第頁B2U1LanguagePoints2Period2ReadingandThinking(1)balance(n.)平衡；均勻(vt.)使平衡Findingandkeepingtherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.在發(fā)展與文化遺產(chǎn)保護之間找到恰當?shù)钠胶恻c，并加以保持，這可能是一項巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。Touristsoftendisturbthedelicatebalanceofnatureontheisland.游客常常干擾島上脆弱的自然生態(tài)平衡。Hiswife’sdeathdisturbedthebalanceofhismind.妻子的離世使他心神不寧。keep/strikeabalancebetweenworkandfamily保持工作和家庭的平衡=balance(vt.兼顧)workandfamilybalanceadvantagesanddisadvantages兼顧優(yōu)缺點balancehimselfontherope在繩子上站穩(wěn)(使...保持平衡；立穩(wěn))keepabalanceddiet保持均衡飲食(balancedadj.保持平衡的)propose(v.)提議，建議(tosuggestaplan,anidea,etc.forpeopletothinkaboutanddecideon);打算，計劃(intendtodo)；proposal(n.)提議；建議(aformalsuggestionorplan)Buttheproposalledtoprotests.但是，該提案引發(fā)了抗議。I’dliketomake/putforward/comeupwithaproposalbeforethemeeting.在開會前我想提個建議。Theyallagreedtomyproposalthatwe(should)shareinthetaxifare.他們都同意我的提議，我們分攤計程車費。propose(v.)apossiblesolutiontotheproblem提議一個解決該問題的方案Heproposedbuildingadam.=Heproposedthatadam(should)bebuilt.他建議建造一座大壩。=Hesuggested/advisedbuildingadam.=headvised/suggestedthatadam(should)bebuilt.likely(adj.)可能的(probableorexpected)；(adv.)可能地Waterfromthedamwouldlikely(adv.)damageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelicsthatwereanimportantpartofEgypt’sculturalheritage.大壩泄流可能會損壞許多寺廟，摧毀一批文物，而這些文物是埃及文化遺產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。=Waterfromthedamwouldbelikely(adj.)todamageanumberoftemples...Thetempleislikelytobedamaged.寺廟很有可能被毀。=Itislikely/possible/probablethatthetemplewillbedamaged.limit(n.)限度；限制(vt.)限制；限定AcommitteewasestablishedtolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildingsandpreventthelossofculturalrelics.委員會成立了，旨在減少對那些埃及建筑物的破壞，并防止文物損失。Everyonewhoparticipatesinthespeechcontestshouldlimityourspeechto5minutes.每一個參加演講比賽的人應該把演講限制在5分鐘內(nèi)。（limitsthtosth限制；限定）Thegovernmentsetastrictlimiton/tothespeedofthecarandthespeedlimitis60km/h.政府對汽車的行駛速度作了嚴格的規(guī)定，每小時的速度是60千米。(put/setalimitto/on對...限制)pushsb/sthtolimits把某人/某物推到極限；把某人逼到極限limited(adj.)time/resources有限的時間/資源詞義關聯(lián)：Speedisrestricted/limitedto30mphintowns.在城里車速不得超過每小時30英里。(restrictv.tolimitthesize,amountorrangeofsth限制，限定（數(shù)量、范圍等）)5.prevent(vt.)阻止；阻礙；阻撓tostopsbfromdoingsth;tostopsthfromhappeningThegovernmentissparingnoefforttoprevent/stoptheforest(from)beingdestroyed.Thegovernmentissparingnoefforttokeeptheforestfrombeingdestroyed.政府正不遺余力阻止森林被毀。Theywerestopped/prevented/keptfromenteringtheburningbuilding.他們被攔在了燃燒著的大樓外面。Prevention[U.]ismoreimportantthantreatment.預防比治療更重要。6.donate(vt.)（尤指向慈善機構）捐贈；贈送；獻（血）Fiftycountriesdonatednearly$80milliontotheproject.50個國家向該項目捐贈了近8千萬美元。Thosewhoarewillingtodonatetheirorgansforuseafterdeathcouldbecalledheroes.那些愿意在死后將器官捐獻出來的人可被稱為英雄。Medicalsciencehasprovedthatdonatingbloodisgoodfordonorsbothphysicallyandspiritually.醫(yī)療科學證實獻血有益于獻血者的身心健康。(n.捐贈者；獻血者，器官捐獻者)Theoldmandonated/contributedalargenumberofbookstothelocalschool.Theoldmanmadeadonation/makeacontributionofalargenumberofbookstothelocalschool.這位老人給當?shù)貙W校捐了很多書。contribute(vi.&vt.)捐獻；捐助contribution(n.)捐款；貢獻；捐贈Thegroupaskedforcontributionsfromdifferentdepartmentsandraisedfundswithintheinternationalcommunity.該委員會請求各個部門予以支持，并在國際范圍內(nèi)籌集資金。Theprofessorhasmadegreatcontributionstothecauseofeducation.這位教授為教育事業(yè)做出了巨大的貢獻。（makeacontribution/contributionsto捐款；對...做貢獻）Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy,whichcontributedtohisreturntoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoapress.許多人給那個貧窮的男孩子捐款，這使他重返校園。一位作家寫了一個關于此事的故事并把它投給了一家出版社。(contribute...to...把...貢獻給...；向...捐獻/捐贈...；向...投稿contributeto有助于；導致；捐款；投稿)Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadto/resultin/contributetohealthproblems.糖分攝入過多會導致健康問題。attempt(n.)(vt.)企圖；試圖；嘗試WhydidtheEgyptiangovernmentwanttoattemptthebuildingofthedam?埃及政府為什么要嘗試修建大壩？=WhydidtheEgyptiangovernmentwanttoattempttobuildthedam?(attemptsth/todosth:tomakeaneffortortrytodosth,espsthdifficult)Ifyoufailatthefirstattempt,thereisnoneedtocareaboutthat.如果你第一次嘗試失敗的話，也沒必要擔心。（atthe/one’sfirstattempt（某人）第一次嘗試）Twofactorieswereclosedinanattempttocutcosts.為消減費用，關閉了兩家工廠。（企圖；為了）Inmyview,parentsaremakinganattempttoprotect/atprotectingtheirkidsbygivingwhatevertheyrequire.就我個人而言，父母們正試圖通過給孩子要的任何東西來保護他們的孩子。（嘗試做某事）詞義關聯(lián)：trytodosth試圖/想要做某事tomakeanattemptorefforttodoorgetsthconduct(n.)行為；舉止；管理方法(vt.)組織；安排；帶領Expertsinvestigatedtheissue,conductedseveraltests,andthenmakeaproposalforhowthebuildingscouldbesaved.專家們對此議題進行調(diào)查研究，多次試驗，提出了一個保住那些建筑的方案。conductanexperiment/anorchestra/sbaroundtheruinsoftheancientcity/oneselfbetterthanexpected做實驗/指揮管弦樂隊/帶領某人游覽了古城遺跡/表現(xiàn)得比預料的要好得多cheating/illegalconduct(n.)舞弊/非法行為Yourconduct[u.]doesn’tagreewithwhatyousay.你的行為和你說的不相符。Undertheconductofhisfather,theirbusinesswasverysuccessful.在他父親的指導下，他們的事業(yè)相當成功。（conductofsth經(jīng)營方式；管理方法）conductor(n.)(管弦樂隊、合唱隊等的)指揮；列車長；檢票員；導體詞義關聯(lián)：performanexperiment/anoperation/atask做試驗/做手術/執(zhí)行任務behavewell/badly表現(xiàn)得好/不好givewayto讓步；屈服Therecomesatime(全部倒裝)whentheoldmustgivewaytothenew(定語從句),and(連詞)itisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastas(引導時間狀語從句)wemovetowardsthefuture.新舊更替的時代已經(jīng)到來，在走向未來的過程中，我們不可能將過去的一切都保存下來。leadtoprotests引發(fā)了抗議Bigchallenges,however,cansometimesleadtogreatsolutions.然而巨大的挑戰(zhàn)有時候會帶來偉大的解決方案。Withhimleadingtheway,wegottherewithoutanydifficulty.Hewasintheleadalltheway.Withouthim,wewouldhavebeenlost,whichwouldleadtoseriousconsequences.Hisactionsledustobelievethathewasourtruefriend.在他的帶領下，我們毫無困難地到達了哪里。他一路領頭。要不是他，我們將會迷路，這將導致嚴重的后果。他的行為使我們相信他是我們真正的朋友。turnto向...求助；轉(zhuǎn)向；致力于；翻到；查閱Afterlisteningtothescientistswhohadstudiedtheproblem,andcitizenswholivednearthedam,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelpin1959.埃及政府在聽取了研究該問題的科學家以及大壩附近居民的意見后，于1959年向聯(lián)合國尋求幫助。turntotheleft向左轉(zhuǎn)turntoPage4翻到第4頁turntocomputerscience從事計算機科學turntothedictionary查閱詞典establishacommittee成立委員會=setupsufferagreatloss/greatlosses遭受巨大的損失beataloss不知所措；困惑Heisalwaysatalosswhattosayinfrontofstrangers.他在陌生人面前總是不知要說什么。Unfortunately,I’matalosswhetherIshouldbringasmallgiftornotwhenIcallonhim.不幸的是，我不知道拜訪他時我是否該帶點小禮物。withinwalkingdistance在步行距離之內(nèi)within(prep.在（某段時間、距離或范圍）之內(nèi))Thesupermarketiswithinwalkingdistanceofourschool.超市離學校很近，走幾步路就到了。makesure確保；設法保證Wemustprotectthetemplesandmakesurethatnodamageisdone.我們必須保護寺廟，確保不造成任何破壞。makesureoftheexacttimeofthearrivingtrain確定火車到達的確切時間beworthwhiledoing/todo值得做某事worthwhile(adj.)值得做的；值得花時間的Doyouthinkitwasworthwhile?你覺得值得嗎？Theplanisworthconsideration/considering.Theplanisworthyofconsideration/ofbeingconsidered/tobeconsidered.Itisworthwhiletoconsider/consideringtheplan.這個計劃值得考慮。raisefundsfor為...籌集資金bepreventedfromdisappearing防止消失PerhapsthebestexampleisshownbyUNESCO,whichrunsaprogrammethatpreventsworldculturalheritagesitesaroundtheworldfromdisappearing.能體現(xiàn)這種精神的最好的例子或許就是聯(lián)合國教科文組織；該組織有一項計劃，旨在防止全國各地世界文化遺址的消失。Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.這些國家不僅找到了一條不以犧牲古跡為代價的未來發(fā)展之路，而且明白了多個國家合作創(chuàng)造美好未來的可能性。NotonlyTomandMarybutalsoIamfondofwatchingTV.不僅Tom和Mary，而且我也喜歡看電視。Notonlydoesthesungiveuslight,but(also)itgivesusheat.太陽不僅給了我們光，也給了我們能量。AdditionalAccumulationsign(n.)asignofstress/life/improvement緊張/生命/改進的跡象atrafficsign/aroadsign交通/道路標志(v.)signone’sname/theletter簽名/署名signtosbtodosth示意某人做某事count(v.)countonsbtodo/doingsth依靠/指望某人做某事countlessculturalrelics無數(shù)的文物Itisone’sthoughtthatcounts/matters.貴在心意。progress(n.)makelittle/no/slight/much/rapidprogressin...在...(幾乎沒有/沒有/稍微)取得了(很大的/迅速的)進步inprogress(happeningatthistime)進行中(v.)Astheeveningprogressed/wenton,sadnessturnedtorage.隨著夜幕逐漸降臨，悲傷已成憤怒。Period5DiscoveringUsefulstructures&ListeningandTalkingprofessional(adj.)專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的(n.)專業(yè)人員；職業(yè)選手WemetaprofessionalarchaeologistattheentrancetotheGreatPyramid.我們在大金字塔的入口處遇見了一位專業(yè)的考古學家。professionalskills專業(yè)技能seekprofessionaladvice尋求專業(yè)意見ahealthprofessional(n.)健康專家atopgolfprofessional頂尖高爾夫球職業(yè)選手Thetournamentisopentobothamateursandprofessionals.這次錦標賽業(yè)余選手和職業(yè)選手均可參加。profession[C.](需要專門技能，尤指需要較高教育水平的某一)行業(yè)，職業(yè)themedical/legal/teachingprofession醫(yī)療/法律/教學行業(yè)enter/gointo/joinaprofession加入一個行業(yè)Hewasanelectricianbyprofession.他的職業(yè)是電工。詞義關聯(lián)：career(n.)生涯，職業(yè)；經(jīng)歷，事業(yè)acareerinpolitics政治生涯chooseacareerasavet選擇獸醫(yī)這個職業(yè)occupation[C.]ajoborprofession工作；職業(yè)Pleasestateyourname,age,andoccupationbelow.請在下面寫明姓名、年齡和職業(yè)。entrance(n.)入口；進入collegeentranceexamination大學入學考試([U.]（俱樂部、社團、大學等的）準許加入，進入許可)attheentrancetothecinema在電影院的入口處([C.]大門（口），入口（處）；入口通道)介詞to表示目的、對象theanswertothequestion/thekeytothedoor/thesolutiontotheproblemThepolicewereunabletogainentrancetothehouse.警方未能得到進入這棟房子的許可。enterauniversity考入大學(vt.成為...的一員；加入；開始從事)詞義關聯(lián)：entry(n.)intheentry在入口處gainentryintothebuilding進入大樓Noentry!禁止入內(nèi)！access[U.]theonlyaccesstothefarmhouse去農(nóng)舍的唯一道路haveaccesstosth有使用/見到...的機會exit(n.)emergencyexit緊急出口process(n.)過程；進程；步驟(vt.)處理；加工Heexplainedtoustheprocessofbuildingsuchadifficultstructure.他向我們解釋了建造如此困難的結構的過程。thelearning/printingprocess學習/印刷過程process(vt.)thedata處理數(shù)據(jù)Preservedmeetisaprocessedfood.Intheprocessofmakingpreservedmeat,thereareseveralprocessestopayspecialattentiontowhenprocessing(vt.)themeat.臘肉是加工食品。在制作臘肉的過程中，有幾個步驟在腌肉時需要特別注意。(intheprocessof在（做）某事的過程中)詞義關聯(lián)：emergencyprocedures緊急情況處理程序follownormalprocedure(forsth)遵循正常的步驟forgive(vi&vt.)forgave-forgiven原諒；寬恕(vt.)對不起；請原諒Forgivemeforasking,but...請原諒我的冒昧，但是...Pleaseforgivemeforinterruptingyou.=Pleaseforgiveme/myinterruptingyou.對不起，打擾了。forgiveandforget不念舊惡；不記仇forgetthedebt免除債務詞義關聯(lián):Ihopeyou’llexcusemeforbeinglate.我來晚了，希望你能原諒。Excusemyinterruptingyou.對不起，打擾你一下。excuseme（引起尤其是陌生人的注意）/（客氣地請人讓路）/（因打擾別人或失禮表示歉意）/（婉轉(zhuǎn)地表示不贊成）/（婉轉(zhuǎn)地要求離開或要與另外的人說話）/（因擠著別人或做錯了事表示歉意）對不起Excuseme?NAmE（沒聽清楚，請對方再說一遍）對不起Ibegyourpardon./Pardon(me).請原諒；對不起(usedtotellsbthatyouaresorryforsthyouhavesaidordone);（未聽清楚）請再說一遍downloadtheapp下載應用程序workdayandnight日夜工作gowithout沒有...也行；沒有...而勉強應付Ibegyourpardon,butisthistheXuanyuanMirror?對不起，但這是軒轅鏡嗎？Iseethatyou’relookingatthatcarvingontheroof(s).我看到你正在看屋頂上的雕刻。tell(v.區(qū)分；分辨)rightfromwrong分辨是非tellthedifference區(qū)分不同AdditionalAccumulationtakeup占據(jù)，占用；繼續(xù)；開始從事；接受takeon呈現(xiàn)；承擔（責任）；雇傭takeover接管；掌管takein收留；欺騙；吸收；理解，領會turnup被發(fā)現(xiàn)；到達，露面；調(diào)高turndown拒絕；把...調(diào)低turnout結果是；證明是turnover翻身；認真思考presentsthtosb=presentsbwithsth把交給；頒發(fā)；授予motivatesbtodosth激勵某人做某事workout鍛煉身體；計算；解決(solve);計劃workon努力說服（某人）；努力改善/完成某事Period6ReadingforWriting&AssessingYourProgressthroughout(prep.)(adv.)到處；遍及；inorintoeverypartofsth自始至終duringthewholeperiodoftimeofsthTheyarerecordingandcollectingdigitalimagesofculturalrelicsfromtheMogaoCaves,whichwereakeystopalongtheSilkRoadthroughoutChina’sancienthistory.團隊成員正在記錄和收集莫高窟文物的數(shù)碼圖像；莫高窟在中國古代歷史上是絲綢之路上的一個關鍵站點。Heisworkingthroughout(prep.)theday/allthroughtheday.他一整天都在工作。Theceremonylastedtwohoursandwehadtostandthroughout(adv.).儀式進行了兩個小時，我們自始至終都得站著。Theysoldtheirproductstomarketsthroughoutthecountry/alloverthecountry.他們把產(chǎn)品賣到全國各地的市場。quality(n.)質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；素質(zhì)；特征(adj.)優(yōu)質(zhì)的；高質(zhì)量的Nearly500,000high-qualitydigitalphotographshavebeenproducedsincetheinternationalprojectstartedin1994.1994年該國際項目啟動以來，團隊已經(jīng)制作了近50萬張高質(zhì)量的數(shù)碼照片。=digitalphotographsofhighqualitygoodsofpoorquality質(zhì)量差的商品beofgood/high/poor/lowquality質(zhì)量好/優(yōu)質(zhì)/質(zhì)量差/劣質(zhì)improvethequalityoflife提高生活質(zhì)量leadershipqualities領導素質(zhì)[C.]apersonwithmanygoodqualities一個具有很有優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)的人qualitytime(尤指工作之余關愛子女，增進感情的)黃金時光Thequalityofthiskindofqualitybeanisthatithassomequalitiesthatotherbeanshaven’t.這種高質(zhì)量的大豆的特征是它具有其他大豆所沒有的一些品質(zhì)。quantity(n.)數(shù)量aquantity/quantitiesoffood/books大量的食物/書further(adv.)(far的比較級)更遠；進一步Theyalsohopetofurthereducatepeopleabouttheimportanceofsafeguardinghistoricandculturalrelicsforfuturegenerationstounderstandandappreciate.團隊還希望進一步教育大眾認識保護歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)以供后代了解和欣賞的重要性。goabroadforfurtherstudy去國外深造furtherresearch更進一步的研究(adj.more;additional)furtherstrengthentherelations進一步加強聯(lián)系takeastepfurther進一步采取措施(adv.toagreaterdegree)furtherone’sstudy進一步促進學習(v.tohelpsthtodeveloporbesuccessful)farther(adv./adj.)(時間或空間上)更遠(地/的)；較遠(地/的)comparison(n.)比較；相比wordstoshowcomparisonand/orcontrast表示比較和/或?qū)Ρ鹊脑~It’sdifficulttomake/drawacomparisonwithherpreviousbooktheyarecompletelydifferent.=It’sdifficulttocomparehernewbookwithherpreviousonetheyarecompletelydifferent.很難把她的新書和之前的書相比較它們是完全不同的。By/Incomparisonwith/toherpreviousbook,hernewoneiscompletelydifferent.=Comparedwithherpreviousbook,hernewonegivesadetaileddescriptionofthesocialsituation.與她之前的書相比，她的新書對社會現(xiàn)狀進行了詳細地描述。Bycomparison,hernewbookgivesadetaileddescriptionofthesocialsituation.相比之下，她的新書對社會現(xiàn)狀進行了詳細地描述。詞義關聯(lián)：matchsthagainststh拿...與...比較；對照(tocomparesthwithsthelseinordertofindthingsthatarethesameorsimilar)Newinformationismatchedagainstexisti