06情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣考查要點及應對策略【考點精析】一、情態(tài)動詞考點1含有情態(tài)動詞的時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)1.情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形:除了表示現在的時間外,還可以表示將來,說明動作尚未發(fā)生。如:Youcangonowbutyou’dbettercomeearliertomorrow.2.情態(tài)動詞+bedoing:表示動作正在發(fā)生。如:Yourmothermaybewaitingforyoutoreturnhome.Hemustbeplayingfootballontheplaygroundnow.3.情態(tài)動詞+havedone:(1)表示對過去情況的推測:Hemusthavestartedwritinghisbookalongtimeago.(2)表示過去“該做而沒做”“能做而沒做”“可做而沒做”等含義,與過去事實不符或相反。Iwouldhavewrittentoyouearlier,butIhavebeenill.4.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):情態(tài)動詞+be+donePupilsshouldbehelpedtoadoptapositiveapproachtotheenvironment.考點2常考情態(tài)動詞的用法(1)表示能力,一般譯為“能,會”,尤其指生來具備的能力。CanyouspeakEnglish?(2)表示許可,常用在口語中。(3)表示推測,意為“可能”,常用于否定句和疑問句中,此時can’t譯為“不可能”。Canthenewsbetrue?Themooncan’talwaysbefull.(1)can的過去式,意為“能,會”,表示過去的能力。Ididn’tknowifIcouldraiseachildbymyself.(2)could在疑問句中,表示委婉請求的語氣,此時could沒有過去式的意思。Couldyougivemesomeadviceonthebestwaytodothis?(1)表示請求、許可,比can正式。MayIuseyourcomputer?(2)表示推測,談論可能性,意為“可能,或許”,一般用于肯定句中。Ithinkhemaybereadyforasleepsoon.(3)may的過去式為might。might也可以表示推測,但可能性低于may(此時might沒有過去式的意思)。Hesaidhemightnotbebackuntiltonight.(4)表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可譯為“祝愿”。通常是用may+主語+動詞原形。MayallofourwishescometruethisValentine’sDay.(1)must表示主觀看法,意為“必須”。Wemustbehonestandfaithfultothepeople.(2)對must引導的疑問句,肯定回答為must,否定回答為needn’t或don’thaveto?！狹ustIgotheretoday?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.(3)must也可以表示有把握的推測,意為“一定,肯定”,用于肯定句。Hemustbewaitingforus.(4)其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止,不許”。Wemustn’tletthewaterruntowaste.注意：其反意疑問句的構成形式:當must表示肯定的判斷、推測時,其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構成。Hemustbegoodatmaths,isn’the?Youmusthavetoldheraboutit,haven’tyou?(1)need表示需要,主要用于否定句和疑問句中,其否定形式為needn’t,意為“不必”。用need提問時,肯定回答為must,否定回答為needn’t或don’thaveto。—NeedIgowithyou?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.(2)need還可以作實義動詞,此時有人稱、數和時態(tài)的變化,如果是人作主語,后面多接動詞不定式。Adultsneedtolivetheirownlivesandthat’sdifficultwithchildren.注意：如果是物作主語,一般用needdoing與needtobedone,這種情況下應注意兩點:①主動形式的動名詞doing具有被動的含義;②該動名詞可以改為其動詞不定式的被動形式而句子的意義不變。Thecarneedswashing.=Thecarneedstobewashed.dare意為“敢,敢于”,用法近似于need,有兩種詞性:(1)dare作為情態(tài)動詞,多用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中,無第三人稱單數形式。Howdareyoupickupthephoneandlisteninonmyconversations!(2)dare作為實義動詞,此時有人稱、數及時態(tài)的變化。Myboyfrienddoesn’tdaretosaywhathethinksinpublic.注意：口語中,dare的各種形式常與不帶to的不定式連用。DoyoudaretellhimwhatIsaid?(1)shall表示征求對方意見(多用于第一、三人稱)(2)shall表示命令、允諾(多用于第二、三人稱)IshalldoallIcantoputthematterright.Youshallhaveacomputerifyouareadmittedtoakeyuniversity.(1)should意為“應該”,可表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。Weshoulddoeverythingwecantomaintainworldpeace.(2)shouldhavedone意為“本應該做某事而沒做”,表示對過去動作的責備、批評。IshouldhavearrivedtenminutesagobutImissedthebus.will表示意愿、意志、打算,可用于多種人稱。Ifyouwillundertaketheaffair,Ishallbeverygrateful.考點3表示“推測”的情態(tài)動詞表示對具體事物的推測時,一般用于否定句或疑問句。Theycan’tbelieveyoucanevenholdaconversation.注意：can表推測用于肯定句時,不能指對具體事物的推測,而是表示事物的屬性特征。Evenanexperiencedclimbercangetintotrouble.表示肯定的推測,一般用于肯定句中。Thecomputerdoesn’twork.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithit.表示推測時,不一定是may的過去式,只是表示其可能性比may小。Ifyoulookatthemoon,youmay/mighthavemanyquestionstoask.表示推測時,語氣比can弱。ShecouldbeinLondonorParisorTokyo—nobodyknows.表示推測的可能性比較大,表示有依據或有前提的推測,僅比must的可能性小一點,意為“按說應該……”。Iwonderwhat’shappenedtoAnnie.Sheshouldbeherebynow.考點4情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞have+donesth.表示過去,推測過去時間里可能發(fā)生過的事情。Shouldyoulookatwhatyoucouldhavedonebetterandlearnfromitsoyoucanimprove?Someonemighthaveguessedoursecretandpassediton.have+donesth.表示對過去時間里可能發(fā)生過的事情的推測,語氣較強,意為“肯定/一定做過某事”。Chinamusthavedonesomethingsupremelyrighttoproducetheeconomicmiracleweobserve.tohavedonesth.本應該做某事,而事實上并沒有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。Shereallyoughttohaveretiredlongago,butshe’sstillworking.Wereallyshouldn’thavelethimgoswimmingbyhimself.4.needn’thavedonesth.本沒必要做某事卻做了。Ineedn’thavewrittentohimbecausehephonedmeshortlyafterwards.liketohavedonesth.過去本想做某事而沒做。Iwouldliketohavereadthearticle,butIwasverybusythen.二、虛擬語氣考點1虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法條件句有真實條件句和虛擬條件句兩種。真實條件句所表示的假設是有可能發(fā)生的,此時主句不用虛擬語氣;而虛擬條件句則表示一種假想,與事實相反或不太可能會發(fā)生,此時用虛擬語氣。1.虛擬語氣在if條件句中的運用類別從句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞與現在事實相反過去式(be用were)should/would/could/might+動詞原形與過去事實相反had+過去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞與將來事實相反過去式(be用were)should/would/could/might+動詞原形should+動詞原形wereto+動詞原形Iftherewerenoair,wecouldn’tlive.Iftherehadbeennoairinthetube,theresultoftheexperimentwouldhavebeenmoreaccurate.Ifheweretocometomorrow,thingswouldbeeasier.2.虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝如果虛擬條件句中含有were/had/should,可把if省略,把were/had/should提到主語之前形成倒裝;若為否定形式,not不可提前。Shoulditraintomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?Weretherenofriction,wecouldnotwalk.Hadweknownaboutthenewmethod,weshouldhaveapplieditearlier.3.錯綜時間虛擬條件句有時虛擬條件句的動作與主句動作發(fā)生的時間不一致,這時動詞的形式應根據它們各自表示的時間加以調整。IfIhadmethimbefore,Icouldrecognizehim.4.含蓄條件句(1)有時假設的情況不用條件句表達,而是用butfor,without等介詞(短語)或上下文來表示。Withoutair,therewouldn’tbelivingthingsintheworldnow.(2)用otherwise,or等暗示后文與前面的情況相反,從而引出后文的虛擬語氣。Heremindedmeofthat,otherwise,Iwouldhaveforgottenit.(3)虛擬條件通過but暗示出來,結構為“虛擬情況+but+真實情況”。Shewouldhavecometoseeyou,butshewassobusythatday.考點2使用虛擬語氣的常見結構或從句1.wish與hope后接賓語從句的區(qū)別:hope表示一般可以實現的希望,賓語從句用陳述語氣;wish表示很難或不太可能實現的希望,賓語從句用虛擬語氣。表示現在,用過去式;表示過去,用過去完成式;表示將來,用would/could+動詞原形。如:IwishIwereastallasyou.Hewishedhehadn’tsaidthat.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.2.ifonly與wish一樣,也用于表示與事實相反的愿望,其后所接的虛擬語氣的時態(tài)與wish后所接時態(tài)的情況相同。如:IfonlyIhadlistenedtomyparents!3.Iwouldrather后的句子用虛擬語氣。表示現在或將來,用過去式;表示過去,用過去完成式,意為“寧愿做什么”。如:I’dratheryouwenttomorrow(now).I’dratheryouhadn’tsaidit.4.以asif(asthough)引導的方式狀語從句或表語從句,有時用虛擬語氣,與wish用法相同。如:Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhewereherownchild.考點3從句中用(should+)動詞原形的用法1.在forfearthat(以免),incase(以防)引導的目的狀語從句中的虛擬語氣。Wehadameetingandtalkedthematteroverfacetofaceforfearthatthereshouldbeanymisunderstanding.2.在表示“堅持”“命令”“建議”“要求”等詞匯后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。這類動詞可歸納為“一個堅持(insist),兩個命令(order,command),三個建議(advise,suggest,propose),四個要求(demand,require,request,ask)”。如:Hecommandedthatroads(should)bebuilttolinkcastlesacrosstheland.IsuggestedtoMikethatwe(should)gooutforamealwithhiscolleagues.3.在order,suggestion,idea,plan,proposal,advice,demand等名詞后的表語從句或同位語從句中用虛擬語氣。如:Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies考點4It’s(about/high)timethat+主語+did/shoulddosth.It’s(about/high)time后的從句用虛擬語氣,謂語動詞用過去式或should+動詞原形,此處should不能省略,意為“(早)該干某事了”。如:It’stime(that)wewenttobed.It’shightimethatweshouldtakeactiontoprotectthewaterresources.特別提示：語法填空題考法1.若句中謂語動詞為原形,在其前設空時,注意考慮情態(tài)動詞。然后根據句意或句式結構填入恰當的情態(tài)動詞;2.一旦判斷所給動詞在句中作謂語,就要考慮其時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、主謂一致等。注意虛擬語氣中的時態(tài),除了if虛擬條件句,還應注意虛擬語氣的標志詞,如suggest,wouldrather,asif,wish,otherwise,or,butfor等?！菊骖}演練】1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbe(be)officiallysetupnextyear.

2.(2022·全國乙卷)Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.3.(2022·全國乙卷)Canasmallgroupofdrones(無人機)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?4.(2022·全國乙卷)Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarrive(arrive)attheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewere(be)acountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverotted(rot)infields.

7.(2022·全國甲卷)Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywould/couldkeepthoseoldferries.8.(2022·浙江高考)IfelthetreatedmeasthoughIwouldholdhimbackandprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse.9.(2022·北京高考)Gasnaturallyhasnorecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.10.(2022·浙江高考)Socialinteractionhasbeenshowntoliftmood(情緒)andgetpeoplethinkinginnewdirectionsandinwaysthatcould(can)helpimproveanypost-luncheffort.11.(2022·北京高考)Whatwouldtheworldbeiftherewere(be)nohunger?【考點精練】一、完成句子1.我想要感謝史密斯教授，如果沒有他的幫助，我不會取得這么大的進步。IwishtothankProfessorSmith,.2.她渴望被一所著名的大學錄取。Shethatsheintoafamousuniversity.3.這個國家應該在全國范圍內開展以凈化網絡環(huán)境為目標的活動，這至關重要。(it作形式主語,crucial,objective)purifyingtheonlineenvironment.4.老板堅持要求充分利用每一分鐘把工作做好。Thebosstodotheworkwell.5.Ifhisexperiencesthen,itwouldundoubtedlyhavemadeamovingbook.如果當時他的經歷被記錄下來，無疑會成為一本感人的書。6.Thesmallestgoodhabitsmakeabigdifference.最小的好習慣會產生很大的作用。7.這會讓你意識到自己是幸運的，所以你應該借此機會好好享受生活It’llmakeyourealisethatyou’refortunate,soyoushouldmakethemostoutofyourlife.8.如果我是一名環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，我會讓我們的城市更干凈，街上沒有任何垃圾。withnorubbishlyingonthestreet.9.建議你應當與不同性格及背景的人交朋友。Itissuggestedthatyouwithpeoplehavingdifferentcharactersandbackgrounds.10.Noenemycansubmission.任何敵人的恐嚇都不能使我們屈服。11.IthinkIshould.我認為我應該更經常地吃蔬菜。12.Whenyoutakeageographyexam,youmay.參加地理考試時，你可以查閱地圖。13.你最好把煙滅掉。在加油站抽煙是極其危險的。You’dbetteryourcigarette.Itisextremelydangeroustosmokeinapetrolstation.14.我強烈推薦你報名參加這個課程。Ihighlyrecommendthatyoushouldthiscourse.15.門衛(wèi)要求檢查一下我們的包。Theguardrequiredthatwechecked.16.如果她早知道蘑菇有毒，她就不會采來當晚餐了。Ifshehadbeenawarethatthemushroomswerepoisonous,she(not；pick)themfordinner.17.Ilikeeatingfriedtomatoeswitheggs,

andIthoughtiteasytocook.

我喜歡吃西紅柿炒雞蛋，我想它肯定很好做。18.干這一行很難成功，但是如果你努力，我相信你最終會獲得成功的。It’shardtosucceedinthisbusiness,butifyouworkhard,Ibelieveyou’lleventually.19.Whenitcomestomyclass,I

saythatIcan’tstandsomeclassmates’selfishness.當提到我們班的時候，我不得不說我實在忍受不了有些同學的自私。（根據漢語提示完成句子）20.我知道我將不得不依靠自己來處理一切。IknewIwouldhavetomyselftodealwitheverything21.IfonlyIthemeetingyesterday!要是昨天我參加了會議該多好??！22.即使我有打網球的天資，我也承受不了那種壓力。，Icouldn’tstandthepressure.23.問題是我們怎樣能弄到我們需要的東西。Theproblemisthethingsweneed.24.學費和生活開銷比國內貴多了，多數家庭最終可能會花費一大筆錢。Tuitionfeesandlivingexpensesaremuchmoreexpensivethanathomeandcouldmostfamiliesanarmandaleg.25.專家建議政府應該采取措施來保護當地的文化遺產。(虛擬語氣)Expertssuggestedthatthegovernmenttoprotectthelocalculturalheritage.26.我必須為我沒能去見你而道歉。Iabletomeetyou.27.Mostbelievehe_______forEnglandlastweek,butforaseriousinjurywhichputhimoutoffootball.(play)多數人認為，要不是受了重傷而告別足球，上周他本會為英格蘭踢球的。28.當我們遇到這樣的事實差異，我們不應該急于得出結論，其中一個新聞報道給出了錯誤的信息。Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.29.我極力建議你為這次面試做好準備。(recommend+賓語從句)Iforthisinterview.30.Itothehouseandworkwiththecook.我最好回到家去和廚師一起工作。31.如果一個捕食性動物能吃幾個物種，那么它就能在其中一個物種滅絕時幸存下來。Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,theextinctionofoneofthem.32.If,pleasegooutside.

如果你非得抽煙，請到外面(去抽)。33.我們不僅應該要勇敢，而且要謹慎。Notonlybebrave,butalsobecautious.二、用單詞的適當形式完成句子34.IwishI(take)youradvicelasttime,andthenIwouldn'thavebeenblamedbyothers.35.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver-perhapshelearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.36.Ifindittotakeawalkinthecountryside,whereIcanmyselfwithacupofteaandeatsome.(refresh)37.Hadyouinvitedus,we(come)toyourparty.38.Thewomanstoodbytheriverstillasifshe(turn)intoastone.39.Werequestedthatthetask(complete)bytheendofthisweek.40.—you(buy)thefilmticketsyesterday?—Yes,I(buy)two.Ican(give)onetoyou.41.IfheshouldgotoTsinghuaUniversity,he(make)fulluseofhistime.42.Itisrecommendedthatyou(get)helpfromyourdoctoraboutyourillness.44.Ialwaysread,(use)differentvoices,asthoughI(be)actingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!45.Thedoctorsuggeststhathe

(take)arest.46.Wemust(evaluate)theconsequencescausedbythefire.＝Wemustmakean(evaluate)oftheconsequencescausedbythefire.47.Shewouldbemuchhealthiernowshenotburdenedherselfwiththatmuchpressurefromworkwhenyoung.48.Sherequiredthatwe（start）immediately.49.Itissuggestedthattheinformationreferredtoinyourreport(simplify).50.Thewomanwasstandingthereasifshe(be)astatue.51.Forabeginnerofsports,itishighlyrecommendablethatthetimefortraining(length)littlebylittle.52.Ifyou(tell)meinadvance,Iwouldhavemethimattheairport.53.Atthesametime,live,detailedmapsofEarth’ssurfaceaidhumanityinamazingways.54.IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,InotbewhereIam.55.Itisthehightimethatwe(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.56.IfIhadenoughmoney,I(build)abighouseformyparents.57.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwaste(be)acountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”58.IfI(be)you,I(teach)himagoodlesson.59.Theofficerorderedthatthenecessities（convey）immediatelytotheearthquake-hitareas.60.Ifyou(tell)meaboutyourtroublelastweek,Icouldhavehelped.61.Henryplayedapassiveroleinthebet.Whathavehappenedifhehadknownfromthebeginningwhatitwasallabout?62.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Shecouldn’t(speak)atthemeeting.63.用適當的情態(tài)動詞填空（1）—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?—Sorry,I'mnotsure.Butitbe.（2）—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn'tfindhimanywhere.—Well,hehavegonefar-hiscoat'sstillhere.（3）Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howitbethathewaslatefortheimportantmeeting?（4）Hehavecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn'tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.（5）Look!Thelightintheofficeisstillon.OurEnglishteacherbecorrectingourexampapers.三、單項選擇64.—Everyoneinmyclasspassedtheexam.—Oh,really?It________difficult.A.can’thavebeen B.needn’thavebeenC.mustbe D.mightn’tbe65.It'snouseenvyingothers'success.1t'stimeyou________hard.A.mustwork B.weretoworkC.work D.shouldwork66.Hadhestudiedharder,he______theexamlastweek.A.passed B.wouldpassC.wouldhavepassed D.musthavepassed67.OurEnglishteacherinsistedthatthehomework________tomorrowmorning.A.mustbehandedin B.handin C.behandedin D.wouldbehandedin68.SheoftensharesherdeepestthoughtsandfearswithfriendsthroughQQ,asifthey________chattinginherlivingroom.A.were B.areC.hadbeen D.hasbeen69.Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwe________nowheretostaynow.A.had B.hadhadC.wouldhave D.wouldhavehad70.Itisdemandedthatthesystemofbuyingtrainticketinrealnames_____outduringtheSpringFestival.A.willbecarried B.becarriedC.tobecarried D.shouldcarry71.Hissuggestion__________toseetheartexhibitioninterestedeveryoneofus.A.thatwego B.whichweshouldgoC.thatwewouldgo D.weshouldgo72.________forthefreeticket,Iwouldnothavegonetoseefilmssooften.A.Ifitisnot B.Wereitnot C.Haditnotbeen D.Ifithasnotbeen73._____XiJinpingsaidonthe20thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina,itwasessentialthatwe_____bettertellChina’sstoriesandmakeChina’svoiceheard.A.As;must B.What;may C.As;should D.What;can74.Recentyearshaveseenagrowingincreaseintheemergenceofcyberterms,withoutwhichourlife_____socolorfulnowadays.A.won’tbe B.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbe D.can’tbe75.How________youexpecttogetsomethinginreturnwhenyouneverwillinglylendahandtoothers?A.shall B.can C.should D.dare76.Hesuggestedthattheproblems______paidspecialattentionto.A.referredtobeing B.refertobeing C.referredtobe D.referringtobe77.—Nowonderyoucaughtacold.You_____outlastnightwithoutacoat.—IknowhowsillyIwas.A.shouldn’thavegone B.mustn’thavegoneC.couldn’thavegone D.mightn’thavegone78.------IsProfessorSmithgivingthespeechtoday?------It______behim.Heisabroadrightnow.A.needn’t B.can’tC.wouldn’t D.mustn’t79.HowIwishI______mymouthbeforeIshoutedatmymum!A.shut B.haveshutC.hadshut D.wouldshut80.It__________Tomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.A.maybe B.mighthavebeenC.musthavebeen D.couldbe81.Irecommendthathe________alawyer.A.sees B.see C.tosee D.seeing82.—Hi,Lucy.Ihearyoufailedthedrivingtestlastweek.—Badluck!WhenIwantedtostopmycar,thebrakework.A.mustn't B.won't C.shan't D.wouldn't83.——Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.——Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.A.willhavestolen B.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolen D.musthavestolen84.We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoucallme?A.shouldface B.mightfaceC.musthavefaced D.mighthavefaced85.—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?—Thetrees____well,butI____them.A.mightgrow;hadn’twatered B.needn’thavegrown;didn’twaterC.wouldhavegrown;didn’twater D.wouldgrow;hadn’twatered86.—Wouldyou___himhowtodealwithit,haditbeenpossible?—Yes,butI____tootired,orI_____himahand.A.tell;was;wouldB.havetold;was;wouldhavegivenC.havetold;was;wouldgiveD.havetold;were;wouldhavegiven87.________intheregulationsthatnobody______anyimportantinformationconcerningtheenterprise.A.Whatisrequired;givesaway B.Asisrequired;giveawayC.Itisrequired;giveaway D.Itrequires;givesaway88.Accordingtotheregulations,anyonewhohastheintentiontobeateacher_______passaseriesofdemandingtests.A.can B.would C.might D.shall89._____forthefactthatshegothitbyacarandbrokeherlegonherwaytoschool,shemighthavepassedtheexam.A.Haditnotbeen B.WereitnotC.Wasitnot D.Hadn’titbeen90.Investigatorsurgedthatsafetyproceduresattheconstructionsite___________assoonaspossible.A.wouldimprove B.wereimprovedC.improved D.beimproved91.Theteachercommandedthatallthestudents________theclassroombeforehereturned.A.mustn’tleave B.didn’tleave C.notleave D.wouldn’tleave92.Theboystudentispoorinhealthnow;hisparentswishthathishealth_____whenhegrowsupA.canimprove B.couldimproveC.canbeimproved D.couldbeimproving93.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe______illandherparentssuggestedthatshe______amedicalexam.A.be;shouldhave B.was;haveC.shouldbe;had D.was;had94.—Oh,God!Iwasalmosthitbythecar.Itwasdrivingsofast!—Thisisabusycrossroad.You______betoocarefulwhencrossingthestreet.A.maynot B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.cannot95.I___________worryaboutthefinaltest—Ialwaysgetwellpreparedbeforeitcomes.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.daren’t D.needn’t96.HowIwisheveryfamilyalargehousewithabeautifulgarden!A.has B.willhave C.had D.hadhad97.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance，I__________himattheairport.A.willmeet B.wouldmeetC.willhavemet D.wouldhavemet四、語法填空補全句子98.Itlastnight，fortheroadwasquitemuddy.昨天晚上一定下雨了，因為路上很泥濘。99.Hehasmadetheteachersareverypleasedwithhim.他進步得如此快，以至于老師們對他感到很滿意。100.Ihaven’tpassedtheEnglishexamination..我沒有通過英語考試。我弟弟也是如此。101.HowdoIknowyou’ll?我怎么會知道你是否會遵守諾言？參考答案一、1.withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavemadesogreatprogress.【解析】考查定語從句和虛擬語氣。句中有without，所填定語從句應用虛擬語氣，與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用“wouldhavedone”，根據句意“不會取得這么大的進步”，為“Iwouldneverhavemadesogreatprogress”。分析句子結構，句子為定語從句，先行詞為ProfessorSmith，關系詞在從句中作定語，故應用關系代詞whose引導該從句。故填withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavemadesogreatprogress.2.hasadesirebeadmitted【解析】考查短語，時態(tài)和名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣。表示“渴望”短語為haveadesire，其后用that引導同位語從句，從句不是表示客觀事實，是一種愿望，用(should)dosth.構成虛擬語氣，should可以省略；表示“被錄取”短語為beadmittedinto。陳述客觀事實用一般現在時，主語為she，謂語用三單形式。故填①hasadesire；②be；③admitted。3.It’scrucialthatthecountry(should)holdanationwidecampaignwiththeobjectiveof【解析】考查固定句型、虛擬語氣、介詞短語、動詞和名詞短語。根據句意以及句子要求可知，該句可為Itiscrucialthat...意為“……是至關重要的”固定句型，從句應使用虛擬語氣，即從句的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”形式，其中should可以省略。在該句型中，表示“帶著……的目的”應為介詞短語withtheobjectiveof...；表示“舉辦，開展”為動詞hold；表示“全國性的運動”應為名詞短語anationwidecampaign。故填It’scrucialthatthecountry(should)holdanationwidecampaignwiththeobjectiveof。4.insistedthateveryminute(should)bemadefulluseof【解析】考查時態(tài)和虛擬語氣。表示“堅持要求”應用動詞insist，主句謂語動詞，一般過去時，insist所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結構為：(should)+原形動詞，should可省略；從句主語為everyminute，表示“充分利用”短語為bemadefulluseof，與主語構成被動關系。故填insistedthateveryminute(should)bemadefulluseof。5.hadbeenrecorded【解析】考查虛擬語氣。“記錄”record，根據句意可知，事實上他的經歷沒有被記錄下來，句子描述的情況與過去的事實相反，應用虛擬語氣，從句應用過去完成時，record與主語hisexperience之間是被動關系，應用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。故填hadbeenrecorded。6.can【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。觀察中英文句子可知，空處缺少情態(tài)動詞，表示事情會發(fā)生，用can。故填：can。7.taketheopportunityto【解析】考查動詞短語。結合句意“借此機會做某事”可知短語為taketheopportunitytodosth.，且should后跟動詞原形。故填taketheopportunityto。8.IfIwereadustman,Iwouldmakeourcitycleaner【解析】考查虛擬語氣。此處為if引出的條件從句，且與現在事實相反：主句用would(should,could,might)+v.，從句動詞用過去式（be通常用were）。表示“環(huán)衛(wèi)工人”應用dustman；表示“讓我們的城市更干凈”應用makeourcitycleaner。故填IfIwereadustman,Iwouldmakeourcitycleaner。9.shouldmakefriends【解析】考查虛擬語氣和固定短語。結合句意表示“和……交朋友”可知短語為makefriendswithsb.，且此處為主語從句Itissuggestedthat+(should)do，從句用虛擬語氣。故填shouldmakefriends。10.frightenusinto【解析】考查固定短語。對比中英文句子可知，空格處意為“恐嚇我們做某事”，是固定短語“frightenusinto”，can是情態(tài)動詞，其后跟動詞原形。故填frightenusinto。11.eatvegetablesmoreoften【解析】考查動詞。分析可知空格處是謂語動詞，放在情態(tài)動詞之后要用動詞原形。表達：吃蔬菜，英語用eatvegetables；表達：更經常地，英語用moreoften。故空格處填eatvegetablesmoreoften。12.consultamap【解析】考查動詞。分析句子可知，句子為時間狀語從句，主句中缺少謂語動詞和賓語。consult意為“查閱”，動詞詞性，在句中作謂語動詞，位于情態(tài)動詞may后面，故用原形。map意為“地圖”，可數名詞，句中泛指一張地圖，單詞第一個音素為輔音音素，故用不定冠詞a修飾，在句中作賓語。故填consultamap。或者可以把consultamap記為固定短語，意為“查閱地圖”。故填：consultamap。13.putout【解析】考查固定短語。根據漢語意思“滅掉”可知，句中涉及固定短語“putout”，意為“熄滅”，“hadbetterdosth.”意為“最好做某事”，“hadbetter”后接動詞原形。故填putout。14.signupfor【解析】考查動詞短語。根據句子結構和意思可知，這里考查動詞短語表示“報名參加”的意思，因為是在情態(tài)動詞should后面，所以動詞用原形的形式。故填signupfor。15.haveourbags【解析】考查虛擬語氣。使某物被...譯為havesth.done，我們的包ourbags。require+that從句，使用（should）do的虛擬形式，故填①have②our③bags。16.wouldnothavepicked【解析】考查虛擬語氣。根據上文“Ifshehadbeenawarethatthemushroomswerepoisonous”可知表示與過去事實相反：主句用would+have+過去分詞，從句用過去完成時；此處為否定陳述句。故填①would②not③have④picked。17.mustbe【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。主語后缺少謂語“肯定是”，用情態(tài)動詞must+動詞原形，形容詞easy前用be動詞，故填mustbe。18.makeit【解析】考查固定搭配。根據句意，空處應為詞義為“獲得成功”的固定搭配makeit，且照應空前情態(tài)動詞“will”，應為動詞原形。故填makeit。19.haveto【解析】考查固定短語和時態(tài)。結合句意表示“不得不做某事”短語為havetodosth.；且結合語境可知應用一般現在時，主語為I，謂語動詞用原形。故填haveto。20.dependon【解析】考查動詞短語。對比中英文句子可知，空格處意為“依靠”，用動詞短語dependon，情態(tài)動詞haveto后用動詞原形，故填dependon。21.hadattended【解析】考查虛擬語氣和時態(tài)。本句是由Ifonly引導的虛擬語氣，此處缺乏謂語，由時間狀語yesterday可知，與過去事實相反，時態(tài)用過去完成時（haddone），動詞attend（參加）。故填①had②attended。22.EvenifIhadthetalenttoplaytennis【解析】考查短語和虛擬語氣。evenif即使；havethetalenttodosth.有做某事的才能；playtennis打網球。evenif引導與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句用一般過去時。根據句意，故填EvenifIhadthetalenttoplaytennis。23.howwecanget【解析】考查名詞性從句。表示“我們怎樣能弄到”為名詞性從句，從句中要注意時態(tài)、語序和引導詞。根據句意和前文is可知，用一般現在時；從句用陳述語序；用引導詞how引導。表達為howwecanget，作表語。故填①how；②we；③can；④get。24.endupcosting【解析】考查動詞短語。根據漢語提示和句意，設空處為“最終會花費”，“最終做某事”表達為動詞短語endupdoing，動名詞作賓語；此處考查動詞短語costsbanarmandaleg，意為“花了某人一大筆錢”，空前為情態(tài)動詞could，后接動詞原形，故填endupcosting。25.shouldtakesteps/measures/action【解析】考查固定短語和虛擬語氣。此處suggest后跟賓語從句需用虛擬語氣，謂語用should+動詞原形；表示“采取措施”短語為takesteps/measures/action。故填shouldtakesteps/measures/action。26.mustapologisefornotbeing【解析】考查固定短語。“因為……而道歉”譯為apologisefordoing，“能夠”譯為beableto，結合其他漢語意思，故答案為mustapologisefornotbeing。27.wouldhaveplayed/couldhaveplayed【解析】考查虛擬語氣。根據所給句子及漢語提示可知，本句表示“他本會為英格蘭踢球的。事實上他沒有為英格蘭踢球”，結合時間狀語lastweek可知，是對過去的假設，表示對過去的虛擬使用“would/couldhaveplayed”，表示“本會/要去做……但卻沒做……”，故填would/couldhaveplayed。28.rushtotheconclusionthat【解析】考查同位語從句。根據句意中“急于得出結論”可知，應該翻譯為“rushtotheconclusion”，由后面的從句“oneofthenewsgivesfalseinformation”可知從句不缺少成分，是用來解釋前面的抽象名詞conclusion，因此從句為同位語從句，所以由that來引導。故填rushtotheconclusionthat。29.highlyrecommendthatyou(should)makegoodpreparations【解析】考查時態(tài)、副詞和虛擬語氣。由句意可知，本句講的是事實，時態(tài)用一般現在時，副詞highly(非常)作狀語修飾動詞recommend(建議)，謂語動詞recommend后接that引導的賓語從句，從句用虛擬語氣“(should)do”，makepreparationsfor(做準備)；再根據其它漢語提示，故填highlyrecommendthatyou(should)makegoodpreparations。30.hadbettergoback【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞和動詞短語。根據漢語“最好回”可知，用情態(tài)動詞hadbetter+動詞原形，goback表示回，是固定短語，作謂語動詞短語。故填hadbettergoback。31.itcansurvive【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形。分析句子結構可知，“_____theextinctionofoneofthem.”為主句，“它”為it，作主句主語，“能幸存下來”應用情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形，即cansurvive，故填itcansurvive。32.youmustsmoke【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。根據句意，主語為you，用情態(tài)動詞must表示“非要”，表達一種強烈的不滿或責備，后接動詞原形smoke（抽煙），故填youmustsmoke。33.shouldwe【解析】考查部分倒裝句。當否定詞或半否定詞放在句首的時候，要使用部分倒裝句。本句中not放在句首，所以把should提前，構成部分倒裝句。句意：我們不僅應該要勇敢，而且要謹慎。故填shouldwe。二、34.hadtaken【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：我希望我上次接受你的建議，這樣我就不會被別人責備了。虛擬語氣通常用于wish后的賓語從句中，表示與事實相反或不大可能實現的愿望。通常有三種形式：①表示與現在事實相反的愿望，用過去時：②表示與過去事實相反的愿望，用過去完成時：③表示與將來事實相反的愿望，用could/would+/might+動詞原形。根據“l(fā)asttime”可知，此處表示與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時。故填hadtaken。35.could【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：這位睿智的老人告訴他去漓江旅行——也許他可以從世界上最偉大的藝術家那里學到一點兒東西。根據謂語動詞told，可知句子的時態(tài)為一般過去時，表示對過去的推測用could，故填could。36.refreshingrefreshrefreshments【解析】考查形容詞、動詞和名詞。句意：我覺得在鄉(xiāng)下散步使人精神煥發(fā)，在那里我可以喝杯茶提神，吃點點心。第一空應填形容詞作賓語補足語，refreshing使人精力充沛的，令人耳目一新的，形容詞；第二空是where引導的定語從句的謂語動詞，refresh使恢復精力，使涼爽，動詞，情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形；第三空應填名詞作賓語，refreshments茶點，點心，常用復數形式。故填①refreshing②refresh③ref