大學英語圖表/圖畫類作文寫作第1頁第1頁主要內(nèi)容圖表類作文圖畫類作文

第2頁第2頁圖表類作文1.圖表作文基本形式2.范文分析3.詞匯練習4.12月四級作文5.課后練習第3頁第3頁

圖表在顯示統(tǒng)計數(shù)字、數(shù)據(jù)時含有簡捷而清楚特點,越來越被講求高效率社會所接受,并在自然科學、社會科學及日常生活中廣泛采用。在這一背景下,我國大學英語各級考試中寫作部分,也先后出現(xiàn)了要求考生依據(jù)圖表所提供信息進行寫作題型。第4頁第4頁

1.圖表作文基本形式

圖表可分為圖和表兩大類

表即表格(table)

圖又可細分為:餅狀圖(piechart)

線狀圖(linegraph)

條狀圖(bargraph)第5頁第5頁表格(tables)Top10countriessendingmostvisitorstoChinain1997and1996第6頁第6頁餅狀圖(piechart)

MajorCausesofRoadAccidentsinChina第7頁第7頁線狀圖(linegraph)

OilProductionAtZumaField第8頁第8頁條狀圖(bargraph)

China’stradewiththeU.S第9頁第9頁2.范文分析

圖表類作文考察學生從非文字材料中獲取信息、分析問題并處理問題綜合能力。但是對大多數(shù)考生來說，寫好圖表類作文并非易事。本部分選取了一些真實圖表作為講評和訓練教材。圖表(一)和圖表(四)就均選自ChinaDaily。依據(jù)前面圖表(一)編寫范文，以幫助同窗們從宏觀角度理解三個自然段在內(nèi)容上是如何分工。第10頁第10頁范文首先找出圖表類作文在布局上規(guī)律,即三個自然段內(nèi)容要點分別為:1)用文字描述該圖表中數(shù)字信息2)分析圖表中數(shù)據(jù)改變反應(yīng)了什么問題3)對數(shù)據(jù)改變進行評論或得出應(yīng)有結(jié)論第11頁第11頁Top10countriessendingmostvisitorstoChinain1997and1996第12頁第12頁Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,therewasanobviousgrowthinthenumberofforeignersenteringChinabetween1996and1997.TakeoneofChina‘sneighboringcountriesforexample:Japanese,whotoppedthelisttwice,wentupsteadilyfrom1.548millionin1996to1.582millionin1997.PeoplefromgeographicallyremotecountrieslikeAmericaalsoincreasedwithinthesetwoyears.Comparedwith1996,thenumberofAmericansrosedramaticallyby40,000bytheendof1997.ForeignershaveavarietyofpurposesforcomingtoChina.Sincethereformandopening-updriveinthelate1970s,Chinahasgrownintoalandofopportunities.TomeetChina'sboomingtrade,manybusinesspeoplefromabroadwastenotimeindoingbusinesswithChinesepartners.AnothermajorreasonisduetoChina'smanytouristattractions.AmazedbyChineseancientcivilization,sometravelersevenneverhesitatetorepeattheirsweetmemoriesbackinChina.第13頁第13頁InordertomakeChinamoreappealingtoforeigners,westillhavetremendoustaskstoaccomplish.TofurtherexpandSino-foreigneconomiccooperation,Chinashouldcontinuetoimproveitsinvestmentclimatebyspeedinguptheconstructionofinfrastructuresuchashighwaysandtelecommunications.Agoodinvestmentclimatealsoincludesflexiblegovernmentpolicies,morecomprehensiveservicestoforeigninvestors,andquickerresponsetotheirdifficulties.Next,majorcitiesinChinashouldimprovebankcardsystemssothatoverseasvisitorswillfinditmucheasiertoshopordrawcashwiththeircreditcards.第14頁第14頁3.詞匯練習起始段落首先,我們要注意以上范文是如何起筆,并從中找出寫第一自然段中第一句話慣用套語,如：Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,+主題句Thetable(piechart,linegraph,bargraph)shows(orindicatesormakesitclear)that+主題句Itcanbeseenfrom(orItisclearfrom,Itisevidentfrom)thetable(piechart,bargraph)that+主題句第15頁第15頁圖表類作文練習

下面一個練習能夠幫助擴大用英語表示數(shù)據(jù)詞匯量環(huán)節(jié)一,請依據(jù)下列自然段中所提供文字信息,在相應(yīng)網(wǎng)格上畫出線狀圖來。環(huán)節(jié)二,請重新閱讀這一自然段,并在表示開始、上升、下降和水平向前發(fā)展動詞、名詞下面劃橫線;在表示程度改變副詞下面劃波浪線;將表示時間短語用括號括起來。所有這些畫出表示法,都是圖表類作文中使用頻率很高詞語。環(huán)節(jié)三,重讀答案中線狀圖,并將圖中數(shù)字信息轉(zhuǎn)換成文字信息。第16頁第16頁Ifwestartwith1975,wecanseethatatthebeginningoftheyear,inflationstoodat5%.Itincreasedsteadilyoverthenext12monthsto8%.Atthebeginningof1976,inflationleveledoffforasixmonthperiod,andthendecreasedgraduallyby2%duringtherestoftheyear.Unfortunately,overthenextsixmonths,inflationroseslightlyandreached9%bythemiddleof1977.Theninflationwentupdramaticallyto17%duringthenext12months.Afteradropof3%overthe2ndhalfof78,inflationincreasedrapidlyuntilitreachedapeakof24%inmid-79.Itthenfellto20%bytheendof79andsubsequentlyleveledoffuntilthemiddleof1980.第17頁第17頁參考答案第18頁第18頁4.12月四級作文12月四級作文考察是“教育投資和其帶來回報”問題。表格中數(shù)字代表不同教育水平對應(yīng)失業(yè)率和周薪，一套代表是失業(yè)率百分比，另一套代表是周薪。第19頁第19頁第20頁第20頁范文.Fromthebarchartgivenabove,wecanobservethatitreflectsthestatisticsofincomeamongpeopleofdifferenteducationalbackground.Thosewhopossessadoctoraldegreeearn1,551dollarsmedianweekly,rankingfirstamongpeopleofothereducationlevel.Themedianweeklyearningsofpeoplewithassociatedegreeandbelowcannotreachtheaverageof797dollars,rankingfrom768dollarsto451dollars.Asfortheunemploymentrate,2.5%ofpeoplewithdoctoraldegreewillsufferformunemployment.However,theunemploymentrateofpeoplewithsomecollege,nodegreeandlowerdegreesurpassthemeanvalueof7.6%，rankingfrom8.7%to14.1%。第21頁第21頁ThebarchartofEducationPaysrevealsaphenomenonthatthereexitssomedifferenceinincomesandunemploymentrateamongpeoplewithdifferenteducationallevel.Quiteafewreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon:foronething,withtheadvancementoftechnologyandtheadjustmentofindustrialstructure,quiteafewhigh-techindustriesemergeovernight,whichleadstoasoardemandofworkforceswithhigheducationaldegree,thus,itisnaturalthatgraduateswithbachelor’andhigherdegreegetahighpay-packetandenjoyastablejob.Additionally,thosewitheducationalbackgroundunderassociatedegreeareeasilydismissedandpaidbylowsalary.Theycanbereplacedanytimeduetothefactthattheirjobsareeasyandcanbefinishedbyaveragepeople.Definitely,thehighereducationdegreeyouget,themorelikelyyouaretoenjoyacompetitiveedgeintheemploymentmarket.Thus,theauthoritiesshouldenforcesomepoliciestoensuretheequityofeducation.Onlyinthiswaycanmorepeopleleadastableandcomfortablelife.第22頁第22頁5.Exercise

最近對班上同窗進行了題為“影響你選擇音樂原因是什么”調(diào)查，其結(jié)果下列。現(xiàn)在請用英語寫一份簡樸調(diào)查結(jié)果闡明，并針對圖表中任何一個數(shù)據(jù)所反應(yīng)情況談?wù)勀阋娊狻５?3頁第23頁第24頁第24頁Samplewriting

RecentlyIhavecarriedoutasurveyamongthestudentsofourclass.Thesurveywasconductedtofindoutwhatinfluencesthemusicwelistento.Accordingtothesurvey,TVandfilmshavethestrongesteffectonteenagers’choiceofmusic,50percentofthestudentssharingtheopinion.About30percentofthestudentssaytheyareinfluencedbyfriendswhendecidingwhattolistento.Radiocomesthird,with20percentofthestudentschoosingit.Parentsseemtohaveverylittleinfluence.Only10percentofthestudentssaytheylistentowhattheirparentsrecommend.第25頁第25頁Inmyopinion,oneofthemajorreasonswhyTVandfilmsinfluenceourchoiceofmusicsomuchisthatthemusicinthefilmusuallygoeswithbeautifulpictures,orexpressescertainfeelingsofheroes.Goodfilmmusic,asisoftenthecase,canaccompanyaperson’sentirelife.Honestlyspeaking,I’mprettyamazedathowminorthepartparentsplayinguidingstudentstowardsfindingalifelonginterestinmusic.Forme,Iamforeverwillingtohearmymom’sopiniononthekindofmusicIlistento,forIbelieve,withbroadenedhorizons,parentsareteachersofusineveryaspectoflifeandtheiradviceisalwaysworthconsidering.第26頁第26頁圖畫類作文圖畫作文通常包括三部分：描述圖畫段闡釋寓意段處理問題段/發(fā)揚展望段/舉例段第27頁第27頁圖畫描述段

描述圖畫段基本寫法：三句寫出圖畫，一句點出中心思想。第一句，指出話題，說是什么事情第二句，描寫圖畫第三句，描寫圖畫第四句，點明中心思想慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：Asisshown/…，wecanseeclearlythat…/，Thepurposeofthepictures/thedraweristoreveal/exposetousacommonandseriousprobleminChina/inoursociallife.第28頁第28頁闡釋寓意段般說來，寫9句，約100個字。這一段主要結(jié)構(gòu)是寓意闡發(fā)，而后多是原因分析和后果分析。慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：

Thesetofdrawings/Thiscartoonisreallythought-provoking.Thisthought-provokingcartoontells/warnsusthat…第29頁第29頁

處理問題段

這種段落比較好寫，典型套路就是國家或者政府應(yīng)當怎么樣，社會應(yīng)當怎么樣，我們應(yīng)當怎么樣，然后只有這樣，就會怎么樣，最后是戰(zhàn)勝克服困難，明天會更加好。大約寫5句，50個字左右。第30頁第30頁舉例段

首先注意舉例數(shù)量，一個例子能夠，多個例子也能夠；例子多樣性、多側(cè)面；一定要適當，切題，第31頁第31頁發(fā)揚展望段

普通結(jié)構(gòu)是：表明正面態(tài)度＋進行好處列舉＋展望美好未來。第32頁第32頁

總而言之，圖畫作文包括這五種段落，寫作時，注意審題，看指令讓你寫是哪三段組合，然后進行拼接組圖.第33頁第33頁Directions:

1)describethesetofdrawings,Interpretitsmeaning,and2)pointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.第34頁第34頁SamplewritingTheabovetwopictureshaveshapedcontrasttoeachother.Asisshowninthefirstdrawing,theflowerisplacedinacozygreenhousewhichsheltersitfromtheseverewindandstorm.Withpropertemperatureandothergoodconditions,theflowerisgrowinginfullbloom.Incontrast,whenremovedfromthegreenhouseandexposedtothewindandstorm,theflowerimmediatelyfadesandwithers,withmostofitspetalscastaboutontheground.Thetwopicturesshowusthattheflowergrowinginthegreenhousecannotwithstandtheordea