閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀oxygenn.氧氣portn.港,港口alcoholn.酒精rubbern.橡膠,合成橡膠cottonn.棉布,棉紗cottonwool藥棉,脫脂棉submarinen.潛(水)艇chaptern.章節(jié)helmetn.頭盔,鋼盔nutn.堅(jiān)果(仁)vibrationn.震顫,震動(dòng)atomn.原子重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記thusadv.因此,從而zonen.地區(qū),地帶bordern.國(guó)界,邊界confirmv.證實(shí),證明attemptn.努力,嘗試bandagen.繃帶guidelinen.指導(dǎo)方針,指導(dǎo)原則clothn.布liquidn.液體,液態(tài)物injuryn.傷,損害stretchv.延伸,綿延chargen.主管,負(fù)責(zé)captainn.船長(zhǎng)aheadadv.在前面rayn.光線,光束graduallyadv.逐漸地,逐步地shoren.岸,濱carpetn.地毯broadadj.寬的,闊的beneathprep.在……之下,在……正下方residentn.居民,住戶malen.雄性動(dòng)物核心詞匯拓展initialadj.開(kāi)始的,最初的→initiallyadv.最初crowdn.人群→crowdedadj.擁擠的failuren.失敗→failv.失敗psychologistn.心理學(xué)家→psychologyn.心理學(xué);心理;心理影響→psychologicaladj.心理(學(xué))的thrilln.驚險(xiǎn),刺激v.使興奮→thrilledadj.非常興奮的→thrillingadj.令人激動(dòng)的→thrillern.驚險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)unawareadj.未覺(jué)察到的,未意識(shí)到的→awareadj.意識(shí)到的;明白的→awarenessn.意識(shí)wooln.羊毛,毛織物→woolen(＝woollen)adj.羊毛的bleedingn.流血,失血→bleedv.流血→bloodn.血servantn.仆人;職員;公務(wù)員→servev.提供(食物),端上(飯菜);服務(wù)→servicen.服務(wù)permitv.允許,準(zhǔn)許,許可n.許可證→permissionn.允許,許可fascinatedadj.被迷住的,被吸引住的→fascinatev.深深吸引;迷住→fascinatingadj.有吸引力的,迷人的relatev.相聯(lián)系,有關(guān)聯(lián);講述→relatedadj.有關(guān)的astonishv.使吃驚,使驚訝→astonishedadj.驚訝的→astonishingadj.令人驚訝的→astonishmentn.吃驚,驚訝consumev.消耗→consumptionn.消費(fèi);消耗→consumern.消費(fèi)者distinguishv.看清;認(rèn)出;區(qū)別,辨別→distinguishedadj.高貴的;卓越的,杰出的surroundv.環(huán)繞,圍繞→surroundingadj.周?chē)摹鷖urroundingsn.環(huán)境wrinkledadj.有皺褶的→wrinklen.皺紋v.起皺紋intensityn.(光、聲等的)強(qiáng)度→intenseadj.強(qiáng)烈的,激烈的depthn.深,深度→deepadj.深的adv.在深處→deepenv.加深;(使)變深核心短語(yǔ)速記bring...intofocus使……成為焦點(diǎn)inbroaddaylight在大白天succeedindoing成功做……makemoney賺錢(qián)figureout弄明白;計(jì)算resultin導(dǎo)致referto...as...把……稱(chēng)作……standfor代表cushionn.墊子vt.緩沖customsn.海關(guān);關(guān)稅databasen.資料庫(kù),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)deadlinen.最后期限,截止日期decaden.十年declinevt.&vi.婉拒;衰落;減弱decreasevi.減少dictationn.聽(tīng)寫(xiě)deliberatelyadv.故意地VascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.(the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋todo)瓦斯科·達(dá)·伽馬(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探險(xiǎn)家,也是第一位從海上到達(dá)印度的歐洲人。ChristopherColumbus(1451－1506)wasanItalianexplorerwhocompletedjourneysbetweenSpainandtheAmericas,thusmarkingthebeginningofEuropeanexplorationoftheAmericas.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))克里斯托弗·哥倫布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探險(xiǎn)家,他完成了從西班牙到美洲的航行,從而標(biāo)志著歐洲人在美洲探險(xiǎn)的開(kāi)始。Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(suggestthat＋從句)研究還表明,我們對(duì)于冒險(xiǎn)的渴望與我們期待從中獲得多少收益有關(guān)。CaptainNemowalkedinfront,oneofhismenfollowingsomestepsbehind.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))尼摩船長(zhǎng)走在前面,他的一個(gè)手下在后面幾步處跟著。Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.(完全倒裝)頭頂上是平靜的海面。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。crowd,fascinate,unaware,permission,charge,attemptOurcaptain,whowasin1.chargeofthewholesubmarine,lookedcharmingandwasdistinguished.Heoftengotupaheadoftime,andnoonecouldgooutwithouthis2.permission.Tomyastonishment,thesubmarinewasoftensurroundedby3.crowdsoffish.Weusuallydivedtothedepths,wherewewere4.fascinatedbythebeautifulscenery.Sometimes,weweresothrilledthatwewouldbe5.unawareofthedanger,whichmightbringussomeinjury.Oneday,whenwemadean6.attempttogoclosetotheshore,wefoundthatthebeachwaslikeablanket,wrappingthesea.Howamazing!Turningtoourcaptain,wesawasmilespreadacrosshiswrinkledface.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯confirmv.證實(shí),證明(confirmationn.確認(rèn);證實(shí);證明)confirmsth/that.../wh-...證實(shí);進(jìn)一步確定……confirmsbinsth/confirmsbthat...使某人確信某事Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已經(jīng)確定……Theexpressiononhisfaceconfirmedmeinmysuspicions.Manyplanetsareknowntoexistbeyondoursolarsystem,buttherehasbeennoconfirmation(confirm)ofamoonontheoutside.已經(jīng)證實(shí)所有傷者都被及時(shí)送往醫(yī)院了。Ithasbeenconfirmedthatalltheinjuredweresenttothehospitalintime.crowdn.人群vt.擁擠,塞滿;涌上心頭(crowdedadj.擁擠的)acrowdof/crowdsof一大群;很多crowdinto涌入crowdout將……擠出;擁擠becrowdedwith擠滿……DuringThanksgivingshopping,thecrowdspouredin,makingtheshopverycrowded.(crowd)OntheNationalDay,thestreetsarecrowdedwithalargenumberofpeople.回憶涌上心頭,她哭了起來(lái)。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之回憶)Withthememoriescrowdingintohermind,sheburstintotears.attemptn.&v.企圖;試圖;嘗試;努力(attemptedadj.未遂的)makeanattempttodo/atdoing...嘗試做……inanattempttodosth試圖做某事atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試attempttodo/(at)doing...嘗試/試圖做……Policesaythey’retreatingitasacaseofattempted(attempt)murder.ItwasreallyathrillthatIpassedmydrivingtestatthefirstattempt.我們?cè)噲D在黑暗中認(rèn)出回家的路,但是白費(fèi)力氣。Weattemptedtomakeoutthewaybackhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptv.)Wemadeanattempttomakeoutthewaybackhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptn.)chargev.收費(fèi);控告;充電n.費(fèi)用;控告;主管,掌管;充電量chargesbwith(doing)sth＝accusesbof(doing)sth指控某人犯……罪chargesbmoneyforsth因某事/物收某人錢(qián)freeofcharge＝forfree免費(fèi)takechargeof掌管(表動(dòng)作)inchargeof掌管(表狀態(tài))inthechargeof被……掌管;由……負(fù)責(zé)Howmuchdidhechargeyouforrepairingthispairofshoes?Themandressedinredwaschargedwithcrossingtheborderillegally.作為學(xué)生會(huì)主席,我被委派負(fù)責(zé)安排你在天津逗留期間的所有活動(dòng)。(話題寫(xiě)作之活動(dòng)安排)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesduringyourstayinTianjin.(takechargeof)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtobeinchargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesduringyourstayinTianjin.(inchargeof)上周,我們就市民是否可以免費(fèi)使用科學(xué)博物館展開(kāi)了熱烈的討論。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之議論文)Lastweek,wehadaheateddebateaboutwhethercitizenscanaccesstheScienceMuseumfreeofcharge/forfree.astonishvt.使十分驚訝;使吃驚[astonishedadj.感到驚訝的(指人的主觀感受)astonishingadj.令人驚訝的astonishmentn.驚訝]beastonishedat/bysth因某事感到驚訝beastonishedtodosth對(duì)做某事感到驚訝inastonishment吃驚地toone’sastonishment讓某人驚訝的是Thephotographerwasastonishedattheastonishingquestioninhisownmind.(astonish)雙胞胎非常吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)他們第一次嘗試做早餐失敗了。(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Thetwinswerequiteastonishedtofindthattheirfirstattempttocookabreakfastfailed.Whatastonishedthemwasthattheirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonish,主語(yǔ)從句)Totheirastonishment,theirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonishment)看到那個(gè)場(chǎng)景,我們驚訝地張大了嘴。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之心理描寫(xiě))Seeingthescene,ourmouthsdroppedopeninastonishment.distinguishv.辨別;看清,認(rèn)出(distinguishedadj.卓越的;有尊嚴(yán)的)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……;把……與……區(qū)分開(kāi)distinguishoneself使自己揚(yáng)名bedistinguishedfor因……而出名bedistinguishedas作為……而出名Thewomandistinguishedasawriterforherlatestsciencefictionagreedthatreadinggoodbookscanteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.WearefascinatedbyLangPingwhohasalreadydistinguishedherself(she)asagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.這場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)真的值得看,因?yàn)樵S多杰出的音樂(lè)家將在音樂(lè)會(huì)上表演。Theconcertisreallyworthwatchingbecausemanydistinguishedmusicianswillperformintheconcert.figureout弄明白;計(jì)算出;想出(figuren.身材,體形;數(shù)字;人物;圖案;輪廓;人影vt.認(rèn)為,認(rèn)定;計(jì)算)figurethat...認(rèn)為……;認(rèn)定……keepone’sfigure保持體形Theyfiguredthatitwasbettertostaywheretheywere.只有通過(guò)均衡飲食和經(jīng)常鍛煉,你才能既保持體形又保持健康。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之建議信)Onlybymeansofbalanceddietsandregularexercisecanyoukeepyourfigureaswellasstayhealthy.我不明白為什么我要貢獻(xiàn)我的勞動(dòng)所得。(2021·浙江6月,讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Icouldn’tfigureoutwhyIshouldcontributemyearnings.the＋序數(shù)詞＋n.＋todoVascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.瓦斯科·達(dá)·伽馬(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探險(xiǎn)家,也是第一位從海上到達(dá)印度的歐洲人。當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)等修飾時(shí)或前有theonly,thelast,thebest等時(shí),常用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。在time,way,chance,opportunity,ability,promise,attempt等名詞后,常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ),表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptstocontact(contact)youfailed.約翰是第一個(gè)想出做爆米花幫助伯納德掙外快的人。他相信他有能力幫助伯納德走出困境。(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))JohnwasthefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcorntohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.HewasconvincedthathehadtheabilitytohelpBernardoutofthedifficulty.我能說(shuō)一口流利的英語(yǔ),而且我是班上唯一一個(gè)出國(guó)深造的學(xué)生。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)我是負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之申請(qǐng)信)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamtheonlystudentinmyclasstogoabroadforfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIamthebestpersontoberesponsibleforthejob.自從她搬到北京以來(lái),她就一直在找房子住。ShehasbeenlookingforahousetoliveinsinceshemovedtoBeijing.用法點(diǎn)撥：如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面必須有必要的介詞。(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.對(duì)語(yǔ)言數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的分析也證實(shí),在新石器時(shí)代之后,世界語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)音發(fā)生了全球性的變化,“f”和“v”的使用在過(guò)去幾千年里顯著增加。(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet—storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.熱帶雨林就是地球的肺——儲(chǔ)存了大量的二氧化碳,并產(chǎn)生了世界上大部分氧氣。(2020·浙江7月)Sometimeafter10,000BCE,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.公元前1萬(wàn)年之后的某一段時(shí)間,人們第一次真正試圖通過(guò)農(nóng)業(yè)來(lái)控制他們生活的世界。(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.雖然他承認(rèn)工程項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)因?yàn)槟切┫氤龌蛟O(shè)計(jì)它們的人犯了錯(cuò)誤而失敗,但在這本書(shū)中,彼得羅斯基博士拓寬了他的視野,考慮了此類(lèi)失敗發(fā)生的更廣泛的背景。(2019·天津)Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中受的傷使他的左手不能正常使用,而且他經(jīng)常被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙figureA.數(shù)字B.身影C.身材D.人物HenryMoore,asculptor,isregardedasoneofthemostfamousfiguresintheworld.DShereportedthelatesttradefigurestohermanager.AEverywomanwantsaslimfigurenowadays.CAswewereapproaching,wesawadimfigure,whichturnedouttobeUnclePaul,wholivedinaquietneighbourhood.B快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。I’msurethatChinesepeopleconsumethelargestamountofriceintheworld.吃/喝,消耗Heroseandstretchedhimself.伸懶腰Thegirlgreeteduswithabroadsmile,herlonghairflowinginthebreeze.燦爛的核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)Ithasbeenconfirmedthatthemancharged(charge)withstealingthecarwastakentothepolice.Tohisgreatjoy,hesucceededingettingthejobhehadbeendreamingaboutathisfirstattempt.Hewasconfirmed(confirm)ascaptainfortherestoftheseason,makingtheteammembersinspired.Itastonished(astonish)usthathewasstimulatedtogetridofthebadhabitofstayinguplate.Unawareofwhatwashappeningaroundhim,theoldmandidn’tknowwhattosay.Havingbeensponsoredbyacompany,hisdreamtogo(go)tocollegecametrueatlast.Sheisdistinguished(distinguish)asapsychologist,whooffersfrequenthelptothoseteenagersintrouble.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionwasbroughtintofocusafterhispassionatespeech.CouldyoutellmewhatthelettersstandforinthepopularTVplaywhichisbeingbroadcast？Thegirl’sfatherdidn’tpermithertotake(take)partintheactivitiesintheneighbourhood.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練(話題寫(xiě)作之課外輔導(dǎo)班)許多父母試圖花很多錢(qián)在孩子們的課外課程上,如鋼琴、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、外語(yǔ)等等。(attempttodo)Manyparentsattempttospendalotofmoneyonchildren’safter-schoolcoursessuchaspiano,computerscienceandforeignlanguages.孩子們整個(gè)周末都用來(lái)上課外課程,這使得他們無(wú)法盡情玩樂(lè)。(分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))Childrendevotetheirwholeweekendtoafter-schoolcourses,makingitimpossibleforthemtoenjoythemselves.這表明父母已經(jīng)意識(shí)到教育的重要性。(suggest＋從句)Thissuggeststhatparentshavebecomeawareoftheimportanceofeducation.然而,我認(rèn)為沒(méi)有什么比孩子們的身心健康更重要的了。(figure)However,Ifigurethatnothingismoreimportantthanchildren’smentalandphysicalhealth.Allthesethingsconsidered,it’sunnecessaryforparentstospendtoomuchtimeandmoneyonthecourses.微型寫(xiě)作——續(xù)寫(xiě)提能練[教材續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料]心理描寫(xiě)fascinatedadj.被迷住的,被吸引住的astonishv.使吃驚,使驚訝→astonishmentn.驚訝thrilln.驚險(xiǎn),刺激unawareadj.未覺(jué)察到的,未意識(shí)到的動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)confirmv.證實(shí),證明consumev.消耗distinguishv.看清;認(rèn)出bleedingn.流血,失血injuryn.傷,損害→injurevt.傷害;使受傷→injuredadj.受傷的permitv.允許,準(zhǔn)許,許可surroundv.環(huán)繞,圍繞attemptn.努力,嘗試failuren.失敗crowdn.人群v.涌上心頭;擁擠人物描寫(xiě)chargen.主管,負(fù)責(zé)captainn.船長(zhǎng)wrinkledadj.有皺褶的[續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語(yǔ)段。然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該語(yǔ)段。被周?chē)拿谰懊宰?Tin沒(méi)有意識(shí)到即將到來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。一個(gè)醉酒的司機(jī)把他撞倒,使他受了重傷。他的腿碰破(split)流血了。一群人開(kāi)始圍住他看發(fā)生了什么事,他們驚訝地張大了嘴注視著。就在那時(shí),Mary學(xué)過(guò)的急救方法涌入了她的腦海,她用繃帶包扎傷口去止血。她及時(shí)的幫助對(duì)Tin的幸存起到了重大的作用。這一事件使Mary堅(jiān)定了將來(lái)成為醫(yī)生的決心。Fascinatedbysurroundingscenery,Tinwasunawareoftheapproachingdanger.Adrunkdriverknockedhimdown,makinghimbadlyinjured.Hislegssplitandbled.Acrowdofpeoplestartedtosurroundhimtoseewhatwashappening.Theywatchedinastonishment,open-mouthed.Itwasthenthatthefirst-aidknowledgeMarylearnedcrowdedintohermind.Shecoveredthewoundwithabandagetostopbleeding.HertimelyhelpmadeadifferencetoTin’ssurvival.TheincidentconfirmedMaryinherdecisiontobecomeadoctorinthefuture.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共20分)Themeetingroomisquitecrowdedwithcrowdsofpeoplecrowdingintoit.(crowd)Thoughtheartshowfailedtoattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected,itwasfarfrombeingafailure；actually,itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)Helikesseeingthrillersandtellingthrillingstoriesbecauseheenjoysthefeelingofbeingthrilled.(thrill)Healthawarenesshasincreasedoverthepastdecade.Forexample,smokersareawareofthedangersofsmokingtotheirownhealth.(aware)Thetwoservantsservedtheirmasterheartandsoula