第1頁

Almostallconflictsinvolvecommunicationproblems,asbothacauseandaneffect.Misunderstandings,resultingfrompoorcommunication,caneasilycauseaconflictormakeitworse.Therefore,communicationskillsarecentraltomanysituations.第2頁Warming-upActivities

第3頁Trytocollectsayings,storiesorjokesrelatedto“communicationproblems”,thensharethemwitheachotherorreporttheminfrontoftheclass.

ProverbsandSayings:Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事實勝于雄辯。Byreadingweenrichthemind,byconversationwepolishit.讀書使人充實，交談使人精明。Activity1Brainstorming第4頁Activity2:TelephoneChainsTheclasswillbedividedintogroupsof8-10students.Thefirststudentofeachgroupwillbegivenamessagebytheteacher.Themessageshouldbewhisperedfromonepersontothenext.Thelastpersonshouldrepeatthemessagealoud.Thegroupthatgetsthemessagethroughwiththeleastchangeswins.第5頁Activity3

ASpeechContest

Haveyouevermadespeechesinpublic?Whendeliveringspeeches,differentlanguagestylesshouldbecarefullyconsidered.ListentoanextractfromthefamousspeechbyMartinLutherKing,Jr.“IHaveaDream”.Thenyouwillbeassigneddifferentroles.Youaresupposedtoprepareshortspeechesbasedonthatrole.第6頁

I

Have

a

Dream

MARTINLUTHERKING,JR.

Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed

weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal.IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgia,sonsofformerslavesandsonsofformerslave-ownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.

第7頁Ihaveadreamthatoneday,eventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatofinjustice,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.

Ihaveadreammyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday!Activity3

ASpeechContest第8頁Directions:Nowchoosefromtherolesgivenandtrytomakeaspeech.Activity3

ASpeechContest第9頁Rolesforyoutochoose:

WeatherforecasterPoliticianrunningforelectionGraduationspeakerStudentlecturerActivity3

ASpeechContest

第10頁Sample-studentLecturer:Listentothespeechmadebyacollegestudent.Activity3

ASpeechContest第11頁TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUsGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,thetitleofmyspeechtodayis“TheDoorsThatAreOpentoUs.”Theotherdaymyauntpaidmeavisit.Shewasoverjoyed.“Igotthehighestmarkonthemid-termexamination!”shesaid.Don’tbesurprised!Myauntisindeedastudent,tobeexact,acollegestudentattheageof45.…

ThefirstdoorIseeistheopportunitytostudydifferentkindsofsubjectsthatinterestus.Myauntsaidshewashappytostudymanagement,butshewasalsohappythatshecouldattendlecturesonancientChinesepoetryandonShakespearedrama.Asformyself,IamanEnglishmajor,butImayalsogotolecturesonhistory.Tome,ifcollegeeducationinthepastemphasizedspecialization,now,itemphasizesfreeandwell-roundeddevelopmentofeachindividual.Soallthefineachievementsofhumancivilizationareopentous.ListeningScript第12頁Activity4EnjoyaJokeDirections:Readthejoke(Page36,Textbook),thendiscussthefollowingquestionsingroups.Acitymanhadanewcaranddecidedtotryitoutbydrivinginthecountry.Hewassohappywithhiscarthathedidn’tnoticewherehewasgoing,andhesoonbecamelost.Hestoppedwhenhesawafarmboywalkingalongtheroad,andhesaid,“Hello,boy.”第13頁

Theboyreplied,“Hello,yourself,”andscratchedhishead.Themanasked,“Wheredoesthisroadgo?”Theboyanswered,“itdoesn’tgoanywhere.It’salwaysbeenrighthere.”Themanthenasked,“Howfarisittothenexttown?”Theboyanswered,“Don’tknow,I’venevermeasuredit.”Themanwasdisgustedandsaidangrily,“Youdon’tknowanything,andyou’rethebiggestfoolI’veevermet.”Theboyreplied,“IknowIdon’tknowmuch,andImaybeafool,butatleastI’mnotlost.”第14頁1.Discussingroupswhatmadeyoulaughandwhatcausedtheproblemincommunicationinthejoke.2.Doyouhaveeverbeenmisunderstoodbyothers?Whenyouaremisunderstood,whatshouldyoudo?3.Howtoavoidmisunderstandingsincommunication?Directions:Nowworkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions:第15頁Activity5VideoClipSuccessfullanguagelearningrequireshardtrainingandcontinuouspractice.MyFairLadywillshowyouhowtoimproveEnglishpronunciation.Afterseeingthevideo,exchangegoodlanguagelearningexperienceswithyourclassmates.第16頁Activity5

VideoClipClicktostopandclickagaintocontinue第17頁In-classReading

第18頁SpeakingDifferentLanguagesPre-readingQuestionsWordsandPhrasesSentenceStudyTextStructureUsefulExpressions第19頁

Pre-readingquestionsDoyouagreethatmenandwomenseldommeanthesamethingsevenwhentheyusethesamewords?Arethereanyexamplesinthearticlethatmaysupportyourpointofview?第20頁Besidesthegenderdifference,arethereanyotherdifferencesthatmaycausepeopletospeakdifferently?Pre-readingquestions第21頁1.

encounter(Line1,Para.1)

vt.findoneselffacedby(danger,difficulties,etc.),meet(anenemyorenemies);meetunexpectedly(afriend,etc.)遭遇（危險，困難）；遭逢（敵人）；邂逅（友人）e.g.Encounteringdifficultiesintheprocessofpursuingsuccessisquitenormal.n.suddenorunexpected(esp.hostile)meeting(with)e.g.AnencounterwithabranchofAl-QaedaresultedinaseriousinjuryintheAmericansoldier’sleftarm.

WordsandPhrases

第22頁2.assistance(Line6,Para.2)

n.help;aid幫助；援助e.g.CanIbeofanyassistancetoyou?assiste.g.Heiswillingtoassistthosechildren

WordsandPhrases

第23頁aid,assistance與help

aid多指因處于困境或危難之時需要他人幫助或援救。Heiswillingto

gototheaidof

thoseill-fatedpeople.

e.g.

他樂意去幫助那些不幸人。

assistance主要指在共同工作中對所屬部分工作做出奉獻。assistance不一定都是在急迫情況下提供幫助。

help使用方法最為普遍，assistance最為正式，aid次之。help往往是出于同情而提供幫助。Hehasalreadygivenusalotof

help.

e.g.他已經(jīng)給了我們很多幫助。

WordsandPhrases

第24頁3.conflict(Line8,Para.2)

n.1)fight;struggle;quarrel戰(zhàn)爭；斗爭；爭執(zhí)e.g.Thisisaseriousdispute,andcouldleadtoarmedconflict.

2)(ofopinion,desires,etc.)opposition;difference（指意見，欲望等）相左；沖突；抵觸e.g.Hisstatementwasapparentlyinconflictwithotherevidence.vi.beinoppositionordisagreement相反，抵觸，沖突Theiraccountoftheroadaccidentconflictswithours.

WordsandPhrases

第25頁4.pullout(Line8,Para.2)

1)takesomethingoutofabag,pocket,orcupboard拿出Thatdisarmingyoungmanpulledoutallhismoneyfromhisbag.2)useforcetotakesomethingfromwhereitisfixedorheld拔出，拉出You’dbetterhavethatbadtoothpulledouttomorrow.

WordsandPhrases

第26頁5.emerge(Line14,Para.3)

vi.1)comeintoview;appear出現(xiàn)；現(xiàn)出（與from連用）Thesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.2)(offacts,ideas)appear;becomeknown（指事實，意見）暴露；顯出；出現(xiàn)Nonewideasemergedduringthediscussion.

WordsandPhrases

第27頁appear與emerge這兩個詞都是不及物動詞。均可指人或事物出現(xiàn)或顯露，也能夠指抽象概念，如思想觀念暴露，事實或問題揭發(fā)等等。

emerge后常接介詞from。有時表達通過調(diào)查、詢問之后才使事實、思想或問題暴露出來；

appear在作系動詞時，與seem使用方法相同，表達“看起來”、“顯得”等意思，其后可接不定式、形容詞或介詞短語。

WordsandPhrases

第28頁請選擇appear或emerge合適形式填空。Thatman_______tobeyourpartnerbutI’minvestigatingifhereallyis.Eventuallythetruthofthematter________.Asmile________onhisface.Quiteafewsuccessfulbusinessmen_________frompoorfamilies.appearsemergedappeared

emerged

WordsandPhrases

第29頁6.assume(Line14,Para.3)vt.1)believesomethingistruewithoutdefiniteproof假定,假設,臆想e.g.

Letusfirstassumehisstatementtobebelievable.2)takeup;undertake擔任；承當Youshould________________________ofwhatyouhavedone.（承當所有責任）名詞形式：assumption

WordsandPhrases

assumealltheresponsibilities第30頁

WordsandPhrases

assume,

guess,

imagine與suppose這幾個詞都表達對客觀情況在未證明此前就做出主觀推

斷或提出自己見解與構想。

suppose(vt.)

表達“想”、“以為”時，能夠接從句或者復合賓

語（補足語多為tobe,其他情況多用不定式完成時或進行時）。1)Isuppose(that)we’llmeethimatthathotel.我想我們將在那家酒店見他。2)Fewpeoplesupposedthatyoungman(tobe)innocent.沒多少人以為那個年輕人是清白。3)HisbrotherwassupposedtohavealreadyleftforEngland.大家以為他弟弟已經(jīng)動身去了英格蘭。第31頁

suppose

構想尚有某些根據(jù)，而guess(vt./vi.)則有隨意性，只是隨便猜想，其后也可接從句。假如guess后接answer,riddle,thought等詞，可作“猜著了”理解。1)

Canyou

guess

myage?你能猜出我年紀嗎？2)

Guess

whatIamdoing.

猜猜我在做什么。3)Thelittlegirl

guessed

therightanswerimmediately.

那個小女孩兒立即猜著了正確答案。

imagine(vt.)

是指思想中形成圖景，想象或猜想某事物也許發(fā)生或存在，往往沒有什么根據(jù)和把握。其后賓語除名詞和代詞外，還可接動名詞、復合賓語和從句。

WordsandPhrases

第32頁1)

Canyou

imagine

her

becomingafamoushostessofCCTV?

你能想象她成了央視著名主持人嗎？2)Youcannot

imagine

howhappyIwastoknowthatmydaughterwasstillalive.你無法想象當我得知女兒還活著時候有多么快樂。

assume(vt.)

“假設”往往強調(diào)以某種構想或條件（并未證明）作根據(jù)進行推論，使用方法較正式。其后可接復合賓語和that從句。e.g.She

assumes

thatyoualwaysgetupatthesametime.她想你總是在同一種時間起床。

WordsandPhrases

第33頁請選擇assume,guess,imagine或suppose合適形式填空。Ifailedto________herthought.Theyare_________toarriveonthesixo’clock

passengertrainfromLondon.Hesaidhecould_________thesceneclearlyinhismind.Thatyoungman_________thegirltobeawarm-heartedtraveler,butshewasinfactathief.Itmightbesafely_________thatthereareno

creaturesonthemoon.guesssupposedimaginesupposedassumed

WordsandPhrases

第34頁7.exaggerate(Line23,Para.5)

v.saysomethingisbetter,worseormoreimportantthanitreallyis夸張，夸張Thesignificanceofthatcommercialperformancehasbeenobviouslyexaggerated.

WordsandPhrases

第35頁8.ignore(Line32,Para.5)vt.takenonoticeof,refusetopayattentionto不顧，不理，忽視Agooddriverneverignoresaredlight.

WordsandPhrases

第36頁9.convey(Line42,Para.6)

v.1)communicateinformationoramessage體現(xiàn)，傳遞Iwillhavetoconveythatbadnewstohim.2)transportorcarry運輸，載送，輸送Abusconveyedthepassengersfromthecitytotheairport.

WordsandPhrases

第37頁10.onthevergeof(Line53,Para.9)verycloseto,ontheborderof接近于，瀕于ZhaoBenshan’shumorousperformanceevenmadehisserious-lookingfather

onthevergeoflaughing.

WordsandPhrases

第38頁PassageLearning

第39頁1.Sowhencommunicationproblemsemerged,theyassumeditwasjustoneofthoseexpectedmisunderstandingsandthatwithalittleassistancetheywouldsurelyunderstandeachother.(Line14)

值得注意是當兩個從句并列時，后一種從句引導詞往往不可省略，以顯示句子間關系。此句中that就是這一使用方法。

SentenceStudy第40頁2.Itisnottobetakenasifitwerefactualinformation.(Line22)

asif所引導從句謂語動詞多用虛擬語調(diào)，表達所論述情況與事實相反。詳細使用方法如下：談論目前情形，動詞用過去時。

Whyisshelookingatmeasifsheknewme?

SentenceStudy第41頁談論過去情形動詞形式有下列幾個：1)過去時，表達過去狀態(tài)，如：Mr.Colemanalwaystalkedasifhekneweverything.不過，假如狀態(tài)動詞帶有連續(xù)時間狀語,則用過去完成時：Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.2)過去完成時，表達過去動作先于主句動詞而發(fā)生或完成，如：Itwasasifhehadlosthislastfriend.

SentenceStudy第42頁必須注意是，在指過去動作時，雖然主句是目前時，asif從句中動詞也要用過去完成時。如：Shelooksasifshehadseenaghost.假如asif背面從句所示情況是真實或很也許是真實，則動詞能夠用陳說語調(diào)，在feel,look,seem,smell,sound,taste之后尤其如此。如:Hewalksasifheisdrunk.Hewalksasifheweredrunk.第一句表達“他已經(jīng)醉了”，第二句則表達“他沒有醉?！?/p>

SentenceStudy第43頁3.Aman’sliteraltranslationof“Idon’tfeelheard”leadshimtotakethewoman’scomplaintlightly.(Line47)takesth.lightly/seriously把······不當回事/認真看待······UNurgesfinancialinstitutionstotakewaterscarcitymoreseriously.

SentenceStudy

第44頁Theauthorhereskillfullyappliesanalogue(類比)intothecommunicationproblembetweenmenandwomen.1.Oneofthesecretsofsuccessindealingwithrelationshipis

thegoodcommunicationbetweenMartiansandVenusians.(Para.1)2.Howdidtheycommunicatewellthoughtheyspokedifferentlanguages?(Para.2)3.PeoplefromMarsandpeoplefromVenusexperiencedatrustandacceptancethatwerarelyexperiencetoday.(Para.3)CommunicationBetweenMartiansandVenusians(Para.1—3)CommunicationBetweenMenandWomen(Para.4—9)1.Menandwomenseldommeanthesamethingsevenwhentheyusethesamewords.(Para.4)2.Tencommoncomplaintsthatareeasilymisinterpreted.

(Para.5—9)1)Whentheyhadproblems,

theywouldjustgotoatranslatorforassistance.

2)Whentherewasaconflicttheydidn’tstartjudgingorfightingbutinstead

pulledouttheirphrasedictionariestounderstandeachothermorefully.Forexample,ifawomansays,“Ifeellikeyouneverlisten”,“never”isjustawayofexpressingthefrustrationsheisfeelingatthemoment.TextStructure第45頁

找人幫忙言語是傳遞信息一種方式。沒人關懷我。沒把他話當回事他倆就要吵起來了。gotosb.forassistance/helpSpeechisameansofconveyinginformation.Idon’tfeelheard.totakehiswordslightlyTheyareonthevergeofarguing.UsefulExpressions

第46頁Post-readingExercises

第47頁translatethefollowingsentencesActivity1summarizethe

text

Activity2第48頁Sowhencommunicationproblemsemerged,theyassumeditwasjustoneofthoseexpectedmisunderstandingsandthatwithalittleassistancetheywouldsurelyunderstandeachother.

因此當交流出現(xiàn)問題時候，他們以為誤解是必然，這只是眾多誤解中一種。同步，在些許幫助下，他們肯定能夠彼此理解。第49頁2.具有諷刺意味是,他們交流溝通成功是由于他們說著不一樣語言.

Ironically,theycommunicatedwellbecausetheyspokedifferentlanguages.第50頁3.能夠看出,習慣于把語言用作只是傳達事實和信息伎倆男人們,從“字面”上去理解女人話是如何易于產(chǎn)生誤解.

Youcanseehowa“l(fā)iteral”translationofawoman’swordscouldeasilymisleadamanwhoisusedtousingspeechasameansofconveyingonlyfactsandinformation.第51頁After-classReading第52頁MisunderstandingsPassage1FiveNewWordsataTime

Passage2第53頁Passage1Questions:HowdidYulanfeelwhenshewasintheover-crowdedESLClass?2)WhydidTaiqiworkinaChineserestaurant?3)WhatwastroublingYulan?4)WhatisTaiqi’scharacter?5)What’sthemainideaofthepassage?Reference:SeetheTextbookp.53,Exercise1.第54頁Passage2Questions:Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Writeasummary.(Seep.59,textbook)2)Whatisthebestthingtodowhenfacingmisunderstandings?

第55頁FurtherDevelopment第56頁Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmayhavedifferenthabitstoexpressthemselves.Sometimestheymisunderstandeachotherbecauseoftheirdifferentcultureorcustoms.Pleasegiveanexampletoillustratethispointandtrytoputforwardsomesuggestionstoclearupthemisunderstandingsbetweenthem.第57頁Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Telephonesandemailhavemadecommunicationbetweenpeoplelesspersonal.第58頁Makeashortdialogaccordingtothedirectionsinp.61.Accordingtothedirectionsinp.63,revisealetterforJames.第59頁Translation第60頁省略介詞

介詞省略翻譯包括兩種情況，一種是英文句型借助介詞組成固定搭配用漢語無法譯出，一種是有些介詞短語如時間、地點狀語中介詞可省。第61頁

Theyaccusedhimofstealingthejewels.

他們控告他偷了珠寶。（固定搭配，無法譯出）Inspiteofalltheevidenceagainsthim,herefusedtoadmitto

theallegation.盡管種種證據(jù)對他不利，他仍然拒不辯解。（固定搭配，無法譯出）Smokingisprohibited

inpublicplaces.（地點狀語）

公共場所嚴禁吸煙。Onthe14thofMarch,at

aquartertothreeintheafternoon,thegreatestlivingthinkerceasedtothink.３月１４日下午２點４５分，當代最偉大思想家停頓了思考。（時間，地點狀語）第62頁省略連詞

漢語詞語之間連接詞用得不多，其上下文邏輯關系經(jīng)常體現(xiàn)為暗含，由詞語次序來表達。英語則不然，連接詞用得比較多。例如，英語因果句中一般用連接詞表達因果，而漢語則往往通過詞序（即前因后果）來表達因果關系，譯文“由于······因此”往往能夠省略。再如，表達條件連詞if，譯文“假如、假如”在大多數(shù)情況下能夠省略。再如，表達時間關系when,as，假如漢語時間先后次序顯著，為了簡略，譯文“當······時”往往能夠省略。第63頁Helookedgloomyandtroubled.

他看上去有些憂郁不安。（并列連詞）IfIhadknownit,Iwouldnothavejoinedinit.早知如此，我就不參與了。（條件連詞）Whatcouldmarriagemeanifwedidnotfeelourselvescapableoflove?連愛都愛不起來，還談什么婚姻？（條件連詞）第64頁Writing第65頁學生反應表述不清主要問題:1.使用了多出詞、無須要從句和短語，使意思反復、行文羅嗦、體現(xiàn)累贅。2.使用修飾語時，因修飾語所處位置不當而產(chǎn)生歧義。3.追求難詞怪句，以為這種句子能得高分。4.漢化英語令讀者不知所云。第66頁同一層次、有關意思用同一種句型體現(xiàn)，合適合并“同類項”。2.使用修飾語時，一定要把修飾詞、短語或從句與它真正被修飾詞接近。3.真正典型名句都是用樸實無華語言揭示生活哲理。學生選用尋常體現(xiàn)式，同樣可傳達真知灼見。不要想當然地杜撰；要想方設法利用自己有把握體現(xiàn)伎倆清楚精確地表述。第67頁你在寫下面這篇作文時，將如何利用上面辦法寫出表述清楚文章？

Directions:Writeacompositiononthetopic:HowtoAvoidMisunderstandings.Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegi