實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果處理：將塔頂、塔底溫度和組成，以及各流量計(jì)讀數(shù)等原始數(shù)據(jù)列表及其處理結(jié)果（1）全回流時(shí)：原始數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)目全回流狀態(tài)全回流狀態(tài)（質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)）乙醇的摩爾數(shù)全回流(摩爾百分?jǐn)?shù)）塔頂溫度/℃77.5塔底溫度/℃90.7進(jìn)料溫度/℃20.9回流液溫度/℃42塔頂乙醇含量%89.783886.205585881.8740340.778209807塔底乙醇含量%8.09677.573583420.1646430.032492006塔頂水含量%10.21629.613814120.534101塔底水含量%91.903388.245816584.902545第一塊塔板乙醇含量%Xn-190.212786.618445021.883010.786496637Xn88.861685.317876161.8547360.760713274第十塊塔板乙醇含量%Xn-161.033958.530932141.2724120.380506635Xn17.044616.186831960.3518880.073679565第一塊塔板水含量%Xn-19.78739.200954980.511164Xn11.138410.501523840.583418第十塊塔板水醇含量%Xn-138.966137.288467862.071582Xn82.955479.632568044.424032（2）部分回流時(shí)：原始數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)目部分回流狀態(tài)部分回流狀態(tài)（質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)）乙醇（水）摩爾數(shù)乙醇摩爾分?jǐn)?shù)進(jìn)料液流量F塔頂溫度/℃6塔底溫度/℃90塔釜?dú)堄嘁毫髁縒進(jìn)料溫度/℃21.64.5回流液溫度/℃41.1塔頂產(chǎn)品流量D塔頂乙醇含量%86.042982.60461.79580.70981.5塔底乙醇含量%8.0017.48150.16260.0321塔頂回流流量L進(jìn)料乙醇含量%37.720536.08950.78460.19122塔頂水含量%13.957113.21480.7342回流比R塔底水含量%91.99988.33794.90771.3333進(jìn)料水含量%62.279559.72993.31832.按全回流和部分回流分別用圖解法計(jì)算理論板數(shù)。（1）全回流時(shí)由圖可知NT=5，NP=10所以全塔效率ET=NT-1/NP=5-1/10=0.4單板效率：EML=xn-1-xn/xn-1-xn＊對(duì)第一塊塔板：xn-1=0.78650，xn=0.76071，全回流yn=xn=0.76071則由氣液平衡相圖可知xn＊=0.71346則EML=xn-1-xn/xn-1-xn＊=(0.78650-0.76071)/(0.78650-0.71346)=0.3531同理：對(duì)第十塊塔板：xn-1=0.38051，xn=0.07368全回流yn=xn=0.07368則由氣液平衡相圖可知xn＊=0.006353則EML=xn-1-xn/xn-1-xn＊=（0.38051-0.07368）/(0.38051-0.006353)=0,8201（2）部分回流時(shí)：附注：質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù)y與響應(yīng)百分?jǐn)?shù)x之間數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系：y=0.9626x-0.2203摩爾百分?jǐn)?shù)=醇的摩爾數(shù)/(醇的摩爾數(shù)+水的摩爾數(shù))精餾段回流液流量L=2.0l/h，進(jìn)料量F=6.0l/h,塔頂產(chǎn)品流量D=1.5l/h由于是冷液進(jìn)料，xF=0.1912時(shí)，查圖知泡點(diǎn)溫度為84℃，乙醇汽化熱為1025KJ/Kg，水為2550KJ/Kg，進(jìn)料溫度為21.6℃則平均溫度為（84+21.6）/2=52.8℃，該溫度下水和乙醇的比熱容分別為2.92KJ/(Kg*℃),4.26KJ/(Kg*℃),其對(duì)應(yīng)的CP=2.92*46*0.1912+4.26*18*(1-0.1912)=87.795KJ/(Kmol*℃)rm=0.1912*1025*46+(1-0.1912)*2550*18=46139KJ/Kmolq=CP*△T/rm+1=1.119回流比R=(1+x)*L/D,其中x=CP*△T/rm,△T=汽化t-實(shí)際t（進(jìn)料）=84-21.6=62.4℃,x=0.119R=(1+x)*L/D=1.119*2.0/1.5=1.492由上開始做精餾段操作線：過（xD，xD）點(diǎn)，y軸截距y=x