓縮、趕工CreateWBS〔WorkBreakdownStructure〕[Process]創(chuàng)建工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)Criteria準則/標準CriticalActivity關(guān)鍵活動CriticalChainMethod[Technique]關(guān)鍵鏈法CriticalPath[Output/Input]關(guān)鍵路徑CriticalPathMethod〔CPM〕[Technique]關(guān)鍵路徑法CurrentFinishDate當前結(jié)束日期CurrentStartDate當前開始日期Customer顧客、客戶DataDate〔DD〕數(shù)據(jù)時期Date時期、日期DecisionTreeAnalysis[Technique]決策樹分析Decompose分解Decomposition[Technique]分解Defect缺陷DefectRepair缺陷修復Deliverable[Output/Input]可父付物DelphiTechnique[Technique]德爾菲技術(shù)Dependency依賴關(guān)系DesignReview[Technique]設(shè)計評審DevelopProjectCharter[Process]制定項目章程DevelopProjectManagementPlan[Process]制定項目管理計劃DevelopProjectScopeStatement〔Preliminary〕[Process]制定項目范圍說明書〔初步〕DevelopProjectTeam[Process]項目團隊建設(shè)DirectandManageProjectExecution[Process]指導和管理項目執(zhí)行Discipline學科、專業(yè)DiscreteEffort離散工作量Document文檔DocumentedProcedure總結(jié)并記錄下來的流程DummyActivity虛活動Duration〔DUorDUR〕歷時EarlyFinishDate〔EF〕最早結(jié)束時間EarlyStartDate〔ES〕最早開始時間EarnedValue〔EV〕掙值EarnedValueManagement〔EVM〕掙值管理EarnedValueTechnique〔EVT〕[Technique]掙值技術(shù)Effort工作量Enterprise企業(yè)EnterpriseEnvironmentalFactors[Output/Input]企業(yè)環(huán)境因素/事業(yè)環(huán)境因素Estimate[Output/Input]估算EstimateatCompletion〔EAC〕[Output/Input]完工估算EstimatetoComplete〔ETC〕[Output/Input]完工尚需估算Event事件ExceptionReport異常報告Execute執(zhí)行Executing執(zhí)行ExecutingProcesses[ProcessGroup]執(zhí)行過程Execution執(zhí)行ExpectedMonetaryValue〔EMV〕期望貨幣值分析AnalysisExpertJudgment[Technique]專家判斷FailureModeandEffectAnalysis〔FMEA〕 [Technique]失效模式和影響分析FastTracking[Technique]快速跟進FinishDate結(jié)束日期Finish-to-Finish〔FF〕結(jié)束-結(jié)束Finish-to-Start〔FS〕結(jié)束-開始Firm-Fixed-Price〔FFP〕Contract固定總價合同F(xiàn)ixed-Price-Incentive-Fee〔FPIF〕Contract固定價格加獎勵合同F(xiàn)ixed-PriceorLump-SumContract固定價格或總額合同F(xiàn)loat浮動時間Flowcharting[Technique]流程圖Forecasts預測、預想ForwardPass正向推算、正推法FreeFloat 〔FF〕自由浮動時間FunctionalManager職能經(jīng)理FunctionalOrganization職能型組織Funds資金GanttChart甘特圖Goods貨物、物品、商品Grade等級GroundRules[Tool]基本規(guī)則、條例HammockActivity集合活動HistoricalInformation歷史信息HumanResourcePlanning[Process]人力資源規(guī)劃ImposedDate強制日期InfluenceDiagram[Tool]影響圖Influencer有影響力的人InformationDistribution[Process]信息發(fā)布InitiatingProcesses[ProcessGroup]啟動過程、開始過程Initiator發(fā)起人Input[ProcessInput]輸入Inspection[Technique]審查Integral整體〔構(gòu)成整體所必須的〕Integrated整體的IntegratedChangeControl[Process]整體變更控制InvitationforBid〔IFB〕邀標書Issue問題、爭端Knowledge知識KnowledgeAreaProcess知識域過程KnowledgeArea， ProjectManagement知識域、項目管理Lag[Technique]滯后LateFinishDate〔LF〕最遲結(jié)束時間LateStartDate〔LS〕最遲開始時間LatestRevisedEstimate最新修訂的估算Lead[Technique]超前LessonsLearned[Output/Input]經(jīng)驗教訓LessonsLearnedKnowledgeBase經(jīng)驗知識庫LevelofEffort〔LOE〕投入水平Leveling平衡LifeCycle生命周期Log日志Logic邏輯LogicDiagram邏輯圖LogicalRelationship邏輯關(guān)系ManageProjectTeam[Process]管理項目團隊ManageStakeholders[Process]管理項目干系人MasterSchedule[Tool]主進度表Materiel物資MatrixOrganization矩陣型組織Methodology方法論Milestone里程碑MilestoneSchedule[Tool]里程碑進度Monitor監(jiān)督MonitorandControlProjectWork[Process]監(jiān)督和控制項目工作Monitoring監(jiān)督MonitoringandControllingProcesses[ProcessGroup]監(jiān)督和控制過程MonteCarloAnalysis豕特卡洛分析Near-CriticalActivity近關(guān)鍵路徑/次關(guān)鍵路徑Network網(wǎng)絡NetworkAnalysis網(wǎng)絡分析NetworkLogic網(wǎng)絡邏輯NetworkLoop網(wǎng)絡循環(huán)NetworkOpenEnd網(wǎng)絡開放端NetworkPath網(wǎng)絡路徑Networking[Technique]人際網(wǎng)Node節(jié)點Objective目標、目的Operations〔日?！尺\營Opportunity時機Organization組織OrganizationChart[Tool]組織圖OrganizationalBreakdownStructure〔OBS〕[Tool]組織分解結(jié)構(gòu)Organizational Process Assets[Output/Input]組織過程財富/組織過程資產(chǎn)OriginalDuration〔OD〕初始歷時Output[ProcessOutput]輸出ParametricEstimating[Technique]參數(shù)式估算ParetoChart[Tool]帕累托圖PathConvergence路徑會聚PathDivergence路徑發(fā)散PercentComplete〔PCorPCT〕完成百分率PerformQualityAssurance〔QA〕[Process]執(zhí)行質(zhì)量保證PerformQualityControl〔QC〕[Process]執(zhí)行質(zhì)量控制PerformanceMeasurementBaseline績效測量基線PerformanceReporting[Process]績效報告PerformanceReports[Output/Input]績效報告PerformingOrganization執(zhí)行組織Phase階段PlanContracting[Process]計劃簽約PlanPurchasesandAcquisitions[Process]計劃購買和獲取PlannedFinishDate〔PF〕計劃結(jié)束時間PlannedStartDate〔PS〕計劃開始時間PlannedValue〔PV〕計劃值PlanningPackage計劃包PlanningProcesses[ProcessGroup]計劃過程Portfolio投資組合PortfolioManagement[Technique]投資組合管理/項目組合管理PositionDescription[Tool]職〔崗〕位描述Practice慣例PrecedenceDiagrammingMethod〔PDM〕[Technique]前導圖法PrecedenceRelationship前導關(guān)系PredecessorActivity前置活動PreventiveAction預防措施ProbabilityandImpactMatrix[Tool]概率和影響矩陣Procedure流程Process過程ProcessGroup過程組Procurement Documents[Output/Input]采購文檔Procurement Management Plan[Output/Input]采購管理計劃Product產(chǎn)品ProductLifeCycle產(chǎn)品生命周期ProductScope產(chǎn)品范圍ProductScopeDescription產(chǎn)品范圍描述Program大型項目ProgramManagement大型項目管理ProgramManagementOffice〔PMO〕大型項目管理辦公室ProgressiveElaboration[Technique]漸進明細Project項目ProjectCalendar項目日歷ProjectCharter[Output/Input]項目章程ProjectCommunicationsManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目溝通管理ProjectCostManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目成本管理ProjectHumanResourceManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目人力資源管理ProjectInitiation項目啟動Project Integration Management[KnowledgeArea]項目整體管理ProjectLifeCycle項目生命周期ProjectManagement〔PM〕項目管理ProjectManagementBodyofKnowledge〔PMBOK?〕項目管理知識體系ProjectManagementInformationSystem〔PMIS〕[Tool]項目管理信息系統(tǒng)ProjectManagementKnowledgeArea項目管理知識域ProjectManagementOffice〔PMO〕項目管理辦公室Project Management Plan[Output/Input]項目管理計劃ProjectManagementProcess項目管理過程ProjectManagementProcessGroup項目管理過程組ProjectManagementProfessional項目管理專業(yè)人員〔PMP?〕ProjectManagementSoftware[Tool]項目管理軟件ProjectManagementSystem[Tool]項目管理系統(tǒng)ProjectManagementTeam項目管理團隊ProjectManager〔PM〕項目經(jīng)理Project Organization Chart[Output/Input]項目組織章程ProjectPhase項目階段ProjectProcessGroups項目過程組ProjectProcurementManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目采購管理Project Quality Management[KnowledgeArea]項目質(zhì)量管理ProjectRiskManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目風險管理ProjectSchedule[Output/Input]項目進度ProjectScheduleNetworkDiagram[Output/Input]項目進度網(wǎng)絡圖ProjectScope項目范圍Project Scope Management[KnowledgeArea]項目范圍管理ProjectScopeManagementPlan[Output/Input]項目范圍管理計劃Project Scope Statement[Output/Input]項目范圍說明書ProjectSponsor項目出資人ProjectStakeholder項目干系人ProjectSummaryWorkBreakdownStructure〔PSWBS〕[Tool]項目概要工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)ProjectTeam項目團隊ProjectTeamDirectory項目團隊名錄ProjectTeamMembers項目團隊成員ProjectTimeManagement[KnowledgeArea]項目時間管理ProjectWork項目工作ProjectizedOrganization項目型組織QualitativeRiskAnalysis[Process]定性風險分析Quality質(zhì)量Quality Management Plan[Output/Input]質(zhì)量管理計劃QualityPlanning[Process]質(zhì)量規(guī)劃QuantitativeRiskAnalysis[Process]定量風險分析Regulation規(guī)章Reliability可靠性RemainingDuration〔RD〕剩余歷時RequestforInformation征集資料/信息RequestforProposal〔RFP〕方案征集書RequestforQuotation〔RFQ〕報價請求RequestSellerResponses[Process]請求賣方回應RequestedChange[Output/Input]已申請的變更Requirement需求Reserve預留ReserveAnalysis[Technique]預留分析ResidualRisk殘余風險Resource資源Resource Breakdown Structure〔RBS〕資源分解結(jié)構(gòu)ResourceCalendar資源日歷Resource-ConstrainedSchedule受限于資源的進度ResourceHistogram資源圖ResourceLeveling[Technique]資源平衡Resource-LimitedSchedule資源受限的進度ResourcePlanning資源計劃ResponsibilityAssignmentMatrix〔RAM〕[Tool]職責分配矩陣Result成果、結(jié)果Retainage保證金Rework返工Risk風險RiskAcceptance[Technique]風險接受RiskAvoidance[Technique]風險躲避RiskBreakdownStructure〔RBS〕[Tool]風險分解結(jié)構(gòu)RiskCategory風險類別RiskDatabase風險數(shù)據(jù)庫RiskIdentification[Process]風險識別RiskManagementPlan[Output/Input]風險管理計劃RiskManagementPlanning[Process]風險管理規(guī)劃RiskMitigation[Technique]風險緩解RiskMonitoringandControl[Process]風險監(jiān)督和控制RiskRegister[Output/Input]風險登記表RiskResponsePlanning[Process]風險響應規(guī)劃RiskTransference[Technique]風險轉(zhuǎn)移Role角色RollingWavePlanning[Technique]滾動式計劃RootCauseAnalysis[Technique]根本原因分析Schedule進度、進度表ScheduleActivity進度活動ScheduleAnalysis進度分析ScheduleCompression[Technique]進度壓縮ScheduleControl[Process]進度控制ScheduleDevelopment[Process]進度制定Schedule Management Plan[Output/Input]進度管理計劃ScheduleMilestone進度里程碑ScheduleModel[Tool]進度模型Schedule Network Analysis[Technique]進度網(wǎng)絡分析SchedulePerformanceIndex〔SPI〕進度績效指數(shù)ScheduleVariance〔SV〕進度偏差ScheduledFinishDate〔SF〕計劃結(jié)束時間ScheduledStartDate〔SS〕計劃開始時間Scope范圍ScopeBaseline范圍基線ScopeChange范圍變更ScopeControl[Process]范圍控制ScopeCreep范圍蔓延ScopeDefinition[Process]范圍定義ScopePlanning[Process]范圍規(guī)劃ScopeVerification[Process]范圍驗證S-CurveS曲線SecondaryRisk二次風險SelectSellers[Process]賣方〔供方〕選擇Seller賣方、供方SensitivityAnalysis敏感度〔靈敏度〕分析Service服務Should-CostEstimate理想成本估算Simulation模擬Skill技能Slack松弛量SpecialCause特定原因Specification規(guī)格說明書SpecificationLimits規(guī)格限定Sponsor出資人、出資方StaffingManagementPlan[Process]人員配置管理計劃Stakeholder項目干系人Standard標準StartDate開始時間Start-to-Finish〔SF〕開始-結(jié)束Start-to-Start〔